Questionnaire Text

Hungary 1970
Hungary 1980
Hungary 1990
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Hungary 1970 — source variable HU1970A_LANG — Mother-tongue
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9. Native language
[] 1 Hungarian
[] 2 Slovakian
[] 3 Rumanian
[] 4 Serbian, Croatian, other Yugoslav
[] 5 German
[] 6 Gypsy
[] 7 Other, namely ____
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9. Mother tongue
Mother tongue is the language in which the person generally speaks with the members of his/her family and which one, free of all influences and true reality, declares to be his/her mother tongue. The mother tongue of the dumb and the infants unable to speak is the language in which their next of kin regularly speak. Only one language can be marked as mother tongue.

In case of Southern Slavic languages -- Bunjevac, Chroatian, Shokatz, Rascian, Slovenian, Vendish -- as far as question 9 is concerned the Bunjevac, Chroatian and Shokatz languages are grouped as Chroatian language, the Serbian and Rascian languages are grouped as Serbian language, while the Slovenian and Vendish languages are grouped as "other Southern Slavic" languages.

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Hungary 1980 — source variable HU1980A_LANG — Mother tongue
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9. Mother language
[] 1 Hungarian
[] 2 Slovakian
[] 3 Romanian
[] 4 Croatian
[] 5 Serbian
[] 6 Slovenian
[] 7 German
[] 8 Gipsy
[] Other
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9. Mother tongue

The mother tongue is the language first taught as a child and generally spoken with the family members and declared freely, without any intervention by the respondent. The mother tongue of the dumb and the infant is the language spoken by their relatives. As mother tongue only one language must be entered.

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Hungary 1990 — source variable HU1990A_LANGM — Mother tongue
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11. Mother tongue:
[] 01 Hungarian
[] 02 Slovakian
[] 03 Romanian
[] 04 Croatian
[] 05 Serbian
[] 06 Slovenian
[] 07 German
[] 08 Gipsy
[] Other, specify it: ____


12. Do you speak any other language besides your mother tongue?
[] 0 No
[] Yes, specify: ____
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11. Mother tongue

Mother tongue is the living language which one learns in one's childhood (as one's first language) and in which the person generally speaks with the members of his/her family and which one, free of all influences and true reality, declares to be his/her mother tongue. The mother tongue of the dumb and the infants unable to speak is the language in which their next of kin regularly speak.

12. Language spoken besides mother tongue

The living language besides mother tongue is the one in which the person is capable to understand and to make him/her understood by others. In case the person speaks several languages other than the mother tongue the one mostly used will be marked.