A30. How many of these children have died?
120. Column A30: Children who have died
Q: How many children have died?
In column A30 enter the number of children born alive by the woman who have since died separately for males and females. Sometimes a woman may forget to mention children who died in infancy or may not want to be reminded of painful events; you must therefore put the question sympathetically and tactfully. These children should be recorded by their sex such that they satisfy the sum condition in 117.
121. Check that the number of male children and female children entered in column A27 is the sum of the male and female children respectively entered in columns A28, A29, and A30. Reconcile any differences with the respondent before leaving the household.
Remember that the codes in columns A27 - A30 are all two-digit codes. In most cases you must therefore remember to put a zero in front, e.g. 2 children would be coded as 02.
If a woman has never had a live birth, enter 00 in all the columns. Never leave any column blank. If a woman has children in only one or two categories, insert the figures in the appropriate columns and enter 00 in the remaining column(s).
If unknown, enter 99 and explain in the comments box.
A27. How many children have been born (include those who have died) alive by [the person]?
117. Column A27: Children born alive
Q: How many children have been born alive by[the person]?
In column A27 you must record (as a two-digit code) the total number of children ever born alive to the woman/girl. Children born alive are those children who cried at least once after birth. All other births are stillbirths. Remember to include all those children who have died, but do not include stillbirths. When recording, you must always ensure that the total number of male children ever born to a woman in A27 equals to those living with the mother (in A28) plus those living elsewhere (in A29) and those dead (in A30). Similarly the sum of females in A28 and A29 and A30 should sum to females in A27.
121. Check that the number of male children and female children entered in column A27 is the sum of the male and female children respectively entered in columns A28, A29, and A30. Reconcile any differences with the respondent before leaving the household.
Remember that the codes in columns A27 - A30 are all two-digit codes. In most cases you must therefore remember to put a zero in front, e.g. 2 children would be coded as 02.
If a woman has never had a live birth, enter 00 in all the columns. Never leave any column blank. If a woman has children in only one or two categories, insert the figures in the appropriate columns and enter 00 in the remaining column(s).
If unknown, enter 99 and explain in the comments box.
A27. How many children have been born (include those who have died) alive by [the person]?
117. Column A27: Children born alive
Q: How many children have been born alive by[the person]?
In column A27 you must record (as a two-digit code) the total number of children ever born alive to the woman/girl. Children born alive are those children who cried at least once after birth. All other births are stillbirths. Remember to include all those children who have died, but do not include stillbirths. When recording, you must always ensure that the total number of male children ever born to a woman in A27 equals to those living with the mother (in A28) plus those living elsewhere (in A29) and those dead (in A30). Similarly the sum of females in A28 and A29 and A30 should sum to females in A27.
121. Check that the number of male children and female children entered in column A27 is the sum of the male and female children respectively entered in columns A28, A29, and A30. Reconcile any differences with the respondent before leaving the household.
Remember that the codes in columns A27 - A30 are all two-digit codes. In most cases you must therefore remember to put a zero in front, e.g. 2 children would be coded as 02.
If a woman has never had a live birth, enter 00 in all the columns. Never leave any column blank. If a woman has children in only one or two categories, insert the figures in the appropriate columns and enter 00 in the remaining column(s).
If unknown, enter 99 and explain in the comments box.
Fertility and child survival
28. How many of the children have died?
Questions A30-A31 are only asked of females aged 12 to 49 years old. For others, enter a dash in these columns. The enumerator should always check at all times that the number of children in A26 should be equal to the sum of this in A27, A28, and A29. The enumerator should therefore always crosscheck that these balances before moving on to the next section.
The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown on page 61 for easy reference.
158. Column A29: Children who have died
Q. How many children have died?
In column A29 enter the number of children born alive to a woman who have since died separately for males and females. Sometimes a woman may forget to mention children who died in infancy or may not want to be reminded of painful events; you must therefore put the question sympathetically and tactfully. These children should be recorded with respect to their sex such that they satisfy the sum condition as explained in paragraph 144.
Fertility and child survival
25. How many children have been born alive by [the respondent]?
[Include those who have died]
Questions A30-A31 are only asked of females aged 12 to 49 years old. For others, enter a dash in these columns. The enumerator should always check at all times that the number of children in A26 should be equal to the sum of this in A27, A28, and A29. The enumerator should therefore always crosscheck that these balances before moving on to the next section.
The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown on page 61 for easy reference.
155. Column A26: Children born alive
Q. How many children have been born alive by the respondent?
In column A26 you must record (as a two-digit code) the total number of children ever born alive to the woman. Children born alive are those children who cried at least once after birth. All other births are stillbirths. Remember to include all those children who have died, but do not include stillbirths. When recording, you must always ensure that the total number of male children ever born to a woman in A26 equals to those living with the mother (in A27) plus those living elsewhere (in A28) and those dead (in A29). Similarly the sum of females in A27 and A28 and A29 should sum to females in A26.
Fertility and child survival
25. How many children have been born alive by [the respondent]?
[Include those who have died]
Questions A30-A31 are only asked of females aged 12 to 49 years old. For others, enter a dash in these columns. The enumerator should always check at all times that the number of children in A26 should be equal to the sum of this in A27, A28, and A29. The enumerator should therefore always crosscheck that these balances before moving on to the next section.
The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown on page 61 for easy reference.
155. Column A26: Children born alive
Q. How many children have been born alive by the respondent?
In column A26 you must record (as a two-digit code) the total number of children ever born alive to the woman. Children born alive are those children who cried at least once after birth. All other births are stillbirths. Remember to include all those children who have died, but do not include stillbirths. When recording, you must always ensure that the total number of male children ever born to a woman in A26 equals to those living with the mother (in A27) plus those living elsewhere (in A28) and those dead (in A29). Similarly the sum of females in A27 and A28 and A29 should sum to females in A26.
Part 3: Fertility information of females aged 15 and over listed in column 2 of part 2
[Questions 1-8 were asked of females age 15 and older]
Fertility information
Number of children born (give number in two digits, like 01, 02... 10, 11, etc. If none, write 00)
[6] How many of them have died?
86. Column 4, 5, 6: Number of children born.
The questions in these Columns have been designed in such a way as to elicit the vital information we require without embarrassing the respondents. We have to find out the total number of children born to a woman, number of children living and number of children dead among them. Please remember that the nature of responses you will obtain will depend, to a great extent, on how tactfully you put these questions. Great care must be taken to choose words which, while retaining the exact meaning of the questions will not give rise to any emotional feelings Finally, please note that the word "children" in the questions refer to the woman's own offspring of whatever age and sex and not the children of a brother, sister or husband or other relative or non-relative or adopted ones who may be living with her. You should also note that some of the respondents may be old and their memory weak. You should, therefore, exercise patience and help them to recollect the correct number of children born to them. If no child is reported for any of the questions, write 00 in the Column concerned.
Note: It is common experience that the birth of child may not be reported readily if the child is not actually surviving at the time of enumeration. Infant deaths are still high in the country. There is a chance of a number of such cases being missed unless specifically questioned about. It is necessary to record all live births even if the child has died soon thereafter or had not survived to the day of enumeration. Where a woman first answers that no child was ever born to her, you may perhaps question as follows: "It has been found in some houses that a child was born and had died soon after or a few days or month later and such cases had not been reported. It is my hope that there are no such cases here. Am I right?". This may bring in the required response. If she reports 'No' then you can be sure that no birth has been missed.
89. Column 6: (e) and (f) How many of them have died? (Separately for male children dead in Column (e) and female children dead in Column (f)
Record in the space provided the number of the woman's own children by sex who are dead. Note that some women may not easily remember the number of their children who have died. Therefore, you should help the respondent to find the correct number by counting your fingers as she mentions the names of the children dead. This is a sensitive question and you must ascertain the answer without wounding the feelings of the respondent.
Note: Make sure that no child is counted more than once or omitted. Please remember that the number of children born alive to a woman should be equal to the total of number of children living and number of children dead.
Column 4 (a) = Column 5 (c) + Column 6 (e) Column 4 (b) = Column 5 (d) + Column 6 (f)
Number of children born
(Give number in two digits, like: 01, 02... 10, 11, etc. If none, write 00)
6. How many of them have died?
b. Female _ _
Columns 4 to 6: Number of Children Born
114. The questions in this Column have been designed in such a way as to elicit the vital information we require without embarrassing the respondents. We have to find out the total number of children born to a woman, number of children living and number of children dead among them. Please remember that the nature of responses you will obtain will depend, to a great extent, on how tactfully you put these questions. Great care must be taken to choose words which, while retaining the exact meaning of the questions, will not give rise to any emotional feelings. Finally, please note that the word "children" in the questions refers to the woman's own offspring of whatever age and sex and not the children of a brother, sister or husband or other relative or non-relative or adopted ones who may be living with her. You should also note that some of the respondents may be old and their memory weak. You should, therefore, exercise patience and help them to recollect the correct number of children born to them. If no child is reported for any of the questions, write 00 in the column concerned.
Columns 6 (a) and (b): How many of them have died? (separately for male children dead in Column (a) and female children dead in Column (b)
118. Record in the space provided the number of the woman's own children by sex who are dead. Note that some women may not easily remember the number of their children who have died. Therefore, you should help the respondent to find the correct number by counting your fingers as she mentions the names of the children dead. This is a sensitive question and you must ascertain the answer without wounding the feelings of the respondent.
Note: Make sure that no child is counted more than once or omitted. Please remember that the number of children born alive to a woman should be equal to the total of number of children living and number of children dead.
Column 4 (b) = Column 5 (b) + Column 6 (b).
Fertility information
Number of children born (give number in two digits, like: 01, 02... 10, 11, etc. If none, write 00)
6. How many of them are living?
This part of the questionnaire relates to fertility information. These questions will be asked in the case of female aged 15 and over in the household who have already been enumerated in part 2 of Form B household Questionnaire. Note that information should be collected in this part for all women ages 15 and over in the household irrespective of their age or marital status. In other words, this will include elderly women and women who were never married, widowed, divorced, or separated.
82.1 you have already listed the names of usual members present and visitors present in the household on survey night in column 2 of part 2. You have also collected information about the persons in column 3 to 25 of part 2. Now you have to first identify from columns 2, 4 and 5 of part 2, all female aged 15 and over in the household. As an indication that you have identified each such female, you should tick mark the serial number of the female concerned in column 1 of part 2. You have to collect fertility information about these women and record them in columns 4 to 7 of Form B Part 3 of the questionnaire.
Following are the instructions for filling-in columns 1 to 7 of Form B part 3 of the questionnaire
90. Column 7: (a) and (b): how many of them have died? (separately for male children dead in column (a) and female children dead in column (b)
Record in the space provided the number of the woman's own children by sex who are dead. Note that some women may not easily remember the number of their children who have died. Therefore, you should help the respondent to find the correct number by counting your fingers as she mentions the names of the children dead. This is a sensitive question and you must ascertain the answer without wounding the feelings of the respondent.
Note: make sure that no child is counted more than once or omitted. Please remember that the number of children born alive to a woman should be equal to the total of number of children living and number of children dead.
Fertility information of females aged 15 and over listed in column 2 of part 2
Number of children born
Give number in two digits like 01, 02, 03, ... 10, 11. If none write '00'):
D. Fertility Characteristics
72. How many have died?
Question 72: How many [children] have passed away?
The number of males and females and the total number of children born alive who have passed away up to the census day is recorded. The circles are filled in.
In these columns all women aged ten years and over will be asked the number live birth they have given and the number filled in these columns.
Before entering any data in these columns, it is important to understand the definition of "live birth". Live birth means a newborn baby has life as the time of birth. In general number of babies born live does not include abortion or still birth.
Columns 37 - 39: Total number of children ever born to [the respondent]?
For women ten years and over who has never had children born to them "00" will be entered in the card columns under columns 37, 38 and 39.
Column 37: Living at Home
Number of children by gender living with the household their mother is a member of will be entered in card columns 68 and 69 under column 37. Code "00" will be entered in card columns 68 and 69 for women aged ten years and over if the children do not live with them.
Column 38: Living elsewhere
In column 38 card columns 70 and 71 number of children living elsewhere will be entered by gender. If the children born to the woman do not live elsewhere then "00" will be entered in this column and in card columns 70 and 71.
Column 39: Dead
Number of children dead by gender, if any, will be entered in column 39 card columns 72 and 73. However if there are no children dead "00" will be entered in this column card columns 72 and 73. When filling this column it has to be noted that children dead means those who died after they were born.
Asked for women aged 10 years and above
[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]
Total number of children ever born alive
36. What is the number of children dead?
Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive
This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
pg 81
(which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.
Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account.
Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.
Column 36: What is the number of children dead? (Male, Female).
By asking the respondent that among the children who are "born alive" how many of them died, the information will be filled on the space provided. But if there is no child dead the space will be filled with "0" for both sexes. When the enumerator fills this question you should remember that children ever dead mean, children who are born alive but dead after some time. As mentioned earlier it is important to remember that children who are dead include children born with marriage and died or children born out of marriage and died.
[Questions 26-29 were asked of long form respondents 10+.]
28. Did you have children who have died?
Question 26-28:- The number of children the respondent has ever born
This question is going to be asked for member of a given household who are females aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.
Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc..., it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account.
Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.
Question 28:- Did you have children who have died? If yes, record how many died (Male, Female).
By asking the respondent that among the children who are "born alive" how many of them died, the information will be filled on the space provided. But if there is no child dead the space will be filled with code "0" for both sexes. When the enumerator fills this question you should remember that children ever dead mean, children who are born alive but dead after some time. As mentioned earlier it is important to remember that children who are dead include children born with marriage and died or children born out of marriage and died.
20. How many have died?
Boys: _
Girls: _
F3. How many have died? If none, 0.
Girls ______
Question F3
166. Ask,
'How many have died?'
Write the number of boys and girls whom the woman has borne alive but who have since died. If the answer is 'none' write '0' in the appropriate box.
167. You have recorded details of all the children the woman has borne alive. You are next required to record particulars of her most recent live birth - that is of the last child she has borne alive.
F2. How many live born children of each sex, [the person] has given birth to have died?
____ Male
____ Female
____ Total
30. Out of those born alive
____ Male
____ Female
____ Male
____ Female
a) How many have passed away?
Record the total number of children who have passed away, along with the number of boys and number of girls.
[p. 58]
b) How many are currently alive?
If there are children still alive, write down the total number of children currently alive, along with the number of boys and number of girls.
44. Number of children who have passed away:
Question 44: Total number of children who died
Fill in number of children who died (excluding stillbirths) in the available space, and the content of the box is categorized by sex. If respondents do not have any children who died, write down "00" in the box provided for men and "00" in the box provided for women.
709. How many boys and girls have died?
Daughters _ _
Question 706 to 716: Number of children born alive
These questions are to collect the characteristics on all of the children born alive to the respondent, regardless of who the father is. When collecting the data on this matter, please explain to the respondent that the events to be covered are the children born alive even if [they are] not living in the same household or have passed away. Born alive is a child who, when born, showed signs of life such as crying, moving or breathing, even if the child only lived a few moments.
Also ask the respondent not to report the number of stillbirths (when the child did not show signs of life), foster children, or stepchildren.
Question 709: Number of children who passed away
Fill in the number of children who passed away (not including stillborn) in the provided box based on the sex. If the respondent does not have any children who passed away, fill in "00" in the box "Son", and "00" in the box "Daughter".
[Questions 220-221 were asked of ever-married women age 10 or older who had a live birth.]
220. How many of [the respondent's] children are:
_ _ Daughters
_ _ Daughters
_ _ Daughters
Questions 220a, 220b and 220c: Total Number of Children Born Alive
Ask the total number of own children who were ever born alive to the household member who meets all the requirements [respondent has had a live birth]. Record the total number of children born alive, those who are still alive and live in this household or live in a different household as well as those who have already died. For the household member who has been married several times, this should include the children from all marriages from the first through the last.
Child born alive is an own child who at the time of its birth had signs of life, even though only for a very short time, such as heart beating, breathing, and crying.
Stillborn means that at the time of birth the child did not show any signs of life. A stillborn child is not included in this question.
If a child lives outside this household and it is not known whether the child is still alive, then it is assumed to be still alive.
In order to be clear and correct, the enumerator should read aloud the results he/she has recorded to confirm the information with the respondent. Say:
b. Number of own children of (Mrs. Arina, for example) still alive and who live outside this household is (1, for example) boy and (no) girl.
c. Number of own children of (Mrs. Arina) who have died is (no) boy and (1) girl."
How many children has this woman given birth to, who were born alive and who have died?
r. Girls ____
136. Then ask,
'Of the children she has borne alive, how many have died?'
137. Many people do not talk of the dead and many others find it painful to talk about their dead children. It is best to ask this question in a matter of fact way and without embarrassment.
138. Write the number of boys who have died in column (q) and the number of girls in column (r). If none of the boys and girls she has borne has died, write '0' in the appropriate column.
139. If, in spite of your best efforts, you cannot obtain this information about the children who have died, write 'refuses' in columns (q) and (r). Do not leave these, or any other columns, blank.
140. You have recorded in columns (m) to (r) details of all the children the woman has borne alive. You are next required to record particulars of her most recent birth, that is the particulars relating to the birth of her last borne child.
How many children has [the respondent] born alive who have died?
P45. Girls ____
How many children have you born alive who have died?
P-46 Boys ____
P-47 Girls ____
P-30, P-31. How many children have you born alive who died?
_ _ Girls
31. Section B: Information regarding females aged 12 years and above
31.5 Columns P30?P31: Children who have died
Then ask, "of the children you have born alive, how many have died?"
Many people find it painful to talk about their dead children. It is best to ask this question in a matter of fact and without embarrassment. Please refer to section B above for the definition of a live birth.
Write the number of boys and girls who have died in columns P30 and P31 respectively. If none of the boys and girls she has borne alive has died, code "0" in the appropriate columns. If, in spite of your best efforts, you cannot obtain this information about the children who have died, leave columns P30 and P31 blank. However, this will not be encouraged.
Before proceeding to columns P32?P36, probe to confirm whether the number of children given in columns P26?P31 is correct by comparing with the entries in columns P24 and P25. If these totals differ, probe further and adjust your entries accordingly.
17. Have you given any live birth?
Information on live births (fertility) should be obtained for all women aged 15 to 49 years. For all others, i.e. for women less than 15 years and those more than 49 years and all males, "N/A" should be recorded.
Information should be requested of all women 15-49 years, irrespective of their marital status or whether you think they have borne children or not. Efforts should be made to get responses from the women themselves and permission to do so should be obtained from the head of household. If the woman concerned is not present, someone else - preferably the head of household - should be used to answer the questions.
Definition of live birth
A child born alive is one who cries after being born. Thus, a live birth is a birth which results in a child that shows any sign of life irrespective of the time of period within which these signs are manifest.
Question 17: Children ever born
Identify all eligible women using the age of the woman. Check with question 2 for consistency; the number of children in question 2 must be equal or higher than the number in question 17 (the higher number in question 2 accepted because foster children also are eligible in that question).
p.25
There are four parts to this question and the order of asking them is as follows:
Question 18: Children ever born
Identify all eligible women using the age of the woman. Check with question 2 for consistency; the number of children in question 2 must be equal or higher than the number in question 17 (the higher number in question 2 accepted because foster children also are eligible in that question).
There are four parts to this question and the order of asking them is as follows:
d. How many children born alive to you (or name) have died?
Number of children ever born alive
Question Q29, Q30, Q31: Number of live births
Refers to the total number of children born including those who are alive and those who have died. Children who are still alive may be staying with their mothers or elsewhere. Adopted children, loved ones, children of fiancées, or cousins born by other people are not counted.
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Write the number of live births for each question below:
26. Has (the respondent) given any live birth?
138. Column 27 to 30. Enter NA if the person is male or female under 12 years and 99 if the respondent does not know about the woman's fertility and the woman in question is absent. If the woman is 12 years and over and has never born a child enter a 0 in sections 271 to 276.
Sections 271 and 272 Total number of children living with the mother at the time of census. Write in these columns the total number of male and/or female children actually born to this woman living with her.
Sections 273 and 274: Those who are living elsewhere (such as those in institutions, married and living with their family elsewhere).
Sections 275 and 276: Those that were born alive and died even if they only lived for a few minutes. Do not include still births (ba hlahileng ba khathetse).
Note: before asking the next question check that the total number of children given in column 26 agrees with the numbers given in sections 271 to 276.
44. How many daughters have died?
114. Column 44: How many daughters have died?
P27-32. How many children have been born alive to [the respondent] who are?
Number of children ever born alive
Number of children ever born alive:
(i) Living in this household: Ask each woman age 10 years or older the number of children ever born alive to her who are currently living in the same household. Record the number of male children and female children in columns 44-45 and columns 46-47, respectively.
(ii) Living elsewhere: Ask each woman age 10 years or older the number of children ever born alive to her who are living elsewhere that is away from the household the woman is living in. Record the number of male children in column 48 and female children in column 49, accordingly.
Remember that all children, young or grown up, who are living on their own or with relatives whether within or outside the same village or place but away from the household the woman is living in are to be recorded in this category. Emphasise to the woman that you want to know the number of all her children who were born alive irrespective of their ages and where they are living.
(iii) Have since died: Ask the woman the total number of children she has ever borne alive, but have since died. Record the number of male and female children who have died in column 50 and column 51, respectively.
While probing for this information make sure that the woman does not exclude any of her children who might have died shortly after birth as long as they were born alive.
[Rest of the paragraph is unclear in the original copy.]
Note: You should make sure that you do not leave any columns from 42 to 55 blank for any woman aged 10 years or more. For instance where a woman has reported to have no children ever born alive under any specific column in question (p) or no live births under any specific column in question (q), you should record zeroes) and not leave the columns blank.
How many have died? If none, enter "00".
B26. Female _ _
5. Women age 12 years or older
Questions B20 to B30 should be asked only of women aged 12 years or more.
How many children has this woman borne alive?
B25-B26. How many have died?
Ask the woman how many male and female children of the total number of children born alive have since died. Record in 2 digits the number of dead male children in column B25 and the number of dead female children in column B26.
28. How many of those children are no longer alive (dead)?
186. The questions on births and children related issues will be asked to ever-married women aged 15 and above. Many women may be reluctant to answer questions about their children. There are various reasons for this, but it is your duty to obtain the answers. It will require firmness, politeness, tact, understanding and, for some questions such as death, sympathy.
187. Only females above 15 years who have ever married should respond to the questions on births. Use Q4 - sex, Q5 - age, and Q6 - marital status, to determine eligible persons for this section. These questions will be used to estimate fertility and childhood mortality levels in Myanmar. The information would also be used to undertake population projections required for future planning purposes.
13. How many children were ever born to ____?
(State all children live born by sex)
Daughter ____
[20] How many children were ever born to [the respondent]?
Column 20: has [the respondent] ever given birth to an alive child?
(Ask the married women aged 15-49 years old)
The purpose of this question is to determine fertility rate of married women in fertility age. Therefore, this question should be asked the married women in fertility age (15-49) at the time of enumeration.
Born alive means the child born by giving sound, crying, and movement when out of the mother's womb or giving indication of living. At the time of birth if a child does not give any indication of living such as sound, crying, or movement, then such child is not considered alive. Miscarriage or stillbirth is not also considered alive. If it is stillbirth, there is no need to include in counting. But the living child should not be left in counting.
[Image is omitted]
Ask whether they have alive children to women who have been married once (any marital status from reference 2 to 7 of column 7) and women from 15-49 years old, and if they have, circle the reference 1. Also ask how many alive children they gave birth and their current status (living in the household, living elsewhere, or dead), and accordingly fill up the information in the related box. While writing the number of children, only state the children born from the counted woman's womb. The children born from others, another wife of husband, adopted children should not be written under the children from the woman.
[p. 71]
The questions related to birth are known more to the concerned woman. If you asked these question [to a man], the responses likely to be wrong and hence, such question should be asked to the woman as far as possible.
3. Dead children - If any child was born alive but died immediately after birth or later in the family, then his/her number should be written in this section, separating the numbers of son and daughter. But children from stillbirth should not be included here.
15B. Have any of your children died?
Urban RNVs and rural villages
Question 15
This question has 4 parts, A, B, C and D.
For all females 15 years of age and older (born in 1965 or before)
Part B
23. How many of [the respondent's] own children are dead?
Question 23: Number of Own Children Dead
Q23. How many of your own children are dead?
Get this information for: All PNG citizen women aged 15 years or more who have given birth to at least one child.
How to ask:
"Have any of your own children have died?"
It may be difficult to get a good response because some women don't like to talk about dead children. Be kind and considerate when you ask.
The question is important and must be asked.
Even if the answer is No, ask "Did you ever have any babies who cried or showed signs of life but survived only a few minutes/days/weeks?"
When a number is given, ask "How many of these dead children were boys and how many were girls?"
How to record: Record the number of dead male children in the box for Boys, and the number of dead female children in the box for Girls.
Note: Do not record still births (that is, giving birth to a dead child), adopted/foster children, step-children.
The figures in Q21, Q22 and Q23 for each woman MUST add up to the figures in Q20. Check these totals as you go. If the numbers don't add up to the number in Q20, ask the respondent to clarify.
For those who answered "yes," ask the following questions:
How many children have died?
____ Males
____ Females
[A depiction of question 10 to the right of the preceding text is omitted here.]
If the answer is no or do not know, annul the rest of the questions in this box. If the answer is yes, ask the following questions.
How many children born alive have you had in total?
On the corresponding line write the total number of children born alive; the number of men and women, including those who are absent or who have died.
[A depiction of the question to the right of the preceding text and a drawing below the text are omitted here.]
How many of them currently live in Paraguay?
Write down the total number of men and women children who currently live in Paraguay, be it in the place of enumeration or in another district.
[A depiction of question to the right of the preceding text and a drawing below the text is omitted here.]
[P. 43]
How many of them currently live outside of the country?
Write down the total number of men and women children who currently reside outside of the country. Do not include those who are outside of the country on a visit or for business.
[A depiction of question and a drawing to the right of the preceding text is omitted here.]
How many children have died?
[A depiction of question below the preceding text and a drawing to the left of the text is omitted here.]
Write down the total number of children, men and/or women, who have died. Do not include those born dead.
On what date was your last child born? Is that child still alive?
On the corresponding line write the day, month, and year of birth of the last child born alive.
Make an X in the corresponding box, indicating if this child is alive or dead.
[A depiction of question to the right of the preceding text is omitted here.]
P33. Female _ _
P33 -- Female children dead
146. Ask: "How many of the female children are dead?" Write the answer in column P33. Record "00" if she has no female child dead. Always use two digits.
147. Sometimes a woman may forget to mention children who died in infancy and does not wish to be reminded of painful events; you must therefore put this question tactfully and sympathetically.
148. If a woman has never borne a child, record "00" in each of the eight columns. Similarly, if a woman has children in one or two categories only enter the numbers as appropriate and record "00" in the remaining column or columns. Never leave them blank.
149. You have to be careful when you record answers pertaining to the total number of children borne by a woman in her lifetime. The total number of children ever born by a woman will not likely exceed 17 and use that number as a guide. You must therefore probe further if the total number of children recorded for a woman in P26 and P27 exceeds 17.
[Questions P26 - P33: Females age 10 or older]
P32-33 Dead (record as given) ("00" No child)
[] F __
Females aged 10 years and over [Questions P34-P37]
P37. Children dead
Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.
Columns (P34M) to (P37F) -- Fertility.
Questions P34M to P37F apply to all women aged 10 years and over. For all males and for girls aged less than 10 years, put a dash in each of these spaces as appropriate.
161. These questions must be answered for all women aged 10 years and over, irrespective of their marital status, and whatever their relationship to the head of the household is.
P37F -- Female children dead
173. Ask, "How many of the female children born to (name) are dead?" Write the answer in column (P37F). Record '00' if she has no female child dead.
174. Sometimes a woman may forget to mention children who died in infancy and does not wish to be reminded of painful events; you must therefore put this question tactfully and sympathetically.
175. If a woman has never given birth to a child, record "00" in each of the eight columns. Similarly, if a woman has children in one or two categories only enter the numbers as appropriate and record '00' in the remaining column or columns. Never leave them blank.
176. You have to be careful when you record answers pertaining to the total number of children born to a woman in her lifetime. The total number of children ever born by a woman will not likely exceed 17 and use that number as a guide. You must therefore probe further if the total number of children recorded for a woman in P34M and P34F exceeds 17.
177. When you have recorded the responses, check the following:
P-44 Total children no longer alive
_ _
b. How many were boys?
_ _
c. How many were girls?
_ _
(P-44) Total children no longer alive:
a. How many of (the person's) children are no longer alive?
b. How many were boys?
c. How many were girls?
As this is a sensitive question, care should be taken when asking it.
Confirm that the total of b. and c. matches a. If there are any discrepancies, probe.
The total for P-42 plus P-43 plus P-44 cannot be greater than the total for children ever born alive in P-41.
[3.7] Household members
[3.7.8] Fertility
Now, I am going to ask you questions about your biological children.
[3.7.8.6] How many of the respondent's children are no longer alive? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[3.7.8.8] How many are girls? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
29. How many of those children are no longer alive?
Female _ _
Q29 "How many of those children are no longer alive?" Continuing with the same female respondent, ask question 29.
Verifying the number of children:
Verify the number of children as soon as you complete question 29, so that you can correct any mistakes with the respondent.
29. How many of those children are no longer alive?
Female _ _
Q29 "How many of those children are no longer alive?" Continuing with the same female respondent, ask question 29.
Verifying the number of children:
Verify the number of children as soon as you complete question 29, so that you can correct any mistakes with the respondent.
Women aged 12 to 64
[Questions P26 through P30 were asked of women aged 12 to 64.]
P28. How many live-born children of this woman have died?
21. How many children were born alive to [the respondent] and who are now dead?
Indicate the sex of the children:
____ Males
____ Females
23. How many male/female children were born alive to [respondent] and are now dead?
Male _ _
Female _ _
Question 23: How many children did you give birth to who were alive but died?
Most people do not like to talk about the deceased, and most of them feel pain to talk about their decease children. It is good to ask this question in a polite way without upsetting the respondent.
Write the number of male and female children who are deceased and shade the corresponding spaces. Children involved here are those who were born alive and later passed away. Use two digits in writing the answer given.
If the respondent has never lost a child, write "00" in the space for male children and "00" in the space for female children, then shade in the corresponding spaces.
[P. 64]
[Illustration for question 23 is omitted]
Children ever born
30. How many male/female children were born alive to [the respondent] and are now unfortunately dead?
For all children ever born
P23 How many children has name borne? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___
P24 How many are living in this household? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___
P25 How many are alive, but living elsewhere? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___
P26 How many are dead? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___
Question P26: Children Dead
Ask, "How many are dead?"
182. Write the number of dead children. In case none of her children has died, write code "00"
183. Remember to include those children who died immediately after being born. Always try to be very careful when collecting such information. Use the same format as used in Question P23.
184. Be sympathetic to her but remind her that the information is useful
185. Check questions P23 to P26 for consistency. P23 = P24 + P25 + P26. This is true for either sex. If this equation does not balance, probe to ensure that it balances before you proceed to the next question.
For females (12-54 years) only
P29 Of the total children ever borne, how many are dead? Among these children, how many are boys and how many are girls? If the woman has never given birth, record 00 in the boxes below. 97 = N/A.
KT6. Check Q3, Q4, and Q5 to define women aged from 10 to 49 (born since April 1969 to March 2009) then go to Q34; otherwise next person.
34. Have you ever given birth?
37. Were there any instances where you gave birth to a living child but they later died? If yes, what is the number of sons and daughters who died?
Part 1: Information about members of the household
Part 1 of the Census form consists of 41 questions, numbered sequentially from Question 1 to Question 41.
The respondent is the head of the household or a person knowledgeable about members of the household. For information on employment and birth history of women, DTV needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and collect information. In addition, for other information about members of the household, if the head of the household or the information provider is not knowledgeable, DTV also needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and record the information.
Test 6 (KT6)
The test question is intended to identify female members of the household from 10 to 49 years old (female, born from April 1969 to March 2009) to ask Question 34; for the remaining cases, DTV asks the next person.
[p.68]
In case the month of birth cannot be identified (the month of birth in Question 4 is recorded as "98"), DTV proceeds to Question 34 for women born between 1970 and 2009.
Question 37: Did you have any children born alive but then deceased? IF SO: give the number of deceased sons and daughters.
DTV asks about the children born alive to DTDT but passed away before the time of the census. This is a sensitive question, DTV needs to interview slowly and carefully, especially in cases where the DTDT's children were born alive but passed away at an early age.
DTV records DTDT's answer in the blank box. If there is no son or daughter born alive to DTDT but deceased before the time of the census, DTV records "00" in two corresponding boxes (for electronic form, record "0").
DTV must not leave a blank in any of the large boxes in the response sections of Questions 35, 36, and 37.
F-1 Live birth
Have you ever had a live birth? (Including babies who dies after birth)
F-2 Age at first live birth
How old were you when you first had a live birth? ____
F-4
a. How many are still living with you? How many of these are male and how many female?
b. How many are living elsewhere in some other household? How many of these are male and how many are female?
c. How many died? How many of these are male and how many are female?
1. You are about to start a new topic so you have to prepare the respondent by informing her that you are now going to ask her questions about children and child bearing. Remember these are questions to be asked of female adults and not for husbands to answer for their wives, except where it is inevitable. Questions on fertility are to be asked only of those females who are 12 years old and over and they involve only their own children.
F - 4: Of the children born to you alive how many ...?
5. The number of male and female children ever born alive to this female is to be recorded separately in three different categories. These are: still living and still at home with the respondent (i.e staying in the same household with the respondent); still living but staying with some other households e.g other relatives, married off, in institutions e.t.c; 'and those who have since died (regardless of whether the death took place just after birth or much later in life).
45
6. If a woman is visiting, then the question of "still living with you should be asked with respect to her usual place of residence. That is about children she normally stays with. Enter the number of children as reported by sex in two digits e.g. 1 male child living with her = 01, 2 children = 02, 10 children = 10 and they should be entered into the respective boxes. If the answer is none enter 00, never leave a box blank except where there is a 'Go To instruction.
27. Of the children born to you alive:
a. How many are still living with you? How many of these are male and how many are female?
b. how many are living elsewhere in some other household? How many of these are male and how many are female?
c. how many died? How many of these are male and how many are female?
You are about to start a new topic so you have to prepare the respondent by informing her that you are now going to ask her questions about children and child bearing. Remember these are questions to be asked of female adults and not for husbands to answer for their wives, except where it is inevitable. Questions on fertility are to be asked only of those females who are 12 years and older and they involve only their own children.
P29: Live Births
This is a child who, after being delivered showed signs of life, like crying, movement by involuntary reflexes, etc. If a child never showed any of these actions when it was born, then it was not a live birth. Married females tend to leave out children from earlier marriages. These are also supposed to be included for all the questions. Shade first box for YES and the second for No. If the answer is NO, skip to Question P-33.
P30: Of The Children Born To You Alive How Many....?
The number of male and female children ever born alive to this female is to be recorded separately in three different categories. These are
If a woman is visiting, then the question of "still living with you" should be asked with respect to her usual place of residence. That is about children she normally stays with. Enter the number of children as reported by sex in two digits e.g. if 1 male child is living with her shade 0 in the first column and I in the second column under male. If the answer is none, enter 00 and shade the 2 zeros in the two columns. Never leave a column blank.
Of the children born to you alive how many are?.?
P41. Dead?
You are about to start a new topic so you have to prepare the respondent by informing her that you are now going to ask her questions about children and child bearing. Remember these are questions to be asked to females 12 years and older and not for husbands to answer for their wives. Questions on fertility are to be asked only to those females who are 12 years and older and they involve only their own children. If the female is a usual member present or a visitor, fertility questions have to be asked to them personally. If they are not around, a call back has to be made until they are found and information is collected. If the enumerator cannot find the female respondent even after making at least three visits, the enumerator should inform the supervisor.
P-41: Of the children born to you alive, how many are dead?
This question is asking for the number of male and female children ever born alive to this female but have since died (regardless of whether the death took place just after birth or much later in life).
Enter the number of children as reported by sex e.g. if 1 male child is dead, enter 1 in the box for male. If the answer is none, enter 0 in the box but if the number of male or female children is ten or more enter the two digits in one box according to sex. Never leave a box blank.
If yes, how many children born to (the respondent) have died?
Information on live births (fertility) should be obtained for all women age 15 to 49 years. Information should be requested of all of them irrespective of the marital status, whether or not they are visitors, at school, or you think they have never given birth to any children.
Effort should be made to get responses from the women themselves and permission to do this should be obtained from the head of household. Where the woman concerned is not present, a proxy should be used to answer the question.
[pg. 35]
Definition of Live Birth: a life birth is one which results in a child that shows any sign of life irrespective of the time or the period within which these signs are manifested, e.g. crying, movement of limbs.
Before proceeding with the actual interview, identify all eligible women using the age of the woman. Lumping ages should be discouraged as it can be shown on the pyramid that the age distribution has been improperly entered.
How many children born alive to you (or name) have died?
Make the appropriate entries under columns for males and females.
This information is extremely important and is the most difficult on which to obtain accurate data, because some respondents may fail to mention children who died very young. Probe by asking "Any male or female who was born alive but only survived a few days or hours?"
Some respondents may be reluctant to talk about it or may become sad or upset that you are asking such questions. Be tactful in such situations. Say you know the subject is painful but the information is important.