Questionnaire Text

Armenia 2011 France 1999 Panama 2000 Switzerland 1990
Belarus 2009 Greece 2001 Papua New Guinea 1990 Switzerland 2000
Bolivia 1992 Guatemala 2002 Papua New Guinea 2000 Thailand 2000
Bolivia 2001 Guinea 1996 Paraguay 2002 Trinidad and Tobago 1990
Botswana 2001 Honduras 2001 Philippines 2000 Trinidad and Tobago 2000
Botswana 2011 Iran 2006 Philippines 2010 Uganda 1991
Cambodia 1998 Iran 2011 Portugal 1991 Uganda 2002
Cambodia 2004 Jordan 2004 Portugal 2001 United Kingdom 1991
Cambodia 2008 Laos 1995 Romania 2002 Uruguay 1996
Chile 1992 Malaysia 2000 Romania 2011 Uruguay 2006
Costa Rica 2000 Mauritius 1990 Rwanda 2002 Venezuela 2001
Cuba 2002 Mauritius 2000 Senegal 2002 Vietnam 1999
Ecuador 2001 Mongolia 2000 South Africa 1996 Zambia 2010
Egypt 2006 Mozambique 1997 South Africa 2001 Zimbabwe 2012
El Salvador 1992 Mozambique 2007 South Africa 2007
El Salvador 2007 Nicaragua 1995 Switzerland 1970
Ethiopia 1994 Nicaragua 2005 Switzerland 1980
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Armenia 2011 — source variable AM2011A_OCC — Occupation
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Questions 21-28 are filled in for 15-75 years old persons.

21. Whether the respondent had a job or income-producing business during the week preceding the census i.e. from October 4 - 11 (including those who are temporarily absent from their job)

[] Yes
[] No

Questions 22-24 were asked of those who had a job or income-producing business.

23. Occupation at the main workplace ___

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Question 28

Your occupation, occupied position, or activity in the main workplace

For those people who had any paid work or profitable job from October 4 to 11 (for whom code "1" was written in the 26th question), the detailed description of the type of the occupation, which they do in the workplace, mentioned in the 27th question, is written:

1) If the respondent had more than one job, and in the observed period he/she was temporary absent from the main workplace, than information on occupation, occupied position or the work (activities) should be completed according to the main workplace (activity) as in the question 27.
2) The occupation or/and occupied position must be written in detail mentioning the type of the work. It's not allowed to write "manager", "master", "typist", "operator" and so on (because most of them have the same name, but they belong to the different sphere of activity), instead it must be written "manager of the library", "manager of the marketing department", "computer operator", "camera operator", and so on.
3) If the title of position, for example "1st class specialist", doesn't allow to define the occupation, the brief job description should be written.
4) For those people who work in their own organizations without hiring people or engaging them in work time after time, the title of the occupation (handicraft) is written; for example "dentist", "sewer" and so on. In case of engaging employees, i.e. he/she is an employer, regardless of his/her occupation in the organization - "director" is written.
5) The detailed description of the wok done is written for those people who do diverse works (except agriculture) that doesn't require a specialization.
6) If the respondent is engaged in farming and produce agricultural products, "Engaged in crop production" or "Engaged in production of milk, eggs", etc. is written, with further explanation whether it whether the production was intended for their own consumption, selling or for other purposes.
7) If the respondent has done different type of agricultural works, and it is difficult to record them separately, than "Engaged in cultivation of agricultural crops" or "Engaged in raising of livestock", or "Engaged in cultivation of agricultural crops and raising of livestock" is written.
8) For those people who work in the organizations that belong to the member of the family, without payment, as an occupation is written the one they are engaged in most of the time. For example, if the member of the family most of the time is engaged in unloading of goods, "porter" is written.
9) For those people who serve in the army, then write "serves in the army."


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Belarus 2009 — source variable BY2009A_OCC — Occupation
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Form 2H: Personal Questionnaire
If the respondent had two or more places of employment, questions 17.1-17.4 should refer to the place of employment which he/she considers the main.
[After responding to questions 17.1-17.4, skip question 18.]
17.3 Describe your position, functional duties or the work you have been doing, indicating major occupation (for example, drug-store manager, chemical engineer, chief economist, head of department, truck rider, car driver, seller at the market)
Please provide the detailed answer. ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Questions 17.1 -- 17.4 relate to the employment which is considered by the respondent as his/her main job.
If the respondent had more than one job, and finds difficult to determine the main one, it should be noted that the main job is the job where the respondent's work record card is kept, or the greatest number of hours is worked, or the highest income is earned;
33.17. In question 17.3. "Describe your position, functional duties or active job", the respondent should, as accurately as possible, describe his/her post or duties avoiding abbreviations. For example: "engineering foreman of railway car shed", "master of vocational training", "laboratory microbiologist", "chemistry analyst", "administrative assistant", "clerk of court", etc. or, if difficult to determine, he/she should describe the work performed, for example: "develop and implement software", "offer goods to buyers on phone", "repair motor-car engines", etc.

It should be noted that the respondent is to specify his/her position or duties directly performed at his job rather than his/her profession (qualification) obtained in training.

For individual entrepreneurs the enumerator should complete the names of their positions, for example: "sewer", "shoemaker", "photographer", etc., or the duties performed: "car wash", "painting of walls and ceilings, pasting of wallpaper", etc.

The answer "unskilled labourer" should be completed for respondents engaged in various unskilled works (other than agricultural works) and in other cases it is necessary to find out the nature of the work and enter, for example: "loader", "watchman", "cloakroom attendant", etc.;

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Bolivia 1992 — source variable BO1992A_OCC — Occupation
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Only for those who marked one of the choices in part A in the previous question (15).
[Applies to questions 16-18.]


16. During the last week (or in your last job if unemployed), what was your principal occupation? Do not write worker or manual laborer without specifying more clearly. Write, for example: mining drill operator, automobile mechanic, grocery sales, potato grower, domestic employee, etc.

____ Specify occupation [a 3-digit blank box also appears in this item]

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Question 16. During the past week (or in your last job if the person is unemployed), what was your main occupation?

a. For purposes of the census, the main occupation is the one that generates the most income.

If the person worked during the week in question, or didn't work but had a job, you will record the occupation that the person being enumerated reports as the main one.

Clarification: You should record the main occupation and not the profession. Example: A doctor that is in charge of a hospital, you should record: Hospital Director.

b. If the person looked for work having worked previously, you will record the last main job that they had.

If the answer that the informant gives is unclear or questionable, ask them to describe in some detail the job that they currently perform. Examples of incorrect and correct ways of recording the occupations are given below.

Incorrect recording: Teacher
Correct recording: Pre-school teacher, teacher of girl technical school, primary or elementary school teacher, university professor

Incorrect recording: Farmer
Correct recording: Farmhand, shepherd, beekeeper, poultry farmer, unskilled farm or dairy worker

Incorrect recording: Miner
Correct recording: Miner of metal deposits, mine driller, mine smearer, gathers minerals extracted from a mine

[p. 45]

Incorrect recording: Administrator
Correct recording: Event administrator, leisure activities administrator, hospital administrator

Incorrect recording: Builder
Correct recording: Master builder, formwork builder, construction foreman, bricklayer, tile layer, stuccoer

Incorrect recording: Shoemaker
Correct recording: shoe sewer, shoe repairer, puts heels on shoes

Incorrect recording: Repairer
Correct recording: Sewing machine repairer, industrial machine repairer, telephone line repairer

Incorrect recording: Director
Correct recording: Artistic or orchestra director, director and manager in a wholesale business, director and manager in a service business, director of an educational establishment

Incorrect recording: Seller
Correct recording: Retail seller of groceries, wholesale seller of groceries, fare agent

Incorrect recording: Mechanic
Correct recording: Automotive mechanic, mechanic-repairer of industrial machinery, dental, optical, etc., technician, auto-body worker

Incorrect recording: Engineer
Correct recording: Civil engineer for clean-up projects, civil engineer for building construction, agricultural, industrial, chemical engineer, electrical systems engineer

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Bolivia 2001 — source variable BO2001A_OCC — Occupation, 3 digits
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Chapter F. Only for persons seven years old or more.
[Questions 42-47 were asked of all persons seven years or older.]


45. During the past week, what was your main occupation?

[Question 45 was asked of persons aged 7 years and older who worked or were engaged in any productive activity during the week prior to enumeration, per Questions 42 and 43.]

_____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Chapter F. Only for persons 7 years of age and older

If the person is 7 year of age or older, question 42 is presented. If younger than 7 years of age, the interview is ended and the next person is interviewed.


Question 45. During the last week, what was your principal occupation?

This question is an open question in which the principal occupation is written in the boxes with the most detail possible.

For example:

Small barley farmer.

If the person has two occupations to which the same amount of working time is dedicated, the occupation that the interviewed person considers to be principal is recorded. The most important characteristic is that the person recognizes it as his principal occupation.

The following is a list of some occupations in [Bolivia] and the correct manner to record them:

[The chart of occupations is not translated into English.]


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Botswana 2001 — source variable BW2001A_OCC — Occupation in the past 7 days, 3 digit
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All persons 12 years and over
[Questions A16-A26]

A25. (Occupation) What type of work did [the person] do in the past 7 days?

____

(Probe as necessary, use two or more words to describe the occupation)

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
109b. Column A16-A26: These questions apply only to persons aged 12 years and more. If the person is under 12 years of age, then when you reach column A16 you should put dashes in the shaded areas for columns A16 -- A32 and proceed to the next listed person in the household.

114. Column A24: Occupation

Q: What type of work did [the person] do in the past 7 days?

A person's occupation depends on the tasks and duties, which the person performs. Remember that if a person worked at all during the past 7 days, whether for cash or not, and for however short a period, then you should try to find out what kind of work the person did. You should try to get the respondent to give both a job title and a two- or three-word description of the tasks performed. For example, if a person states that he is a mechanic, ask him what he repairs. You should record his response in the unshaded area of column A24 as follows: "mechanic, fixes cars" or "mechanic, fixes radios". Use the comments box if you need more space.

If a person moved from job to job you should enter the most recent occupation even if it only lasted for a day or two. This may happen with people who are casual labourers.

If a person has more than one occupation, record the one on which he spends the most time. However, if someone has a temporary job during the school holidays - but has a permanent job during term time, it is his permanent occupation that should be described. A census enumerator or supervisor who is a schoolteacher during term time must therefore be described as "primary school teacher" or "secondary school teacher".

Probing for better occupational information: You will usually have to probe the respondent to get good information about a person's occupation. For example, people who make things (bread, clothing, pottery, wood objects, tools, beer, food products, furniture, bricks, etc.) should be asked how they make them. It is important to find out whether they mostly use their hands or hand-held tools, or whether they mostly produce these goods by operating machinery. A person who brews beer at home using traditional techniques belongs to a different occupational category from a person who operates a machine that ferments the grains used in making beer. (See probing examples below).

You should also probe when the information provided by the respondent does not seem reasonable. For example, if a person has only completed Form 4, it seems unlikely that he or she could be an auditor or an engineer. If you probe, you may discover that the person is actually an accounting clerk or an engineering assistant.

[Table in P. 37-41 of the original document which provides specific examples of how to probe for better occupational information and response suggested probing questions is omitted here]


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Botswana 2011 — source variable BW2011A_OCC — Occupation, 3-digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
A. Person Information

Economic activity

Occupation
23. What type of work did [the respondent] do in the past 7 days? To be precise, what were the main tasks and duties?

________ [probe as necessary, use two or more words to describe the occupation]
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
All Persons Aged 12 years and over

145. Column A18-A25
These questions apply only to persons aged 12 and years and over. If the person is less than 12 years of age, then when you reach column A16 you should put dashes in the shaded areas for columns A16-A31 and proceed to the next listed person in the household.

152. Column A24: Occupation
Q. What type of work did the respondent do in the past 7 days?
A person's occupation depends on the tasks and duties, which the person performs. Remember that if a person worked at all during the past 7 days, whether for cash or not, and for however short a period, then you should try to find out what kind of work the person did. You should try to get the respondent to give both a job title and a two- or three-word description of the tasks performed. For example, if a person states that he/she is a mechanic, ask him/her what he/she repairs.

You should record his/her response in the unshaded area of column A24 as follows: "mechanic fixes cars" or "mechanic, fixes radios". Use the comments box if you need more space. If a person moved from one job to another, you should enter the most recent occupation even if it only lasted for a day or two. This may happen with people who are casual laborers. If a person has more than one occupation, record the one on which he/she spends most of his/her time. However, if someone has a temporary job during the school holidays - but has a permanent job during term time-it is his/her permanent occupation that should be described. A census enumerator or supervisor who is a schoolteacher during term time must therefore be described as "primary school teacher" or "secondary school teacher".

You will usually have to probe the respondent to get good information about a person's occupation. For example, people who make things (bread, clothing, pottery, wood objects, tools, beer, food products, furniture, bricks, etc.) should be asked how they make them. It is important to find out whether they mostly use their hands or hand-held tools, or whether they mostly produce these goods by operating machinery. A person who brews beer at home using traditional techniques belongs to a different occupational category from a person who operates a machine that ferments the grains used in making beer. (See probing examples below). You should also probe when the information provided by the respondent does not seem reasonable. For example, if a person has only completed Form 4, it seems unlikely that he/she could be an auditor or an engineer. If you probe, you may discover that the person is actually an accounting clerk or an engineering assistant.

[Table omitted]


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Cambodia 1998 — source variable KH1998A_OCC — Occupation
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15 Main Activity (Enter Code from list below)
Main activity during last year

Codes for Column 15 Main Activity During Last Year
1 Employed (Fill in Cols. 16 to 20)
2 Unemployed (Employed any time before - Fill in Cols. 16 to 20 for last employment)
3 Unemployed (Never employed any time before)
Inactive
4 Homemaker
5 Student
6 Dependent
7 Rent-receiver, retired or other income recipient
8 ___ Other (Specify)
(For codes 3 to 8, put dash ( - ) in Cols. 16 to 20)]


___ 17 Occupation (Name of Occupation)

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Columns 15 to 20 on Economic Characteristics of Population

97. These columns relate to the economic characteristics of population both male and female. Information proposed to be collected on economic characteristics of population includes information on economically active and economically not active population. Economically active population includes those who are employed and unemployed. Economically inactive population includes home makers; full time students; dependents; rent-receivers, retired people and other categories of income recipients; and others who are neither employed nor unemployed and also do not come under any of the inactive categories mentioned. The reference period for this is the last one year.


Columns 16 to 20

99. Information in these Columns should be filled-in only for a person who is employed (Code 1 in Column 15) or unemployed (employed before) i.e. Code 2 in Column 15. For unemployed (not employed before) i.e. Code 3 in Column 15 and inactive population i.e. any Code from 4 to 8 in Column 15, no information can be furnished in Columns 16 to 20 and hence enter dash (--) in each of these Columns for these persons. Following are the instructions for filling-in Columns 16 to 20 for a person for whom Code 1 or 2 is given in Column 15. The information to be filled-in will relate to employment details of the employed person (Code 1 in Column 15). In the case of unemployed (employed before) i.e. Code 2 in Column 15, the information to be filled-in will relate to last employment held by that person.


Column 17: Occupation

101. Occupation refers to the name of the job the person did (e.g. cashier, primary school teacher, nurse, blacksmith, watchman, manager etc.).

101.1 You must write the occupation of a person as clearly and as fully as possible. You should not write only "staff member". Probe further to find out whether he/ she was a clerk, statistician, data entry operator etc. Do not write "Casual Laborer" which is rather vague. Find out whether he / she was a construction worker, hand-loom weaver etc. If a person says that he/ she has been doing two or three jobs, find out the job he / she was doing mostly and record the same.


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Cambodia 2004 — source variable KH2004A_OCC3 — Occupation (3-digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Form B: Household questionnaire Part 2

[20] Occupation ____ _ _ _

[Question 20 asked of persons who responded codes 1 and 2 in question 18.]

Name of occupation
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
75. Columns 18 to 23
Information in these Columns should be filled-in only for a person who is employed (Code 1 in Column 18) or unemployed (employed before) i.e. Code 2 in Column 18. For unemployed (not employed before) i.e. Code 3 in Column 18 and inactive population i.e. any Code 4 from 4 to 8 in Column 18, no information can be furnished in Column 18 to 23 and hence enter dash (-) in each of these Columns for these persons. Following are the instructions for filling-in Column 18 to 23 for a person for whom Code 1 or 2 is given in Column 18. The information to be filled-in will relate to employment details of the employed person (Code 1 in Column 18). In the case of unemployed (employed before) i.e. Code 2 in Column 18, the information to be filled-in will relate to last employment held by that person.

77. Column 20: Occupation
Occupation refers to the name of the job the person did (e.g. cashier, primary school teacher, nurse, blacksmith, watchman, manager etc.)
77.1 You must write the occupation of a person as clearly and as fully as possible. You should not write only "staff member". Probe further to find out whether he/ she was a clerk, statistician, data entry operator etc. Do not write "Casual Laborer" which is rather vague. Find out whether he/ she was a construction worker, hand-loom weaver etc. If a person says that he/ she has been doing two or three jobs, find out the job he/ she was doing mostly (i.e. most time) and record the same.


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Cambodia 2008 — source variable KH2008A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

18. Occupation (name of occupation) ____
[Question 18 was asked of persons who have ever worked, as per question 16.]

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Columns 16 to 21 on Economic Characteristics of Population

98. These columns relate to the economic characteristics of population both male and female. Information proposed to be collected on economic characteristics of population include information on economically active
[p.37]
and economically not active population. The economically active population includes those who are employed and unemployed. The economically inactive population includes those who are mainly home makers, full-time students, dependents, rent-receivers, retired people and other categories of income recipients; and others who are neither employed or unemployed and also do not come under any of the inactive categories mentioned. The reference period for this is the one year or 12 months before the census night, that is from 4 March 2007 to 3 March 2008. This is also referred to as last year or last one year in this instruction manual.


Columns 17 to 21

100. Information in these Columns should be filled in only for a person who is employed (Code 1 in Column 16) or unemployed (employed before) (Code 2 in Column 16). For unemployed (not employed before) (Code 3 in Column 16) and mainly inactive population (any Code from 4 to 8 in Column 16), no information can be furnished in Columns 17 to 21 and hence enter dash (-) in each of these Columns for these persons. The following are the instructions for filling in Columns 17 to 21 for a person for whom Code 1 or 2 is given in Column 16. The information to be filled in will relate to employment details of the employed person (Code 1 in Column 16). In the case of unemployed (employed before) (Code 2 in Column 16), the information to be filled in will relate to last employment held by that person.


Column 18: Occupation

102. Occupation refers to the name of the job the person did (e.g. cashier, primary school teacher, nurse, blacksmith, watchman, manager, etc.).

102.1 You must write the occupation of a person as clearly and as fully as possible. You should not write only "staff member". Probe further to find out whether he/she was a clerk, statistician, data entry operator, etc. Do not write "Casual Laborer" which is rather vague. Find out whether he/she was a construction worker, loader, hand-loom weaver etc. If a person says that he/she has been doing two or three jobs, find out the job he/she was doing mostly and record this.


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Chile 1992 — source variable CL1992A_OCC3 — Occupation (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For all individuals 14 years of age and older [applies to questions 10 to 16]


12. Describe the occupation, position, or type of work carried out in the current job (or previously, if unemployed). Examples: bricklayer, pediatrician, tailor, auto mechanic, textile machinist, street vendor, etc. [3 blank lines for answer]

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

12. Indicate the occupation or type of work that you perform (or performed if unemployed)

It's very important that the answer to this question be requested with the greatest detail, since general answers don't provide the required information.

For the occupation, trade, or type of work a complete description is needed. This is especially important when talking about little known activities, for which it is nonetheless necessary to add details that specify them.

In a figurative sense this is: "What do you do in your job?"

The examples that are on the questionnaire and these others will help you achieve greater precision in the response: insurance agent, crane operator, car washer, journalist, upholsterer, stenographer, mail carrier, mechanical engineer, mine technician, veterinarian, fashion designer, waiter, geologist, galvanizer, stucco worker, dent remover for metal bodywork, civil construction worker, surveyor, attorney, fisherman, pediatrician, dietician, hairdresser, elementary school teacher, television reporter, etc.

If the person has more than one occupation, write down the occupation to which the person devotes the majority of their time.

If the person has two or more occupations to which they devote an equal number of hours, write down the occupation that the person considers to be the principal one.

[The above directions refer to a picture of question 12 in this section of the enumeration form.]

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Costa Rica 2000 — source variable CR2000A_OCC3 — Occupation, 3 digits
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For those 12 years of age and older [Applies to questions 13-18]

For the principal job
[Applies to questions 15-18]

17. What is the occupation or position that ____ holds in this job?

____ [2 blank lines. A 4-character box also appears in the corner of this item]

What are the principal tasks that ____ carries out?

____ [2 blank lines]
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Third Block

Only for persons 12 years old or older


Question 17: Principal Occupation

With this question the type of job that the person did in the reference week is determined and so being able to know the composition of the employment according to occupation. Also it is important as an indicator of socioeconomic condition.

[To the right of the text is a form.]

[Below the text is a picture of a teacher.]

Equal to question 16 (industry), the type of work should be written down completely, so that the occupation that persons do can be clearly distinguished.

Do not confuse occupation with the craft or profession for which they were prepared, since the occupation is determined by the activities that are done in the current job, and not by the degrees or crafts that the person possesses.

Example:

A man has worked many years as a carpenter, which he considers as his craft; nevertheless, he declares that for six months he has been working as a guard in a factory that trained him about handling firearms and security procedures. His type of work or occupation is "security guard of a factory" and among his jobs you should specify that along with guarding and making his rounds, he handles firearms.

Some following examples of correct and incorrect forms of obtaining this information are shown, that will surely help you understand what is asked for:

[Below are two columns, one marked "Incorrect Annotation" and one marked "Correct Annotation". I am going to translate them without using two columns.]

Incorrect Annotation
Teacher

Correct Annotation
Primary Teacher
Secondary Teacher

Incorrect Annotation
Mechanic

Correct Annotation
Automobile Mechanic
Thresher Mechanic
Airplane Mechanic

Incorrect Annotation
Worker

Correct Annotation
Mason
Carpenter
Maintenance Mechanic
Industrial Worker

Incorrect Annotation
Farm Worker or Day Laborer

Correct Annotation
Agricultural Worker in Cane
Milker
Construction Worker

Incorrect Annotation
Doctor

Correct Annotation
Medical Consultant
Medical director of a hospital
Head of surgery of a hospital
Professor of Pathology in a Medical Faculty

Incorrect Annotation
Lawyer

Correct Annotation
Lawyer with own office
Professor in a Faculty of Law
First Judge of a Lower Court
Judicial assessor of a bank

Incorrect Annotation
Assistant

Correct Annotation
Accountant's Assistant
Nurse's Assistant
Topography Assistant

Incorrect Annotation
Machine Operator

Correct Annotation
Operator of a Coffee Picking Machine
Operator of an Embroidery Machine
Operator of a Printing Press

Incorrect Annotation
In Charge of a Store

Correct Annotation
In Charge of personnel
In Charge of Arranging Merchandise

Incorrect Annotation
Chauffeur

Correct Annotation
Taxi Driver
Chauffeur of Light Vehicles for Hire


As you see in question 17, the principal jobs that are done are additionally requested.

The objective is obtaining a complete idea of the occupation and the nature of the job that is done during the reference week, so that, along with the complete name of the occupation, you should write down a brief description of the principal tasks or functions, as is shown in this example:

[Below the text is a filled out form.]

In the tasks it should be specified, if it is the case, the level of responsibility that the person has and the instruments, type of material and tools that are used.

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Cuba 2002 — source variable CU2002A_OCC — Occupation
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For persons 15 years old or more
[Questions 17-21]


17. What did you do during the week before September 7?

[] 01 Worked - Continue with question 18
[] 02 Had a job, but did not work - Continue with question 18
[] 03 Looked for work because he/she had lost his/her job
[] 04 Looked for work for the first time
[] 05 Retired or receiving a pension
[] 06 Collects rents or receives economic support
[] 07 Household chores
[] 08 Student
[] 09 Incapacitated for work
[] 10 Does not carry out any economic activity
[] 11 In the hospital, in an asylum, or recluse who does not work
[] 12 Other situation

For answers 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12: end of interview.


18. What is the principal occupation or job that you did in this work?

[Question 18 was asked of persons age 15 and older who had worked or had a job during the week before September 7, per question 17.]

*For example: electrician roller, teacher, secretary, etc.

____
_ _ According to the classifier

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 18. What is the principal occupation or task that you did in this job?

For the persons who have box 1 or 2 marked in question 17, you will continue by asking the economic questions in the order that they appear in the Census Questionnaire.

[illustration]
18. What is the principal occupation or task that you did in this job?
(Examples: Wiring electrician, teacher, secretary, etc.)
_____
_____
[ _ _ _ ]
(According to the classifier)


For question 18, you need to collect the activity or occupation that the interviewee does in his/her job (whatever the form of holding the employment: state, self-employed, etc.) if in the reference week the person worked (01) or was employed but did not work (2).

You should leave the space that is designated for the codification blank (according to the Classifier).

The work or activity should be recorded in the most complete manner possible, indicating the specialty of the occupation.

In the case that the person declares that his/her principal occupation is Social Service, trainer, or Work that is Socially Useful, you should continue to ask about the job that he/she does in this work center.

Therefore, you should avoid writing generic terms such as:

You should avoid / You should write
Electrician / Wiring electrician, maintenance electrician, etc.
Operator / Construction operation, printing press operator, etc.
Mechanic / Aviation mechanic, refrigeration mechanic, etc.
Clerk / Warehouse clerk, pharmacy clerk, etc.
Engineer / Industrial engineer, metallurgic engineer, etc.
Driver / Bus driver, truck driver, etc.


You should also avoid using terms such as: employee, day-laborer, workers, unspecialized worker, etc.

If the person does not know how to indicate the name of his/her work, ask the person about the principal tasks that he/she does, and write: drive a truck, take care of animals, open button holes, fold sheets of metal, etc.

If the interviewee simultaneously works at more than one job, you should consider the one to which the person has dedicated more time.

Remember that we are only interested the real job or occupation that the person has in his/her state, cooperative or private job, whatever his/her profession or occupation.

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Ecuador 2001 — source variable EC2001A_OCC — Occupation, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

20. What was the principal activity or work that you carried out during the past week or the last time you worked before you became unemployed? _____
Examples: elementary school teacher, construction laborer, agricultural day-laborer, food vendor, laundress, install steering wheel covers, hairdresser, dressmaker, domestic servant, etc.

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 20.- What was the primary occupation or job that you performed last week or the last job you had if you were unemployed?

[There is a picture of question 20 from this section of the enumeration form.]

This question is for all people who answered question 18 (what did you do last week?) with responses 01 or 02, answered yes (1) to question 19, and those people who looked for work having worked previously (unemployed) and answered no (2) in question 19.

Record in detail the nature of the work that the person performed. If the person did more than one job during the week prior to the census, ask for and record the occupation that the person considers the principal or more important activity.

Occupation: By occupation is meant the different tasks that people perform in their job, regardless of the type of economic activity of the place where they work or the position they have.

[p. 51]

When the occupation cannot be characterized by a definite name, describe the nature of the work. Example: puts on steering wheel covers, assembles cardboard boxes, etc. Avoid very general or ambiguous terms like driver, operator, helper, day laborer, or teacher; always stress that the information should be precise.

Examples:

Incomplete: Unskilled laborer
Complete: Unskilled farm worker, unskilled construction worker, unskilled quarry worker, unskilled freight worker

Incomplete: Laborer
Complete: Construction worker, carpentry worker

Incomplete: Operator
Complete: Farm machine operator, construction equipment operator, optical equipment operator, broadcasting equipment operator

Incomplete: Engineer
Complete: Civil engineer, mechanical engineer, chemical engineer, systems engineer, electrical engineer

Incomplete: Teacher
Complete: Primary school teacher, high school teacher, music teacher, post-secondary teacher

Incomplete: Seller
Complete: Pharmaceutical sales representative, department store salesperson, ticket and fare agent, grocery store clerk

Incomplete: Mechanic
Complete: Airplane motor mechanic, agricultural machinery mechanic

Incomplete: Manager
Complete: Textile industry manager, manager of cased meat marketing

Remember that what should be recorded is the occupation and not the profession. It can happen that the occupation and profession coincide, but there are also cases in which it is not like that. Examples: physicians, attorneys, architects, etc., work in their profession, however, there are cases where a physician is the administrator of a hospital, or an architect is the manager of a company. Note that in the previous examples, the occupation of the doctor is administrator and that of the architect is company manager.

[p. 52]

People who work in public organizations generally state public employee as their occupation. Ask them to describe their specific occupation. Remember that within an institution there is a variety of occupations, such as for example: executive secretaries, superintendents, physicians, financial analysts, departmental directors, statistical researchers, etc.

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Egypt 2006 — source variable EG2006A_OCC — Primary occupation, 3-digit
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 8-14 were asked of persons age 6 and older]


13. Main occupation for persons (in details) ________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Table 1: Household characteristics


14. The primary profession for members

There are 6 squares for this question which should be left blank to be coded by the Information Technology sector.

The enumerator will write the primary profession for the working member in detail (whose answer in the employment status question was from (2) to (7) on the line below the squares, for example: Door and window carpenter, Arabic language teacher, internal medicine doctor, etc.)


Note: The profession is also to be completed on this line for an individual whose employment status is (7), "a worker who became unemployed", based on the last profession the individual was practicing before becoming unemployed.

For members who are younger than 6 years, "below age" must be recorded for them on the line below the squares.

For the rest of the household members who don't work or are unemployed and never have worked before, "not working" must be recorded for them on the line below the squares.


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El Salvador 1992 — source variable SV1992A_OCC — Occupation (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

V. Information on members of the household


2. Persons age 10 or older
[Questions 14-21 were asked of persons age 10 or older]


[Questions 16-20 were asked of persons age 10 or older with employment or who performed some other activity, per questions 14 and 15.]


18. What is the occupation, job or position that you hold or held in the establishment?

____
_ _ _ _

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

4.5.4 Persons age 10 or older
These questions numbered 14 to 21 will be asked to those who are age 10 or older, males and females. If the person is younger than 10, the interview will end, canceling the corresponding page.


18. Principal occupation
What is the occupation, job or duty that you perform or performed in your work?

In this question, the name of the occupation or duty should be recorded, performed by the person in the week previous to the first day of the census or the last time that they worked. If the person has more than one job, only the main job should be recorded, considering as such whichever the said person declares as the most important, whether due to prestige awarded, by income received or by the amount of time dedicated.


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El Salvador 2007 — source variable SV2007A_OCC3DIG — Occupation (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 13-24 are for persons age 10 or older]


21. What is the occupation, job or position which you perform or used to perform at work?

________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 13-24 are for persons age 10 or older. If the person is younger than 10, end the interview and cross out the corresponding page]


Question 21: What is the occupation, job, or position that you perform or used to perform at work?

For this question, write the name of the occupation or job performed by the person during the week prior to the first day of the census or the last time he/she worked in that period. If the person had more than one job only, write the principal job. The principal job is the one that the person considers the most important, either because of the prestige it brings, the money received from the job, or the time dedicated to it.

Write the job as clearly as possible so that there are no difficulties interpreting what the job is. Write in the following order: if it's a professional position, write the profession, the most important task, what he/she does it with and the product.

Below are some examples:

Incorrect way to write
Civil engineer
Engineer
Officer
Guard
Teacher
Machine operator
Operator
Industrial sewer
Supervisor
Business owner
Manager
Quality control

Correct way to write
Building civil engineer
Highway civil engineer
Chemical engineer who makes cleaning products
Police officer
Private security guard
Primary school teacher in a school
High school teacher in a school
Kindergarten teacher
Sewing machine operator in a factory
Operator of a Singer or multipoint sewing machine
Operator of an industrial sewing machine
Sales personnel supervisor
Company president
Administrative manager of the company
Quality control in clothes manufacturing


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Ethiopia 1994 — source variable ET1994A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section III: Detailed particulars of household members

[Questions 30-32 were asked for person's age 10+ who were engaged in economic activity, unemployed with previous work experience, or had work but did not work in the last 12 months.]

30. What was the main occupation?

____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Columns 28 - 32: Information on economic activity
The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
12 months include:

a. whether the person was engaged in productive work during the reference period
b. reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged)
d. major types of occupation
d. major product or service of the establishment or industry
e. employment status in the main activity
Column 30 ? 32: For those who have been engaged in productive work during most of the last months (column 28 code 1), unemployed with previous work experience (column 29 code 02) and for who had work but did not work during the last 12 months (column 29 code 03).

Column 30: What is (NAME's) occupation?

In this column data is collected only for those who have been engaged in productive work during most of the last months (column 28 code 1), unemployed with previous work experience (column 29 code 02) and for who had work but did not work during the last 1 months (column 29 code 03). The concerned persons either have at least one job or had work in the previous time.

When enquiring is done about the occupation, do not ask the type of products ask the type of wok. For example, for copy typist whether she works in hospital or factory the type of occupation recorded for her is "Typist'. In this column, register the type of occupation in the pace provided, codes are entered at the head office by the census questionnaire editors.

Try to be specific when you register the type of occupation so that no problem will be arises during coding is done for the registered type of occupation. For example, since elementary school teachers and high school teachers have different codes do not write only teacher, write the type of school they are teaching or used to teach. In similar case, trained, skilled and traditional farmers have different occupation codes. In addition, guessing the type of occupation based on the name of organization or institution is not correct. For example, in one mining factory we can find the general manager, executive secretary, chemists, engineers, casher, accountants, surveyors, soil laboratory technicians, machine operators, drivers, daily labourers, etc. and all have different codes. Even for similar work of if the skill of the operator or the type of machine they are operating is different, the code given is different.
Pg 72
On the service trade side also it needs to give due attention when writing the occupation type. For example, cashers, sales clerks, kiosk workers, etc. have different codes.

Sometimes we can face persons who have engaged in more than one type of occupation. In such case, record only one type occupation that the person is spent most of his/her time during the last 12 months.

In order to simplify enumerators' work, the lists of some occupation types are given below. Therefore, the numerators are requested to see the lists in detail before start filling in the answers in the space provided.

[Examples of occupations, pages 73-75 have been removed]


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France 1999 — source variable FR1999A_OCC — Occupation, ISCO
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 15-21 were asked of persons who work per question 11.]


15. Profession currently practiced ____

Be specific (ex. robotics maintenance electrician, insurance accountant, chemical technician, etc.)
If you are an agent of public services for the state or cities (including HLMs, public hospitals), specify your rank (organization, category) ____


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Greece 2001 — source variable GR2001A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Questions 15-26 below should only be completed for persons born in 1990 or earlier


18a. What is your current occupation (or what was your occupation the last time you worked)?
(Answer only if the response to question 16 was 1 or 2, i.e., "Working" or "Looking for Work.")
Give a full description (e.g., Assistant Accountant)
___

18b. What are your main duties and responsibilities at this job (or what were your main duties and responsibilities at your last job)?
(e.g., book-keeping)
___


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Guatemala 2002 — source variable GT2002A_OCC3 — Principal occupation (3-digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Chapter VII. Characteristics of the people

For persons of age 7 years and older
[Questions 12 to 20 are for persons of age 7 years and older]

[Questions 18 to 20 are asked of persons who worked or experienced unemployed]

18. What is the occupation, type of work or main occupation done or that you do at this job? ________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section 7: Individual characteristics

This section records individual information for a maximum of ten people - those listed in section 6, "total number of persons in the household." If there are more than ten people in the census household use as many additional forms as necessary.

[A graphic of the "individual characteristics", located at the top of section 7 of the census form, is included here.]

Person number: In the grid spaces on the upper left side of the form, write the number that corresponds to the person according to the order from the list of persons in section VI. The head of household is number 1.

Name: In the appropriate space, write the name of each of the persons who make up the household according to the order in which they appear on the list in question 3 of section VI. Begin with the head of household and continue writing according to the order established.

Information supplied by respondent: This is when the person interviewed gives information about his/her own self. Fill in the appropriate oval according to the information you receive.

Questions 1-11 should be asked for all permanent residents of the household in the dwelling.

Questions 12-20 are for persons aged seven or older.

The reference period for questions 16-20 is the week preceding the census date (from Sunday November 17 to Saturday November 23, 2002).

18. Principal occupation
Ask, "What occupation, type of work or job did the person perform in this job?"

[A graphic of question 18, from section 7 of the census form, is included here.]

If the person has more than one occupation, write the one that provides the most income. If they pay equally, write the one he/she worked at most during the reference week.

In the corresponding space, write the main occupation, type of work or job declared by the respondent, using words to describe exactly the task he/she performs. Avoid using general terms.

Examples of occupations:

If a surgeon worked as the director of a hospital during the reference week, write: hospital director (public or private) as his/her principal occupation.

If a lawyer worked as a factory manager in a factory producing cotton fabric during the reference week, write "manager of a factory producing cotton fabrics" as his/her principal occupation.
[p. 67]

[The original document includes a table below.]

[Column headings:]
(A) Incorrect answer for occupation
(B) Correct answer for occupation

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Mechanic.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Automobile mechanic, technician who makes dental parts.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Secretary.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Typist who transcribes documents, secretary who writes letters and answers the phone, secretary in charge of sales files.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Construction worker.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Plumber who installs and repairs plumbing, bricklayer who prepares mortar and lays bricks, painter of interior and exterior walls.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Engineer.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Civil engineer, chemical engineer, electrical engineer.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Teacher.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Urban primary-school teacher, rural primary-school teacher, home-economics teacher, music education teacher.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Cashier.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Department-store cashier, bank cashier, factory cashier.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Agricultural worker.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Worker who plants tomatoes, worker who plants corn, worker who milks and cleans cows, worker who harvests coffee or sugarcane, etc.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Sales clerk.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Counter clerk in a fabric store, counter clerk in footwear items, counter clerk in hardware items, counter clerk in office supplies.

Incorrect answer for principal occupation: Street vendor.
Correct answer for principal occupation: Street vendor of brooms, Street vendor of candies, street vendor of several products.


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Guinea 1996 — source variable GN1996A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Resident population aged 6 years and above
[Questions P13-P18 were asked of resident population aged 6 years and above.]


To be filled out only for employed and available unemployed persons
[Questions P16-P18 to be asked only for employed and available unemployed persons.]


P16 Occupation ____
[The French text says "Occupation or economic activity practiced"]

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Column P16: Profession or economic activity exercised
By profession or economic activity exercised we mean:
a) "Job employed in" or position held" in the general case of a salaried employee, or;
b) "Profession engaged in" the case of a craftsman or a self-employed manual laborer, or of a professional, or;
c) "Economic activity exercised" in the fields of retail trade; artisanship; small and medium-sized businesses; transportation; agriculture; animal rearing; fishing; and the provision of services, generally for those who are self-employed or who provide the service as employer or owner.


For an employed person, ask the following question:
"In the course of the reference period, what profession did you practice or what economic activity were you engaged in?

The answer should be related to work actually completed by the person, and not to what he knows how to do, i.e., his professional training.

If the person was engaged in more than one economic activity during the reference period, ask him to tell you which he considers the most important, and write this activity in the questionnaire. However, do not write anything in the numbering grid.

For a person acknowledged as unemployed, i.e., who has worked in the past and has been without work, and searching for work, in the course of the reference period, ask the following question:

[p. 49]

"What was the last occupation, profession, position or economic activity that you engaged in before you became unemployed?"

The rules written above are useful to get the correct answer, which should be [written out] completely [in] the questionnaire. Be as strictly precise as possible when indicating the economic activity in question. For example, you should write:

"Banana planter," but never "planter."
"Primary school teacher," "secondary school teacher," "adjunct or graduate instructor," and not "teacher."
"Prefect," "Minister," "Secretary General," National Director," etc.
"Cabinet maker," "woodworker," "blacksmith," "shoemaker," "mason," "tanner," "weaver," "[dry] cleaner," but never "artisan."
"Donut seller," "peanut seller," "kola nut seller," "fish seller," "butcher," "street vendor", but never "seller/salesperson."
"Growing food crops,", rice planter, peanut planter, cattle farmer/breeder, sheep farmer/breeder, goat farmer/breeder but never write "agricultural worker," "cultivator", "breeder," "planter."
"Auto mechanic," "motorcycle mechanic," but never write "mechanic."
"Medical doctor," "lawyer," "university professor," but never write "doctor" or "teacher."
"Electrical engineer," "statistical engineer," "agricultural engineer," "civil engineer," electro-mechanical engineer," "forest resource engineer," but do not write, "engineer," "doctor in engineering," "engineering assistant," "adjunct engineer," etc.

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Honduras 2001 — source variable HN2001A_OCC — Occupation (4-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section F. Characteristics of the persons

For persons 7 years old or more
[Questions 12-16 were asked of persons aged 7 years or older]

14. What is the name of the principal occupation, job or post that [the person] does or did in this job? For example: corn farmer, furniture carpenter, bus driver, etc.

____ _ _ _ _
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Only for persons who answered in Block A
[Questions 14-16 were asked of persons who marked any option of block A of question 13]

Question 14: What is the name of the principal occupation, profession, or position that you held or hold in that job?
Example: corn farmer, furniture carpenter, bus driver, grocery vendor, etc.

Write, over the lines, the name of the principal occupation, employment, profession, or position of work that the informant states. When you receive answers that are not very precise, such as worker, employee, public official, laborer, employer, etc., you should determine with exactitude, what the task is that the person does.

In many cases, the profession refers to the occupation, for example: a doctor can have as his occupation being the administrator of the hospital, an engineer can be the manager of a business, a lawyer can have the job of judge, etc.

In many cases, the occupation is synonymous with the job that the person performs, for example: president of the Republic, president of the National Congress, municipal mayor, municipal official, executive secretary, school director, hospital director, orchestra director, etc.

[p. 52]

Some examples of occupations and the correct form to write them on the form:

[First column]
Police agent
Coffee grower
Corn farmer
Construction laborer
Assistant construction laborer
Barber or hairdresser
Bartender
Carpenter, chair manufacturer
Truck driver
Animal slaughterer
Census enumerator
Supervisor of mail office
Nurse in a health care center
Plumber
Make clay bricks

[Second column]
Make cement blocks
Make hats
Make tortillas
Wash and iron clothing
Butler or overseer
Milker
Baker or make bread
Fisherman
Elementary school teacher
Store manager
Tire repairman
Automobile vehicle repairman
Tailor of men's clothing
Planter of agricultural crops
Arc welder
Grocery vendor
Tortilla vendor

To strengthen knowledge, it is necessary that during the training you make a list of the most frequent occupations that exist in the villages and the municipalities.


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Iran 2006 — source variable IR2006A_OCC3 — Occupation, 3-digit
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For codes 1 or 2 in column 23
[Questions 24-27 were asked of persons who are employed]


24. Occupation ________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

22. Working status, column 23
Fill this column based on the following directions for all the members of the household who are 10 years old and above and leave it blank for the rest of them. To define an individual's working status, you should know the definition of work.
Work: the part of economic activities (physical or intellectual), the purpose of which is to gain profits (cash or non-cash) for the goal of producing goods or demonstrating service.
People who work are distributed in two major groups; freelance (they work for themselves) and salaried (they get paid in exchange for their work). Pay attention to the following:
The following people's activities are also considered as work:
- Individuals who work for one of the household members without earning an income (working for free for family). These people are usually women and teenagers who help other members of the family for free in activities such as farming, animal husbandry, carpet weaving, etc.
- Individuals serving in the military service.
- Individuals who serve in the Basij militia and earn money from it.
- Individuals who work at their residence in order to earn money, such as carpet weaving, sewing, hairdressing, typing, tutoring, fixing small electronics, baby-sitting, etc.
- Individuals who are occupied with activities like carpet weaving and sewing in order to produce durable goods for their own consumption.
- Individuals who are building, fixing or redecorating their own residence.
- Individuals who are interning and are involved directly in the production of goods and service, whether it is for exchange of money or not.
- Women or men who are occupied with activities such as farming, gardening, animal husbandry, fishing, etc.

The following activities are not considered as work:
- Unpaid activities at home for other members of the household like cooking, house holding, taking care of children, etc., which are mostly done by women.
- Social volunteering services at charities and Basij, etc.
- Small house maintenances such as faucets and valves, fixing windows and small electronics.
- Investing in economical activities without participating in management or actual operations, such as the stock exchange or investing money in companies.


23. Occupation, Industry, "Employment status", Columns 24, 25 and 26
Fill these columns for any 10 years old and above member of the household who have worked in the last 7 days, or have a job but have not worked in the past 7 days for specific reasons (codes 1 and 2 in column 23) and leave it blank for other members.
Note:

- For those who have a job but have not worked in the past 7 days (temporarily absent, code 2 in column 23), fill these columns based on the usual job of the person.
- For those who have worked in another field other than their usual job in the past 7 days (code 1 in column 23), fill these columns based on the person's field of work in the last 7 days.
- For those who have worked in more than one field in the past 7 days, fill these columns based on what they give you as their main job. If the respondent fails to indicate the main job, consider the one they have allocated more time to during the past week, and if the timing was even for all the jobs, consider the one that they have more work experience in.


23.1. Occupation, Column 24
Occupation is the type of the work (based on the definition of work and its examples) which has been performed by the individual during the past 7 days. In case of temporarily absent individuals, occupation is the type of the work they have carried out during the time of employment.
All of the mentioned occupations for this question will be coded based on the standard international occupation categorization. Therefore it is necessary to write the name of the occupation clearly and detailed in this column.

- Usually there are different occupations at the work place, so take note to mark the one the individual is practicing. For example there are different occupations at an elementary school such as principal, teacher, janitor, etc.
- Note not to mix profession or field of study with occupation, because they are not necessarily the same. For instance, if an agricultural engineer is working as an accounting chief administrator, his occupation is the "accounting chief administrator".
- For those who have more than one occupation in agriculture, pay attention to define their main occupation. Agricultural occupations are: "farmer", "gardener", "saplings planter", "florist", "animal husbandry", "breeding poultry", "apiculture", "pisciculturist", "breeding silkworms".
- In order to define some agricultural occupations, such as "farmer", "gardener", "saplings planter", consider the following descriptions:

- Farmer is someone who works in planting, fertilizing and harvesting one or more annual crops, such as wheat, oat, rice, sugarcane, vegetables, summer crops, etc.
- Gardner is someone who works in producing permanent products such as apples, pears, grapes, oranges, tea, etc.
- Saplings planter is someone who breeds saplings and sells them to gardeners.

- Considering that some occupations, specifically in production like dairy, spinning and weaving, weaving carpets, etc., can be performed with or without the help of machinery, be specific in asking them about their occupations. If their occupation is with the help of machinery, mention "operator" in writing the name of the occupation; such as "dairy production operator", "spinning operator", "carpet weaving operator".
- In cases in which carrying out job duties requires different skills, consider the duties that need the highest level of skills as the occupation. For instance, if someone is performing both as a typist and archivist in a company, record the one which requires higher skills as his occupation.
- In cases in which job duties are related to different stages of production and distribution of goods and services, if none of the duties overcomes the others, consider the duties related to production as their occupation. For example, if someone is working in a confectionery both baking and selling goods, consider their occupation as confectioner.
- For military and disciplinary services' employees, except those serving military services, assign "military" or "disciplinary" where needed.
- For those who are serving in military services, either in military or disciplinary forces, consider "serving in military service" as their occupation; otherwise, consider their duties in the serving location as their occupation.
- For those serving in the Basij militia and this service is considered as their job and they are earning an income from it, write down "military".
- Avoid writing general titles such as employee, technician, worker, doctor, engineer, agriculturalist, teacher, specialist, free-lancer, shoemaker, goldsmith, driver, etc., because each of these general titles include several job titles which have individual codes in job categories.


The following examples are to illustrate this matter:

An employee might be an archivist, bank inspector, commissionaire, court's secretary, agriculture organization's supervisor, financial assistant, in charge of contracts, etc.

Job Title: in charge of contracts
Job code: 2441
Job Title: archivist
Job code: 4141
Job Title: bank inspector
Job code: 2490
Job Title: commissionaire
Job code: 3416
Job Title: court's secretary
Job code: 3432
Job Title: agriculture organization's supervisor
Job code: 1421
Job Title: financial assistant
Job code: 1427

A technician might be medical laboratory technician, census technician, electrical technician, dentistry technician, safety technician, etc.

Job Title: medical laboratory technician
Job code: 3211
Job Title: census technician
Job code: 3434
Job Title: electrical technician
Job code: 3113
Job Title: dentistry technician
Job code: 3225
Job Title: safety technician
Job code: 5161

A worker can work as a bath-keeper, construction worker, door and window welder, house painter, bookbinder, metal smelter, well digger, fruit picker, spinner, simple farm worker, etc.

Job Title: bath-keeper
Job code: 5149
Job Title: construction worker
Job code: 9314
Job Title: door and window welder
Job code: 7221
Job Title: house painter
Job code: 7141
Job Title: bookbinder
Job code: 7345
Job Title: metal melter
Job code: 8125
Job Title: well digger
Job code: 7126
Job Title: fruit picker
Job code: 9211
Job Title: spinner
Job code: 7431
Job Title: simple farm worker
Job code: 9211

A doctor might be a physician, dentist, hospital administrator, university professor, Member of Parliament deputy, etc.

Job Title: physician
Job code: 2221
Job Title: dentist
Job code: 2222
Job Title: hospital administrator
Job code: 1410
Job Title: university professor
Job code: 2310
Job Title: Member of Parliament deputy
Job code: 1100

An engineer might be company director, minister, plane designer, etc.

Job Title: company director
Job code: 1410
Job Title: minister
Job code: 1100
Job Title: plane designer
Job code: 2145

An agriculturalist might be a farmer, animal husbandry, saplings planter, gardener, etc.

Job Title: farmer
Job code: 6111
Job Title: animal husbandry
Job code: 6121
Job Title: saplings planter
Job code: 6113
Job Title: gardener
Job code: 6112

A teacher might be an elementary school teacher, middle school teacher, kindergarten teacher, exceptional children school teacher, etc.

Job Title: elementary school teacher
Job code: 2331
Job Title: middle school teacher
Job code: 2320
Job Title: kindergarten teacher
Job code: 2332
Job Title: exceptional children school teacher
Job code: 2340

A specialist might be a census specialist, job categorization specialist, public relations specialist, speech specialist, etc.

Job Title: census specialist
Job code: 2122
Job Title: job categorization specialist
Job code: 2412
Job Title: public relations specialist
Job code: 2490
Job Title: speech specialist
Job code: 3229

A free-lancer might be a land-agent, merchant, building contractor, peddler, salesman, cobbler, etc.

Job Title: land-agent
Job code: 3413
Job Title: merchant
Job code: 1424
Job Title: building contractor
Job code: 1423
Job Title: peddler
Job code: 9111
Job Title: salesman
Job code: 5220
Job Title: cobbler
Job code: 7442

A shoemaker might be a shoe seller, or hand-made shoemaker or machine-made shoemaker.

Job Title: shoe seller
Job code: 5220
Job Title: hand-made shoemaker
Job code: 7442
Job Title: machine-made shoemaker
Job code: 8266

A goldsmith might be making or selling gold.

Job Title: goldsmith
Job code: 7313
Job Title: jeweler
Job code: 5220

A driver might be train driver, motorcyclist, taxi driver, bus driver, truck driver, tractor driver, loader driver and crane driver.

Job Title: train driver
Job code: 8311
Job Title: motorcyclist
Job code: 8321
Job Title: taxi driver
Job code: 8322
Job Title: bus driver
Job code: 8323
Job Title: truck driver
Job code: 8324
Job Title: tractor driver
Job code: 8331
Job Title: loader driver
Job code: 8332
Job Title: crane driver
Job code: 8333


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Iran 2011 — source variable IR2011A_OCC — Occupation (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Activity and marital status - For people aged 10 and over

Questions 26-28 for those who are working, doing unpaid work in the household business, or are temporarily absent from work

27. Job (It should be avoided to write general titles such as clerk, farmer, and self-employment) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Column 23 -30, Employment and marital status -General description

[Picture omitted]
Fill these columns for individual 10-year or older.
Columns 26 -29, main activity of the workplace, job, job status, workplace
[Picture omitted]
Fill these columns if codes 1, 2, or 3 are checked in column 23, and leave it blank for the rest.
? For individuals who were temporarily absent from work (column 23 code 3) fill this column according to their usual job.
? When filling these columns for an individual who worked a job other than his usual one in the past 7 days [column 23 code 1] consider the most recent job carried.
? When filling these columns for individuals who work multiple jobs, consider the main job carried. If the respondent cannot specify the answer, the job that individual worked the highest number of hours carrying in the past 7 days is the main job. If the individual spends equal number of hours at each job, then the main job is the one that the individual has stayed with the longest.
Column 27, occupation
Occupation, is an activity, based on definitions and examples, which is carried by the individual in the past 7 days. Occupation of temporarily absent individuals is the one conducted by such individual when is employed.
[Picture omitted]
All occupations are named based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations [ISCO].
? In most workplaces there are different types of occupation e.g. in an elementary school occupation titles include director, principal, teacher, janitor, etc. Make sure to ask specific question about the type of occupation an individual carries in a workplace.
? Make a distinction between the field of study and occupation e.g. an agriculture engineer may work in the position of manager of accounting. In this case the latter is the occupation.
? Make sure to find out the main occupation if the individual is a farming because some farmers work in more than one area of agriculture.
? Have the following definitions in mind when documenting farming occupations:
[1] Field crop and vegetable growers are farmers who plant, grow, and harvest one or more annual plants such as wheat, oat, rice, sugar beet, vegetable, etc.
[2] Tree and shrub crop growers are perennial plant farmers who grow apples, pears, grapes, oranges, tea, etc.
[3] Gardeners, horticultural and nursery growers.
? Specify whether or not the industry is mechanized and write the term "operator" when necessary.
? If the occupation requires different skills, document the highest level of responsibility the individual carries e.g. for a typist who does archiving in the same workplace, document the latter.
? If the individual carries responsibilities from manufacturing to distribution of goods and does not single out one as the main job, document the job related to manufacturing. For example if the pastry chef sells the confectionary at the counter write pastry chef.
? Document the rank for serviceperson and police officers, except for privates doing conscription.
? For privates who are spending their conscription in military or police force write conscription, otherwise write the job they are performing in the agency.
? For paid individual who is serving in Basij militia write serviceman.
[Picture omitted]
? Avoid general titles such as employee, technician, laborer, physician, engineer, farmer, teacher, specialist, own- account worker, repairman, and goldsmith because each comprise several titles with its individual code. See tables on pages 118 - 122.
[Table omitted]
Quite often there is a relation between the occupation and main activity of the workplace. See examples in table on Page 120.
? Avoid general titles for agricultural and livestock farmers. There is almost always a relation between the occupation and the main activity of workplace, therefore, when documenting the latter, write the type of economic activity and the product. Document the traditional vs. industrial for farming activities. See table on page 121.
? See examples of occupations which are not related to the main activity of the workplace in table on 122.
Answers in column 26 and 27 are read by software.

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Jordan 2004 — source variable JO2004A_OCC3 — Major current occupation (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

230. Major current occupation _ _ _ _
[Question 230 was asked of persons age 15+ who worked or were temporarily absent from work during the week ended in October 1st 2004, per Questions 225 and 226.]

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Laos 1995 — source variable LA1995A_OCC3 — Main occupation in the last 12 months (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
D. For persons aged 10 years and above
[Questions 14-16 were asked of persons aged 10 years and above]

[Answer questions 15-16 for codes 01-07 in question 14]

15.What was [the respondent's] main occupation during the last 12 months?

Describe occupation (see Enumerator's Manual) ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section D: For persons aged 10 years and above
Section D deals with employment questions. These questions shall be asked to all who is 10 years and above. For children, less than 10 years, section D and E should be marked "N/A".

Three different questions are asked to collect labour market information. The questions are interrelated and the purpose of each question must be clearly understood. Explain to the respondent that you will start by asking information on his/her employment status, then his/her profession and lastly about the sector s/he was working in.

Question 15: What was [the respondent's] main occupation during the last twelve months?
The purpose of this question is to collect information on the occupation of the respondent.
This question is put to persons coded 01 to 07 in question 14, i.e. paid employees, employers, own account workers and unpaid family workers. Record "N/A" for all others.

Occupation refers to the type of work, trade or profession performed by an individual during the last 12 months, irrespective of the industry or status in employment of the individual. Where multiple occupations are common, the main or usual occupation should be determined. This is done by determining the duration of work in each occupation during the last 12 months.

For persons with more than one occupation at the same time, record the persons main occupation - where s/he spends most of the time.

Write a short description of the type of work the person performed for most of the last twelve months preceding the census night. The type of work should be recorded as fully as possible, e.g. grocery retailed seller, wood carpenter, key punch operator, motor vehicle

p.24

mechanic panel beating foreman etc. Avoid unclear descriptions as operator, foreman etc. If the occupation in very rare cases is not known, write "999".


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Malaysia 2000 — source variable MY2000A_OCC3 — Occupation -- 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Question C17 - C29 for person aged 10 years and above

[Questions 25-27 were asked of persons who worked for at least one hour during the last 7 days or had a job to return to.]


C25. Occupation

(a) What is your occupation? ____

(b) Please describe your duties/ nature of work. ____

(c) In which sector is your occupation?

[] 1 Government
[] 2 Private
[] 3 Own business


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Mauritius 1990 — source variable MU1990A_OCC3 — Occupation (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
In strict confidence
Ministry of Economic Planning and Development
Central Statistical Office

Population Census
Mauritius

Night of 1-2 July 1990

For persons aged 12 years and over:

32. Occupation ____

Describe clearly the work which the person was doing.
Do not use vague terms such as clerk, driver, factory worker, supervisor, repair engineer, teacher, etc.
Use precise terms such as school clerk, filing clerk, accounts clerk, bus driver, bus conductor, taxicar driver, lorry driver, cabinet maker, car mechanic, telephone operator, primary school teacher, etc.
Do not hesitate to use creole terms if necessary.
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Stop at this column [28] if person has never worked. Columns 29 to 34 are for persons who have ever worked. Information is required on the person's work during the past week. If person had more than one job last week, answer for the job at which he/she worked the most hours, if person had no job last week, answer for his/her last job.

Column 32
Occupation
Describe as clearly and as precisely as possible the work which the person was doing. Do not describe the job for which the person has been trained, but the job which he was actually doing. For example, if a lorry driver worked as a bricklayer, write 'bricklayer'.

Do not use vague terms such as clerk, driver, factory worker, supervisor, repair technician, teacher, etc. Use precise terms such as filing clerk, accounts clerk, bus driver, bus conductor, taxi car driver, lorry driver, cabinet maker, supervisor of sewing machine operators, supervisor of road repair workers, car repair mechanic, television repair technician, telephone operator, primary school teacher, etc.

For members of religious orders engaged in activities such as primary school teaching, nursing, etc., you should report these activities rather than their religious activity.
Do not hesitate to use creole terms, if necessary, to describe an occupation.


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Mauritius 2000 — source variable MU2000A_OCC4 — Occupation (4 digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
[Population census form]

For persons aged 12 years and over.
(Questions 28 to 33 refer to the person's job or business during the past week. If person had no job last week, answer for his/her last job. If person had more than one job last week, answer for the job at which he/she worked the most hours.)

31. Occupation _ _ _ _

Describe clearly the work which the person was doing.

Do not use vague terms such as clerk, driver, factory worker, supervisor, repair engineer, teacher, etc. Use precise terms such as accounts clerk, filing clerk, school clerk, taxi car driver, lorry driver, bus driver, bus conductor, cabinet maker, car mechanic, telephone operator, pre-primary school teacher, primary school teacher, secondary school teacher, etc.

Do not hesitate to use Creole terms if necessary.
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
7. Instructions on how to fill in the census form

[Columns 28 to 33 are for persons who have ever worked. Information is required on the person's work during the past week. If person had more than one job last week, answer for the job at which he/she worked the most hours. If person had no job last week, answer for his/her last job.]

Column 31 - Occupation
Describe as clearly and as precisely as possible the work which the person was doing. Do not describe the job for which the person has been trained, but the job which he was actually doing. For example, if a lorry driver worked as a bricklayer, write 'Bricklayer'.
Do not use vague terms such as clerk, driver, factory worker, supervisor, repair technician, teacher, etc. Use precise terms such as filing clerk, accounts clerk, bus driver, bus conductor, taxicar driver, lorry driver, cabinet maker, supervisor of sewing machine operators, supervisor of road repair workers, car repair mechanic, television repair technician, telephone operator, primary school teacher, etc.
For members of religious orders engaged in activities such as primary school teaching, nursing, etc., you should report these activities rather than their religious activity.
Do not hesitate to use creole terms, if necessary, to describe an occupation.


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Mongolia 2000 — source variable MN2000A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 16-18 were asked of persons age 15+ who worked during last week.]


16. Occupations ____ _ _ _ _

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 16

Employment

This question should be answered by the people who answered "Yes" to question fifteen. The question should be asked as "What kind of job do you do?" What kind of occupation do you do? These should be asked to define the true nature of the employment, namely:

The enumerator should be clear that he or she is asking about the duties and description of their job, not their occupation. Occupation and the engaged job do not need to be the same as well. For instance, an accountant could work as a head of the human resource section.

If the person answers this question in a very general manner as teacher, operator or driver, the enumerator should clarify this as Where do you work as a teacher and what do you teach? What kind of operator are you? What kind of car do you drive? and complete the question as Mathematics teacher at the university, dry cleaning operator, sales manager or truck driver.(Please see the manual for filling out the questionnaire, page numbers 15-19)

If the person is engaged with various kinds of jobs, the job that takes most of the time should be written in the questionnaire.

If there is a person who does not work during 7 days prior to the census but has a labor contract with his or her employee and is able to continue work after certain period, he or she should be noted as employed.

Guideline to fill Questions number 15-19 of the Questionnaire

The enumerator should fill out the questions related to the employment and main activity of enterprise, with many details (not general) and make it easy to understand for coding people. In the employment section, if the person is a teacher, it should be clarified by asking what does he or she teaches? There is an example to make it more understandable.

A. The main activity of person should be detailed. For instance, the person would say his or her employment as a manager and should indicate his or her main activity as an "industry and trade". In this case, the enumerator should ask if he is a sales manager or general manager and at which division does he or she work for? What kind of economic activity does your enterprise do?

[p. 30]

15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Advertisement manager
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Sale and production of salami and meat product
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1

It should be clarified by asking "Do you have salary? Do you own this enterprise? If he or she does not own this enterprise or contributed his or her own property to this enterprise, he or she will be defined as a contract worker.

2. If a person owns that enterprise, the main activity of the enterprise will remain the same as a "trade" and his or her employment would be a "sales person". It should be clarified with many details that trade is wholesale, retail trade or intellectual work trade. For instance, wholesale of vegetables, retail trade of shoes in the black market.

15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Vegetables salesperson
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Wholesale trade of vegetables
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1

In this case, the person who works in the wholesale trade of vegetables as a salesperson is a contract worker because he or she gets paid working as a salesperson. It must be clarified that whose property is in this trade, if he or she did not contribute any property to this trade, he or she will be defined as a contract employer.

3. Occupational jobs should be clarified in a very detailed manner, too. If the person is an operator, it should be clarified what kind of machine or equipment operator does he or she do? For instance, the person who works at "Hotol cement" company as an operator, he or she should answer own employment as following:

15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Equipment operator of cement production
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Cement company
18. Employment status: Cooperative member-4

In this case, it is understandable or certain, a person who works at a cement company as a paid employer and his or her employment status will be defined as a contract employer.

[p. 31]

B. Example to fill in the questions about employment of person who work at more than one job

1. If a person worked at more than one job one week prior to the reference period, the main job should be registered in the questionnaire. The main job is the one that was worked at the longest during the reference period (1 week) of the census. If the worked hours at both jobs is the same, then the job with the higher income will be registered in the questionnaire. For instance, accountant Ms. Dulmaa works at a commercial bank as a general accountant but also works at small private shop as a accountant, the main job will be a general accountant and the main economic activity will be registered as an "activity of monetary circulation".

15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: General accountant
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Activity of monetary circulation
18. Employment status: Contract worker-1

In this case, Ms. Dulmaa works at the commercial bank as a general accountant and she is a contract worker. Because she gets paid working as a general accountant, it should be clarified whose property is in the commercial bank, and if she did not contribute any property to this bank, her employment will be defined as a contract employer.

C. An example to fill the questions about self-employed person.

1. Questions 15-18, related to the employment of person aged 15 and over who works at household businesses (livestock, farming etc) except the head of households, should be filled out as follows:

15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Herder
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Unpaid family worker-5

People who do not get paid from their work in a household business should have their employment status defined as "unpaid family worker". The employment status of those people cannot be defined as "self-employed" because they are participating in their own household business but are not engaged with any industrial activity that is independent.

[p. 32]

2. If a person engages in the household business and hires any other household members permanently, the employment status of the head of household will be defined as a" employer" not self-employed.

15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Owner
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Unpaid family worker-5

The employment status of the person who is engaged in retail trade, craftsman or service without any permission, will be filled out as "self-employed" because they are engaged with their own business that is independent. If a person says that he or she works at a car cleaning service, it should be clarified by asking, what kind of car does he/she clean, where does he or she work?

15. Did you work last week? Yes-1
16. Job: Car cleaner
17. Main activity of the enterprise and establishment: Livestock sector
18. Employment status: Self-employed-3

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Mozambique 1997 — source variable MZ1997A_OCC2 — Occupation 3-digit
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
FOR PEOPLE AGED 7+ ONLY.

24. What kind of activity is executed in the place where (the person) currently works at?

Activity executed: ________
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Questions Only For People With 7 Years And Older

P24. What kind of business is held in place where you usually work?
Read the question and then write the specific name of the company's main activity or institution in which the interviewee works or activity that the respondent performs on your own.
Keep in mind that:

People who have stated that the P21 sought new employment should indicate the activity they were familiar in the place where they worked last time.

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Mozambique 2007 — source variable MZ2007A_OCC — Occupation

No questionnaire text is available for this sample.


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Nicaragua 1995 — source variable NI1995A_OCC — Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For persons age 10 or older
[Questions 12-18 were asked of persons age 10 or older]


Main occupation
15. What did/does the person do in their main job? ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Questions only for persons who are age 10 or older
The goals of these questions are to know the current marital status of the persons and the principal economic characteristics of the population that participated in the production of goods and services, as well as those who are dedicated to non-economic activities, such as: household chores, studying, etc.

If the person is younger than 10, continue with the next person.


Question 15: Main occupation
With this question we want to know what the person did, has done, or does in his/her principal work, which means the tasks the person carries out. What occupation did the person have, what was the person's position, or what type of work did the person do in the week before the day of the census or in his/her last day of work?

If the person has more than one occupation, you will note the one to which the person dedicates the greatest number of hours, or if he/she dedicated the same number of hours, the one that provided the greatest income. If it is the case of the same number of hours and equal income, then the principal occupation will be the one that the enumerated person considers to be the most important.

Recommendations:
1) The occupation should be noted clearly and with all of the details.

2) Do not write in general terms, such as: salesman, employee, office worker, worker, assistant, driver, etc., instead it is necessary that you clearly explain as shown in the following cases:

  • Salesman: door-to-door salesman, salesman who roams from area to area, newspaper salesman, salesman in a clothing shop, wholesale salesman, retail salesman
  • Worker: construction laborer, carpenter, framer, baker, lathe worker, plumber
  • Agricultural worker: milker, pruner, coffee harvester, cutter of sugar cane, coffee, cotton, etc., corral worker
  • Employee/office worker: typist, commercial secretary, executive secretary, bilingual secretary, commercial accountant, public accountant, bookkeeper
  • Mechanic: automobile mechanic, motorcycle mechanic, dental mechanic, aviation mechanic, refrigeration and air conditioning mechanic
  • Teacher: elementary school teacher, high school teacher, university professor, physical education teacher, teacher of dance, singing, swimming, beauty, etc.


3) Do not note write the profession of the enumerated person, especially if the person does not currently practice it. Consider the following examples:
a) If a public accountant worked as an elementary teacher, you should note "Elementary teacher" as occupation, and not "Public accountant".
b) If a civil engineer worked as the manager of INAA, you should note "Manager of INAA" and not "Civil engineer".
c) If an architect worked as a bank teller, you should note "Bank teller" and not "Architect".
d) If an automobile mechanic worked as a driver, you should note "Driver" (of a light vehicle, bus, or cargo truck) and not "Automobile mechanic".


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Nicaragua 2005 — source variable NI2005A_OCC3 — Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 19-31 were asked of persons age 10 or older]


28. What work did [the person] do/used to do in his/her principal job? ____

Code: _ _ _ _

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Principal job
This is the occupation at which the person spends most time in a week. If the person spends an equal amount of time at two occupations, the principal job is the one which provides more income. If the time spent at work and the income are the same, it is the one which the person considers most important.

Occupation
This is the trade or job at which the person spends his/her time.

Branch of activity
This is the activity of the place or establishment in which a person worked in the last week, or worked before becoming unemployed. Ask the person what the factory, industry, workshop, farm or establishment where the person worked did.


For persons age 10 or older (Questions 19-31)


Question 28. What did [the person] do/used to do in his/her principal job?

Write clearly and with full details the job or occupation that the person states as his/her principal job.

If the person states that s/he has more than one job, write down the one that the person spends more time at each week. If the person has two jobs at which s/he works the same number of hours, write down the job that provides more income. If the hours and income are the same, write down the one the person considers most important.

Don't confuse the person's profession with the job or occupation s/he currently holds. For example:
A) If a certified accountant states that s/he works as a primary school teacher, write "Primary school teacher" and not "Certified accountant" as the occupation.
B) If an auto mechanic states that s/he is working as a driver, write "Taxi driver" or "Bus driver", as appropriate, and not "Auto mechanic".


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Panama 2000 — source variable PA2000A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
For individuals 10 years of age and older

[Questions 14-23 were asked of persons aged 10 and older.]


18. What occupation, position or job did you do week or the last time you worked?

(If the person never worked, mark the circle "never worked.")

________ (specify the occupation)
_ _ _ _

[] 9998 Never worked (Skip to question 23)


19. Where do you work or where did you work the last?
(If the person worked in an establishment, company or institution, write the corresponding name; in the case of one who worked in the street, in the home, or in another family's home, on an agricultural plantation, etc, write what the person states.)
________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

The objective of this section is to get information about the participation of the population 10 years old or older in economic activities of the country.
The information refers to the week before the Census. This week is defined as the reference week and is understood to be from Sunday to Saturday.
It is recommended that each member of the home respond for themselves. If this is not possible, the head or responsible adult could respond for the youngest, but it is preferable to insist that the adult members, especially if they are working, respond for themselves.

[p. 86]

Principal activity of the person:
The responses obtained in questions 14 to 17 are the basis for classifying the population of 10 years old or older in:
1. Economically Active Population: is understood to be the population 10 years old or older who supplies the available work force for the production of economic goods and services in the country, during the reference week. This population is classified as employed or unemployed.

a) Employed population: covers persons 10 years old or older who during the reference week:
- Have an occupation or job remunerated in money or in kind.
- Have their own business or they work on their own account.
- Work regularly in a business or company of a member of their family even when not drawing a wage or salary ([Contributing] family worker). In this case a [contributing] family worker should have as a minimum 15 hours worked to be considered as such.
- Persons absent from their job temporarily because of sickness or accident, holidays or vacations, strikes, on leave from school or military service, on maternity leave.
- Did not work, but do occasional jobs.

b) Unemployed population: This group is understood to be persons 10 years old or older who during the reference week:
Do not have an occupation or job and are looking for employment.
Looked for work before and waits for news, that is to say, one who has adopted means of looking for remunerated employment or an independent job.

2. Not economically active population: is understood to be retirees or pensioners, students, workers at home or homemakers, rentiers and other conditions.


Question No. 18: What occupation, position or job did you do last week or the last time you worked?

For a person who works you should ask what occupation, trade or job was done last week; if the person has more than one job, write down the occupation of the principal job. Consider as the principal job as the one which produces the largest income.
For a person who answers that they did not work, you should ask what occupation, trade or job they did the last time they worked. Write down in the designed space the principal occupation, the employment or job that they did the last time they worked. If an unemployed person never has worked, but rather is looking for their first employment, mark the corresponding circle and go to question 23. The highest age for these persons is 29 if male and 45 if female, investigate the cause and make the respective observations.
Write down in this question the specific occupation that is done in the job of the enumerated person, avoiding vague or generic terms. Example:

[Below the text is a chart with 2 columns, one called "information" and one called "you should right down".]

Information
Office worker

You should write down
Internal Messenger
Hotel Receptionist
Bank Teller
Executive Secretary

Information
Driver

You should write down
Of a truck
Of a taxi
Of a bus
Of a mule

Information
Mechanic

You should write down
Of cars
Bicycle Assembler
Of diesel engines
Of sewing machines
Of typewriters

Information
Seller

You should write down
Of newspapers
Of lottery, Chances, etc
In clothes department stores,
In a pharmacy

Information
Doctor

You should write down
Psychiatrist
Children's Dental Surgeon
Dermatologist
Pediatrician

Information
Construction Worker

You should write down
Mason Helper
Mosaiquero [construction worker specialized in setting up tile]
Shoveller

Information
Secretary

You should write down
Accountant
Executive

Information
Cutter (Machetero)

You should write down
Gardener: in family house, parks, etc.
In the street: cleaner of patches of land
In their country: farmer


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Papua New Guinea 1990 — source variable PG1990A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Urban Census form

If code 01, 02, 03, or 04 is circled in Question 17, ask question 18 and 19. Otherwise, skip to question 20 for females only.
[Questions 18-19 were asked of persons who worked in the last 7 days, per question 17.]

18. Kind of Work (Occupation)

Describe the principal activity - e.g. shop attendant, nurse, taxi driver, coffee crower, crocodile hunter, etc.

Occupation _ _

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Papua New Guinea 2000 — source variable PG2000A_OCC — Occupation (4-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Continue only for persons aged 10 years or more
[Questions 13-19 were asked of persons age 10+.]

16(a). What kind of work did the respondent do in the last seven days?

Describe kind of work or occupation, e.g. plumber, street seller, farmer, car mechanic.

Work ____

16(b). What are the main tasks/duties done in that work?

Describe kind of tasks or duties done in the work stated in Q.16 (a). e.g. mending tap, selling bettlenut, weeding garden, fixing engine.

_ _ _ _
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Economic questions

The economic questions are an important part of the census form. The economic questions for each person over 10 years are in Question 15 to 19.
The census provides the chance for us to find out what kind of work people do. Work that earns some income or helps to support the family, such as growing food, is called "economic activity". Some people are not economically active. On the information collected, community needs can be identified. Better plans can be in place.

Question 16: Occupation
A person's occupation is what the person does for their economic activity. It is the kind of work they do.
There are two parts to this question. Q16 (a) is for the name or description of the occupation and Q16 (b) says what duties the person actually does. It is important to fill out both parts of the question.

Q16 (a). What kind of work did the person do in last 7 days ____
.

(Describe the kind of activity, work e.g., plumber, street seller, kaukau farmer, car mechanic)

Q16 (b). What was the main task/duties done in that work? ____

(Describe the kind of tasks or duties Done in the work stated in Q16 (a), e.g. Mending taps, selling betel nut, weeding garden, fixing car engines).

Who to ask: Ask the head of the household or the person responding.

Get this information for: All persons 10 years and older who said they were economically active in the past 7 days, i.e. Code 1 to 6 in Q15.

How to ask: "What kind of work did you(he/she) do in the last 7 days?"
Write the answer to this question and then follow up with Q16 (b).
"What is the main task/duty you (he/she) do in that work?"

[P. 97]

How to record: Give a brief answer for both parts. At least two words are neccesary to give a job description.

-Do not write in the code boxes for this question.
-Be specific, describe job and task or duty clearly. For example, do not just write "clerk" but give details of the type of clerk and type of work, as follows:
Q16a: (job) bank clerk, Q16b: (task) deposits and withdrawals.
Q16a: (job) payroll clerk, Q16b: (task) preparing wages.
Q16a: (job) accounts teller, Q16b: (task) bookkeeping.
For our purposes, task means main duty.
-It is very important to record different levels of skill. A Dentist is very different from a Dental Technician and a Mechanical Engineer from an Engineering Technician.
-Most of rural people are engaged in agricultural activities and these are easy to record. For subsistence farmers, simply record as "subsistence farmer". For cash farming, record the name of the main crops or livestock in part (a). In part (b), give main activity in the seven days, e.g. weeding crops, repairing fences, planting, clearing ground, harvesting or some similar jobs.
-It does not matter whether a person is experienced or inexperienced, if they are doing the same work. Apprentices, trainees, and foremen are coded the same if they do the same work.
-For Government Departments or other large organizations, try to give the person's job title or Grade/Classification for Q16a, e.g. Senior Statistician, Police Superintendent, or Inspector. In Q16(b), briefly describe their duties.
-A person is only classified as a manager if they supervise at least one person. A person running his own trade with no full-time help should be recorded in Q16a as a shop assistant and not a manager. His actual duties (tasks) e.g. serving customers, in Q16b, would make clear he is not a manager.
-If the person being interviewed is on leave, record his regular job when he is at work.

Note: In Q16a, the description should usually be two words. In Q16b, give duties or tasks briefly to help give an accurate code.


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Paraguay 2002 — source variable PY2002A_OCC — Occupation (4 digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Chapter G.

For individuals 10 years of age and older

25. What is (or was) your principal occupation in your work? Specify the duties. ____ _ _ _ _

Examples: Farmer, horticulturalist, agricultural laborer, food sales, dressmaker, bricklayer, auto mechanic, trailer truck driver, street vendor with a basket, supermarket cashier, construction electrician, primary school teacher, printing machinist.
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
G. Population information
For persons 10 years of age and older

Question 25: What is (or was) your principal occupation in your job? Specify the task.

You should write the occupation in detail. For example: auto mechanic. If the person has more than one occupation, the informant should define the principal occupation.

Leave the space at the bottom blank. It is for office use.

[p. 43]

Below you will find a list of some examples of occupations and the correct manner for writing them.

Incorrect annotation / Correct annotation

Builder / Reinforced concrete installer, tile installer, floor installer, plasterer, etc.

Mechanic / Automobile mechanic, clothes washing machine mechanic, chroming mechanic, dental mechanic.

Worker / Blacksmith, welder, baker, restaurant cook, etc.

Vendor / Sidewalk vendor of corn bread, fruits and vegetables, small items, etc.

Employee / Fingerprint specialist, secretary, head of personnel, general manager, computer operator.

Painter / House painter, automobile painter, bridge painter, picture painter

Professional / Civil engineer, Dentist, pharmacist, lawyer, professor of elementary education.

Technician / Electronics technician, electrical technician, telecommunications technician.

Driver / Collective transportation driver, automobile driver, tractor driver, etc.

Small jobs / Patio cleaner, gardener, moving assistant, etc.


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Philippines 2000 — source variable PH2000A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For Persons 10 Years Old and Over


P25. What was [respondent]'s usual activity/occupation during the past 12 months?
(Please see code book)
If housewife, student or retiree, skip to P29.

_ _ _ _

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
P25 Usual activity/occupation

Data on occupation are essential for analyzing the growth, composition and distribution of the work force. They provide information on socio-economic status of the population which is essential in planning the necessary training programs aimed at full and effective utilization of the country's human resources.

Ask the question in P25: "What was ______'s usual activity/occupation during the past twelve months?" for all persons 10 years old and over. Write in the space provided the type of activity/occupation of the person. This will be coded later using the Code Book.

Through this question we can determine whether a person is a gainful worker or is a non-gainful worker.

The term usual activity/occupation refers to the kind of job or business which a person was engaged in most of the time during the last twelve months preceding the interview. In other words, usual activity/occupation is the person's principal means of earning a living like a palay farmer, carpenter, retail merchant, elementary school teacher, telephone operator, etc. during the past twelve months.

For persons who did not work during the past 12 months, their usual activity/occupation relates to the non-gainful activities they usually do most of the year or to their status. They will be reported in either of the following:

1. Housekeeper, own home
2. Student
3. Pensioner (quite old to work and receiving monthly pension or annuity. Report under "Disabled" if disabled but still young).
4. Retired (quite old to work and not receiving monthly pension or annuity, including those retired from the government service or private employment who can still work but do not care to work anymore).
5. Disabled (suffering from permanent illness or permanent disability)
6. Dependent (other than above), etc.

For purposes of this census, a person is considered as gainful worker or usually working most of the time during the past 12 months if he works for at least 10 hours a week for 6 months (26 weeks) or longer, including vacation or sick leave, in one or more of these classes of work:

1. work for pay (wage, salary, commission, tips, etc.);
2. work for profit in own farm, business, private practice of a profession or trade, and;
3. work without pay on own family farm or business.

For persons whose activities varied during the preceding 12 months, report as his usual activity/occupation that which he was engaged in for more than six months. However, if none of these activities lasted for more than six months, report the one which had the longest duration.
For persons working at two permanent jobs, the job at which they work longer hours should be reported. If they spend the same number of hours on both jobs, report the job from which they earn greater income.

Take note of the following cases:

1. If a person worked most of the time during the past 12 months but actually devoted more time to studying or housekeeping most of the year, report the gainful occupation he did and not student or housekeeper.

2. If for several years a person had been a school teacher but on May 1,
2000 has already quit his teaching job and is operating a palay farm, his usual occupation is still an elementary school teacher.

3. During the census, a person may be working in a job other than his usual occupation. For instance, an elementary school teacher works during the long school vacation as a merchant or a palay farmer or fisherman works temporarily as a carpenter. In these cases, the report should be "Elementary school teacher", "palay farmer", or "fisherman", respectively, and not the temporary jobs they are presently doing.

Always describe the specific job or occupation performed by the person in the establishment, office, farm, etc., such as radio technician, records clerk, typist, stenographer, lawyer, farm manager, elementary school teacher, bill collector, carpenter, hospital attendant, etc.
Answers such as agent, engineer, mechanic, employee, etc., do not describe adequately the work performed. Ask the respondent additional questions like "Does this person work for a life insurance company, advertising agency, etc.?" or "What kind of engineer/mechanic is he?"
If the respondent gives a long description of the actual duties of work of the person, report the occupation that fits the description.

Avoid such ambiguous descriptions as owner, partner, businessman, etc. They do not adequately describe the occupation of the person. They simply indicate the proprietary relationship of the person to the business and some owners do not do any work in connection with their business.

If a person is the owner of an enterprise and he manages it or participates in its management, report "Manager" as his occupation. However, in such enterprises emerge in wholesale or retail trade, hotel, dormitory, restaurant, cafeteria or other lodging or eating place, said owner managing or participating in the management of the enterprise should be reported as "wholesale merchant", "retailer", or "working proprietor ". Note however, that a partner in a business who is paid by the partnership to manage the business should be reported as "manager" and not "working proprietor".


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Philippines 2010 — source variable PH2010A_OCC3 — Usual occupation (3-digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Population Census Questions

For all 15 years old and over.
[Questions 20 to 23 were asked of persons 15 years and over]

P20. Usual occupation - During the past 12 months, what was [the respondent]'s usual activity/occupation?

Write detailed description on the space provided. If student, housekeeper, dependent, or other non-gainful activity, skip to P24.

Occupation____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Columns P20 to P23 for All Persons 15 Years Old and Over
Columns P20 to P23 are to be accomplished only for household members 15 years old and over. Thus, if a household member is less than 15 years old, leave these columns blank.

P20-Usual Occupation
Data on occupation are essential in analyzing the growth, composition, and distribution of the country's work force. They provide information on the socio-economic status of the population and are essential in planning the necessary training programs aimed at full and efficient utilization of the country's human resources.
Ask the question in column P20, "During the past 12 months, what was [the respondent]'s usual activity/occupation?" for all persons 15 years old and over.
Through this question, we can determine whether a person is a gainful or non gainful worker. Write in the space provided the type of activity/occupation of the household member. This will be coded later in the PO.
The term usual activity/occupation refers to the kind of job or business, which a person was engaged in most of the time during the last 12 months preceding the interview. In other words, usual activity/occupation is the person's principal means of earning a living such as real estate salesman, medical doctor, architect, rice farmer, elementary school teacher, police inspector, lawyer, call center representative, and others during the past 12 months.
For persons who did not work during the past 12 months, their usual activity/occupation relates to the non gainful activities they usually do most of the year or to their status.
Non gainful persons may be reported as any of the following:

[] Housekeeper, own home
[] Student
[] Pensioner (quite old to work and receiving monthly pension or annuity)
[] Retired (quite old to work and not receiving monthly pension or annuity, including those who retired from the government service or private employment, can still work but do not care to work anymore)
[] Persons with disability (persons suffering from permanent illness or disability)
[] Dependent (other than above), and others.

For purposes of this census, a person is considered a gainful worker or usually working most of the time during the past 12 months if he/she works for at least 10 hours a week for six months (26 weeks) or longer, including vacation or sick leave, in one or more of these classes of work:

[] 1. Work for pay (wage, salary, commission, tips, and others);
[] 2. Work for profit in own farm, business, or private practice of a profession or trade; and
[] 3. Work without pay on own family farm or business.

For persons whose activities varied during the preceding 12 months, report as his/her usual activity/occupation that which he/she was engaged in for more than six months. However, if none of these activities lasted for more than six months, report the one which had the longest duration.
Take note of the following cases:

[] 1. When reporting usual occupation, note that a gainful activity takes precedence over a nongainful one when a person is engaged in both types of activities at the same time. For example, a student works in a slaughterhouse as a helper every other day in the mornings and goes to school every day in the afternoons. Report his/her occupation as a slaughterhouse helper.
However, note that if the activities do not occur at the same time, such that there is a clear-cut period to separate the gainful from the nongainful one, report the activity which occurs more than six months.
[] 2. If for several years a person had been a school teacher but on May 1, 2010 he/she had already quit his/her teaching job and is operating a palay farm, his/her usual occupation is still an elementary school teacher. Again, the reference should be the past 12 months.
[] 3. During the census, a person may be working in a job other than his/her usual occupation. For instance, a palay farmer or fisherman works temporarily as a carpenter. In this case, the report should be "Palay farmer" or "Fisherman", and not the temporary job he/she is presently doing.

Always describe the specific job or occupation performed by the person in the establishment, office, and farm, among others, such as radio technician, records clerk, typist, stenographer, lawyer, farm manager, elementary school teacher, bill collector, carpenter, cigarette vendor, and hospital attendant, among others.
Answers such as agent, engineer, mechanic, employee, and others, do not describe adequately the work being performed. As such, ask the respondent additional questions like, "Does this person work for a life insurance company, advertising agency, and others?" or "What kind of engineer or mechanic is he/she?"
If the respondent gives a long description of the actual duties of work of the person, report the occupation that fits the description.

Avoid such ambiguous descriptions as owner, partner, businessman, and others. They do not adequately describe the occupation of the person. They simply indicate the proprietary relationship of the person to the business and some owners do not do any work in connection with their business.
If a person is the owner of an enterprise and he/she manages it or participates in its management, report "Manager" as his/her occupation. However, if such enterprise is engaged in wholesale and retail trade, hotel, dormitory, restaurant, cafeteria, or other lodging or eating places, said owner managing or participating in the management of the enterprise should be reported as "wholesale merchant", "retailer", or "working proprietor". Note however, that a partner in a business who is paid by the partnership to manage the business should be reported as "manager" and not "working proprietor".
Check for the consistency of the usual activity/occupation of a person with his/her highest grade/year completed. For instance, you need to probe further if the person's usual occupation is "civil engineer" or "lawyer" but the highest grade/year completed is only "high school graduate".
Jobs/Occupations which Need Special Care in Reporting
The following are examples of jobs or occupations, which need special care in reporting:

[Unacceptable entry: Acceptable entries and examples]
[] Agent: Insurance agent, real estate agent, among others. Note that a Philippine National Police (PNP) agent should be reported as "enlisted man" while "PNP Inspector" should be reported as "police detective" or "private detective".
[]Apprentice: An entry should include both the occupation and the word "apprentice". The correct entry should be apprentice plumber, apprentice printer, and others.
[]Assemblers: Specify the type of machinery or products being assembled, such as mechanical machinery assembler, electrical machinery assembler, wood and related materials product assembler, and others.
[] Attendant: Bar attendant, hospital attendant, and others
[] Businessman: Wholesale merchant, retailer, manager, and others
[] Clerk: Accounting clerk, filing clerk, records clerk, and others
[] Collector: Bill collector, garbage collector, collector, market collector, toll collector
[] Contractor: A contractor is engaged principally in obtaining building and/or other contracts and in supervising the work. He/she should be reported as "building contractor", "road contractor", and others.
[] Craftsman or skilled worker: Specify type of skill such as miner, quarry worker, bricklayer carpenter, roofer, plumber, pipe fitter, spray painter, metal molder, sheet metal worker, blacksmith, toolmaker, metal worker, metal grinder, metal polisher, motor vehicle mechanic and fitter, radio and television services, telephone installer, electrical line installer, glass engraver, printing engraver, basket weaver, wood treater, cabinet marker, and others.
[] Driver: Tricycle driver, taxi driver, jeep driver, heavy equipment driver, calesa driver, light van driver, bus driver, tram driver, heavy truck driver, heavy van driver, and others
[] Employee: Specify whether the employee is a statistician, receptionist, typist, and others.
[] Engineer: Civil engineer, mining engineer, marine engineer, and others
Factory worker: Weaver, knitter, sewer, tinsmith, and others
[] Farmer: Rice farmer, corn farmer, sugarcane farmer, coconut farmer
[] Farm worker: Skilled rice farm worker, skilled corn farm worker, and others; farm hand, farm laborer, and others
[] Fireman: Locomotive fireman, city fireman (for city fire department), fire fighter (as in airfields), and others
[] Fisherman: Fisherman in deep-sea, fish pen, fishpond, coastal, inland, and others; fishpond operator, prawn farm machinery operator, and others
[] Foreman: Foreman-carpenter, foreman-electrician, and others
Government official: Specify position such as mayor, congressman, senator, cabinet secretary, assistant cabinet secretary, commissioner, and justice; councilor, barangay chairperson, barangay treasurer, and others.
[] Helper: Store helper, bakery helper, and others
Inspector: Meat inspector, market inspector, and others
[] Manager: Board of Director, special company manager such as: production and operations manager, finance and administration manager, personnel and industrial relations
manager, sales and marketing manager, advertising and public relations manager, supply and distribution manager, computing services manager, research and development manager, small firm manager, and others
[] Mechanic: Auto mechanic, airplane mechanic, radio mechanic, and others. Do not confuse mechanic with machinist who is a skilled craftsman and who constructs and repairs all kinds of metal parts, tools, and machines through the use of blueprints, machine and hand tools, and precision measuring instruments.
[] Midwife: Differentiate "licensed midwife" from "practical midwife", "hilot", and others
[] Nurse: Registered nurse, practical nurse, nurse's aide, and others
[] Operator: Bulldozer operator, elevator operator, telephone operator, mining plant operator, mineral ore and stone treating operator, well driller and borer, ore smelting operator, metal melter, caster and rolling-mill operator, metal heat-treating plant operator, metal drawer and extruder, glass and ceramics kiln operator, paper-making plant operator, chemical processing plant operator, power-generating plant operator, steam turbine operator, automated assembly-line operator, machine tool operator, chemical products machine operator, rubber and plastic products machine operator, wood products machine operator, printing machine operator, binding machine operator, paper and paperboard products machine operator, spinning and winding machine operator, weaving and knitting machine operator, sewing and embroidering machine operator, textile bleaching, dyeing and cleaning machine operator, meat and fish processing machine operator, dairy products machine operator, grain and spice milling machine operator, fruit, vegetable and nut processing operator, sugar processing and refining machine operator, tea, coffee, cocoa and chocolate preparing and producing machine operator, tobacco products processing machine operator, brewer and wine and other beverage machine operator, and others
[] Police: Police officer, detective, patrolman, traffic police, and others. Note that in municipalities with small police force, an entry of policeman may be sufficient or acceptable.
[] Secretary: The title "secretary" should be used for persons doing secretarial work in an office. The secretary who is an elected or appointed officer of a corporation, firm or other organization should be reported as "executive secretary".
Supervisor: Principal, superintendent, sales supervisor, teacher- supervisor, transport supervisor, housekeeping supervisor, farm overseer, and others
[] Teacher: Elementary school teacher, high school teacher, professor, instructor, substitute teacher or teaching assistant (elementary, high school or college), private tutor, university instructor, vocational-technical skill instructor, specialized trainer such as sales trainer, management trainer, instructor-trainer, and others
[] Technician: Civil engineering technician, quantity surveyor, surveyor's technician, mining technician, electrical engineering technician, electronics engineering technician, telecommunications technician, mechanical engineering technician, aeronautical engineering technician, automotive engineering technician, chemical engineering technician, metallurgical technician, mining engineering technician, production engineering technician, draftsman technician, and others. Note that an engineering graduate or a licensed engineer is an engineer by qualification but may be hired as a technician and performing technician jobs. Report him/her as a technician and specify his/her field
[] Unskilled laborer: Whenever possible, specify the unskilled laborer as "street sweeper", "janitor", "stevedore", and others

Important Notice: Pay special attention to the preceding instructions because ambiguous reporting of the usual occupation or activity will result to inappropriate or wrong codes and consequently, affect the data on the economic characteristics of the population
Skip to P24 if the member is reported to have a nongainful activity during the past 12 months.


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Portugal 1991 — source variable PT1991A_OCC — Main occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 4-28 were asked only of residents present at the time of the census.]


[Questions 18-28 were asked of individuals of age 12+]


[Questions 21-24 were asked of individuals who currently have a job (answers 1 and 2 in question 19) and to those not having a job at the moment, but express the desire to work (answers 1 to 8 from question 20.2)]


21. What is your main occupation? ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Note: For individuals that reside elsewhere different from where they are staying at 0:00 o'clock of April 15, 1991, end the filling-in of the questionnaire here.
[Applies to questions 4-28]


Note: Individuals younger than 12 years old end the filling-in of the questionnaire after question 17.
[Applies to questions 18-28]


Attention: Questions 21 to 24 are only for individuals who currently have a job (answers 1 and 2 in question 19) and to those not having a job at the moment express the desire to work (answers 1 to 8 from question 20.2).


Question 21: What is your main occupation

The individuals must indicate the situation they had in the week of 7-13 of April 1991.

As for the main occupation, we understand the type or modality of work the individual spent most time in during the reference week.

If the individual was unemployed on the week of reference, indicate the last occupation he had.

If during the reference week the individual had performed a different activity from his usual one (by being on vacation for example) he/she must indicate the usual occupation.

Be precise. For example, instead of engineer, textile employer and teacher, be precise and write: civil engineer, textile fiber preparatory worker, primary education teacher, etc. instead of generic designations like engineer, teacher, office worker, etc.

The occupation is a complex notion; it contains three dimensions to be considered: the individual's specialization, the working sector in which he works and the professional function/category he has on the job.


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Portugal 2001 — source variable PT2001A_OCC — Main occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 10-24 were asked of persons born before December 31, 1999, who consider this living quarter their usual place of residence, according to questions 3 and 9]


[Questions 17 to 23 were asked of persons age 15+ who ever attended school at a level higher then pre-primary, and consider this living quarter their usual place of residence, according to questions 3 and 13]


23. Please answer the questions 23.1 to 23.6 if you are employed or looking for a new job. If it is not the case, go to 24.
[Questions 23.1-23.6 were asked of persons age 15+ who are employed or looking for a new job, ever attended school at a level higher then pre-primary, and consider this living quarter their usual place of residence, according to questions 3, 13, and 19]

23.1. What is your main occupation? ____

Be precise, for example, instead of engineer, textile employer, teacher, be precise and write: civil engineer, textile fiber preparatory worker, primary education teacher, etc.
Question 23.1 - What is your main occupation?
Be clear and precise when stating your occupation (avoid using "of the", "of," "and").
Examples: House painter, basic education teacher 1st degree, agricultural machine driver, mechanic, paper pulp preparer, civil engineer, refrigeration air conditioning technician, etc..
1. If you are engaged in more than one occupation, indicate the one which took up most of your time during the reference week.
2. If during the said week, you performed an activity different from the one in which you are usually engaged (you were on holiday, etc.), indicate your usual occupation.
3. If you were unemployed during the reference week, indicate the last occupation you held.
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Question 23.1 - What is your main occupation?
As for main occupation we understand the type or modality of work developed by the individual during the reference week.

Be precise, for example, instead of engineer, textile employer and teacher, be precise and write: civil engineer, textile fiber preparatory worker, primary education teacher, etc. instead of generic designations like engineer, teacher, office worker, etc.

The occupation is a complex notion; it contains three dimensions to be considered: the individual is specialization, the working sector in which he works and the professional function/category he has on the job.

If the individual has more than one profession indicates the one where he spent most time during the reference week.

If during that reference week the individual had a very different occupation than from usual (by being on vacation for example) he must indicate the usual occupation.

If the individual was unemployed on the week of reference indicates the last occupation he had.

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Romania 2002 — source variable RO2002A_OCC3 — Occupation, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

_ _ _ _ 21. Occupation on current activity (type of work or craft, or qualified task done in a job at work place)
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Occupation on current main activity (the craft or qualified task actually performed at the working place) -- item 21.

70. Occupation refers to the type economic --social useful activity, usually performed for pay or income (in cash or in kind), by a person being its main resource for living.

Will be recorded as main occupation, the qualification (specialization) actually performed to the current main working place, and not the profession acquired during the studies.

[p. 51]

The occupation's name should be clearly written, on the special designated space, in order to establish the performed craft (for workers) or the position and the task actually done in a job (when the activity is mostly of intellectual kind), as following:

a) for management personnel of:

-- economic and social units (institutions of the public administration, autonomous bodies, state or private capital commercial companies, political organizations, professional, employers, trade unions, etc.) will be recorded the position as it was performed. For example: minister, ambassador, senator, state secretary, prefect, general director, division chief, service chief, office chief, chief engineering, district chief, workshop chief, etc.);
-- the functional structure compartments will be registered for occupation both the function (position) as well as the concrete activity of the compartment headed by the enumerated person. For example: division chief -- of personnel, division chief -- supply, division chief -- financing - accounting, division chief -- commercial, division chief - advertising and public relations, bureau chief- administration.

b) for the staff having executive duties, occupation will be recorded:

-- the appointment's function -- whether this coincides with the qualification: physicist (expert on physics), economist, meteorologist, biologist, journalist, sociologist, architect, accountant, etc.;
-- the appointment's function and the qualification -- whether these are not in coincidence: construction engineer, dentist, adviser on statistics, economist expert on trade and marketing, foreman -- on wood industry, foreman -- on mechanics and locksmiths, etc.

c) for craftsmen, skilled workers, services and trade operators, the particular practiced craft will be recorded as occupation: power transformer reeler, concrete mason, concrete reinforcement bars iron smith, plaster maker, carpenter, boiler maker, welder, form maker for refractory products, iron and non-ferrous (smelter) founding worker, hairdresser, telephone operator, barman, waiter, shop salesman, car driver, trailer driver, tramcar driver, mason, oil processing operator.

These category of workers should not be recorded as having an occupation "worker", but rather identified with the practiced profession (or craft).

d) for unqualified workers the actually type of work done in a job will be recorded: loader, unload worker, manual merchandises stacker, food ambulant vendor, newspapers vendor, cleaning women homemaker, carrier (transport worker), grave digger, doorman, guardian, street sweeper;

e) for farms agricultural workers, farms members, as well as for farmers working on their own household performing specialized agricultural works, will be recorded as occupation the craft or the type of activity performed: farmer on land culture, vegetable gardener, orchard man, viticulturist, flower gardener, apiarist, shepherd, greensward care taker.

-- for the persons activating on both plants growing and animal breeding, will be recorded as occupation as "working on agricultural cultures and animal breeding".

f) for military conscript will be recorded as occupation military.

Particular situations:

-- the workers, the clerks, the craftsmen and private traders or associates, etc. having private own farms, where they are working on free time, will be recorded the main occupation and not agricultural one;
-- whether a person is activating on several economical and social fields, obtaining incomes, as occupation will be considered that main activity performed (during the week March 11 -- 17, 2002) mostly on that week, as declared by the person.
-- the persons temporarily absent from their job (for example those participating to the approved qualification and specialization courses, during the working time, those vacationing, etc -- see paragraph 67 "occupied persons" -- b) will be recorded with the previous occupation they had before being on this situation.
[p. 52]

The occupation codification will be done by codifiers (so this will not have to be done by the enumerator or chief enumerator).


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Romania 2011 — source variable RO2011A_OCCISCO2 — Occupation (ISCO 1988)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Questions 32-36 refer to the main activity. And apply only to a persons whose answer to question 31.1 was different from 0 and persons whose answer to question 30 was "unemployed looking for another job" (code 2). For the latter, the characteristics corresponding to their last job shall be recorded

32. Occupation____


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Rwanda 2002 — source variable RW2002A_OCC — Occupation
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Population aged 6 years or more
[Questions 16-25.]

Active Population/currently employed or previously employed
[Questions P22-P25]


P22. Current or past occupation

What is (was) the main occupation of ____?

Write down in full the occupation of the named person.
If several occupations, write down only the main occupation.
____
_ _ _

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
C. Questions asked to all residents aged 6 years or more (questions from P16 to P25)


These questions aim at knowing the activities related to education and employment for persons aged 6 years or more [the French text says more than 6 years].

Children aged less than 6 years are not concerned with questions from P16 to P25.


Employment status (occupational status) (P21 to P25)

The following questions concern only the population aged 6 years and above. For persons below that age, one will write nothing on questions P24 to P30.

For persons who are employed, one will ask the type of work or the type of employment they are in, or that they were in from July 15, 2002 to August 15, 2002.


[Questions P22-P25 were asked of active persons who are currently or were previously employed]


P22: Current or last occupation

The occupation, as it is understood in this census, corresponds to the type of work done by the enumerated person. It does not refer to the rank, or to the grade, or to the function, and even not always to the qualification of the person, but only to the work really accomplished. This is why one must insist with the persons to be enquired to obtain the greatest accuracy, since occupations are numerous, and vague answers would be useless.

Therefore, one should not ask imprecise questions, such as "what is your occupation", but ask simply: "what type of job are you doing?", or "could you describe your job for me?"

Example:
There are good and bad answers. [Since the bad answers] are not acceptable, one should continue the interview to obtain enough accuracy to classify correctly the person into an occupation.

Bad answers:
Chief, Director, Coordinator, Forman, Trader, Farmer, and so forth.

Good answers:
Head of a gas station (petrol pump), Director of a tea factory, Rice farmer, Bread trader, and so forth.


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Senegal 2002 — source variable SN2002A_OCC3 — Occupation, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For individuals 6 years of age and older
[B16-B19 were asked of individuals 6 years and older]


B18. Occupation practiced:_________

Record the most frequent occupation in the past 12 months.

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Note: The following questions (from B16 to B19) apply to all persons aged 6 years and above. Write an oblique hyphen for the persons who are less than 6 years of age.


The following question (B18) applies only to persons for whom you have already circled "1 OCC" for employed.

B18. Main occupation practiced in the past 12 months

This is the occupation which the respondent practiced most of his or her time during the past 12 months.

For the employed persons, ask the following question: "What is the activity you are practicing, or that you did practiced during the past twelve months?"
Record the activity (occupation) declared by the respondent.

If a person practiced several activities, record the activity (occupation) that he or she estimates to have practiced most of the time.


Example of activities (occupation): farmer, bricklayer, fisherman, stock breeder, driver, auto mechanics, engineer for agricultural work, electrician engineer, vegetable gardener.

Note: always describe well the declared occupation.

Example: Retail salesperson, wholesale tradesperson, petty trader (bana-bana), apprentice for transport vehicle (motor boy), driver's aid (coxeur), postmaster, bus ticket collector, etc.

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South Africa 1996 — source variable ZA1996A_OCC3 — Occupation, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Question 16-19 should be answered for each person in the household, whether child or adult, born before 10 October 1991 (5 years or older)


19.3. Focus on the occupation of (the person). What would you call this occupation?

____ For example, plumber, street trader, cattle farmer, primary school teacher,
domestic worker.

19.4. Describe (the person's) main duty/activity in more detail.
____ For example, installing pipes in new houses, selling fruit and vegetables, breeding cattle, teaching primary school children, cleaning and cooking.


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South Africa 2001 — source variable ZA2001A_OCC — Occupation, 3 digit
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Ask for all persons aged 10 years and older (born before 10 October 1991)


Had work


P-19c. Occupation (If yes to P-18)

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ What is the main occupation of (the person) in this workplace?
Occupation refers to the type of work (the person) performed in the seven days before 10 October. Use two or more words. For example, street trader, cattle farmer, primary school teacher, domestic worker, fruit vendor, truck driver, warehouse manager, filing clerk, etc. Use capital letters only.

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question P-19c -- Occupation

"What is the main occupation of (the person) in this workplace?"

Occupation refers to the type of work the person performed in the seven days before the census. Use at least two words. Read the examples from the questionnaire to the first respondent.

Write down the current job title of the person, using two or three words, for example, primary school teacher, private gardener, cattle farmer, domestic worker, bus driver, communication technician, senior demographer, car sales person, office cleaner.

Do not accept only "teacher", "driver", "technician". Use two or three words for the description, otherwise it will be difficult to know what type of work they are doing.

Do not use academic titles like MA or PhD, or titles of honour.

National Bureau: Write the response in the boxes provided and make sure that you write inside the boxes not outside. Do not leave empty boxes between words. Start in the top left box.

Answers to questions P-19a, 19b and 19c should be related, in that they should all refer to the same job. If a person has more than one job, they should answer these questions in relation to their main job. If the answer to the occupation question appears inconsistent, probe.

[P. 52]

The table in Appendix 3 contains several examples of name of business, industrial sector, and occupation that could go together. The table illustrates two things.
It shows the difference between industrial sector and occupation. It can be clearly seen that in some cases the occupation is directly related to the industrial sector, but in other cases it is not. Jobs such as driver, labourer, clerk, human relations officer, accountant, can be done in any industrial sector.

The examples show appropriate wording and level of detail for industrial sector and for occupation.


You should study this table in your own time and make sure you understand the concepts.

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South Africa 2007 — source variable ZA2007A_OCC3 — Occupation, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Section E: Employment and economic activities - ask of all persons 15 years and older listed on the flap
[Questions P-30 to P-39 were asked of persons age 15 and older.]


P-38 Occupation
What is the main occupation of (the person) in this workplace?

[Question P-38 was asked of persons who were either working during the last seven days or had work that the persons could definitely return to, person questions P-30a to P-30g and P-31.]
For example: street vendor, primary school teacher, domestic worker etc.
Write in capital letters.
______

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

5.6. Section E: Employment and Economic Activities

This section is to be asked for every person fifteen (15) years and older listed on the flap.


Questions p-36 to p-38 are to be answered by those who responded "yes" in any of p-30a to P-30G or P-31.


(P-38) Occupation: What is the main occupation of (the person) in this workplace?
Occupation refers to the main type of work in which the person is engaged.

To give an accurate occupation to what a person does in his/her occupation, we need a very good description. Probe for full details: If the respondent answers "a clerk", probe for what type of clerk (see first example below).

The answer that clearly describes the main occupation should be written and the two or more words should generally be given to describe the occupation.

[p.55]

The following are inadequate and thorough examples of answers to this question:

Inadequate answers / Thorough answers
a. Clerk / Accounts clerk
b. Office work / Compiles monthly accounts

a. Labourer / Construction labourer
b. Labouring / Carries bricks

a. Teacher / Primary school teacher
b. Education / Teaching primary school children

a. Manager / Hotel manager
b. Managing / Control staff, food, etc. in hotel

In particular, give a good description of the main duties of farm workers e.g. tilling soil, driving tractors, picking fruit, packing fruit, etc.


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Switzerland 1970 — source variable CH1970A_ISCO3 — Present occupation (ISCO 3 digit)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

D. Questions to persons who carry out a profession
[Applies to questions 20-22]


21. Main profession or part time activity:

[Unemployed persons indicate in question 21a and 21b their last employment]


a) What is your present activity (please specify, possibly in note form, e.g. not just factory worker, but e.g. metal polisher, leather preparer; not just "employee" but e.g. punch card operator, general office work):

________


b) Occupational status, hierarchical grade (unskilled worker, apprentice, foreman, skilled worker, home worker, chief clerk, office manager, tenant farmer, business owner, family member employed in family business, etc.):

________


c) Name of employer, firm (persons who work for several employers, e.g. home workers, cleaners, should write 'several' only):

________


d) Branch, line of business (please specify as accurately as possible, e.g. not just "furniture" but "furniture factory" or "furniture dealer"):

________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 21: Principal or part time occupation
a) Which occupation do you have presently?
It should be noted that the current practiced occupation is requested not the profession learned. This question should be answered as precisely as possible. General entries are to be avoided. Housewives and house daughters who work predominantly as such should enter housewives or housework.

[p. 25]

b) Present occupation, level
Persons who work all or most of the time in a family enterprise are working family members. Home workers are persons who work in their dwelling or another self-selected place for wages for one or more employer. Other possibilities are co-owner, director, master, journey man, and apprentice. Public servants give their position title.

c) Name of employer, company
Public servants enter the name of their office.

d) Branch of economy, industry
The branch of economy should be specific, such as cotton spinning, hosiery knitting, grocery store, etc. Female employees in agriculture should state whether they work predominantly in the household or in agricultural duties.

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Switzerland 1980 — source variable CH1980A_ISCO3 — Present occupation (ISCO-COM), 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

D. Questions to persons who carry out a profession (Numbers 18-20) and housewives (only Number 18c)


19. Main profession or part-time activity:

a. What is your present activity? Please specify, possibly in note form, e.g. not just factory worker, but e.g. metal polisher, electrical winding-machine operator; not just "employee" but e.g. sales-assistant, punch card operator, general office-work.____

b. Occupational status, hierarchical grade: e.g. apprentice, laborer, unskilled worker, home-worker, skilled worker, foreman, chief clerk, shop-foreman, senior bank employee, works manager, tenant-farmer, proprietor, relative employed in family business.____

c. Name of employer, firm ____
[Persons who work for several employers, e.g. home-workers, cleaners, should write 'several' only.]

d. Branch, line of business: please specify as accurately as possible, e.g. not just "furniture" but "furniture factory" or "furniture dealer" ____


E. Questions to pensioners and retired persons


21. What was your profession before your retirement?____
Examples: see Question 19a

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 19: Principal occupation and part time occupation

a) What is your occupation presently?

The current occupation is to be chosen, not the learned profession. The question is to be answered as precisely as possible. The actual occupation, not the position title, is to be entered (see examples on the questionnaire.)

Fulltime housewives and house daughters enter "housewife" or "housekeeping" in question 19a.
Persons working in institutions enter their specific occupation there.

[p. 43]

b) Position at work

Persons who work all or most of the time in a family enterprise are working family members. Home workers are persons who work in their dwelling or another self-selected place for wages for one or more employer.
Other possibilities are, for example, journey man, apprentice, director, co-owner. Public servants give their position title.

c) Name of employer, company

Public servants enter the name of their office.

d) Branch of economy, industry

The branch of economy should be specific, such as cotton spinning, hosiery knitting, grocery store, etc.
Female employees in agriculture should state whether they work predominantly in the household or in agricultural duties.


Questions 21 and 22: Former occupation of retired persons

The analysis of this question is to provide information on health risks and life expectancies of the various professions.

Retired persons state the occupation they had when they retired at the retirement age (men 65, women 62), even so if they might have answered already 19a and b, because they worked beyond the retirement age. If such a job after retirement is different from that before retirement, then the former should be considered for questions 19a and b, and the latter for questions 21 and 22.


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Switzerland 1990 — source variable CH1990A_ISCO3 — Present occupation (ISCO-COM), 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

II. Profession: Questions to employed, unemployed and persons no longer employed


13. Professional occupation

For employed persons: What is your present occupation? ________

For unemployed persons and those no longer employed: What was your last occupation? ________


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Switzerland 2000 — source variable CH2000A_ISCO3 — Present occupation (ISCO-COM), 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Questions 15 and 16 are intended for people in employment and apprentices


16. What is your present occupation?

Wherever possible, indicate the exact title of your job. Your reply should clearly indicate the precise nature of your work, e.g. 'metal grinder' (instead of just 'grinder'), 'shop assistant, shoes' (instead of 'shop assistant'), 'clerk' (instead of 'employee'), manager, financial services (instead of 'manager'), 'clerk of court' (instead of 'LL.B.'), 'artist/painter' (instead of 'painter/decorator'), 'primary teacher' (instead of 'teaching')

Indicate your main occupation (select just one reply). ________


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Thailand 2000 — source variable TH2000A_OCCWK3 — Occupation last week, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For persons 13 years and over
[Questions S13-L21 were asked of all individuals 13 years and older]


Last week work (March 25-31, 2000)
[Questions L17-19]

L17. Last week occupation_____

Record occupation and position and skip to L20

Occupation_____
Position_____

Examples:

Occupation Street food vendor
Position ____

Occupation Accountant
Position Accountant

If did not work, record "did not work" AND ask next column (L18)

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

21.1 Last week's occupation prior to the census date
This is work for which a person spent most of his time, between the dates of March 25th and March 31st, 2000.


Column S13-S16 and L17-L22
[Ask persons age 13 years or older]


Column L17, L18, L19: Last week work (25 -- 31 Mach, 2000)
[Questions were asked of persons age 13 years or older]

[p. 109]

[Table summarizing columns L17-L19 not presented here]

Procedure for recording the form

Column L17: Last week occupation

The question asked [of respondent] "Between March 25th and March 31st, 2000, in what kind of occupation did you spend most of your time?"

If working:

Record clearly the occupation, job description, and position that a person had during the past 7 days before the census date (such as commercial rice farming, cassava planting, coconut growing, electrical appliance sales person, chief of the financial section, painter, molder, furniture carpenter, rice transport laborer, mail, earth digger, etc.)

(Note: do not record the occupation as government official, businessman because they are ambiguous).

For the occupations like craftsman, teacher, engineer, mechanic, medical doctor, nurse, driver, agricultural worker, employee:

Record their occupations [to be] the same as the record of last

[p. 110]
year's occupation (see the procedure for recording last year's occupation from the PHC2 form, column S14)

If in the week before the census date a person had more than one occupation, record only one occupation by considering the following criteria:

1. The occupation where a person spent most of his time in the past 7 days before the census date.
2. The occupation where a person earned higher wages or income than for other occupations - if a person spent equal amounts of time in both occupations.
3. Ask the respondent to select the occupation by himself, if a person spent equal time in [both] occupations and earned an equal amount of income from [both] occupation.

If the work is a permanent occupation, such as a primary school teacher in the government school or a typist in an automobile selling company:

1. If during the past 7 days (March 25th-31st, 2000) a person did not work because of sickness or taking a leave of absence, the occupation for that particular person during the previous week before the census date was his permanent work.

2. If during the past 7 days (March 25th-31st, 2000) a person did not work for his permanent occupation because of a leave of absence or school closing, but did another kind of work, the occupation in the previous 7 days before the census date was a different kind of work that [the one] he was doing at that time.

For Example:
Mr. A is a primary school teacher in the government school. During the March 25th-31st, 2000 week, the school was closed. Mr. A made bamboo baskets, to be sold at his house. Therefore, the occupation of Mr. A during the 7 days before the census date was "Bamboo basket maker".

Permanent job:

The specific meaning of this is a kind of occupation, in which a person receives wages, salary or anything in return on a regular basis - even though during the 7 days before the census date a person did not do the work - that person still maintains his position during that 7 days period before the date of the census.

If [the respondent] knows the occupation but not the position:

Record the occupation on the space provided and record a dash for the position.


[p. 111]
If [the respondent] does not know the occupation, job description, or the position, but the enumerator is sure that person is working:

Record "Working, but occupation not known".

If recording the occupation that a person had during the week before the census date:

Record "Working, but occupation not known" in column L17, leave columns L18 and L19 blank.

For those whose work status was recorded in column S16 as code "7" or "unpaid family worker": if during the past 7 days (March 25th-31st, 2000) a person did not work:

Record "Not working".

For those who are not working such as the pensioner, having income from loan interest, etc. they are considered not working

Record "not working".

If recorded "Not working" in column L17, continue asking [questions for] the next column.


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Trinidad and Tobago 1990 — source variable TT1990A_OCC — Main occupation during previous week (three digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section 4. Economic activity - For all persons 15 years old and over

This section deals with the economic activity of all who are 15 years old and over. It relates to the past week as well as the past 12 months. Questions 16 to 18 apply to those answering from 10 to 30 in Question 15.

Interviewer: Job seekers and persons wanting work must have responses to Questions 16-18

17(a). What kind of work was [the respondent] doing (job held) during the past week, e.g. secondary school teacher, account clerk, automobile mechanic?

Occupation____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section 4 - Economic activity-questions [15] to [21]
The main purpose of this section is to determine which individuals have been engaged in economic activity, that is the production of goods and services for sale during the week preceding enumeration and at any time during the past twelve [12] months and, those who were not so engaged. It is essential that the enumerator understands the concept of the term work as given in question [15] and makes use of it in his interviews. Generally, work done outside Trinidad and Tobago is not relevant to the census, but work done under contract on Canadian farms by residents is to be included, as also is work by resident crew on ships and aircraft operating outside of the country.
It should be noted that priority is given to work over all other activities. Also, economic activity holds precedence over non-economic.

Question 17 - Main type of occupation/work

You are required to write the kind of work the person has done during the past week. Where the person has done more than one job during the reference period the question relates to the principal job, this in general, will be the one at which he spent most time. Probe for a description of the main duties performed. Examples of kind of work done are "preparing pay sheets", "filling correspondence", "teaching in primary school", "selling life insurance", etc. Be as specific as possible.
The job title refers to the official name given by the employer or appearing in the union agreement to classify the actual work done and is used to determine the person's rate of pay or pay-scale. The job title should be written in as much detail as possible and vague terms must be avoided. Descriptions such as agent, apprentice, attendant, clerk, proprietor, sales man are insufficient-they must be qualified.
The following are examples of acceptable designations: House real estate agent, Life insurance agent, Chartered accountant, Departmental store sales clerk, Electrical engineer I, Bus driver, Police sergeant, Secondary school teacher or Teacher II, Maxi taxi driver, Sales manager etc.

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Trinidad and Tobago 2000 — source variable TT2000A_OCC — Main occupation (3 digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section 6. Economic activity - For all persons fifteen (15) years old and over

This section deals with the economic activity of all who are 15 years old and over. Questions 23 to 24 apply to those answering [30] in Question 22.

26(a). Main kind of occupation/work

What kind of work was (N) [the respondent] doing (job held/ did (N) [the respondent] apply for) during the past week? e.g. secondary school teacher, account clerk, automobile mechanic?

Occupation____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section 6 - Economic activity

The main purpose of this section is to determine which individuals have been engaged in economic activity, that is, the production of goods and services during the week preceding enumeration and at any time during the past 12 months and those who were not so engaged. It is essential that the enumerator understands the concept of the term work as given in question (22) and makes use of it in his interviews.

Question 26 (a) - Main kind of occupation / work

You are required to obtain the kind of work the person has done during the past week. Where the person has done more than one job during the reference period, the job which the individual says is the main job is taken. If the respondent is still unsure of the main job done in the past week the one at which most time is spent will be recorded.

Probe for a description of the main duties performed. Examples of kind of work done are "preparing pay sheets", "filing correspondence", "teaching in primary school", "selling life insurance", etc. Be as specific as possible.


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Uganda 1991 — source variable UG1991A_OCC — Occupation, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For All Persons Aged 10 Years or Over


18. Occupation last week (what kind of work did person do?)

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

120. The next set of questions, 14. to 18, apply to all persons aged 10 or over. Look back at the age you have entered for each person. For those aged 0 to 9 years write "N/A" for question 14 and leave the rest of the column blank.


Question 17 and 18 Activity Status and Occupation

134. Questions 17 and 18 are concerned with how people provide for themselves, how they make their living. The questions apply to women as well as to men.

135. In the week before census night, almost everyone in Uganda will have done something to provide for him or herself. It is your job to discover and record what each person did. It does not matter whether they had a job or were paid for what they did. A person who farmed or fished or replaced thatch on a roof or cultivated a vegetable garden worked. So did people who were in paid employment.

136. Ask the questions as they are set out here and on the questionnaire and talk about each member of the household until you understand what he or she did in the way of making a living last week. Make entries on the questionnaire only when you have the picture clear in your mind.


Question 18 Occupation Last Week

144. "What kind of work did the person do?"

145. If the person was "employed", "self-employed" or "unpaid" we require an exact description of what the person did. For others write "N/A".

146. Remember that we are interested in the main or most important activity. It is sometimes difficult to get an exact answer but you should aim always to provide a two or three word description of what the person did - for example, "sales manager", "typist clerk", "motor mechanic", "foreman carpenter", "primary teacher", "forklift operator". Avoid general terms such as "operator", "clerk", "manager" "selling", "business" or "civil servant". We need to know just what it was the person operated, what kind of a clerk or mechanic, whether a teacher taught in primary or secondary school or at university, whether the person was selling vegetables on the roadside or operating a retail shop or selling motor spares, whether the civil servant was an office messenger, a filing clerk, an executive officer, a government medical doctor or a permanent secretary.

147. Speak to the person concerned whenever possible. Members of the household are often vague as to the occupations of others.

148. If the person is in employment you may find you get a better idea of his/her job by asking for the job title and recording that.

149. Many people may be described as "farmers" or "peasants". It is important that we know what kind of farmers they are.

150. A person living in his/her village, who worked in village or subsistence agriculture last week and who did no other work may be entered as "peasant farmer" which you may shorten to "p farmer". Such a person may do a variety of tasks in growing or gathering produce to feed and clothe his/her family and may sell some produce but is not a commercial farmer.

151. If the person grows crops such as coffee or cotton or raises chickens or other livestock mainly for sale enter them as "coffee grower", "cotton farmer", "market gardener" or as the case may be.

152. Many of these farmers engage in more than one activity but in describing their work you should pick the main activity - the one to which most time is given - the one which the person regards as most important - the one which is commercial.

153. A person may not have worked last week because he or she was temporarily absent from work. In such cases ask about the person's normal occupation. A teacher on holiday, for example, may not have been teaching last week because the schools are closed, but the occupation should be entered as "primary teacher" or "secondary teacher" as the case may be.

154. The next set of questions, 19 to 22, applies to all women aged 12 or over.

155. An answer is required of all women in this category whether or not they are married, whether or not they are still attending school, and whether or not you think they may have borne children.

156. If the person is male or is a girl aged 0-11 years, write "N/A" on line 19 and leave the rest of the column blank.

157. If possible, speak to the woman herself. She will know about the children she has borne and will be able to answer the question more accurately than anyone else.

158. We are concerned with the number of children a woman has borne alive. A child born alive is one who cries after being born. Do not include still births - that is children who did not cry.

159. Ask, "Has this woman borne any children?"

160. If the woman has never borne any children alive, write "0" on lines 19 and 20 and leave lines 21 and 22 blank.

161. If the woman has borne a child or children, ask
"How many children has she borne?"

162. Write the number on line 19. The census is concerned with all the children a woman has borne. Include children who have grown up and left home, children borne by the women to other men as well as her present husband, her children who are living away from home and children who have died even if they died shortly after birth. Be careful to include young babies.

163. Do not include adopted children or step children or children who live with the household but were not borne by the woman herself.

164. "How many of the children she has borne are still alive?"

165. Write the number of children still alive.

166. "When was the last child born?"

167. Record the month and year for children born between 1985 and 1990. For children born before 1985 it will be enough to record the year of birth.

168. "Is the child still alive?"

169. Write "yes" or "no" as appropriate.

170. You have completed particulars of persons in the household. Now check,

that there is no one else you should have included,
that no line has been left blank if it should have been completed,
that others can read what you have written,
that the information you have recorded agrees item with item.


171. If you find that things have gone wrong or there are mistakes or omissions put them right. The record must be complete and accurate before you leave the household.

172. When you are satisfied that the particulars of all persons are correctly recorded, turn over the page and complete the remaining sections of the questionnaire.

173. Record the particulars of disabled persons, the household information and housing conditions on the back of the first page relating to the household. If you have used two or more pages for particulars of persons because there were more than ten in the household on census night, draw a diagonal line across the household particulars on second and subsequent pages.

174. If you are enumerating persons in institutions or in the floating population, leave these sections blank.

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Uganda 2002 — source variable UG2002A_OCC — Occupation, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

For all persons aged five years and above


P20 Occupation What kind of work did name mainly do in the last 7 days? (Describe in not less than 2 words) ___

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

School Attendance and Educational Attainment
130. The questions on education apply to All Persons Aged 5 (Five) Years and Above. Look back at the age you have entered for each person. For those aged 0 to 4 years write "N/A" (Not Applicable) for Question P16 and leave the rest of the column blank.
131. For purposes of the census, education does not include any form of pre-primary education such as Nursery Education, even if the person is of eligible age.


Activity Status
138. Personal activity status is defined in relation to the person's position at his/her place of work and his/her mode of remuneration i.e. self employed, Paid employee, Unpaid family worker, Student, pensioner, etc.
139. Main activity Refers to the most important economic activity the respondent was engaged in terms of time spent during the last seven (7) days preceding the Census night. 140. Self-Employed: It comprises of employers and own account workers.

1. Employer: This is a person who operates his or her own economic enterprise or engages independently in an economic activity, and hires one or more employees. For example, a person who owns a shop and hires a person whom he/she pays a salary is considered an employer.
2. Own account worker: is a person who operates his/her own economic enterprise without employing other people as helpers. For example, a person who makes bricks and does not employ any helper is considered an own account worker, not an employer.

141. Unpaid Family workers: Refers to those members of the Household who work in an enterprise operated by the Household without pay or profit.
142. Paid Employee: This is a person who performs work for a public or private employer and receives remuneration in wage or salary, commission and piece rates in cash or in kind.
143. Some examples of paid employees are a primary teacher who works in a school for a wage/salary is a paid employee; a person who makes bricks from materials owned by others, and who is paid a salary or wage for work is a paid employee; a person who works in a shop belonging to a Household for a salary is a paid employee.
144. All persons who will be temporary absent from work because they are on holiday, sick leave, maternity leave, annual leave and for some other reasons but continue to receive wage or salary, will be recorded as paid employees code '10'. For example: A teacher on holiday, he/she may not have taught during the last 7 days before the census night but continued to receive his/her salary. Such person is considered as a paid employee.
145. Also all persons who were engaged in temporary activity while on holiday, leave or some other reason but have a permanent job to return to, his/her usual activity will be recorded not the temporary activity. For example, a secondary school teacher who is on holiday and is currently employed as a census enumerator or Supervisor, his /her usual activity status (Paid employee) and occupation (Secondary teacher) is the one to be recorded.
146. Looking for Work: These include persons without work i.e. were not in paid employment or self employed and had taken specific steps in a specified recent period to seek paid employment or self-employment. The specific steps include registration at a public or private employment exchange, application to employers, checking at work sites, farms, factory gates, market or other assembly places, placing or answering newspaper advertisements, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, looking for land, building, machinery or equipment to establish own enterprise, arranging for financial resources, applying for permits and licenses, etc.
147. Full time Student: A person who attends a regular formal educational institution, public or private, and does so on a full time basis is called a full time student. Part-time students in formal institutions but also working elsewhere should be regarded as Working.
148. Household Worker: A person of either sex involved in housework and is not paid for the chores he/she performs is called a Household worker.
Industry
149. Refers to the type of economic activity carried out by the enterprise where a person is working. For example, a school nurse is considered to be in the education sector, while an accountant in a soap factory is in the manufacturing sector. Subsistence farmers are considered to be in the agricultural sector.
150. Manufacturing is defined here as the physical or chemical transformation of materials or components into new products, whether the work is performed by power-driven machines or by hand, whether it is done in a factory or in the worker's home, and whether the products is sold at wholesale or retail.
151. Some common manufacturing activities include making pancakes, making chapatti, grinding groundnuts, slaughtering animals, coffee processing, maize milling, making curry powder, brewing local beer, distilling local waragi, making furniture, etc.
Occupation
152. Occupation refers to the actual work that an individual does at the place of work. This is irrespective of what the organization actually produces. The information on occupation will be coded in the office. You are thus required to give brief but precise descriptions of the actual occupations, in order for the head office to be able to assign appropriate codes.
153. A description such as "farmer" or "Crop Farmer" is not sufficient. To get the appropriate code we need a description such "Subsistence crop farmer". Additional examples
i. Do not report "Teacher" only but include the level "Primary School Teacher", "Secondary School Teacher", "University Lecturer"
ii. Do not report "farmer" but the type of farmer, such as "Subsistence Crop Farmer ", "Subsistence Animal Farmer", "Commercial Crop Farmer", "Commercial Animal Farmer", "Commercial Fish Monger"
iii. Do not report Trader but the type of trader, such as "Retail Trader Of Food Items", "Wholesalers, Importers".
iv. One of the common occupations is a retailer who sells a wide variety of products such as foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, stationery items, soap, cigarettes, and other products. Report the occupation description for these as "Retail trader in General Merchandise"

How to fill in Questions 18 - 20
154. Questions P18, P19 and P20 are meant for all persons aged 5 years or above. Look back at the age you have entered for each person. For those aged 0 to 4 years write "N/A" for question P18, leave the rest of the columns blank and continue to the next person.
155. Ask the questions as they are set out on the questionnaire and talk to each member of the Household and code after understanding what he/she did during the last 7 days prior to the Census Night.


Question P20: Occupation
"What kind of work did (name) do in the last 7 days?"
164. Please describe the occupation in as much detail as possible (in not less than two words). Record the respondent's answer, keeping in mind what is required for proper coding. If the answer is not sufficiently detailed, probe further.


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United Kingdom 1991 — source variable UK1991A_ISCO3 — International standard classification of occupations, 3 digit
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Answer to the remaining questions are not required for any person under 16 years of age (born after 21st April 1975)
[Applies to questions 13 - 19]


[Questions 14 - 18 were asked of persons who currently have or have had a job in the last 10 years]


15. Occupation
Please give the full title of the person's present or lat job and describe the main things he/she does or did in the job.

At a, give the full title by which the job is known, for example: 'packing machinist'; 'poultry processor'; 'jig and tool fitter'; 'supervisor of typists'; 'accounts clerk'; rather than general titles like 'machinist', 'process worker'; 'supervisor' or 'clerk'. Give rank or grade if the person has one.
At b, write down the main things the person actually does or did in the job. If possible ask him/her to say what these things are and write them down.
Armed Forces - enter 'commissioned officer' or 'other rank' as appropriate at a, and leave b blank.
Civil Servants - give grade at a and discipline or specialism, for example 'electric engineer'; 'accountant'; 'chemist'; 'administrator' at b.

a Full job title ________
b Main things done in job ________


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Uruguay 2006 — source variable UY2006A_OCC3 — Occupation (ISCO-88, 3 digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

F. Work activity

Only for persons age 14 or older

F.2 Characteristics of the main job


67. What activities do you perform in the work that brought you the most income? In other words, what is your occupation?

[Question 67 was asked of persons age 14 or older who worked last week or had a job or business to return to, as per questions 62, 63, and 64.]

________ _ _ _ _

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
F) Work activity
(Only for people age 14 or older)

This section of the questionnaire will be carried out only for people age 14 or older.

This collection of questions intends to investigate not only the current occupational status of a person, but also the basic characteristics of the employed, unemployed, and inactive.

The concepts and criteria to determine the occupational status of the population are those recommended by the International Office of Work (OIT), recognized by the different social actors of the country.

Who are the employed? They are all those who worked for at least an hour the week previous to the survey or that didn't work because of vacations, a sickness or accident, work conflict, or job interruption because of bad weather, or lack of raw materials, but he has employment to which it is sure he will return.

Characteristics of the main job


67. What activity do you perform in your work that gives you the most income?

The objective that this question pursues is to determine the occupation type of the interviewee, that in total is the collection of tasks completed by a person, and can be classified according to their complexity and level of knowledge required to carry them out.

It will be described with clear letters and in brief, but precise, form in order to achieve an adequate classification of the occupation of the people, avoiding in all cases annotations such as employee, worker, supervisor, boss, owner, odd-job worker, person in-charge, pawn, go-for. To serve as an example a brief list will be transcribed of the uniform international classifier of occupations (CIUO '88) that is currently used by the ECH.


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Venezuela 2001 — source variable VE2001A_OCC — Occupation

No questionnaire text is available for this sample.


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Vietnam 1999 — source variable VN1999A_OCC3 — Occupation, 3 digit
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Persons born before 4/1986 (13 years old or over) answer the following questions:


17. What was the main job that (Name) performed during the last 12 months and what position did (Name) hold (if any)?

____
____
____
(Specify)
_ _ _

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Questions 13 to 18: Only ask persons who were born before April, 1986 (aged 13 years and older) (Persons who were born in 1986 and do not have month of birth in question 4 should also answer these questions).


Question 17: What was the main job that (name) performed during the last 12 months and what position did (name) hold (if any)?

This question is only asked of persons who have code "1" in Question 16.

The main job during the last 12 months is the job which occupies most of a person's total working time to generate income during the last 12 months before the census.

Filling-in: interviewers should write name of the main job which respondent worked (the most time occupied) during the last 12 months before the census and position (if any) of that job. Interviewers should not fill in very general name of the job, such as "working in rice field", "worker", "professional", "government staff", "being hired", or "teacher", etc.

Notes:

For persons who are managers in institution or factory and persons who work for communist party or mass organizations (receiving salary for specialists), interviewers report their position and name of their work place, level of communist party position or mass organization, for example: director of Hanoi cake and candy factory, general director of Vietnam machine assembly company, head of district statistic department, district president, secretary of provincial communist party, president of provincial labor union, president of district women's union, etc.

For persons who perform both professional and communist organization's or union's works (semi-specialization, not receiving bi-works salary), interviewers record their main job as their professional job and position (if any), and do not write position of his communist organization or union's work.

For example: a person is a head of human resource department at statistics bureau and secretary of the statistics bureau's communist party (semi-specialization, not receiving bi-works salary), interviewers record his main occupation as "head of human resource department".
A person grows rice paddy and is also secretary of village's communist party (semi-specialization, not receiving bi-works salary or only receiving allowance from commune/ward), interviewers report his/her main occupation as "growing rice paddy".


For those who are working at commune/ward and performing other income-generating activities, and both jobs are not specialized (for example, a person is a head of the village and a collaborator for program of population and family planning), interviewers check the job which occupies most of his/her time during the last 12 months and fill in the question (in this example, if that person spent more time for the job as a collaborator for program of population and family planning, interviewers write down "collaborator for program of population and family planning").

For those who perform religious activities, interviewers fill in their religious position, such as monk, bishop, missionary, etc.

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Zambia 2010 — source variable ZM2010A_OCC2 — Main occupation last 12 months, 3 digits
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Only for persons aged 12 years or older
[Applies to questions 31-37]

P34. What kind of work did [the respondent] do in his/her main job or business during the last 12 months?

Write main occupation an enter code ____ _ _ _
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
4.15 Economic activity: for persons 12 years and older

4.16 Occupation


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Zimbabwe 2012 — source variable ZW2012A_OCC — Occupation (3-digits)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
D- For persons age 10 years and above
[Questions 20 to 22 were asked of persons age 10 years and above]

21. What was (the respondent's) main occupation during the last 12 months?

For codes 0-3 in Question 20

Occupation _ _ _
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section D: For Persons Age 10 Years and above
The section dwells on what people age 10 years and above spent most of their time doing.

Q21 Main occupation and Q22 Specialization
Responses on occupation and specialization are to be recorded firstly in the numerator's note book during an interview. Thereafter, the enumerator will code this information (see Classification of Occupations Manual) and shade in appropriate boxes on the questionnaire before leaving the premise.

Q21 Main occupation
For persons coded 0-3 in Q20 above, i.e., paid employees; employers; own account workers; unpaid family workers.

This refers to trade, or profession performed by an individual during the last 12 months, irrespective of the industry or status in employment of the individual. Where multiple occupations are common, the main or usual occupation should be determined. This is done by determining the duration of work in each occupation during the reference period.

For those with multiple occupations, i.e. when a person is involved in more than one occupation at a given time, e.g. government official who teaches part-time, or a teacher who enumerates during the census, record the person's main occupation i.e. where he/she spends most of the time.

The type of work should be recorded as fully as possible, e.g. shorthand typist; grade 3 carpenter; key punch operator; motor vehicle mechanic; panel beating foreman; etc. Avoid such unclear and one word descriptions as operator; foreman; driver; etc. Probe so that you put people in the correct category. If in doubt ask for a description for the main kind of work and note it in the comments section and seek guidance from supervisor at the earliest possible opportunity.