Codes and Frequencies
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Explore how IPUMS created this variable
Most IPUMS data transformations are performed using variable harmonization tables that specify how each value in the source data is recoded. Some variables also require programming logic in addition to the harmonization table. The harmonization documents for this variable are:
- Complex/technical variable: contact ipums@umn.edu for details.
Description
GEOMIG1_1 indicates the major administrative unit in which the person resided one year prior to the survey. Only intra-national migrations are recorded; however, the variable incorporates geographies for every country that lists place of residence one year ago, to enable comparative analysis of subnational migration. Foreign migrants are coded 097 or 997. Codes for GEOMIG1_1 match the geographic codes in GEOLEV1 (current place of residence).
For similar information for different time intervals since migration, see variables GEOMIG1_P, GEOMIG1_5, and GEOMIG1_10. More on migration and geography can be found here.
Comparability — General
The major administrative level of geography differs between countries both terminologically and in terms of scale. The first three digits of GEOMIG1_1 provide the country code (COUNTRY); the last three digits specify the geographic unit within country. Leading zeros are used when the geographical unit within the country requires less than three digits. Unknown geographical units in any country are assigned the highest possible code within the country.
This variable is comparable across samples, although the number of geographic units specified varies considerably. See the country-specific comparability discussions for more information of each specific country.
Universe
- Austria 2011: Persons age 1+
- Botswana 1981: Present residents age 1+
- Botswana 1991: Persons age 1+
- Botswana 2001: Persons age 1+ except institutionalized non-residents
- Botswana 2011: Persons age 1+ except institutionalized non-residents
- Burkina Faso 1996: Persons age 1+
- Burkina Faso 2006: Persons age 1+
- Canada 1991: Persons age 1+ in private households who moved between census subdivisions, not external migrants
- Canada 2001: Persons age 1+ in private households who moved between census subdivisions, not external migrants
- Côte d'Ivoire 1988: Persons age 1+
- Côte d'Ivoire 1998: Persons age 1+
- Greece 1991: Persons age 1+
- Greece 2001: Persons age 1+
- Greece 2011: Persons age 1+
- Ireland 1981: Persons age 1+
- Ireland 1986: Persons age 1+
- Ireland 1991: Persons age 1+
- Ireland 1996: Persons age 1+
- Ireland 2002: Non-absent persons age 1+
- Ireland 2006: Non-absent persons age 1+
- Ireland 2011: Non-absent persons age 1+
- Kenya 1979: Persons age 1+
- Kenya 1989: Persons age 1+, except travellers and those receiving the short questionnaire
- Kenya 1999: Persons age 1+
- Kenya 2009: Persons age 1+
- Kenya 2019: Persons age 1+
- Malawi 1987: Persons age 1+
- Malawi 2018: Persons age 1+
- Mozambique 1997: Residents age 1+
- Mozambique 2007: Residents age 1+
- Mozambique 2017: Persons age 1+
- Papua New Guinea 1990: Persons age 1+
- Poland 2002: Persons age 1+ excluding those living abroad for 1 year or more
- Russia 2010: Persons age 1+ who moved within the last year
- Senegal 2013: Residents age 1+ in ordinary households
- South Sudan 2008: Persons age 1+
- Spain 1991: Persons age 1+
- Spain 2011: Persons age 1+
- Sudan 2008: All persons
- Tanzania 2002: Persons age 1+ living in private households
- Tanzania 2012: Persons age 1+
- Trinidad and Tobago 1990: Persons age 1+
- Trinidad and Tobago 2000: Persons age 1+
- United Kingdom 1991: All persons
- United Kingdom 2001: All persons except non-resident students
- United States 2005: Persons age 1+
- United States 2010: Persons age 1+
- United States 2015: Persons age 1+
- Zambia 1990: Persons age 1+
- Zambia 2000: Persons age 1+
- Zambia 2010: Present household members and visitors age 1+
Availability
- Austria: 2011
- Botswana: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
- Burkina Faso: 1996, 2006
- Canada: 1991, 2001
- Côte d'Ivoire: 1988, 1998
- Greece: 1991, 2001, 2011
- Ireland: 1981, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2006, 2011
- Italy: 2014Q1, 2015Q1, 2016Q1, 2017Q1, 2018Q1, 2019Q1, 2020Q1
- Kenya: 1979, 1989, 1999, 2009, 2019
- Malawi: 1987, 2018
- Mozambique: 1997, 2007, 2017
- Papua New Guinea: 1990
- Poland: 2002
- Russia: 2010
- Senegal: 2013
- South Sudan: 2008
- Spain: 1991, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3, 2019Q4, 2020Q1, 2020Q2, 2020Q3, 2020Q4
- Sudan: 2008
- Tanzania: 2002, 2012
- Trinidad and Tobago: 1990, 2000
- United Kingdom: 1991, 2001
- United States: 2005, 2010, 2015
- Zambia: 1990, 2000, 2010
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