IPUMS-I: descr: OCCISCO

Select samples

OCCISCO

Occupation, ISCO general

Codes and Frequencies

Category availability view
Case-count view

An 'X' indicates the category is available for that sample

Code	Label	argent 1970	argent 1980	armen 2011	austria 1971	austria 1981	austria 1991	austria 2001	belaru 1999	belaru 2009	benin 1979	benin 1992	benin 2002	benin 2013	boliv 1976	boliv 1992	Code	Label	boliv 2001	boliv 2012	botsw 1981	botsw 1991	botsw 2001	botsw 2011	brazil 1960	brazil 1970	brazil 1980	brazil 1991	brazil 2000	brazil 2010	bfaso 1985	bfaso 1996	cambo 1998	Code	Label	cambo 2004	cambo 2008	cambo 2013	cambo 2019	camer 1976	camer 2005	canada 1971	canada 1981	canada 1991	canada 2001	canada 2011	chile 1960	chile 1970	chile 1982	chile 1992	Code	Label	chile 2002	china 1982	china 1990	china 2000	colom 1964	colom 1973	costar 1973	costar 1984	costar 2000	costar 2011	cuba 2002	cuba 2012	cotdiv 1998	domrep 1960	domrep 1970	Code	Label	domrep 1981	domrep 2002	domrep 2010	ecuad 1962	ecuad 1974	ecuad 1982	ecuad 1990	ecuad 2001	ecuad 2010	egypt 1986	egypt 1996	egypt 2006	elsalv 1992	elsalv 2007	ethiop 1984	Code	Label	ethiop 1994	fiji 1976	fiji 1986	fiji 1996	fiji 2007	fiji 2014	finland 2010	france 1962	france 1968	france 1975	france 1982	france 1990	france 1999	france 2006	france 2011	Code	Label	germ 1970	germ 1981	germ 1987	ghana 1984	ghana 2000	ghana 2010	greece 1971	greece 1981	greece 1991	greece 2001	greece 2011	guatem 1964	guatem 1973	guatem 1981	guatem 1994	Code	Label	guatem 2002	guine 1983	guine 1996	guine 2014	haiti 1982	haiti 2003	hondur 1961	hondur 1974	hondur 1988	hondur 2001	hondur 2013	hungar 1970	hungar 1980	hungar 1990	hungar 2001	Code	Label	hungar 2011	indon 1971	indon 1976	indon 1980	indon 1985	indon 1990	indon 1995	indon 2005	iran 2006	iran 2011	iraq 1997	irelan 1971	irelan 1981	irelan 1986	irelan 1991	Code	Label	irelan 1996	irelan 2002	irelan 2006	irelan 2011	italy 2001	italy 2011	jamai 1982	jamai 1991	jamai 2001	jord 2004	kenya 1989	kenya 2019	kyrgz 1999	lesoth 1996	lesoth 2006	Code	Label	liber 1974	liber 2008	malaw 1987	malaw 1998	malaw 2008	malaw 2018	malay 1970	malay 1980	malay 1991	malay 2000	mali 1987	mali 1998	mali 2009	maurit 1990	maurit 2000	Code	Label	maurit 2011	mexico 1960	mexico 1970	mexico 1990	mexico 1995	mexico 2000	mexico 2010	mexico 2015	mong 2000	mong 2010	mong 2020	moroc 1982	moroc 1994	moroc 2004	moroc 2014	Code	Label	mozam 1997	mozam 2007	mozam 2017	myanm 2014	nepal 2001	nepal 2011	nether 2001	nether 2011	nicar 1971	nicar 1995	nicar 2005	pakist 1973	palest 1997	palest 2007	palest 2017	Code	Label	panam 1960	panam 1970	panam 1980	panam 1990	panam 2000	panam 2010	papua 1980	papua 1990	papua 2000	paragu 1962	paragu 1972	paragu 1982	paragu 1992	paragu 2002	peru 1993	Code	Label	peru 2007	peru 2017	philipp 1990	philipp 2000	philipp 2010	poland 2002	portug 1981	portug 1991	portug 2001	portug 2011	puerto 1970	puerto 1980	puerto 1990	puerto 2000	puerto 2005	Code	Label	puerto 2010	puerto 2015	puerto 2020	roman 1992	roman 2002	roman 2011	rwand 2002	rwand 2012	stluc 1991	seneg 1988	seneg 2002	seneg 2013	sleone 2004	sleone 2015	slovak 1991	Code	Label	slovak 2001	slovak 2011	slov 2002	safrica 1996	safrica 2001	safrica 2007	sosud 2008	spain 1981	spain 1991	spain 2001	spain 2011	sudan 2008	surina 2004	surina 2012	switz 1970	Code	Label	switz 1980	switz 1990	switz 2000	switz 2011	tanz 1988	tanz 2002	tanz 2012	thai 1970	thai 1980	thai 1990	thai 2000	togo 1960	togo 1970	togo 2010	trintob 1980	Code	Label	trintob 1990	trintob 2000	turke 1985	turke 1990	turke 2000	uganda 1991	uganda 2002	uk 1961	uk 1971	uk 1991	uk 2001	usa 1960	usa 1970	usa 1980	usa 1990	Code	Label	usa 2000	usa 2005	usa 2010	usa 2015	usa 2020	urug 1963	urug 1975	urug 1985	urug 1996	urug 2006	venez 1981	venez 1990	venez 2001	vietn 1999	vietn 2009	Code	Label	vietn 2019	zambia 1990	zambia 2000	zambia 2010	zimbab 2012
01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	01	Legislators, senior officials and managers	X	X	X	X	X
02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	02	Professionals	X	X	X	X	X
03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	03	Technicians and associate professionals	X	X	X	X	X
04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	04	Clerks	X	X	X	X	X
05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	05	Service workers and shop and market sales	X	X	X	X	X
06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	06	Skilled agricultural and fishery workers	X	X	X	X	X
07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	07	Crafts and related trades workers	X	X	X	X	X
08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	08	Plant and machine operators and assemblers	X	X	X	X	X
09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	09	Elementary occupations	X	X	X	X	X
10	Armed forces	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	·	X	·	·	·	X	·	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	X	10	Armed forces	X	·	·	·	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	X	X	·	10	Armed forces	X	·	X	·	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	X	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	·	·	X	·	X	X	·	·	X	X	·	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	·	X	X	·	X	X	·	·	X	·	·	X	10	Armed forces	·	X	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	·	10	Armed forces	·	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	10	Armed forces	X	·	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	X	X	·	·	·	·	10	Armed forces	·	X	·	X	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	·	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	·	·	X	·	10	Armed forces	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	10	Armed forces	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	10	Armed forces	·	·	·	X	X
11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	X	X	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	X	·	·	X	·	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	X	·	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	X	X	X	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	X	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	X	·	·	X	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	X	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	·	·	11	Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.	·	·	·	·	X
97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	X	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	X	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	X	97	Response suppressed	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	97	Response suppressed	·	X	·	·	·
98	Unknown	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	98	Unknown	X	X	·	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	98	Unknown	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	·	98	Unknown	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	98	Unknown	X	X	·	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	·	98	Unknown	X	·	·	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	98	Unknown	X	·	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	·	X	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	98	Unknown	·	·	·	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	·	98	Unknown	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	98	Unknown	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	98	Unknown	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	98	Unknown	·	X	X	X	X
99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	99	NIU (not in universe)	X	X	X	X	X

Explore how IPUMS created this variable

Download


      class Occisco : public Editor {

public:
  Occisco(VarPointer varInfo) : Editor(varInfo) {}
  void edit() {

    long a = getRecoded();
    switch (dataSet) {
    case dataset_id::co1964a: {
      if (CO1964A_0417() == 999999)
        a = 99;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::mx1960a: {
      if (MX1960A_0415() == 0 && (MX1960A_0421() == 2 || MX1960A_0421() == 5)) {
        a = 6;
      }
    } break;
    case dataset_id::at1971a: {
      if (AT1971A_0416() == 3)
        a = 99;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::at1981a: {
      if (AT1981A_0416() == 3)
        a = 99;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::at1991a: {
      if (AT1991A_0421() == 2)
        a = 99;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::at2001a: {
      if (AT2001A_0422() == 3)
        a = 99;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::vn1999a: {
      if (VN1999A_0429() == 921)
        a = 6;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::it2011h:
    case dataset_id::it2012h:
    case dataset_id::it2013h:
    case dataset_id::it2014h:
    case dataset_id::it2015h:
    case dataset_id::it2016h:
    case dataset_id::it2017h:
    case dataset_id::it2018h:
    case dataset_id::it2019h:
    case dataset_id::it2020h: {
      long occcraft = valueFromFirstAvailable(
          {IT2011H_0690_ref, IT2012H_0690_ref, IT2013H_0690_ref,
           IT2014H_0690_ref, IT2015H_0690_ref, IT2016H_0690_ref,
           IT2017H_0690_ref, IT2018H_0690_ref, IT2019H_0690_ref,
           IT2020H_0690_ref});
      long indagri = valueFromFirstAvailable(
          {IT2011H_0729_ref, IT2012H_0729_ref, IT2013H_0729_ref,
           IT2014H_0729_ref, IT2015H_0729_ref, IT2016H_0729_ref,
           IT2017H_0729_ref, IT2018H_0729_ref, IT2019H_0729_ref,
           IT2020H_0729_ref});
      if (occcraft == 6 && indagri == 1) {
        a = 6;
      }
    } break;
    case dataset_id::sn2013a: {
      if (SN2013A_0479() == 98 && SN2013A_0470() >= 3 && SN2013A_0470() <= 8)
        a = 99;
    } break;
    }

    setData(a);
  }
};

Comparability — Index

GENERAL
Argentina
Armenia
Austria
Belarus
Benin
Bolivia
Botswana
Brazil
Burkina Faso
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Côte d'Ivoire
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
France
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala

Guinea
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Italy
Jamaica
Jordan
Kenya
Kyrgyzstan
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Mauritius
Mexico
Mongolia
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Nepal
Netherlands
Nicaragua
Pakistan
Palestine
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay

Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Romania
Rwanda
Saint Lucia
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Slovakia
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sudan
Suriname
Switzerland
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Trinidad and Tobago
Turkey
Uganda
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Comparability — General

The classification of occupations differs across countries and within countries over time. The OCCISCO coding scheme provides a common standard to ease comparison across time and space. It is unavoidably imprecise because some samples fit the ISCO classification better than others, or provide more detailed categories. Sometimes the logic of the original classification suggested a particular interpretation of a given occupational title, but it was no more than inferential. In general, OCCISCO tends to be more comparable within countries than across countries. The detailed occupation classifications used for each census are retained unrecoded in the OCC variable.

The age of persons to whom the question applies varies across countries and changes over time for some countries. In some samples, the question applies only to persons employed at the time of the census; in others, information was gathered about the last occupation people had if unemployed or out of the labor force altogether at the time of the census.

The categories that are typically the most difficult to distinguish are service and sales workers from clerks, and craft workers from plant and machine operators. The basic issue is a lack of distinction between different skill levels of workers. The elementary workers are a relatively eclectic collection of occupational titles highly determined by the classification system in each sample.

In accordance with ISCO standards, when feasible, supervisors are placed in the major group with the persons that they supervised, unless the job title suggested higher-level managerial functions. Persons in the technician category are often not distinguishable from professionals or other groups. Some samples have a category for persons with "other" occupations that were unspecified. Also, armed forces personnel are not consistently identified across all samples.

Comparability — Argentina [top]

The 1991-2001 classifications are fundamentally different from the earlier samples and from other countries, and they could not be incorporated into OCCISCO.

Comparability — Armenia [top]

The sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Austria [top]

The 1991 and 2001 samples used the ISCO classification. The earlier samples were recoded based on occupational title. The change of classifications between 1981 and 1991 is associated with a reassignment of cases from professionals to technicians.

The source data for Austria assigned occupations to non-workers based on who "supported" them. OCCSICO reports data only for economically active persons.

Comparability — Belarus [top]

The original data for Belarus used the ISCO system, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Benin [top]

The 2013 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification, while the earlier samples use ISCO 1968. The universe varies across samples.

Comparability — Bolivia [top]

The underlying data are consistent across the 1992-2012 samples, but the 1976 classification was notably different. The 2012 sample uses the ISCO 2008 classification system. The age universe is consistent across samples, but the 1976 and 1992 samples include some or all unemployed persons in the universe, while the 2001 and 2012 sample do not.

Comparability — Botswana [top]

The 1981 sample follows the ISCO 1968 classification system. In 1981, it was not possible to distinguish technicians from professionals due to the level of disaggregation of occupations available for the sample. The 1991-2011 samples use a classification system that is the national version of ISCO 1988.

The reference period for the 1981-1991 samples was the past month, but it changed for the 2001-2011 samples to the week prior to the census.

Comparability — Brazil [top]

The age universe is consistent across samples, but employment status and reference period for individuals included in the universe changes over time.

The 2010 sample followed the ISCO 2008 coding scheme. Earlier samples did not use the ISCO classification system and required more extensive recoding.

Comparability — Burkina Faso [top]

The 1985 and 1996 samples used the same non-ISCO coding scheme. The codes were grouped hierarchically by industry and level of seniority. See the unharmonized source variables for full detail.

Comparability — Cambodia [top]

The original data for all Cambodia samples were coded into the ISCO 1988 or 2008 systems, requiring no interpretation at the one-digit level. They report main activity last year.

Comparability — Cameroon [top]

The 1976 sample used a non-ISCO coding system, while the 2005 sample used the ISCO 1988 system.

The 1976 classification scheme is organized by industry and skill level, but it is difficult to make some distinctions required by the ISCO scheme.

Comparability — Canada [top]

The Canada sample data do not have much occupational detail (except 2011) and are based on national occupational classifications not fully equivalent to ISCO, so the coding to OCCISCO is particularly crude.

The classifications for 1971 to 1991 were quite consistent. Technicians are not identifiable in 1971-1991.

Comparability — Chile [top]

The age universe changes over time. There is a large increase in the technician category between 1992 and 2002.

Comparability — China [top]

The Chinese occupational classification was rather industrial in character: it often reported the good or service in which a person was engaged in producing without giving that person's status or precise job. It was particularly hard to identify persons who unequivocally belonged in the elementary (unskilled) occupations (code 090). Skilled agricultural and craft workers are probably inflated, and elementary workers underrepresented, in the OCCISCO classification.

The China 2000 sample has a more aggregated occupational grouping available with respect to 1982 and 1990, which produces additional comparability issues. In 2000, categories corresponding to professionals may include some of the related technical occupations. The proportion of persons in elementary occupations in 2000 is considerably smaller than previous samples; some of these cases are seemingly included in "service workers and show and market sales" or "crafts and related trades workers."

Comparability — Colombia [top]

The basic classifications of occupations for Colombia 1964 and 1973 differ, but not substantially. There is no occupation variable for 1985 and 1993.

Colombia 1973 has many undocumented values. In most cases we coded them into occupational groups on the basis of their first digit(s).

Comparability — Costa Rica [top]

The variable records the person's main occupation at the time of census or, prior to 2000, when they were last employed. OCCISCO is not available for 1963 because we lack the necessary documentation.

Comparability — Cuba [top]

The 2012 sample uses the ISCO 2008 classification system, and the 2002 sample uses a national classification that is relatively consistent with the ISCO coding structure. The universe is consistent across the two samples, and the occupation categories are generally comparable.

Comparability — Côte d'Ivoire [top]

The occupation labels in the 1998 sample were originally in French and based on the ISCO88 classification.

Comparability — Dominican Republic [top]

The 1960, 1970 and 1981 samples each use a unique classification system. The 2002 and 2010 samples use the ISCO classification system.

The universe changes over time. In 1960, the question was asked of persons age 10 and older who were employed between January 1st and August 7th, 1960. In 1970, the question was asked of persons age 10 and older who were employed or unemployed the week prior to the census. In 1981-2010, the question was asked of persons age 10 and older who had ever worked. Respondents who had worked before but were not working during the week prior to the census reported their last occupation.

Comparability — Ecuador [top]

The age universe changes over time. The underlying codes from which OCCISCO was derived differ for each sample.

Comparability — Egypt [top]

The 1986 sample uses the ISCO 1968 classification, while the 1996 and 2006 samples use ISCO 1988. Thus, the data required no recoding, but the age universe of respondents changes from 15 and older in 1986-1996 to 6 and older in 2006.

Comparability — El Salvador [top]

Both samples use the ISCO classification and differ only in coverage of unemployed persons.

Comparability — Ethiopia [top]

The 1984 sample uses the ISCO 1968 classification, requiring some recoding. The 1994 sample uses ISCO 1988. The 2007 sample does not contain occupation information.

Comparability — Fiji [top]

The 1976 and 1986 samples both used the ISCO 1968 classification system. The 1996 and 2007 samples categorized occupation according the ISCO 1988 system, thus no recoding was necessary. The 2014 sample used ISCO 2008, requiring limited interpretation.

Comparability — Finland [top]

The 2010 samples uses the ISCO 2008 classification system.

Comparability — France [top]

Occupations for all French samples were integrated by the French statistical office into a common classification for the years between 1962 and 1990. Because the French occupation variable is not very detailed, difficulties sometimes arose in making the data correspond with the ISCO system. During those years, the elementary workers category for France contains only agricultural workers; persons with non-agricultural occupations that elsewhere might be classified as elementary workers cannot be distinguished. The armed forces category includes police.

In 1999, the French occupations accord with the ISCO coding scheme. However, in 2006-2011 the data again change to a classification that corresponds poorly with ISCO in a number of areas. It should be considered a very rough approximation; see the unharmonized source variables for the original codes.

There is also slight variation in the age universe over time.

Comparability — Germany [top]

The samples use different classifications.

The 1981 sample (from East Germany) is highly industrial in character and often does not distinguish skill levels in a manner that is well suited to the ISCO system. It should be considered a very rough approximation; see the unharmonized source variable for the original codes.

Comparability — Ghana [top]

The 1984 and 2000 samples use the ISCO 1968 classification system. The 2010 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification system. The universe differs slightly across samples in terms of minimum ages.

Comparability — Greece [top]

The same occupational code system was used for the 1971-1991 censuses. The 2001 census used a version of the ISCO 1988 classification, while the 2011 census occupation data are based on ISCO 2008.

Comparability — Guatemala [top]

The 1964-1981 samples use their own classification, which is very similar to the COTA system. The 1994 and 2002 samples both used the ISCO 1988 classification system.

Comparability — Guinea [top]

The age universe includes persons age 10 and older in the 1983 sample and persons age 6 and older in the 1996-2014 samples.

All three samples use different coding structures, resulting in significant OCCISCO differences from one sample to another. However, the classifications used in the 1996 and 2014 samples are both consistent with the major group distinctions in the ISCO classification.

Comparability — Haiti [top]

The 1982 sample used the ISCO 1968 classification system. The 2003 sample categorized occupation according the ISCO 1988 system, thus no recoding was necessary.

While the samples have the same universe, the reference period for employment is different across years.

Comparability — Honduras [top]

The 1961 sample uses the COTA 1960 classification. The 1974 and 1988 samples use a unique classification. The 2001 sample uses the ISCO 1988 system. The 2013 sample uses the ISCO 2008 system. The universe in 2001 and 2013 differs from the previous samples.

Comparability — Hungary [top]

The occupation data in the Hungary samples are comparable, as they follow some ISCO coding structure. In 1970-1990, occupations are coded using a national classification equivalent to ISCO 1988. The 2001 sample applies ISCO 1988 and the 2011 sample uses ISCO 2008.

Comparability — Indonesia [top]

The samples use the same basic underlying classification (ISCO-68) with similar universes, and are therefore highly comparable over time.

Comparability — Iran [top]

The 2006 and 2011 samples report the current occupation of employed persons aged 10 or more. The current occupation is coded using the ISCO classification. Armed forces and police officers were not differentiated, and this category is coded to armed forces.

Comparability — Ireland [top]

The universe changes significantly over time; it includes employed, and sometimes unemployed, persons in the 1971-1991 samples, and includes experienced unemployed persons in the 1996-2011 samples.

The Ireland samples use a number of different occupation classifications, none of them based on ISCO. The 1986-1991 samples are coded from the same underlying classification, as are the 1996-2006 samples. The 2011 sample uses a unique classification system and provides detail at the three-digit level.

The 2016 sample uses the same classification system as the 2011 sample, but only provides detail at the one-digit level. Therefore, it is incompatible with the one-digit ISCO classification and is not integrated in OCCISCO. The occupation groupings for the 2016 sample are preserved in the unharmonized source variable.

Comparability — Italy [top]

The census samples use the ISCO 1988 classification system, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Jamaica [top]

All Jamaica samples use the ISCO classification; thus, apart from the universe differences the data are fully comparable.

Comparability — Jordan [top]

The sample used the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding

Comparability — Kenya [top]

In 1989 and 2019, the question applied to employed persons, whether at work or not; both samples include specifically persons on leave or sick leave, and the 1989 sample also mentions persons working on family holdings.

NOTE: In 1989, only a small fraction of persons actually reported an occupation.

Comparability — Kyrgyzstan [top]

The sample used the ISCO classification system but includes some additional categories.

Cattlemen and subsidiary plot farmers are classified as general workers and together comprise more than one-third of the workforce.

Comparability — Lesotho [top]

The 1996 sample uses the ISCO 1968 while the 2006 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification system. In the 1996 sample, professionals and technicians cannot be separated. The universe is slightly different between the two samples.

Comparability — Liberia [top]

The 1974 sample uses the ISCO 1968 classification system. The 2008 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification system and did not require recoding. The universe differs slightly across samples in terms of minimum ages.

Comparability — Malawi [top]

The unharmonized source variables for the 1987-2008 samples use nearly identical classifications, while the 2018 underlying data uses a different coding structure and provides less detail.

The samples have age universe differences: 10 and older in 1987, 1998, and 2018, while 6 and older are considered in 2008. The 2018 sample considers only persons who worked in the prior week, while the 1987, 1998, and 2008 samples also comprise unemployed respondents.

Comparability — Malaysia [top]

The 1970-1991 samples used the same occupational classification, and are therefore coded consistently within OCCISCO. The 2001 sample used the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Mali [top]

The samples use entirely different occupational classifications, all of which had to be recoded significantly to fit the ISCO system.

Comparability — Mauritius [top]

The universe is identical across the three samples. The 1990 and 2000 samples use the ISCO 1988 classification system, while the 2011 sample uses a coding structure that is consistent with the ISCO 2008 classification system.

Comparability — Mexico [top]

The Mexico samples use national classifications to code occupations. The 1960 and 1970 samples used their own classification systems. The 1990-2000 samples used the same classification, while the coding structure is also common across 2010-2015 and is based on ISCO 2008.

In 1970 the question applied to the occupation the person had during the previous year, 1969, regardless of their status at the time of the census. In 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2015 the question was addressed only to employed persons.

The underlying 1995 classification is not detailed, and the resulting OCCISCO coding is therefore crude.

The 2005 Mexico census did not include an occupation question.

Comparability — Mongolia [top]

In 2000, the occupational classification was based on ISCO. The 2010 and 2020 samples use the ISCO-2008 classification, and the data are comparable across.

Comparability — Morocco [top]

The 1982 sample uses a different underlying classification than the one employed in 1994 and 2004. The 2014 sample uses a similar classification as the 1994-2004 samples, but there are several categorical differences. The occupation groupings for the 2014 sample are preserved in the unharmonized source variable.

Comparability — Mozambique [top]

The 1997 and 2007 samples use the ISCO 1988 classification. The 2017 sample uses the ISCO 2008 classification system. There are minor differences in the universes across the three samples.

Comparability — Myanmar [top]

The 2014 samples uses the ISCO 1988 classification system.

Comparability — Nepal [top]

The Nepal samples use the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Netherlands [top]

The sample used the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Nicaragua [top]

The 1971 sample uses a different underlying classification. The 1995 and 2005 samples use ISCO.

Comparability — Pakistan [top]

The 1973 Pakistan sample required significant recoded to fit the ISCO classification.

Comparability — Palestine [top]

All three samples use the 1-digit ISCO classification system and are fully comparable, apart from minor universe differences.

Comparability — Panama [top]

The 2000 and 2010 samples used the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding. The samples for previous years used differing classifications that had considerable detail.

Comparability — Papua New Guinea [top]

In 1980 and 1990, only urban workers are in the universe of respondents. All samples are compatible with the ISCO 1988 classification system.

Comparability — Paraguay [top]

The 2002 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification. Earlier samples use differing classifications, but they conform fairly well to ISCO.

Comparability — Peru [top]

The data for Peru are fully comparable between samples and were organized along ISCO lines, requiring minimal modification.

Comparability — Philippines [top]

All samples used the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Poland [top]

The 1978 and 1988 samples were not integrated because they were not compatible with the ISCO coding structure. See the occupation unharmonized source variables for these censuses.

The 2002 sample had significantly less response categories but the coding structure follows ISCO.

Comparability — Portugal [top]

The 1991-2011 samples used the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding.

Comparability — Puerto Rico [top]

The Puerto Rico data are recoded from differing underlying classifications. The universe of respondents changes over time as well.

Comparability — Romania [top]

The universe changes from people who are employed or seeking work in 1992 to only those people with a job in 2002. In 2011, the universe changes back to include only persons who were either employed or seeking work.

The 1977 sample includes an occupation variable, but it is not compatible with OCCISCO.

Comparability — Rwanda [top]

The 2002 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification while the 2012 uses the ISCO 2008 classification. No recoding is required.

Comparability — Saint Lucia [top]

The 1991 Saint Lucia sample uses the ISCO classification. Occupation data are not available in 1980.

Comparability — Senegal [top]

The 2002 and 2013 samples use the ISCO classification, requiring no modification. In 2013, the source variable refers specifically to "profession" and it is available for inactive persons besides persons employed and experienced unemployed. Thus, for higher comparability across samples, the inactive persons are excluded from the universe in OCCISCO for 2013, but their responses are preserved in the corresponding unharmonized source variable.

The 1988 Senegal classification is highly industrial in character and is a relatively poor fit for the ISCO system into which it is coded.

Comparability — Sierra Leone [top]

The data report the occupation of respondents who worked in the last 30 days for the 2004 sample and the past 12 months for the 2015 sample. Both samples use a 1-digit ISCO 1988 classification.

Comparability — Slovakia [top]

The 2001 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification and the 2011 sample uses ISCO 1988.

The 1991 sample used a national classification that was highly industrial in character and does not allow making many of the distinctions necessary for coding into the ISCO system. Consequently, the 1991 sample is not included in OCCISCO. See the source variable or OCC for the detailed 1991 classification..

Comparability — Slovenia [top]

The sample used the ISCO general category coding scheme, requiring no recoding.

The universe for Slovenia includes employed persons. Although no lower age limit is explicitly specified, no one under age 15 has an occupation.

Comparability — South Africa [top]

The question was asked of employed persons in all census years, but the age universe of respondents differs.

All samples were originally classified into the ISCO system by the national statistical office, so they required no recoding for OCCISCO.

Comparability — Spain [top]

The underlying codes from which OCCISCO was derived differ for each sample, and none were designed on the ISCO model. The 1991 OCCISCO codes were derived from 20 occupational categories, making for an especially crude classification in that year. Retirees are included in the 1991 universe and excluded from the 1981, 2001, and 2011 samples. Therefore, there are significantly more persons with occupation responses in 1991 than in the other years.

Comparability — Sudan [top]

The sample uses the ISCO classification.

Comparability — Suriname [top]

The 2004 and 2012 samples are compatible with the ISCO 1988 classification system and are fully comparable except for a difference in the age universe. In both samples, armed forces occupations are grouped with technicians and associate professionals.

Comparability — Switzerland [top]

All Switzerland samples use the ISCO classification. They each also have alternative occupation data available in the unharmonized source variables.

Comparability — Tanzania [top]

The data for all the Tanzania samples are based in the ISCO system, although the 1988 sample has no categories for technicians and operatives.

Comparability — Thailand [top]

The 2000 sample uses the ISCO classification, and 1980-1990 were similar, requiring limited recoding. The 1970 classification is considerably different.

Comparability — Togo [top]

The 1960 and 1970 samples use their own classifications but they are comparable. The 2010 sample was coded into the general ISCO classification, requiring no modification.

Comparability — Trinidad and Tobago [top]

The Trinidad and Tobago 1990 and 2000 sample use a classification compatible with ISCO 1988. The 1980 sample differs and it was not possible to distinguish technicians from professionals.

Comparability — Turkey [top]

All samples use the same classification and are therefore highly comparable with each other.

Comparability — Uganda [top]

The 1991 and 2002 samples use the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding. There is a significant increase in skilled agricultural workers from 1991 to 2002, and a decrease in elementary workers.

The 2014 sample uses a national classification that is not compatible with the ISCO coding structure, so it is not integrated in OCCISCO. The occupation groupings for the 2014 sample are preserved in the unharmonized source variable.

Comparability — United Kingdom [top]

The 2001 sample used the ISCO classification system, requiring no recoding. The 1961, 1971 and 1991 samples used a different classification, but it generally made distinctions that facilitated recoding into the ISCO system.

Comparability — United States [top]

OCCISCO is coded from the classification used in OCC95US, which integrates differing U.S. classifications into the 1950 U.S. census system. In 1980 and 2000, there were major reclassifications of the underlying U.S. data, and comparisons spanning those years will be less robust. The U.S. samples are otherwise comparable, aside from the differences in the universe with respect to age, armed forces, and experienced workers not in the labor force.

Comparability — Uruguay [top]

The 1963 and 1975 samples each use a unique classification scheme. The proportion of technicians is smaller in 1963 with respect to other years, as most of these occupations are included within the corresponding professional categories. The 1985 sample uses COTA 1970. The 1996 and 2006 samples use ISCO.

The universe differs between 1963 and later years.

Comparability — Venezuela [top]

The universe differs across samples. The original data for 2001 were coded into the ISCO system, requiring no recoding. The 1981 and 1990 samples used the same classification. 1990 has more skilled agricultural workers than the surrounding samples.

OCCISCO is not available for 1971 because the documentation did match the values in the data.

Comparability — Vietnam [top]

The Vietnam 1999 census classified occupations using the ISCO 1988 system. The question applied to those persons who worked at least six of the previous twelve months. The 2009 sample used a three-digit occupation variable in the original data that was three-digits, but with the first digit corresponding to the ISCO one-digit codes. The universe for 2009 is includes persons age 15 and older who were at work, on salary, or had a job to return to.

The Vietnam samples originally coded the great majority of agricultural workers to the unskilled category. For purposes of comparability with other countries, these cases are coded to skilled agricultural workers in OCCISCO.

The census of 1989 used a different scheme that is impossible to fit in ISCO. See OCC for the codes.

Comparability — Zambia [top]

The 1990 and 2000 samples use the ISCO 1968 classification system; some recoding was necessary. The 2010 sample uses the ISCO 1988 classification system. The universe differs slightly across samples.

Comparability — Zimbabwe [top]

The 2012 sample uses the ISCO 1988 system, so no recoding was needed.

Universe

Argentina 1970: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Argentina 1980: Persons age 14+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Armenia 2011: Persons age 15 to 75 with a job
Austria 1971: Persons age 15+ who were economically active
Austria 1981: Persons age 15+ who were economically active
Austria 1991: Persons age 15+ who were economically active
Austria 2001: Persons age 15+ who were economically active
Belarus 1999: Persons age 15+ who had worked
Belarus 2009: Persons age 15+ who had worked
Benin 1979: Persons age 10+ from private household
Benin 1992: Persons age 10+ from private household
Benin 2002: Residents age 6+ who are employed on experienced unemployed
Benin 2013: Resident persons age 6+ years who are employed or unemployed
Bolivia 1976: Persons age 7+ in the labor force
Bolivia 1992: Persons age 7+ who worked last week, and experienced unemployed
Bolivia 2001: Persons age 7+ who worked last week
Bolivia 2012: Persons age 7+ who worked last week
Botswana 1981: Persons age 12+ who had worked
Botswana 1991: Persons age 12+ who had worked
Botswana 2001: Persons age 12+ who had worked
Botswana 2011: Persons age 12+ who had worked
Brazil 1960: Persons age 10+ in the labor force
Brazil 1970: Persons age 10+ who worked or looked for work in the previous 12 months
Brazil 1980: Persons age 10+ who worked in the previous 12 months
Brazil 1991: Persons age 10+ who worked in the previous 12 months
Brazil 2000: Persons age 10+ who worked last week
Brazil 2010: Persons age 10+ who worked last week
Burkina Faso 1985: Residents age 10+ in the labor force
Burkina Faso 1996: Residents age 6+ in the labor force
Cambodia 1998: Persons who were employed or experienced unemployed
Cambodia 2004: Persons who were employed or experienced unemployed
Cambodia 2008: Persons age 5+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Cambodia 2013: Persons who were employed or experienced unemployed
Cambodia 2019: Persons age 5+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Cameroon 1976: Persons age 4+ who ever worked
Cameroon 2005: Residents age 6+ who were working or worked in the past
Canada 1971: Persons age 15+ who worked last year
Canada 1981: Persons age 15+ who worked last year
Canada 1991: Persons age 15+ who worked last year
Canada 2001: Persons age 15+ who worked last year
Canada 2011: Persons age 15+ who worked last year
Chile 1960: Persons who were working age 12+
Chile 1970: Persons age 12+ with a job last week
Chile 1982: Persons age 15+ who ever worked
Chile 1992: Persons age 14+ who ever worked
Chile 2002: Persons age 15+ working or seeking work
China 1982: Persons age 15+ who were working
China 1990: Persons age 15+ who were working
China 2000: Persons age 15+ who were working
Colombia 1964: Persons age 12+, with a job or experienced unemployed
Colombia 1973: Persons age 10+, with a job or experienced unemployed
Costa Rica 1973: Persons age 12+ who ever worked
Costa Rica 1984: Persons age 12+ who ever worked
Costa Rica 2000: Persons age 12+ who were employed
Costa Rica 2011: Persons age 12+ who were employed
Cuba 2002: Persons age 15+ who worked or had a job
Cuba 2012: Persons age 15+ who worked or had a job
Côte d'Ivoire 1998: Employed persons age 6+ who are residents of the household
Dominican Republic 1960: Persons age 10+ who were employed
Dominican Republic 1970: Persons age 10+ who were economically active
Dominican Republic 1981: Perons age 10+ who ever worked
Dominican Republic 2002: Perons age 10+ who ever worked
Dominican Republic 2010: Perons age 10+ who ever worked
Ecuador 1962: Persons age 12+ who were employed, unemployed or looking for a job
Ecuador 1974: Persons age 12+ who worked, didn't work but had a job, or unemployed
Ecuador 1982: Persons age 12+ who ever worked
Ecuador 1990: Persons age 8+ who are employed, unemployed, or an unpaid worker
Ecuador 2001: Persons that ever worked
Ecuador 2010: Persons age 5+ who were employed
Egypt 1986: Persons age 15+ who were working or seeking work
Egypt 1996: Persons age 15+ who were economically active
Egypt 2006: Persons age 6+ who were economically active
El Salvador 1992: Persons age 10+ who were employed
El Salvador 2007: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Ethiopia 1984: Household residents age 10+ who ever worked
Ethiopia 1994: Persons age 10+ who worked or were experienced workers looking for work
Fiji 1976: Persons age 14+ in the labor force
Fiji 1986: Persons age 15+ who worked last week
Fiji 1996: Persons age 15+ who worked last week
Fiji 2007: Persons age 10+ who worked last week
Fiji 2014: Persons age 15+ who worked last week
Finland 2010: Employed persons
France 1962: Employed persons age 14+
France 1968: Employed persons age 14+
France 1975: Employed persons age 16+
France 1982: Employed persons age 14+
France 1990: Employed persons age 14+
France 1999: Employed persons age 15+
France 2006: Employed persons age 14+
France 2011: Active employed persons
Germany 1970: Economically active persons age 15+
Germany 1981: Economically active persons age 14+
Germany 1987: Employed persons age 15+
Ghana 1984: Persons age 10+ who worked
Ghana 2000: Persons age 7+ in the labor force
Ghana 2010: Persons age 5+ who were economically active
Greece 1971: Persons age 10+ who were working
Greece 1981: Persons age 10+ who were workng or were seeking work
Greece 1991: Persons age 10+ who were workng or were seeking work
Greece 2001: Persons age 10+ who were workng or were seeking work
Greece 2011: Persons age 10+ who were workng or were seeking work
Guatemala 1964: Persons age 7+ in the labor force
Guatemala 1973: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Guatemala 1981: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Guatemala 1994: Persons age 7+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Guatemala 2002: Persons age 7+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Guinea 1983: Persons age 10+ who were employed or unemployed
Guinea 1996: Residents age 6+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Guinea 2014: Residents age 6+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Haiti 1982: Persons age 10+ who were employed
Haiti 2003: Persons age 10+ who were employed
Honduras 1961: Persons age 10+ who were in the labor force
Honduras 1974: Persons age 10+ who were in the labor force
Honduras 1988: Persons age 10+ who were in the labor force
Honduras 2001: Persons age 7+ who were in the labor force
Honduras 2013: Persons age 5+ who worked, had a job, or looked for work and had worked previously, last week
Hungary 1970: Employed persons age 14+
Hungary 1980: Persons who were economically active or who worked more than 90 days in agriculture in 1979
Hungary 1990: Economically active persons
Hungary 2001: Employed persons
Hungary 2011: Persons age 15+ who ever worked
Indonesia 1971: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Indonesia 1976: Persons age 10+ who worked last week
Indonesia 1980: Persons age 10+ who had a job
Indonesia 1985: Persons age 10+ who had a job
Indonesia 1990: Persons age 10+ who had a job
Indonesia 1995: Persons age 10+ who had a job
Indonesia 2005: Persons age 10+ who had a job
Iran 2006: Employed persons age 10+
Iran 2011: Employed persons age 10+
Iraq 1997: Persons age 6+ who were employed
Ireland 1971: Persons age 14+ in the labor force
Ireland 1981: Employed persons age 15+
Ireland 1986: Employed persons age 15+
Ireland 1991: Employed persons age 15+
Ireland 1996: Persons age 15+ who were working or experienced unemployed
Ireland 2002: Non-absent persons age 15+ who were working or experienced unemployed
Ireland 2006: Non-absent persons age 15+ who were working or experienced unemployed
Ireland 2011: Non-absent persons age 15+ who were working or experienced unemployed
Italy 2001: Persons age 15+ and worked for pay
Italy 2011: Persons age 15+ and worked for pay
Jamaica 1982: Persons age 14+ in private households and selected group quarters, employed or experienced unemployed
Jamaica 1991: Persons age 14+ in private households or selected group quarters, in the labor force
Jamaica 2001: Persons age 14+ in the labor force
Jordan 2004: Persons age 15+ with a job last week
Kenya 1989: Persons age 10+ who worked for pay or profit, on leave/sick leave, or working on family holdings during the previous seven days
Kenya 2019: Persons age 5+ who worked or had a job
Kyrgyzstan 1999: Persons age 16+ who were working
Lesotho 1996: Persons age 10+ who were in the labor force or job-seeking
Lesotho 2006: Persons age 10+ who were in the labor force or experienced unemployed
Liberia 1974: Persons age 10+ who worked in the last year
Liberia 2008: Persons age 6+ who worked in the last year
Malawi 1987: Persons age 10+ employed or experienced unemployed
Malawi 1998: Persons age 10+ working or unemployed
Malawi 2008: Non-visitors age 6+ employed, subsistence worker, or experienced unemployed
Malawi 2018: Persons age 10+ who worked in the last 7 days
Malaysia 1970: Persons age 10+ in labor force
Malaysia 1980: Persons age 10+ in labor force
Malaysia 1991: Persons age 10+ who were employed
Malaysia 2000: Persons age 10+ who were employed
Mali 1987: Economically active persons age 6+
Mali 1998: Economically active persons age 6+
Mali 2009: Economically active persons age 6+
Mauritius 1990: Persons age 12+ who ever worked
Mauritius 2000: Persons age 12+ who ever worked
Mauritius 2011: Persons age 12+ who ever worked
Mexico 1960: All persons who reported an occupation
Mexico 1970: Persons age 12+ who worked the previous year
Mexico 1990: Persons age 12+ who are employed
Mexico 1995: Persons age 12+ who are employed
Mexico 2000: Persons age 12+ who are employed
Mexico 2010: Persons age 12+ who are employed
Mexico 2015: Persons age 12+ who are employed
Mongolia 2000: Persons age 15+ who worked last week
Mongolia 2010: Persons age 15+ who worked last week
Mongolia 2020: Persons age 15+ who worked last week
Morocco 1982: Persons who worked last week
Morocco 1994: Persons who were employed or experienced unemployed
Morocco 2004: Persons who were employed or experienced unemployed
Morocco 2014: Persons who were employed or experienced unemployed
Mozambique 1997: Persons who worked or looked for a new job in the last week
Mozambique 2007: Residents age 7+ who worked or looked for a new job in the last week
Mozambique 2017: Persons age 7+ who worked, were on vacation, or were looking for a new job last week
Myanmar 2014: Employed persons age 10+ in conventional households
Nepal 2001: Persons age 10+ who worked or sought work at least one month last year
Nepal 2011: Persons age 10+ who worked in the last 12 months
Netherlands 2001: Persons who were economically active
Netherlands 2011: Persons age 15+ who are working
Nicaragua 1971: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Nicaragua 1995: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Nicaragua 2005: Persons age 10+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Pakistan 1973: Persons age 10+ who worked last week
Palestine 1997: Persons age 10+ working or experienced unemployed
Palestine 2007: Persons age 7+ who were employed or experienced unemployed, except those in Jerusalem annexed by Israel in 1967
Palestine 2017: Persons age 7+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Panama 1960: Non-indigenous persons age 10+ in the labor force
Panama 1970: Persons age 10+ in the labor force
Panama 1980: Persons age 10+ in the labor force
Panama 1990: Persons age 10+ in the labor force
Panama 2000: Persons age 10+ who were employed
Panama 2010: Persons age 10+ who were economically active and experienced unemployed
Papua New Guinea 1980: Persons age 10+ in urban areas who worked last week
Papua New Guinea 1990: Persons age 10+ in urban areas who worked last week
Papua New Guinea 2000: Persons age 10+ who worked last week
Paraguay 1962: Persons age 12+ who were economically active
Paraguay 1972: Persons age 12+ who ever worked
Paraguay 1982: Economically active persons age 12+ excluding new workers
Paraguay 1992: Persons 10+ with a job or looking for work
Paraguay 2002: Persons age 10+ who worked last week
Peru 1993: Persons age 6+ with work or experienced and seeking work
Peru 2007: Persons age 6+ who worked last week
Peru 2017: Persons age 5+ who worked last week or did not work last week but had a job, business, occasional work or worked on a farm or family business
Philippines 1990: Persons age 10+ who are employed
Philippines 2000: Persons age 10+ who are working
Philippines 2010: Persons age 15+ with gainful occupation
Poland 2002: Persons age 15+ that are economically active
Portugal 1981: Persons age 12+ who are employed or looking for a job
Portugal 1991: Persons age 12+ who are employed or looking for a job
Portugal 2001: Persons age 15+ who are employed or looking for a job
Portugal 2011: Persons age 15+ who were economically active
Puerto Rico 1970: Persons age 14+ who worked within the past 10 years, and persons seeking work who last worked more than 10 years ago
Puerto Rico 1980: Persons age 16+ who worked within the past 5 years, not new workers
Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who worked within the past 5 years, not new workers
Puerto Rico 2000: Persons age 16+ who worked within the past 5 years, not new workers
Puerto Rico 2005: Persons age 16+ who worked within the past 5 years, not new workers
Puerto Rico 2010: Persons age 16+ who worked within the past 5 years, not new workers
Puerto Rico 2015: Persons age 16+ who worked within the past 5 years, not new workers
Puerto Rico 2020: Persons age 16+ who worked within the past 5 years, not new workers
Romania 1992: Persons who are employed or seeking another work place
Romania 2002: Persons who have at least one job
Romania 2011: Persons who are employed or seeking another work place
Rwanda 2002: Non-visitors age 6+ who are employed or experienced unemployed
Rwanda 2012: Persons age 5+ who are working or the experienced unemployed
Saint Lucia 1991: Persons age 15+ who ever worked
Senegal 1988: Persons age 6+ employed or seeking work
Senegal 2002: Employed persons age 6+
Senegal 2013: Residents age 6+ who are employed or experienced unemployed in ordinary households
Sierra Leone 2004: Persons age 10+ who worked in the last 30 days
Sierra Leone 2015: Persons age 10+ in private households who were employed in the last year
Slovakia 1991: Persons age 15+ who are economically active or pensioners
Slovakia 2001: Persons age 15+ who are economically active
Slovakia 2011: Persons age 15+ who are economically active
Slovenia 2002: Employed persons
South Africa 1996: Employed persons age 15+ in private households
South Africa 2001: Employed or economically active persons age 10+
South Africa 2007: Persons age 15 to 74 with a job last week, not in institutions
South Sudan 2008: Persons age 10+ who are employed or experienced unemployed
Spain 1981: Persons who work or have worked
Spain 1991: Persons employed, unemployed but having worked before, and retirees
Spain 2001: Persons age 16+ who worked last week
Spain 2011: Persons age 16+ who were working or were unemployed with previous work experience
Sudan 2008: Persons age 10+ who are employed or experienced unemployed
Suriname 2004: Persons age 12+ who were employed
Suriname 2012: Persons age 15 to 64 who were employed
Switzerland 1970: Employed persons
Switzerland 1980: Employed persons
Switzerland 1990: Employed persons age 15+
Switzerland 2000: Employed persons
Switzerland 2011: Economically active persons
Tanzania 1988: Employed persons age 10+
Tanzania 2002: Persons age 5+ who worked last week
Tanzania 2012: Persons age 5+ who were economically active in the last week
Thailand 1970: Persons age 11+ who were employed
Thailand 1980: Persons age 11+ who were employed
Thailand 1990: Persons age 13+ who were employed
Thailand 2000: Persons age 13+ who were employed
Togo 1960: Persons in the labor force
Togo 1970: Employed persons
Togo 2010: Persons age 6+ who ever worked
Trinidad and Tobago 1980: Persons age 15+ that are economically active
Trinidad and Tobago 1990: Persons age 15+ that are economically active
Trinidad and Tobago 2000: Persons age 15+ that are economically active
Turkey 1985: Persons age 12+ with a job last week
Turkey 1990: Persons age 12+ with a job last week
Turkey 2000: Persons age 12+ with a job last week
Uganda 1991: Persons age 10+ with a job
Uganda 2002: Persons age 5+ who are in labor force
United Kingdom 1961: Persons age 15+ who are employed
United Kingdom 1971: Persons age 15+ ever employed
United Kingdom 1991: Persons age 16+ who worked within last 10 years
United Kingdom 2001: Persons age 16 to 74 who ever worked, not non-resident students
United States 1960: Persons age 14+ who had worked within the previous ten years; not armed forces, not new workers (see note)
United States 1970: Persons age 14+ who had worked within the previous ten years; not armed forces, not new workers (see note)
United States 1980: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years; not armed forces, not new workers (see note)
United States 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years; not new workers (see note)
United States 2000: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years; not new workers (see note)
United States 2005: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years; not new workers (see note)
United States 2010: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years; not new workers (see note)
United States 2015: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years; not new workers (see note)
United States 2020: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years; not new workers (see note)
Uruguay 1963: Persons 8+ in the labor force
Uruguay 1975: Persons 12+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Uruguay 1985: Persons 12+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Uruguay 1996: Persons 12+ who were employed or experienced unemployed
Uruguay 2006: Persons age 14+ with a job
Venezuela 1981: Persons age 12+ who had a job at the time of the census, or during the year prior, or worked the previous week
Venezuela 1990: Employed persons and experienced unemployed age 12+
Venezuela 2001: Persons age 10+ in the labor force
Vietnam 1999: Persons age 13+ who worked at least 6 months in the previous year
Vietnam 2009: Persons age 15+ who had a job
Vietnam 2019: Persons age 15+ who did paid work in the last seven days, participated in production or business activities, or have a job to return within 30 days
Zambia 1990: Persons age 12+ who were employed in the past year
Zambia 2000: Persons age 12+ who were employed in the past year
Zambia 2010: Present household members and visitors age 12+ who were employed in the past year
Zimbabwe 2012: Persons age 10+ who were employed

Availability

Argentina: 1970, 1980
Armenia: 2011
Austria: 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001
Belarus: 1999, 2009
Benin: 1979, 1992, 2002, 2013
Bolivia: 1976, 1992, 2001, 2012
Botswana: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
Brazil: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000, 2010
Burkina Faso: 1985, 1996
Cambodia: 1998, 2004, 2008, 2013, 2019
Cameroon: 1976, 2005
Canada: 1871, 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
Chile: 1960, 1970, 1982, 1992, 2002
China: 1982, 1990, 2000
Colombia: 1964, 1973
Costa Rica: 1973, 1984, 2000, 2011
Cuba: 2002, 2012
Côte d'Ivoire: 1998
Denmark: 1787, 1801
Dominican Republic: 1960, 1970, 1981, 2002, 2010
Ecuador: 1962, 1974, 1982, 1990, 2001, 2010
Egypt: 1986, 1996, 2006
El Salvador: 1992, 2007
Ethiopia: 1984, 1994
Fiji: 1976, 1986, 1996, 2007, 2014
Finland: 2010
France: 1962, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1990, 1999, 2006, 2011
Germany: 1819, 1970, 1981, 1987
Ghana: 1984, 2000, 2010
Greece: 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
Guatemala: 1964, 1973, 1981, 1994, 2002
Guinea: 1983, 1996, 2014
Haiti: 1982, 2003
Honduras: 1961, 1974, 1988, 2001, 2013
Hungary: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2001, 2011
Iceland: 1703, 1729, 1801, 1901, 1910
India: 1983, 1987, 1993, 1999, 2004, 2009
Indonesia: 1971, 1976, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2005
Iran: 2006, 2011
Iraq: 1997
Ireland: 1971, 1981, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2006, 2011
Italy: 2001, 2011, 2011Q1, 2012Q1, 2013Q1, 2014Q1, 2015Q1, 2016Q1, 2017Q1, 2018Q1, 2019Q1, 2020Q1
Jamaica: 1982, 1991, 2001
Jordan: 2004
Kenya: 1989, 2019
Kyrgyzstan: 1999
Lesotho: 1996, 2006
Liberia: 1974, 2008
Malawi: 1987, 1998, 2008, 2018
Malaysia: 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000
Mali: 1987, 1998, 2009
Mauritius: 1990, 2000, 2011
Mexico: 1960, 1970, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3, 2019Q4, 2020Q1, 2020Q3
Mongolia: 2000, 2010, 2020
Morocco: 1982, 1994, 2004, 2014
Mozambique: 1997, 2007, 2017
Myanmar: 2014
Nepal: 2001, 2011
Netherlands: 2001, 2011
Nicaragua: 1971, 1995, 2005
Nigeria: 2008, 2009, 2010
Norway: 1801, 1865, 1875, 1900, 1910
Pakistan: 1973
Palestine: 1997, 2007, 2017
Panama: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010
Papua New Guinea: 1980, 1990, 2000
Paraguay: 1962, 1972, 1982, 1992, 2002
Peru: 1993, 2007, 2017
Philippines: 1990, 2000, 2001Q1, 2001Q2, 2001Q3, 2001Q4, 2002Q1, 2002Q2, 2002Q3, 2002Q4, 2003Q1, 2003Q2, 2003Q3, 2003Q4, 2004Q1, 2004Q2, 2004Q3, 2004Q4, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3
Poland: 2002
Portugal: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
Puerto Rico: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020
Romania: 1992, 2002, 2011
Rwanda: 2002, 2012
Saint Lucia: 1991
Senegal: 1988, 2002, 2013
Sierra Leone: 2004, 2015
Slovakia: 1991, 2001, 2011
Slovenia: 2002
South Africa: 1996, 2001, 2007
South Sudan: 2008
Spain: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3, 2019Q4, 2020Q1, 2020Q2, 2020Q3, 2020Q4
Sudan: 2008
Suriname: 2004, 2012
Sweden: 1880, 1890, 1900, 1910
Switzerland: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2011
Tanzania: 1988, 2002, 2012
Thailand: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
Togo: 1960, 1970, 2010
Trinidad and Tobago: 1980, 1990, 2000
Turkey: 1985, 1990, 2000
Uganda: 1991, 2002
United Kingdom: 1851a, 1861a, 1861b, 1871b, 1881a, 1881b, 1891a, 1891b, 1901a, 1901b, 1911, 1961, 1971, 1991, 2001
United States: 1850a, 1850b, 1860, 1870, 1880a, 1880b, 1900, 1910, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020
Uruguay: 1963, 1975, 1985, 1996, 2006
Venezuela: 1981, 1990, 2001
Vietnam: 1999, 2009, 2019
Zambia: 1990, 2000, 2010
Zimbabwe: 2012

Data Cart

Your data extract

Codes and Frequencies