IPUMS-I: descr: NATIVITY

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NATIVITY

Nativity status

Return to Nativity and Birthplace variables list

Codes and Frequencies

Category availability view
Case-count view

An 'X' indicates the category is available for that sample

Code	Label	argent 1970	argent 1980	argent 1991	argent 2001	argent 2010	armen 2001	armen 2011	austria 2001	austria 2011	belaru 1999	belaru 2009	benin 2002	benin 2013	boliv 1976	boliv 1992	Code	Label	boliv 2001	boliv 2012	botsw 2001	botsw 2011	brazil 1960	brazil 1970	brazil 1980	brazil 1991	brazil 2000	brazil 2010	bfaso 1996	bfaso 2006	cambo 1998	cambo 2004	cambo 2008	Code	Label	cambo 2013	cambo 2019	camer 1976	camer 1987	camer 2005	canada 1971	canada 1981	canada 1991	canada 2001	canada 2011	chile 1960	chile 1970	chile 1982	chile 1992	chile 2002	Code	Label	chile 2017	colom 1964	colom 1973	colom 1985	colom 1993	colom 2005	costar 1963	costar 1973	costar 1984	costar 2000	costar 2011	cuba 2002	cuba 2012	cotdiv 1988	cotdiv 1998	Code	Label	domrep 1960	domrep 1970	domrep 1981	domrep 2002	domrep 2010	ecuad 1962	ecuad 1974	ecuad 1982	ecuad 1990	ecuad 2001	ecuad 2010	egypt 1986	egypt 1996	egypt 2006	elsalv 1992	Code	Label	elsalv 2007	fiji 1966	fiji 1976	fiji 1986	fiji 1996	fiji 2007	france 1962	france 1968	france 1975	france 1982	france 1990	france 1999	france 2006	france 2011	ghana 1984	Code	Label	ghana 2000	ghana 2010	greece 2001	greece 2011	guatem 1964	guatem 1973	guatem 1981	guatem 1994	guatem 2002	guine 1983	guine 1996	haiti 1971	haiti 2003	hondur 1961	hondur 1974	Code	Label	hondur 1988	hondur 2001	hondur 2013	indon 1971	indon 1976	indon 1980	indon 1985	indon 1990	indon 1995	indon 2000	indon 2005	indon 2010	iran 2006	iran 2011	iraq 1997	Code	Label	irelan 1971	irelan 1981	irelan 1986	irelan 1991	irelan 1996	irelan 2002	irelan 2006	irelan 2011	israel 1972	israel 1983	israel 1995	italy 2001	italy 2011	jamai 1982	jamai 1991	Code	Label	jamai 2001	kenya 1969	kenya 1979	kenya 1989	kenya 1999	kenya 2009	kenya 2019	kyrgz 1999	kyrgz 2009	laos 1995	laos 2005	laos 2015	lesoth 1996	lesoth 2006	liber 1974	Code	Label	liber 2008	malaw 1987	malaw 1998	malaw 2008	malaw 2018	malay 1970	malay 1980	malay 1991	malay 2000	mali 1987	mali 1998	mali 2009	maurit 2011	mexico 1960	mexico 1970	Code	Label	mexico 1990	mexico 1995	mexico 2000	mexico 2010	mexico 2015	mexico 2020	mong 1989	mong 2000	mong 2010	mong 2020	moroc 1982	moroc 1994	mozam 1997	mozam 2007	mozam 2017	Code	Label	nepal 2001	nepal 2011	nether 1960	nether 1971	nether 2001	nether 2011	nicar 1971	nicar 1995	nicar 2005	pakist 1973	palest 1997	palest 2007	panam 1960	panam 1970	panam 1980	Code	Label	panam 1990	panam 2000	panam 2010	papua 1980	papua 1990	papua 2000	paragu 1962	paragu 1972	paragu 1982	paragu 1992	paragu 2002	peru 1993	peru 2007	peru 2017	philipp 1990	Code	Label	philipp 2000	poland 2002	poland 2011	portug 1981	portug 1991	portug 2001	portug 2011	puerto 1970	puerto 1980	puerto 1990	puerto 2000	puerto 2005	puerto 2010	puerto 2015	puerto 2020	Code	Label	roman 1977	roman 1992	roman 2002	roman 2011	russia 2002	russia 2010	rwand 1991	rwand 2002	rwand 2012	stluc 1980	stluc 1991	seneg 1988	seneg 2002	sleone 2004	sleone 2015	Code	Label	slov 2002	safrica 1996	safrica 2001	safrica 2007	safrica 2011	safrica 2016	sosud 2008	spain 1981	spain 1991	spain 2001	spain 2011	sudan 2008	switz 1970	switz 1980	switz 1990	Code	Label	switz 2000	switz 2011	tanz 1988	tanz 2002	tanz 2012	thai 1970	thai 1980	thai 1990	thai 2000	togo 1960	togo 1970	togo 2010	trintob 1970	trintob 1980	trintob 1990	Code	Label	trintob 2000	trintob 2011	turke 1985	turke 1990	turke 2000	uganda 1991	uganda 2002	ukraine 2001	uk 1991	uk 2001	usa 1960	usa 1970	usa 1980	usa 1990	usa 2000	Code	Label	usa 2005	usa 2010	usa 2015	usa 2020	urug 1963	urug 1975	urug 1985	urug 1996	urug 2006	urug 2011	venez 1971	venez 1981	venez 1990	venez 2001	zambia 1990	Code	Label	zambia 2000	zambia 2010	zimbab 2012
0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	X	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	·	X	·	·	·	X	X	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	X	·	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	0	NIU (not in universe)	·	X	·
1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	1	Native-born	X	X	X
2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	2	Foreign-born	X	X	X
9	Unknown/missing	X	·	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	X	9	Unknown/missing	·	·	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	X	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	·	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	·	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	·	9	Unknown/missing	·	·	X	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	9	Unknown/missing	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	·	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	·	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	X	·	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	·	X	·	X	·	·	·	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	·	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	·	X	·	X	X	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	X	·	·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	X	·	·	X	·	·	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	·	·	·	9	Unknown/missing	·	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	X	·	·	X	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	X	X	X	X	X	9	Unknown/missing	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	·	·	·	·	·	·	·	9	Unknown/missing	·	·	·	·	X	X	X	X	·	X	·	X	X	X	·	9	Unknown/missing	·	X	X

Explore how IPUMS created this variable

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      class Nativity : public Editor {

public:
  Nativity(VarPointer varInfo) : Editor(varInfo) {}
  void edit() {

    long a = getRecoded();
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::co1973a) {
      if (CO1973A_0406() > 0 && CO1973A_0406() < 998) {
        a = 1;
      }
      if (CO1973A_0406() == 0) {
        a = 2;
      }
      if (CO1973A_0406() == 998 || CO1973A_0406() == 999)
        a = 9;
    }
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::us1960a) {
      if (US1960A_0433() / 100 < 100)
        a = 1;
      if (US1960A_0433() / 100 >= 100)
        a = 2;
    }
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::us1970a) {
      if (US1970A_0430() / 100 < 100)
        a = 1;
      if (US1970A_0430() / 100 >= 100)
        a = 2;
    }
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::us1980a) {
      if (US1980A_0432() / 100 < 100)
        a = 1;
      if (US1980A_0432() / 100 >= 100)
        a = 2;
    }
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::us1990a) {
      if (US1990A_0430() / 100 < 100)
        a = 1;
      if (US1990A_0430() / 100 >= 100)
        a = 2;
    }
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::us2000a) {
      if (US2000A_0428() / 100 < 100)
        a = 1;
      if (US2000A_0428() / 100 >= 100)
        a = 2;
    }
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::jm1982a) {
      if (JM1982A_0407() == 99 && JM1982A_0073(0) != 0)
        a = 0;
    }
    if (dataSet == dataset_id::mz2007a) {
      if (MZ2007A_0404() == 3 && MZ2007A_0409() == 99)
        a = 0;
    }
    switch (dataSet) {
    case dataset_id::us1850a:
    case dataset_id::us1850b:
    case dataset_id::us1860a:
    case dataset_id::us1870a:
    case dataset_id::us1880a:
    case dataset_id::us1880b:
    case dataset_id::us1900a:
    case dataset_id::us1910a: {
      a = 2;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 99999)
        a = 9;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 24040)
        a = 1;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::no1865a:
    case dataset_id::no1875a:
    case dataset_id::no1900a:
    case dataset_id::no1910a: {
      a = 2;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 99999)
        a = 9;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 42090 || BPLCOUNTRY() == 42100)
        a = 1;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::se1880a:
    case dataset_id::se1890a:
    case dataset_id::se1900a:
    case dataset_id::se1910a: {
      a = 2;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 99999)
        a = 9;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 42110)
        a = 1;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::ca1871a:
    case dataset_id::ca1881a:
    case dataset_id::ca1891a:
    case dataset_id::ca1901a:
    case dataset_id::ca1911a: {
      a = 2;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 99999)
        a = 9;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 24020)
        a = 1;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::uk1851a:
    case dataset_id::uk1851b:
    case dataset_id::uk1851c:
    case dataset_id::uk1861a:
    case dataset_id::uk1861b:
    case dataset_id::uk1871b:
    case dataset_id::uk1881a:
    case dataset_id::uk1881b:
    case dataset_id::uk1891a:
    case dataset_id::uk1891b:
    case dataset_id::uk1901a:
    case dataset_id::uk1901b:
    case dataset_id::uk1911a: {
      a = 2;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 99999)
        a = 9;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 42120)
        a = 1;
    } break;
    case dataset_id::is1901a:
    case dataset_id::is1910a: {
      a = 2;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 99999)
        a = 9;
      if (BPLCOUNTRY() == 42050)
        a = 1;
    } break;
    }

    setData(a);
  }
};

Comparability — Index

GENERAL
Argentina
Cambodia
Canada
Egypt
France
Ireland
Israel

Jamaica
Malawi
Palestine
Panama
Puerto Rico
Romania
South Africa
South Sudan

Sudan
Tanzania
Thailand
Trinidad and Tobago
United Kingdom
United States
Zambia

Comparability — General

The variable is fully comparable across samples apart from a few small variations in the universe. Some samples give specific country of birth in BPLCOUNTRY. Note that nativity status has no necessary implication for the person's citizenship status.

An alternative weight variable must be used to yield accurate statistics for 1991 Argentina.

Comparability — Argentina [top]

In 1991, roughly half the cases in the sample lack data for this and several other variables. Users should apply the alternative weight variable AR1991A_0434 when using one of these variables.

Comparability — Cambodia [top]

For all samples, birthplace is defined by the mother's usual residence at the time of birth.

Comparability — Canada [top]

Institutional inmates were not asked their nativity in 1981.

Comparability — Egypt [top]

All persons were asked for the 1986 and 1996 samples. Visitors were not asked in 2006.

Comparability — France [top]

The foreign-born category includes native French persons born outside of continental France.

Comparability — Ireland [top]

In 1901-2002, the question was asked of all persons. In 2006 and 2011, the question was asked of persons who were not absent at the time of the census. In all samples, Northern Ireland is coded as foreign-born.

Comparability — Israel [top]

The 1972 and 1983 censuses specified that Israel (native-born in this context) was to include the original British mandate and the occupied territories. The 1995 census was not specific on this point.

Comparability — Jamaica [top]

The 1982 and 1991 censuses asked the question of persons in private households, whereas the 2001 census asked the question of all persons.

Comparability — Malawi [top]

The 1998 census question was labeled "nationality" but the instructions suggest the response was intended to capture "country of origin" rather than citizenship. We have interpreted it as birthplace.

Comparability — Palestine [top]

The category "1948 areas/Israel" is coded as "foreign-born." See the unharmonized input variable to identify these persons.

The 2007 census did not ask the question of persons in the area of Jerusalem annexed by Israel in 1967.

Comparability — Panama [top]

The 1960 category "Canal" is considered "native-born".

Comparability — Puerto Rico [top]

Persons born in U.S., and American "outlying areas" are considered foreign-born for purposes of this variable.

Comparability — Romania [top]

In 1977, 1992, and 2002, nativity is defined according to the locality where the mother of the enumerated person had legal residence at the date when the birth took place. The data in 2011 directly identifies whether the person was a native born or foreigner.

Comparability — South Africa [top]

The universe differs across samples with respect to members of collective dwellings.

Comparability — South Sudan [top]

Persons born in what is now Sudan were "native-born" at the time of the census so are included in that category.

Comparability — Sudan [top]

Persons born in what is now South Sudan were "native-born" at the time of the census so are included in that category.

Comparability — Tanzania [top]

Nativity is defined in 2002 for persons in private households, while it is available for all persons in 1988 and 2012.

Comparability — Thailand [top]

The 1980 variable refers to mother's permanent residence at the time of birth; the other samples directly report place of birth. There is likely little or no practical difference.

Comparability — Trinidad and Tobago [top]

All persons were asked the question in 1980, 1990, and 2000 samples. Only persons in private households or institutions were asked about place of birth in the 2011 sample.

Comparability — United Kingdom [top]

Non-resident students were not asked their nativity in 2001.

Comparability — United States [top]

Persons born in U.S. "outlying areas" are considered foreign-born for purposes of this variable.

Comparability — Zambia [top]

In 1990 and 2000, the question was asked of all persons. In 2010, the question was asked of present household members and visitors. The 1990 and 2000 enumeration instructions indicate that this question should have been asked only of present household members and visitors, but nativity status is reported for almost all absent household members; they are included in the universe.

Universe

Argentina 1970: All persons
Argentina 1980: All persons
Argentina 1991: All persons
Argentina 2001: All persons
Argentina 2010: All persons
Armenia 2001: All persons
Armenia 2011: All persons
Austria 2001: All persons
Austria 2011: All persons
Belarus 1999: All persons
Belarus 2009: All persons
Benin 2002: All persons
Benin 2013: All persons
Bolivia 1976: All persons
Bolivia 1992: All persons
Bolivia 2001: All persons
Bolivia 2012: All persons
Botswana 2001: All persons
Botswana 2011: All persons
Brazil 1960: All persons
Brazil 1970: All persons
Brazil 1980: All persons
Brazil 1991: All persons
Brazil 2000: All persons
Brazil 2010: All persons
Burkina Faso 1996: All persons
Burkina Faso 2006: All persons
Cambodia 1998: All persons
Cambodia 2004: All persons
Cambodia 2008: All persons
Cambodia 2013: Present persons
Cambodia 2019: All persons
Cameroon 1976: All persons
Cameroon 1987: All persons
Cameroon 2005: All persons
Canada 1971: All persons
Canada 1981: All persons excluding inmates
Canada 1991: All persons
Canada 2001: All persons
Canada 2011: All persons
Chile 1960: All persons
Chile 1970: All persons
Chile 1982: All persons
Chile 1992: All persons
Chile 2002: All persons
Chile 2017: All persons
Colombia 1964: All persons
Colombia 1973: All persons
Colombia 1985: All persons
Colombia 1993: All persons
Colombia 2005: All persons
Costa Rica 1963: All persons
Costa Rica 1973: All persons
Costa Rica 1984: All persons
Costa Rica 2000: All persons
Costa Rica 2011: All persons
Cuba 2002: All persons
Cuba 2012: All persons
Côte d'Ivoire 1988: All persons
Côte d'Ivoire 1998: All persons
Dominican Republic 1960: All persons
Dominican Republic 1970: All persons
Dominican Republic 1981: All persons
Dominican Republic 2002: All persons
Dominican Republic 2010: All persons
Ecuador 1962: All persons
Ecuador 1974: All persons
Ecuador 1982: All persons
Ecuador 1990: All persons
Ecuador 2001: All persons
Ecuador 2010: All persons
Egypt 1986: All persons
Egypt 1996: All persons
Egypt 2006: All persons except visitors
El Salvador 1992: All persons
El Salvador 2007: All persons
Fiji 1966: All persons
Fiji 1976: All persons
Fiji 1986: All persons
Fiji 1996: All persons
Fiji 2007: All persons
France 1962: All persons
France 1968: All persons
France 1975: All persons
France 1982: All persons
France 1990: All persons
France 1999: All persons
France 2006: All persons
France 2011: All persons
Ghana 1984: All persons
Ghana 2000: All persons
Ghana 2010: All persons
Greece 2001: All persons
Greece 2011: All persons
Guatemala 1964: All persons
Guatemala 1973: All persons
Guatemala 1981: All persons
Guatemala 1994: All persons
Guatemala 2002: All persons
Guinea 1983: All persons
Guinea 1996: All persons
Haiti 1971: All persons
Haiti 2003: All persons
Honduras 1961: All persons
Honduras 1974: All persons
Honduras 1988: All persons
Honduras 2001: All persons
Honduras 2013: All persons
Indonesia 1971: All persons
Indonesia 1976: All persons
Indonesia 1980: All persons
Indonesia 1985: All persons
Indonesia 1990: All persons
Indonesia 1995: All persons
Indonesia 2000: All persons
Indonesia 2005: All persons
Indonesia 2010: All persons
Iran 2006: All persons
Iran 2011: All persons
Iraq 1997: Present persons
Ireland 1971: All persons
Ireland 1981: All persons
Ireland 1986: All persons
Ireland 1991: All persons
Ireland 1996: All persons
Ireland 2002: All persons
Ireland 2006: Non-absent persons
Ireland 2011: Non-absent persons
Israel 1972: All persons
Israel 1983: Jewish persons
Israel 1995: All persons
Italy 2001: All persons
Italy 2011: All persons
Jamaica 1982: Persons in private households
Jamaica 1991: Persons in private households
Jamaica 2001: All persons
Kenya 1969: Not travellers and those receiving the short questionnaire
Kenya 1979: Not travellers and those receiving the short questionnaire
Kenya 1989: All persons
Kenya 1999: Not travellers and those receiving the short questionnaire
Kenya 2009: Not travellers and those receiving the short questionnaire
Kenya 2019: All persons
Kyrgyzstan 1999: All persons
Kyrgyzstan 2009: All persons
Laos 1995: All persons
Laos 2005: All persons
Laos 2015: All persons
Lesotho 1996: All persons
Lesotho 2006: All persons
Liberia 1974: All persons
Liberia 2008: All persons
Malawi 1987: All persons
Malawi 1998: All persons
Malawi 2008: All persons
Malawi 2018: All persons
Malaysia 1970: All persons
Malaysia 1980: All persons
Malaysia 1991: All persons
Malaysia 2000: All persons
Mali 1987: All persons
Mali 1998: All persons
Mali 2009: All persons
Mauritius 2011: All persons
Mexico 1960: All persons
Mexico 1970: All persons
Mexico 1990: All persons
Mexico 1995: All persons
Mexico 2000: All persons
Mexico 2010: All persons
Mexico 2015: All persons
Mexico 2020: All persons
Mongolia 1989: All persons
Mongolia 2000: All persons
Mongolia 2010: All persons
Mongolia 2020: All persons
Morocco 1982: All persons
Morocco 1994: Persons not living in tents
Mozambique 1997: All residents
Mozambique 2007: All residents
Mozambique 2017: All persons
Nepal 2001: All persons
Nepal 2011: All persons
Netherlands 1960: All persons
Netherlands 1971: All persons
Netherlands 2001: All persons
Netherlands 2011: All persons
Nicaragua 1971: All persons
Nicaragua 1995: All persons
Nicaragua 2005: All persons
Pakistan 1973: All persons
Palestine 1997: All persons
Palestine 2007: Not persons in Jerusalem annexed by Israel in 1967
Panama 1960: All persons
Panama 1970: All persons
Panama 1980: All persons
Panama 1990: All persons
Panama 2000: All persons
Panama 2010: All persons
Papua New Guinea 1980: All persons
Papua New Guinea 1990: All persons
Papua New Guinea 2000: All persons
Paraguay 1962: All persons
Paraguay 1972: All persons
Paraguay 1982: All persons
Paraguay 1992: All persons
Paraguay 2002: All persons
Peru 1993: All persons
Peru 2007: All persons
Peru 2017: All persons
Philippines 1990: All persons
Philippines 2000: All persons
Poland 2002: All persons
Poland 2011: All persons
Portugal 1981: All persons
Portugal 1991: All persons
Portugal 2001: All persons
Portugal 2011: All persons
Puerto Rico 1970: All persons
Puerto Rico 1980: All persons
Puerto Rico 1990: All persons
Puerto Rico 2000: All persons
Puerto Rico 2005: All persons
Puerto Rico 2010: All persons
Puerto Rico 2015: All persons
Puerto Rico 2020: All persons
Romania 1977: All persons
Romania 1992: All persons
Romania 2002: All persons
Romania 2011: All persons
Russia 2002: All persons
Russia 2010: All persons
Rwanda 1991: Non-visitors
Rwanda 2002: Non-visitors
Rwanda 2012: Non-visitors
Saint Lucia 1980: All persons
Saint Lucia 1991: All persons
Senegal 1988: All persons
Senegal 2002: All persons
Sierra Leone 2004: All persons
Sierra Leone 2015: All persons
Slovenia 2002: All persons
South Africa 1996: Persons in private households
South Africa 2001: All persons
South Africa 2007: Persons in private households
South Africa 2011: Persons in private households, transients and tourist hotels
South Africa 2016: All persons
South Sudan 2008: All persons
Spain 1981: All persons
Spain 1991: All persons
Spain 2001: All persons
Spain 2011: All persons
Sudan 2008: All persons
Switzerland 1970: All persons
Switzerland 1980: All persons
Switzerland 1990: All persons
Switzerland 2000: All persons
Switzerland 2011: All persons
Tanzania 1988: All persons
Tanzania 2002: Persons in private households
Tanzania 2012: All persons
Thailand 1970: All persons
Thailand 1980: All persons
Thailand 1990: All persons
Thailand 2000: All persons
Togo 1960: All persons
Togo 1970: All persons
Togo 2010: All persons
Trinidad and Tobago 1970: All persons
Trinidad and Tobago 1980: All persons
Trinidad and Tobago 1990: All persons
Trinidad and Tobago 2000: All persons
Trinidad and Tobago 2011: Persons in private households or institutions
Turkey 1985: All persons
Turkey 1990: All persons
Turkey 2000: All persons
Uganda 1991: All persons
Uganda 2002: All persons
Ukraine 2001: All persons
United Kingdom 1991: All persons
United Kingdom 2001: All persons except non-resident students
United States 1960: All persons
United States 1970: All persons
United States 1980: All persons
United States 1990: All persons
United States 2000: All persons
United States 2005: All persons
United States 2010: All persons
United States 2015: All persons
United States 2020: All persons
Uruguay 1963: All persons
Uruguay 1975: All persons
Uruguay 1985: Persons with a usual residence in Uruguay
Uruguay 1996: All persons
Uruguay 2006: Persons in fourth trimester
Uruguay 2011: All persons
Venezuela 1971: All persons
Venezuela 1981: All persons
Venezuela 1990: All persons
Venezuela 2001: All persons
Zambia 1990: All persons
Zambia 2000: All persons
Zambia 2010: Present household members and visitors
Zimbabwe 2012: All persons

Availability

Argentina: 1970, 1980, 1991, 2001, 2010
Armenia: 2001, 2011
Austria: 2001, 2011
Belarus: 1999, 2009
Benin: 2002, 2013
Bolivia: 1976, 1992, 2001, 2012
Botswana: 2001, 2011
Brazil: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000, 2010
Burkina Faso: 1996, 2006
Cambodia: 1998, 2004, 2008, 2013, 2019
Cameroon: 1976, 1987, 2005
Canada: 1871, 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
Chile: 1960, 1970, 1982, 1992, 2002, 2017
Colombia: 1964, 1973, 1985, 1993, 2005
Costa Rica: 1963, 1973, 1984, 2000, 2011
Cuba: 2002, 2012
Côte d'Ivoire: 1988, 1998
Dominican Republic: 1960, 1970, 1981, 2002, 2010
Ecuador: 1962, 1974, 1982, 1990, 2001, 2010
Egypt: 1986, 1996, 2006
El Salvador: 1992, 2007
Fiji: 1966, 1976, 1986, 1996, 2007
France: 1962, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1990, 1999, 2006, 2011
Ghana: 1984, 2000, 2010
Greece: 2001, 2011
Guatemala: 1964, 1973, 1981, 1994, 2002
Guinea: 1983, 1996
Haiti: 1971, 2003
Honduras: 1961, 1974, 1988, 2001, 2013
Iceland: 1901, 1910
Indonesia: 1971, 1976, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010
Iran: 2006, 2011
Iraq: 1997
Ireland: 1901, 1971, 1981, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2006, 2011
Israel: 1972, 1983, 1995
Italy: 2001, 2011, 2011Q1, 2012Q1, 2013Q1, 2014Q1, 2015Q1, 2016Q1, 2017Q1, 2018Q1, 2019Q1, 2020Q1
Jamaica: 1982, 1991, 2001
Kenya: 1969, 1979, 1989, 1999, 2009, 2019
Kyrgyzstan: 1999, 2009
Laos: 1995, 2005, 2015
Lesotho: 1996, 2006
Liberia: 1974, 2008
Malawi: 1987, 1998, 2008, 2018
Malaysia: 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000
Mali: 1987, 1998, 2009
Mauritius: 2011
Mexico: 1960, 1970, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3, 2019Q4, 2020, 2020Q1, 2020Q3
Mongolia: 1989, 2000, 2010, 2020
Morocco: 1982, 1994
Mozambique: 1997, 2007, 2017
Nepal: 2001, 2011
Netherlands: 1960, 1971, 2001, 2011
Nicaragua: 1971, 1995, 2005
Norway: 1865, 1875, 1900, 1910
Pakistan: 1973
Palestine: 1997, 2007
Panama: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010
Papua New Guinea: 1980, 1990, 2000
Paraguay: 1962, 1972, 1982, 1992, 2002
Peru: 1993, 2007, 2017
Philippines: 1990, 2000
Poland: 2002, 2011
Portugal: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
Puerto Rico: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020
Romania: 1977, 1992, 2002, 2011
Russia: 2002, 2010
Rwanda: 1991, 2002, 2012
Saint Lucia: 1980, 1991
Senegal: 1988, 2002
Sierra Leone: 2004, 2015
Slovenia: 2002
South Africa: 1996, 2001, 2007, 2011, 2016
South Sudan: 2008
Spain: 1981, 1991, 2001, 2005Q1, 2005Q2, 2005Q3, 2005Q4, 2006Q1, 2006Q2, 2006Q3, 2006Q4, 2007Q1, 2007Q2, 2007Q3, 2007Q4, 2008Q1, 2008Q2, 2008Q3, 2008Q4, 2009Q1, 2009Q2, 2009Q3, 2009Q4, 2010Q1, 2010Q2, 2010Q3, 2010Q4, 2011, 2011Q1, 2011Q2, 2011Q3, 2011Q4, 2012Q1, 2012Q2, 2012Q3, 2012Q4, 2013Q1, 2013Q2, 2013Q3, 2013Q4, 2014Q1, 2014Q2, 2014Q3, 2014Q4, 2015Q1, 2015Q2, 2015Q3, 2015Q4, 2016Q1, 2016Q2, 2016Q3, 2016Q4, 2017Q1, 2017Q2, 2017Q3, 2017Q4, 2018Q1, 2018Q2, 2018Q3, 2018Q4, 2019Q1, 2019Q2, 2019Q3, 2019Q4, 2020Q1, 2020Q2, 2020Q3, 2020Q4
Sudan: 2008
Sweden: 1880, 1890, 1900, 1910
Switzerland: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2011
Tanzania: 1988, 2002, 2012
Thailand: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
Togo: 1960, 1970, 2010
Trinidad and Tobago: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2011
Turkey: 1985, 1990, 2000
Uganda: 1991, 2002
Ukraine: 2001
United Kingdom: 1851a, 1851b, 1851c, 1861a, 1861b, 1871b, 1881a, 1881b, 1891a, 1891b, 1901a, 1901b, 1911, 1991, 2001
United States: 1850a, 1850b, 1860, 1870, 1880a, 1880b, 1900, 1910, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020
Uruguay: 1963, 1975, 1985, 1996, 2006, 2011
Venezuela: 1971, 1981, 1990, 2001
Zambia: 1990, 2000, 2010
Zimbabwe: 2012

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