Codes and Frequencies
An 'X' indicates the category is available for that sample
| Code | Label |
togo
1960
|
togo
1970
|
togo
2010
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 000 | NIU (not in universe) | · | · | X |
| 100 | None | X | X | X |
| 110 | Preschool | · | X | X |
| 120 | Koranic school | · | X | · |
| Primary | ||||
| 200 | Incomplete | · | X | · |
| 201 | Grade 1 | · | · | X |
| 202 | Grade 2 | · | · | X |
| 203 | Grade 3 | · | · | X |
| 204 | Grade 4 | · | · | X |
| 205 | Grade 5 | · | · | X |
| 206 | Grade 6 | X | X | X |
| 209 | Grade not specified | · | · | X |
| First cycle of secondary, general | ||||
| 310 | Incomplete | · | X | · |
| 311 | Grade 1 | · | · | X |
| 312 | Grade 2 | · | · | X |
| 313 | Grade 3 | · | · | X |
| 314 | Grade 4 | · | X | X |
| 319 | Grade not specified | · | · | X |
| Second cycle of secondary, general | ||||
| 320 | Incomplete | · | X | · |
| 321 | Grade 1 | · | · | X |
| 322 | Grade 2 | · | · | X |
| 323 | Grade 3 | X | X | X |
| Code | Label |
togo
1960
|
togo
1970
|
togo
2010
|
| 329 | Grade not specified | · | · | X |
| Second cycle of secondary, professional or technical | ||||
| 340 | Professional or technical school | · | X | · |
| 350 | Short cycle professional training | · | · | · |
| 351 | Year 1 | · | · | X |
| 352 | Year 2 | · | · | X |
| 353 | Year 3 | · | · | X |
| 359 | Year unknown | · | · | X |
| 360 | Long cycle professional training | · | · | · |
| 361 | Year 1 | · | · | X |
| 362 | Year 2 | · | · | X |
| 363 | Year 3 | · | · | X |
| 369 | Year not specified | · | · | X |
| 370 | Professional school | · | · | · |
| 371 | Year 1 | · | · | X |
| 372 | Year 2 | · | · | X |
| 373 | Year 3 | · | · | X |
| 374 | Year 4+ | · | · | X |
| 379 | Year not specified | · | · | X |
| 400 | Tertiary | · | X | · |
| 401 | Year 1 | · | · | X |
| 402 | Year 2 | · | · | X |
| 403 | Year 3 | · | · | X |
| 404 | Year 4 | · | · | X |
| 405 | Year 5 | · | · | X |
| Code | Label |
togo
1960
|
togo
1970
|
togo
2010
|
| 406 | Year 6 | · | · | X |
| 407 | Year 7 | · | · | X |
| 408 | Year 8 | · | · | X |
| 409 | Year not specified | · | · | X |
| 500 | Other | · | · | · |
| 501 | Year 1 | · | · | X |
| 502 | Year 2 | · | · | X |
| 503 | Year 3 | · | · | X |
| 504 | Year 4 | · | · | X |
| 505 | Year 5 | · | · | X |
| 506 | Year 6 | · | · | X |
| 509 | Year not specified | · | · | X |
| 999 | Unknown | X | X | X |
Can't find the category you are looking for? Try the Detailed codes
Explore how IPUMS created this variable
Most IPUMS data transformations are performed using variable harmonization tables that specify how each value in the source data is recoded. Some variables also require programming logic in addition to the harmonization table. The harmonization documents for this variable are:
- Harmonization table
- Supplemental programming
- Instructions for interpreting harmonization documents
class Eductg : public Editor {
public:
Eductg(VarPointer varInfo) : Editor(varInfo) {}
void edit() {
long a = getRecoded();
switch (dataSet) {
case dataset_id::tg2010a: {
if (TG2010A_0432() == 3 && TG2010A_0435() == 99)
a = 100;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 11)
a = 100;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 12)
a = 201;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 13)
a = 202;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 14)
a = 203;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 15)
a = 204;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 16)
a = 205;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 21)
a = 206;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 22)
a = 311;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 23)
a = 312;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 24)
a = 313;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 31)
a = 314;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 32)
a = 321;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 33)
a = 322;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && (TG2010A_0435() == 41 ||
TG2010A_0435() == 51 || TG2010A_0435() == 71))
a = 314;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && (TG2010A_0435() == 61 || TG2010A_0435() == 81))
a = 323;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 42)
a = 351;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 43)
a = 352;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 44)
a = 353;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 52)
a = 361;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 53)
a = 362;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 72)
a = 371;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 73)
a = 372;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 74)
a = 373;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 62)
a = 401;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 63)
a = 402;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 64)
a = 403;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 65)
a = 404;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 66)
a = 405;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 67)
a = 406;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 68)
a = 407;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 82)
a = 501;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 83)
a = 502;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 84)
a = 503;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 85)
a = 504;
if (TG2010A_0432() == 1 && TG2010A_0435() == 86)
a = 505;
} break;
}
setData(a);
}
};
Description
EDUCTG indicates the person's educational attainment in Togo in terms of the level of schooling completed.
Comparability — General
The education in Togo has a 6-4-3 or 6-4-2 system, including six years of primary, four years of a first cycle of secondary, and two to three years of a second cycle of secondary.
Primary education comprises six grades (1st to 6th), it begins at an age of 5 or 6 years, and graduates receive the certificate of primary school studies (CEPD).
The first cycle of general secondary lasts 4 years and leads to a certificate of graduation from junior secondary (BEPC). Graduates can enter then into the second cycle of general secondary or one of the three types of professional or technical schools.
The second cycle of general secondary lasts 3 years. Students take a national test called General Baccalaureate 1 at the end of the second year (BAC 1 or Probatorie). This certificate is a requirement to access the terminal grade. Secondary school graduates obtain the baccalaureate diploma after concluding the last year of the second cycle (grade 13) and passing the General Baccalaureate 2 (BAC 2).
The second cycle of the professional or technical track lasts 2 to 3 years. The general requirement for this level is to have the BEPC certificate. Graduates from the short cycle of professional training obtain the certificate of professional studies (BEP) or the Technician's Certificate (BT). Those who complete the long cycle of professional training (3 years) obtain the Technician's Baccalaureate (BAC G). The short cycle does not precede the long one.
The 1960 and 1970 samples do not provide information about the grade or year completed. The 1960 sample only identifies persons who attained the certificate of primary school (coded as primary, grade 6) and those who have a baccalaureate or further education (coded as second cycle of general secondary, grade 3). Thus, it is not possible to classify persons with incomplete primary or those who attended the first cycle of secondary education, while we effectively underestimate educational attainment for persons with more than a baccalaureate. In 1970, educational attainment is inferred from both the highest educational level or the highest certificate attained. The 2010 sample provides detailed information about the year and track in primary or secondary. In the 2010 sample, one year is subtracted for persons currently attending school in the primary and secondary levels to identify the grade completed.
Higher education includes university and non-university programs that last 2 to 3 years in most cases. Some university degrees' take more years such in the fields of engineering (5 years) and medicine (7 years).
Pre-school is identified in 1970 and 2010, and Koranic schools only in 1970. The 2010 sample includes a residual "other" category but it does not specify the types of education that it refers to.
Universe
- Togo 1960: All persons
- Togo 1970: All persons
- Togo 2010: Persons age 3+
Availability
- Togo: 1960, 1970, 2010
Questionnaire Text
| Togo 1960 |
| Togo 1970 |
| Togo 2010 |
[] Certificate of education
For those who know how to read and write a language record this language, for example:
[] French
[] English
[] None
This information gives rise to two distinct encryptions (See code number 7).
b) The languages spoken, read and written, according to the 2nd part of code number 7 (3 figures).
In this second part will be entered:
- If two languages or more have been indicated, enter the sum of the numbers of the code specified for each of them:
For example:
French, English, Ewé will be entered 035 (001 + 002 + 032)
Finally, if in column 11 of the collective sheet only one diploma has been recorded such as B.E. or C.E or another French diploma, French will automatically be entered as a language written and read: so, there will always be in this case for the encryption as a whole:
If C.E.: 400 1, unless another language is noted in column 11.
____ 12b. Level
2 - Primary school
3 - First cycle of secondary school
4 - Second cycle of secondary school
5 - Professional and technical school
6 - Higher education (university)
In column 12b, you will again indicate the level of education for the same person, by writing down the corresponding number from this list of categories:
2 - Went to school, but did not obtain a "CEPE" (Certificate of primary elementary studies)
3 - "CEPE" level
4 - "BEPC" (Certificate of first-cycle studies), "BE", "BI", "CAP" (Certificate of professional ability) levels
5 - Probationary level
6 - Completed "BAC" (Baccalaureate)
7 - Higher education level
8 - Undeclared
____ 12b. Level
2 - Primary school
3 - First cycle of secondary school
4 - Second cycle of secondary school
5 - Professional and technical school
6 - Higher education (university)
In column 12b, you will again indicate the level of education for the same person, by writing down the corresponding number from this list of categories:
2 - Went to school, but did not obtain a "CEPE" (Certificate of primary elementary studies)
3 - "CEPE" level
4 - "BEPC" (Certificate of first-cycle studies), "BE", "BI", "CAP" (Certificate of professional ability) levels
5 - Probationary level
6 - Completed "BAC" (Baccalaureate)
7 - Higher education level
8 - Undeclared
For those who are currently attending (FA) or have attended (AF), see P16
[Questions P17 and P18 were asked of persons who are currently attending or have attended school.]
(P17) Cycle
[] 1 Primary
[] 2 Secondary 1st Cycle (6th, 5th, 4th, 3rd)
[] 3 Secondary 2nd Cycle (2nd, 1st, Tle)
[] 4 Short cycle professional training
[] 5 Long cycle technical teaching
[] 6 Higher education
[] 7 Professional school
[] 8 Other (specify)
(19) Last class attended _ _
The questions on education concern educational attendance (column P16) and the level of instruction (columns P17 and P18). They are addressed to the resident population aged 3 and over and all those born before November 2007. For children under 3 or those born after November 2007, put a dash on the dotted lines. Check to this end column P06, that is, the date of birth or the age.
Column P17: Cycle attained
Column P17 concerns the cycle attained or the current cycle of the person surveyed. To all persons aged 3 or more who currently attend, that is P16 = 1 (FA) or who have once gone P16 = 2 (AF), pose the following question: "What is the level of instruction attained by [the respondent]?" Record the code corresponding to the response according to the modalities below:
[p. 34]
1 PRIM = Primary
2 SEC1 = First cycle of secondary (6th, 5th, 4th, and 3rd)
3 SEC2 = Second cycle of secondary (2nd, 1st, and Terminal)
4 FPCC = Short cycle professional training
5 ETCL = Long cycle technical education
6 ES = Higher education (university)
7 EP = Professional school
8 Other (specify)
Record the abbreviation corresponding to the response declared on the dotted lines and the corresponding code in the appropriate box.
NB 26:
- In addition to University, Higher Education also covers schools entered with the level BAC II. Such as the schools of BTS, EAMAU, École Normale Supérieure (ENS), Ecole Nationale d'Administration (ENA), Ecole Nationale des Instituteurs (ENI), Ecole Nationale des Sages-femmes (ENSF), Ecole Nationale des Auxiliaires Médicaux (ENAM), Ecole de Formation des Officiers des Forces Armées Togolaise (EFOFAT), Ecole Nationale de Formation Sociale (ENFS), Institut National de Jeunesse et Sport (INJS) and the Institut Africaine d'Informatique Togo (IAI-Togo).
- Professional schools are schools entered with a level below BAC II, such as the Ecole des Aides-Infirmiers de SOKODE.
Column P18: Last class attended
Column P18 concerns the last class followed by the person surveyed.
For those currently attending, record on the dotted lines the current class and for those who have attended, record the last class followed on the dotted lines and record nothing in the grey box.
NB 27: Take into account conventional school only. The latter excludes biblical and Koranic schools, training received in workshops of apprenticeship (informal sector: hairdressing, dressmaking, joinery, masonry, and so on). However, the conventional school does include technical or professional training received in apprenticeship centers such as: Centre Régional d'Enseignement Technique et de Formation Professionnelle (CRETFP), Centre d'Enseignement Technique (CET), Centre de Formation Technique et Professionnelle (CFTP), Centre d'Enseignement Artistique et Artisanal (CEAA) and private training centers (ANCILA, STYLE TAHITI, EANICK - EYAMOD).
[p. 35]
- For those who state that they have attended an educational system other than the Togolese system (Anglophone system for example), you should try to record in full on the dotted lines the declaration (last class attended) of the respondent.
Columns P19 to P23 concern literacy and the economic activity and only concern resident persons aged 6 and over (check the age in column P06). For children under 6, put dashes.