Codes and Frequencies
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Explore how IPUMS created this variable
Most IPUMS data transformations are performed using variable harmonization tables that specify how each value in the source data is recoded. Some variables also require programming logic in addition to the harmonization table. The harmonization documents for this variable are:
- Complex/technical variable: contact ipums@umn.edu for details.
Description
GEOMIG1_P indicates the major administrative unit in which the person previously resided prior to the survey. Only intra-national migrations are recorded; however, the variable incorporates geographies for every country that lists place of previous residence, to enable comparative analysis of subnational migration. Foreign migrants are coded 097 or 997. Codes for GEOMIG1_1 match the geographic codes in GEOLEV1 (current place of residence).
For similar information for different time intervals since migration, see variables GEOMIG1_1, GEOMIG1_5, and GEOMIG1_10. More on migration and geography can be found here.
Comparability — General
The major administrative level of geography differs between countries both terminologically and in terms of scale. The first three digits of GEOMIG1_P provide the country code (COUNTRY); the last three digits specify the geographic unit within country. Leading zeros are used when the geographical unit within the country requires less than three digits. Unknown geographical units in any country are assigned the highest possible code within the country.
This variable is comparable across samples, although the number of geographic units specified varies considerably. See the country-specific comparability discussions for more information of each specific country.
Universe
- Armenia 2001: Persons who did not live in their birthplaces
- Armenia 2011: Persons who ever lived outside their current locality of residence
- Belarus 1999: Persons not born in their current place of residence
- Belarus 2009: Persons who arrived in their current district less than 5 years ago
- Benin 1979: All persons
- Benin 1992: Residents
- Benin 2002: Residents
- Benin 2013: Residents
- Brazil 1960: All persons
- Brazil 1970: All persons
- Brazil 1980: All persons
- Brazil 1991: All persons
- Brazil 2000: All persons
- Brazil 2010: All persons
- Cambodia 1998: All persons
- Cambodia 2004: All persons
- Cambodia 2008: All persons
- Cambodia 2013: Present Persons
- Cambodia 2019: All persons
- Cameroon 1976: All persons
- Cameroon 1987: Persons in private households
- Cameroon 2005: Residents of the household
- Chile 1960: Migrants
- Colombia 1964: All persons
- Colombia 1973: All persons
- Costa Rica 1963: All persons
- Cuba 2002: All persons
- Cuba 2012: All persons
- Ecuador 1962: All persons
- Ecuador 1974: All persons
- Ecuador 1982: All persons
- Egypt 1986: All persons
- Egypt 1996: All persons
- Egypt 2006: Non-visitors
- El Salvador 1992: Persons who ever lived in a different canton
- El Salvador 2007: Persons who ever lived in a different canton
- Ethiopia 2007: Long form respondents
- France 1962: All persons
- France 1968: All persons
- France 1975: All persons
- France 1982: All persons
- France 1990: All persons
- France 1999: All persons
- Guatemala 1964: All persons
- Guatemala 1981: All persons
- Guatemala 1994: All persons
- Guinea 1996: Household residents
- Guinea 2014: All persons
- Haiti 1971: All persons
- Indonesia 1971: Persons who have lived in another province
- Indonesia 1980: Persons who have lived in another province
- Indonesia 1985: Persons who have lived in another regency/municipality
- Indonesia 1990: Persons who have lived in another province
- Indonesia 1995: Persons who have lived in another regency/municipality
- Indonesia 2005: Persons who have lived in another regency/municipality
- Iran 2006: Present Persons
- Iran 2011: All persons
- Iraq 1997: All persons
- Jamaica 1982: Persons in private households or selected group quarters, born in Jamaica
- Jamaica 1991: Persons in private households or selected group quarters, born in Jamaica
- Jamaica 2001: Persons who were born in Jamaica
- Jordan 2004: All Persons
- Kyrgyzstan 1999: All persons
- Laos 2015: All Persons
- Malawi 2008: Non-visitors
- Mali 1998: Non-visitors
- Mali 2009: Persons whose previous residence was in Mali
- Mexico 1960: Persons not living in their state of birth
- Mexico 1970: Persons not living in their state of birth
- Mexico 1995: Persons not living in their state of birth
- Mongolia 2000: All persons
- Mongolia 2010: All persons
- Mongolia 2020: All Persons who answered the long form questionnaire
- Myanmar 2014: Persons not living in institutional households
- Panama 1960: All persons
- Panama 1970: All persons
- Panama 1980: All persons except those in indigenous dwellings
- Panama 2000: All persons
- Panama 2010: All persons
- Philippines 1990: Persons age 5+ born in a different municipality
- Romania 1977: Persons born in a different locality
- Romania 1992: Persons born in a different county
- Romania 2002: Persons born in a different county
- Rwanda 1991: Non-visitors who changed their residence
- Rwanda 2002: Non-visitors who changed their residence
- Saint Lucia 1980: All persons
- Saint Lucia 1991: All persons
- Slovenia 2002: All persons
- South Africa 2007: Persons in private households
- South Africa 2011: Persons in private households
- South Africa 2016: Persons with usual residence in South Africa
- Spain 1991: Persons who resided in another municipality within the past 10 years
- Spain 2001: Persons who resided in a different municipality in the past
- Spain 2011: All persons
- Suriname 2012: All persons
- Thailand 1970: Persons age 5+ who changed province in the past 5 years
- Thailand 1980: Persons age 5+ who changed province in the past 5 years
- Thailand 1990: Persons who changed province in the past 5 years
- Thailand 2000: Persons who changed province in the past 5 years
- Togo 2010: Non-visitors
- Trinidad and Tobago 1970: All persons
- Uganda 1991: All persons
- Uganda 2002: All persons
- Uganda 2014: All persons
- Ukraine 2001: Non- temporary residents who have not lived in current residence since birth
- Uruguay 1963: Persons who ever lived outside the department of residence
- Uruguay 2006: Persons in the fourth sample trimester who ever lived in a different locality
- Uruguay 2011: Persons who ever lived outside the department of residence
- Venezuela 1971: Persons who ever moved from their current state of residence
- Venezuela 1981: Persons who ever moved from their current populated area
- Venezuela 1990: Persons who ever moved from their current populated area
Availability
- Armenia: 2001, 2011
- Belarus: 1999, 2009
- Benin: 1979, 1992, 2002, 2013
- Brazil: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000, 2010
- Cambodia: 1998, 2004, 2008, 2013, 2019
- Cameroon: 1976, 1987, 2005
- Chile: 1960
- Colombia: 1964, 1973
- Costa Rica: 1963
- Cuba: 2002, 2012
- Ecuador: 1962, 1974, 1982
- Egypt: 1986, 1996, 2006
- El Salvador: 1992, 2007
- Ethiopia: 2007
- France: 1962, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1990, 1999
- Guatemala: 1964, 1981, 1994
- Guinea: 1996, 2014
- Haiti: 1971
- India: 1983, 1987, 1999
- Indonesia: 1971, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2005
- Iran: 2006, 2011
- Iraq: 1997
- Jamaica: 1982, 1991, 2001
- Jordan: 2004
- Kyrgyzstan: 1999
- Laos: 2015
- Malawi: 2008
- Mali: 1998, 2009
- Mexico: 1960, 1970, 1995, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2007Q2, 2008Q2, 2009Q1, 2010Q1, 2011Q1, 2012Q1, 2013Q1, 2014Q1, 2015Q1, 2016Q1, 2017Q1, 2018Q1, 2019Q1, 2020Q1
- Mongolia: 2000, 2010, 2020
- Myanmar: 2014
- Panama: 1960, 1970, 1980, 2000, 2010
- Philippines: 1990
- Romania: 1977, 1992, 2002
- Rwanda: 1991, 2002
- Saint Lucia: 1980, 1991
- Slovenia: 2002
- South Africa: 2007, 2011, 2016
- Spain: 1991, 2001, 2011
- Suriname: 2012
- Thailand: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
- Togo: 2010
- Trinidad and Tobago: 1970
- Uganda: 1991, 2002, 2014
- Ukraine: 2001
- Uruguay: 1963, 2006, 2011
- Venezuela: 1971, 1981, 1990
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