Now we would like to ask for information on you and the persons habitually living in your household or currently residing in your home

Residents only
[Questions in columns 12 - 15 were asked of residents only]

(14) Status of the father

Columns (14) and (15): Status [word used is survival] of father and mother
Ask if the biological father and mother of [the respondent] are still alive. If the answer is NO, circle the code "5" for deceased. If the answer is yes, ask then if the parent of [the respondent] lives in the household? If "yes," circle the code "1" for present in the household "PRM". If NO, ask if the parent of [the respondent] lives in the township, elsewhere in Benin, or outside of Benin and circle the corresponding code according to the following:

This is to know whether the father of the counted person is still alive or has passed.

Ask the question: Q: "Is your/[the respondent]'s father still alive, and, if yes, where does he live?"
Circle the code corresponding to the given response.

The codes to use are:

107b. Column A11: Father

Q: Is [the person's] biological father alive?

Find out from the respondent if the biological father of each and every person listed in A1 is alive or dead. If the biological father is still alive write code "1" in the shaded area, if the biological father is dead or no longer alive write code "2" and finally if it is not known if the father to the person in question is alive write code "3" in the shaded area. The enumerator must probe thoroughly before accepting that it is not known if the father is alive or not.

Parental survival

11. Is [the respondent's] biological father alive?

138. Column A12: Father
Q. Is the respondent's biological father alive?
Like in the case of the mother above, find out from the respondent if the biological father of each and every person listed in A1 is alive or dead. If the biological father is still alive enter code "1" in the shaded region. If the biological father is dead enter code "2". Finally if it is not known if the biological father to the person in question is alive enter code "3" in the shaded area. You must probe thoroughly before accepting that it is not known if the father is alive or not.

P29-P30. Survival of father/ mother

P13. Father living

Columns P13 and P14: Survival of parents
The parents referred to here are the biological parents, in other words the persons who effectively 'gave birth to him'.
In each column, encircle only one number as the case may be:

25. Is father living?

Note: The father and mother in Columns 24 and 25 are the biological parents of the individual, i.e. the man and woman who gave birth to him.

[Questions 16 and 17 were asked for household members age 0-17.]

17. Is [the respondent]'s biological father alive?

Empirical research findings in developing countries show that the number of orphans is increasing chillingly through time. This results a greater social and economic pandemonium in the society. Particularly an escalating number of children and youth become victims of the death of either one of their parents because of HIV/AIDS. To investigate the volume of the impact two successive questions are incorporated in the census questionnaire. These questions are referring to children and youth aged 0 to 17 years.

Question 17:- Is [the respondent]'s biological father alive?

This question is regarding the survivorship status of the biological father of children aged 0-17 years. All members of the household aged 0-17 years are eligible to this question. Based on the response to be obtained, code 1 will be given and marked to those children whose biological fathers are still alive at the time of enumeration. For those children whose biological fathers are reported to have died, code 2 will be assigned. In this case, enumerators should bear in mind that the question refers to only the biological fathers and it does not consider survivorship status of guardians or adopting fathers.

Note: - for those children aged 0-17 years whose mothers or fathers survivorship status is not known, code 2 should be taken and shaded on questions 16 and 17.

8. Real father
Is the [person's] real father still alive?

7. Real father

D7. Real father
Alive or dead
______

D7. Is the [person's] biological father still alive?

Residents from 0 to 17 years
[Question P13- P15 were asked of persons 0 to 17 years of age.]

P14 / P15. Parents alive?

If members of the household are younger than 15
[Questions 305-308.]

307. Is [the respondent's] natural father alive?

j. Is his or her father alive? ____

P-22. Is [person's] father alive?

30. Columns P22?P23: Orphanhood

Ask: Is [the respondent]'s father/mother alive?

30.1 Enter the appropriate codes in column P?22 and P?23 in respect of the survival status of the respondent's biological father and mother respectively. Note that at times destitute children are brought up or adopted at a very young age by relatives. Such foster parents should not be considered as the biological parents of the respondent. Please always probe to establish the reality of the situation.
30.2 In some cases, a child's father/mother may not be married or living with the mother/father. In this case the mother/father might report that she/he does not know whether the father/mother of her child is alive or dead. In this case code "9" for 'don't know'. You must always probe to ensure you obtain the most satisfactory answer.

14. Is father of (the respondent) alive?

The first two columns must be completed before entries are made anywhere else in the questionnaire.

121. Column 14, 15: Is natural mother/father still alive.
Code 1 if natural mother/father is still alive. Code 2 if natural mother/father is dead. The question concerns the natural mother/father only not social. Code 9 for unknown.

9. Is father of (the respondent) alive?

79. Column 9 and 10: Is natural mother/father still alive

P14. Is [the respondent's] father alive?

B8. Orphanhood: is [the respondent's] father alive?

2. Persons age 20 years or younger

B8 and B9. Orphan hood: Ask each person age 20 years or younger if his/her natural (biological) father or mother is still alive.
Record the survivorship status of the person's father in column B8 and that of his/her mother in column B9.

P14. Parental survivorship and residence

14. [Respondent's] father is alive

14. Column P14: Father alive

Ask the question the following way: "Is the father of name still alive?"

Circle the number located left of the answer given:

Instruction: This question relates to the father whether he is present or not in the household.

[Question 6 through 36 were asked to the residents]

12. Is (the person)'s biological mother alive?

As in the previous Question, we intend to know the same information about the biological father. It should not be considered as father their stepfather, adoptive father, tutor or the person who is in charge of their education and other responsibilities.
Read the Question and wait for a response. Mark an X in box number 1 the person's father is alive, in box number 2 if the father is not alive and in box number 3 if they do not know.

P14. Father

[Question P15 asked only of people aged 25 years or younger.]

P15. Survival of parents

P15: Survival of parents

This question concerns (only) persons under age 25 years; it aims at obtaining information on the survival of the parents of the children of the household.

If both parents of an enumerated person are still alive, one circles (1)
If the person has only his/her mother alive, circle (2)
If the person has only his/her father is alive, circle (3)
If the person has no longer any parent alive, circle (4)
If the person does not know anything about the survivorship of
his/her parents, circle (5)

[Questions 14-15 were asked of residents less than 18 years old.]

14. Parental survival and residence

14c. Is the respondent's natural father alive?

P14: Parental survivorship and residence
Ask: Is [the person]'s natural mother alive? If yes, does [the person]'s natural mother live in this household? Is [the person]'s natural father alive? If yes, does [the person]'s natural father live in this household?

Encircle the code number which matches the response given.

Note that at times destitute children are brought up or adopted at a very young age by relatives. Such foster parents should not be considered as the biological parents of the respondent. Please always probe to establish the reality of the situation.

The entire population
[Questions B16 through B28 were asked of all resident persons.]

Survival of the parents

B27. Father

B27/B28: survival of parents
For the whole population, we want to know whether the biological parents are alive or not.

Columns P13 - P14 -- Orphanhood
103. These questions refer to the biological mother and father of the respondent and the answer should be in respect of the person's real mother and father.

104. You should therefore ask, "Is this person's real mother and father alive -- the ones who bore him/her?" "Yes" is 1, "No" is 2, and "Don't know" is 3.

P13-14 Orphanhood

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

P14. Orphanhood

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

Columns (P14) - Orphanhood
118. These questions refer to the biological mother and father of the respondent and the answer should be in respect of the person's biological mother and father.

119. You should therefore ask, "Is this person's biological mother alive -- the one who bore him/her?" Write "1' if only mother alive, "2" if both parents alive, "3" If only father alive, "4" If both parents dead and "5" if the respondent does not know.

14.2. Is (the person's) own father still alive? (These questions refer to the person's biological parents.)

Father alive

P-50 Father alive
Is (the person)'s own biological father still alive?

[3.7] Household members

[3.7.4] Parental survival
Now, I am going to ask you questions on the survival status of parents.

[3.7.4.6] Is the respondent's own biological father still alive?

13. Is [the respondent's] biological father alive?

Is [respondent's] father alive?

Question 9: Is your biological father alive? Is your biological mother alive?
In this question, we want to know if the parents of a member of the household are alive. Start by asking a member of the household if the biological father is alive and then ask if the biological mother is alive.
In other customs, people will consider the children they raised as their own even when they are born by other people. These children, who are raised by people other than their parents such as step mother, should not be taken as their parents. Therefore, it is better if you make the respondent understand that we are talking about biological parents of a member of the household, not guardians.
If the biological mother and father of a member of household are alive or not, shade code "1" or "2", according to the answer given by the member of household.
If the respondent does not know whether the biological parents are alive or dead, use code "8". This situation may happen and will not be seen as abnormal.
Use the following codes:

19. Survival of parents

(P14) Survival of father

Columns P11, P12, P13, P14 and P15 concern all the resident members of the household.

Column P14: Survival of the father

Ask if the biological father of [the respondent] is alive and circle the corresponding code according to the declaration of the respondent.

8. Is father alive? (yes or no)

Question 8 Is father alive?

102. Write "yes" or "no" in respect of the person's real father. Not a step father or one who may have adopted him or her.

P9 Father's survival Is (name's) biological father still alive? (Write appropriate code: Yes = 1, No = 2, Don't know = 3)

Question P9: Father's Survival
Is (name's) biological father still alive?
104. Write code '1' if the father is alive and code 2 if the father of the person being enumerated died. In case nobody knows the survival status of the person's father, write code 3 for "Don't Know".

For all persons

P11 Is [the respondent's] biological father alive?

P22. Is [the respondent's] biological father alive?

For all children who are younger than 18 years old, we want to know whether their natural parent(s) is (are) alive and in the Household. This information will be used to measure the prevalence of orphanhood and child fostering and to identify vulnerable children in the population.

P-20 to P23: Is [the respondent's] biological mother alive?

First, ask whether the child's biological mother is alive. By "biological" we mean the natural mother, that is, the woman who gave birth to the child. In many cultures, people consider other people's children whom they are raising as their own, especially children of their husband or sisters, etc. So you should be certain that the respondent understands that you are asking about the child's biological mother.

If the mother is still alive shade code 1, and ask the question that follows. If the mother is 'not alive' or the respondent does not know, shade the appropriate code and skip to P22.

Follow the same procedure for P22 to P23 for the child's biological father. If the father is 'not alive' or the respondent does not know, shade the appropriate code and skip to P24.

12. Is (the respondent's) father by birth alive?

Q12 and Q13 Parental survivorship
These questions should be asked to members of the household who are 17 years and below including visitors in respect of the person's biological father and mother. In some cases, check with question 2 for consistency. Ask survivorship of each parent separately.