| Census characteristics |
| |
1970 |
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
| Title of census |
The 1970 Population and Housing Census of Thailand |
The 1980 Population and Housing Census of Thailand |
The 1990 Population and Housing Census of Thailand |
The 2000 Population and Housing Census of Thailand |
| Census agency |
National Statistical Office |
National Statistical Office |
National Statistical Office |
National Statistical Office |
| Population universe |
All the population whose usual places of residence were in Thailand on the Census day, including Thai citizens and foreigners who had lived in Thailand for 3 months or more; all population whose usual places of residence were in Thailand but on the Census day were away for military training, sailing, or temporarily travelling abroad; and Thai civil/military/diplomatic officers and their families who normally have their offices in foreign countries. |
All Thai nationals residing in Thailand on the census date; foreign civilians who normally reside in Thailand or who temporarily reside in Thailand 3 months or more before the census date; any individual who has normally resided in Thailand but was away for military training, sailing, or temporarily travelling abroad; and Thai civil/military/diplomatic officers and their families who normally have their offices in foreign countries. |
All Thai nationals residing in Thailand on the census date; foreign civilians who normally reside in Thailand or who temporarily reside in Thailand 3 months or more before the census date; any individual who has normally resided in Thailand but was away for military training, sailing, or temporarily travelling abroad; and Thai civil/military/diplomatic officers and their families who normally have their offices in foreign countries. |
All Thai nationals residing in Thailand on the census date; foreign civilians who normally reside in Thailand or who temporarily reside in Thailand 3 months or more before the census date; any individual who has normally resided in Thailand but was away for military training, sailing, or temporarily travelling abroad; and Thai civil/military/diplomatic officers and their families who normally have their offices in foreign countries. |
| De jure or de facto |
De jure (except for students) |
De jure (except for students) |
De jure (except for students) |
De jure (except for students) |
| Enumeration unit |
Households |
Households |
Households |
Households |
| Census day |
April 1, 1970 |
April 1, 1980 |
April 1, 1990 |
April 1, 2000 |
| Field work period |
April 2, 1970 - April 29, 1970 |
April 1980 |
April 1990 |
April 1-30, 2000 |
| Enumeration forms used |
Information on household and population characteristics were collected using Enumeration Form 2, which consists of four parts. Part 1 identifies location of the household. Part 2 contains population questions that are asked of the individuals living in the household. Part 3 collects information on temporary visitors with usual residence elsewhere. Part 4 contains housing questions that are asked of private households only. |
The population was enumerated with Form 2. There were two types of Form 2: (i) A Short Form which was used to collect information on 11 population characteristics for every household, and (ii) a Long Form with 26 population questions and 18 housing questions. Part 1 of the Long Form identifies the household; Part 2 collects information on the individuals; and Part 3 contains housing questions which were asked of private households only. For Bangkok and all non-municipal areas, the enumeration was carried out in two stages. In stage one, private households were enumerated using the Short Form, while collective households were enumerated using the Long Form (but were not asked questions on housing characteristics). In stage two, a 20% of private households were selected for another enumeration with the Long Form. For all other municipal areas, all persons and households were enumerated using the Long Form, but collective households were not asked detailed housing questions. |
The population was enumerated with Form 2. There are two types of Form 2: (i) the Short Form which is used to collect information on 10 population questions and 3 housing questions; and (ii) the Long Form which contains 26 population questions and 16 housing questions. Part 1 of the Long Form identifies the household; Part 2 contains population questions; and Part 3 contains housing questions which are asked only of private households. One-fifth of the households and population in Bangkok and non-municipal areas were enumerated with the long-form while all households and population in the other municipal areas were enumerated with the long-form. |
The population was enumerated with Form 2, which consists of three parts. Part 1 identifies the location of the household. Part 2 contains questions on population including questions on demography (S1-S16) and questions on detail of population (L17-L27). Part 3 contains housing questions that are asked of the sample private households only. Note: (i) Only Part 1 and questions on demography (S1-S16) of Part 2 in Form 2 were asked of the private households that have not been selected as sample households. (ii) For the private households that have been selected as sample private households (20%), all questions in Form 2 were asked. (iii) All collective households were enumerated using Form 2 on Part 1 (location of household) and Part 2 (questions on demography and on details of population), but questions on housing were not asked. |
| Type of field work |
Direct enumeration via house-to-house visits and personal interviews. |
Direct enumeration via house-to-house visits and personal interviews. |
Direct enumeration via house-to-house visits and personal interviews. |
Direct enumeration via house-to-house visits and personal interviews. |
| Respondent |
The head or representative of the household. |
The head or representative of the household. |
The head or representative of the household. |
All members of hosueholds; or the head or the most senior member of the household. |
| Coverage |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Microdata sample characteristics |
| |
1970 |
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
| Microdata source |
National Statistical Office |
National Statistical Office |
National Statistical Office |
National Statistical Office |
| Sample design |
Population characteristics were obtained for persons in every household while household characteristics were collected for every household in municipal areas but only for 25% of households in villages. |
The sample was obtained by drawing a stratified sample of "Long Form" questionnaires. The strata were Bangkok and the four regions (Central, North, Northeastern, South) of Thailand, cross-classified by municipal and nonmunicipal areas. |
The sample was enumerated with the Long Form questionnaires, and was selected with different sampling fractions from 9 strata. The strata are municipal and non-municipal areas in the four major regions(Central, North, Northeastern, South) with Bangkok as a separate regions. The sample was selected in a two-stage process. In the first stage, enumeration districts (EDs) were selected within each of the 9 strata. For Bangkok and other municipal areas, 40% of all EDs were selected. For non-municipal areas, 20% of EDs were selected. In the second stage, households were selected within EDs with different selection rules for private and collective households. For private households, 25% of households in Bangkok and non-municipal areas were selected, while 5% of households in other municipal areas were selected. For collective households, a 5% sample is selected across all strata. |
A stratified two-stage sample was adopted. 5 strata were Bangkok and the four regions (Central, North, Northeastern, South), and each stratum was divided into municipal areas and non-municipal areas. Then, the sample was selected in two stages. In stage one, a number of sample enumeration districts (EDs) were selected systematically in each sub-stratum with sampling fraction of 1 in 20. In stage two, a sample of households was selected systematically from each sample ED as follows. For private households, one-fifth of households in each ED were selected. For collective households, one-fifth of special households and one fiftth of institutional households were selected in each sub-stratum (municipal and non-municipal areas. |
| Sample unit |
Household |
Household |
Household |
Household |
| Sample fraction |
2% |
1% |
1% |
1% |
| Sample size (person records) |
772,169 |
388,141 |
485,100 |
604,519 |
| Sample weights |
Calculated by the NSO based on the sample design. |
Calculated by the NSO based on stratified sample design. |
Calculated by the NSO based on stratified sample design. |
Calculated by the NSO based on stratified sample design. |
| Unit Definitions (Census) |
| |
1970 |
1980 |
1990 |
2000 |
| Dwellings |
Buildings or construction structures used for living, including boats, boathouses, and cars. |
Buildings or construction structures, boats, rafts, and cars used as a living place. |
Buildings or any constructed structures including boat, houseboat, or truck in which a person can live. |
Building or any construction structures including boat, houseboat, and truck at which a person can live. |
| Households |
A household is one person or many persons living in the same house, and these persons together seek for, consume, and utilize all facilities for a living, regardless of whether they are relatives or not. |
A household refers to one person or many persons living in the same house. They seek for, consume, and utilize all facilities together for a living, regardless of whether they are relatives or not. |
A household refers to one person or many persons who live in the same house or the same constructed structure. They seek for, consume, and utilize all facilities together for their benefit, regardless of whether they are related or not. |
A household refers to the living one person or many persons in the same house or the same construction structure. They seek for, consume, and utilize all facilities together for their benefit, regardless of whether they are related or not. |
| Group quarters |
Households that consist of several people living together because of certain rules or regulations indicating that these people must live together, or needed to stay together for their own benefit; these include institutions and other collective households. These people may or may not eat together. |
Households which compose of several people living together because of certain rules or regulations indicating that they must live together, or needed to stay together for their own benefit. There are two kinds: instituted households [institutions] and special households. |
Households that consist of several people living together because of certain rules or regulations indicating that those people must live together or need to stay together for their own benefits. These includes institutions and other collective households. |
Household which compose of several people living together because of having certain rule or regulation which indicated that those people must live together or needed to stay together for their own benefit. There are two kinds of collective households: institutions and other collective households [also called 'special households' in this sample] |
