SPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable.

0 = No spouse of this person present in the household.
1 or higher = The person number of this person's spouse

Description

SPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's spouse lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number (PERNUM) of the spouse. SPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of (probable) spouses.

The method by which probable spouse-spouse links are identified is described in SPRULE.

The general design of SPLOC and other constructed variables is modeled on the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships", but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of SPLOC, see the Comparability section of SPRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology.

Comparability — Index

Comparability — General

SPLOC is comparable across samples, but the quality of specific links is dependent on the relationship information available in each dataset. See SPRULE.

In polygamous unions, each female spouse identifies the husband's person number in SPLOC. The husband in polygamous unions links to the first female spouse that links to him, which will generally be the most proximate in the data. The variables POLYMAL and POLY2ND identify males with more than one wife linked to them and females who are the second or higher order linked wife of a man.

The samples containing SPLOC have corresponding variables that identify each person's mother (MOMLOC) and father (POPLOC).

No constructed family interrelationship variables are available for the individual-level samples that do not contain entire households of persons (see the samples page "notes" column.).

Universe

Availability

• Argentina: 1970, 1980, 1991, 2001
• Armenia: 2001, 2011
• Austria: 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001
• Bangladesh: 1991, 2001, 2011
• Belarus: 1999, 2009
• Benin: 1979, 1992, 2002, 2013
• Bolivia: 1976, 1992, 2001, 2012
• Botswana: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
• Brazil: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000, 2010
• Burkina Faso: 1996, 2006
• Cambodia: 1998, 2004, 2008, 2013, 2019
• Cameroon: 1976, 1987, 2005
• Canada: 1891, 1901, 1911, 2011
• Chile: 1970, 1982, 1992, 2002
• China: 1982, 1990, 2000
• Colombia: 1973, 1985, 1993, 2005
• Costa Rica: 1973, 1984, 2000, 2011
• Cuba: 2002, 2012
• Côte d'Ivoire: 1988, 1998
• Denmark: 1787, 1801, 1845, 1880, 1885
• Dominican Republic: 1981, 2002, 2010
• Ecuador: 1974, 1982, 1990, 2001, 2010
• Egypt: 1986, 1996, 2006
• El Salvador: 1992, 2007
• Ethiopia: 1984, 1994, 2007
• Fiji: 1976, 1986, 1996, 2007, 2014
• France: 1962, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1990, 1999, 2006, 2011
• Germany: 1971, 1981, 1987
• Ghana: 2000, 2010
• Greece: 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001
• Guatemala: 1964, 1973, 1981, 1994, 2002
• Guinea: 1983, 1996, 2014
• Haiti: 1971, 1982, 2003
• Honduras: 1974, 1988, 2001
• Hungary: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2001, 2011
• Iceland: 1703, 1729, 1801, 1901, 1910
• India: 1983, 1987, 1993, 1999, 2004, 2009
• Indonesia: 1971, 1976, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010
• Iran: 2006, 2011
• Iraq: 1997
• Ireland: 1901, 1911, 1971, 1979, 1981, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2006, 2011, 2016
• Israel: 1972, 1983, 1995
• Italy: 2001, 2011, 2011Q1, 2012Q1, 2013Q1, 2014Q1, 2015Q1, 2016Q1, 2017Q1, 2018Q1, 2019Q1, 2020Q1
• Jamaica: 1982, 1991, 2001
• Jordan: 2004
• Kenya: 1969, 1989, 1999, 2009
• Kyrgyzstan: 1999, 2009
• Laos: 1995, 2005, 2015
• Lesotho: 1996, 2006
• Liberia: 2008
• Malawi: 1987, 1998, 2008
• Malaysia: 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000
• Mali: 1987, 1998, 2009
• Mauritius: 1990, 2000, 2011
• Mexico: 1970, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3, 2019Q4, 2020, 2020Q1, 2020Q3
• Mongolia: 1989, 2000
• Morocco: 1982, 1994, 2004, 2014
• Mozambique: 1997, 2007
• Myanmar: 2014
• Nepal: 2001, 2011
• Nicaragua: 1971, 1995, 2005
• Nigeria: 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
• Norway: 1801, 1865, 1875, 1900, 1910
• Pakistan: 1973, 1998
• Palestine: 1997, 2007, 2017
• Panama: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010
• Papua New Guinea: 1980, 1990, 2000
• Paraguay: 1962, 1972, 1982, 1992, 2002
• Peru: 1993, 2007, 2017
• Philippines: 1990, 1995, 2000, 2010
• Poland: 1978, 2002
• Portugal: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
• Puerto Rico: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020
• Romania: 1977, 1992, 2002, 2011
• Russia: 2002, 2010
• Rwanda: 1991, 2002, 2012
• Saint Lucia: 1980, 1991
• Senegal: 1988, 2002, 2013
• Sierra Leone: 2004, 2015
• Slovenia: 2002
• South Africa: 1996, 2001, 2007, 2011, 2016
• South Sudan: 2008
• Spain: 1991, 2001, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3, 2019Q4, 2020Q1, 2020Q2, 2020Q3, 2020Q4
• Sudan: 2008
• Suriname: 2012
• Sweden: 1880, 1890, 1900, 1910
• Switzerland: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
• Tanzania: 1988, 2002, 2012
• Thailand: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
• Togo: 1960, 1970, 2010
• Trinidad and Tobago: 1970, 1980, 2000, 2011
• Turkey: 1985, 1990, 2000
• Uganda: 1991, 2002, 2014
• United Kingdom: 1851a, 1851b, 1851c, 1861a, 1861b, 1871b, 1881a, 1881b, 1891a, 1891b, 1901a, 1901b, 1911, 1991
• United States: 1850a, 1850b, 1860, 1870, 1880a, 1880b, 1900, 1910, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020
• Uruguay: 1963, 1975, 1985, 1996, 2006, 2011
• Venezuela: 1971, 1981, 1990, 2001
• Vietnam: 1989, 1999, 2009, 2019
• Zambia: 1990, 2000, 2010
• Zimbabwe: 2012