Now we would like to ask for information on you and the persons habitually living in your household or currently residing in your home

Residents only
[Questions in columns 12 - 15 were asked of residents only]

(15) Status of the mother

Columns (14) and (15): Status [word used is survival] of father and mother
Ask if the biological father and mother of [the respondent] are still alive. If the answer is NO, circle the code "5" for deceased. If the answer is yes, ask then if the parent of [the respondent] lives in the household? If "yes," circle the code "1" for present in the household "PRM". If NO, ask if the parent of [the respondent] lives in the township, elsewhere in Benin, or outside of Benin and circle the corresponding code according to the following:

This is to know whether the mother of the counted person is still alive or has passed.

Ask the question: Q: "Is your/[the respondent]'s mother still alive, and, if yes, where does she live?"
[] Circle the code corresponding to the given response.

NB: This regards biological parents.

The codes to use are:

107b. Column A12: Mother

Q: Is [the person's] biological mother alive?

Like in the case of the father above find out from the respondent if the biological mother of each and every person listed in A1 is alive or dead. If the biological mother is still alive write code "1" in the shaded area, if the biological mother is dead or no longer alive write code "2" and finally if it is not known if the biological mother to the person in question is alive write code "3" in the shaded area. The enumerator must probe thoroughly before accepting that it is not known if the mother is alive or not.

Parental survival

12. Is [the respondent's] biological mother alive?

137. Column A11: Mother
Q. Is the respondent's biological mother alive?
Find out from the respondent if the biological mother of each and every person listed in A1 is alive or dead. If the biological mother is still alive enter code "1" in the shaded area. If the biological mother is dead enter code "2". If it is not known if the mother to the person in question is alive enter code "3" in the shaded area. You must probe thoroughly before accepting that.

P29-P30. Survival of father/ mother

Individual particulars
For all persons
[Questions 1 to 6 were asked of all persons]

[6] Mother

59. Column 6: Mother: Is you mother (i.e. natural mother) alive
The question is to be asked for knowing whether the person's mother is living at all. If the mother is alive anywhere you should give code 1. In case mother had died you should give code 2. In case the respondent cannot know whether his mother is alive due to separation from her at the time of war or political disturbance, you should give code 3. If you record code 1 for a person you should proceed to fill in column 7, if the person is aged 0-14. If that person is aged 15+ skip to column 8. If you record code 2 or code 3 for person skip to column 8.

6. Mother

You have to collect information in part 2 for all persons mentioned in statement 1.1 and statement 1.2 of part 1. Some of the following questions have been answered in part 1. Therefore there will be no need to ask these questions again. In such cases all you have to do is to copy the information in the appropriate column.

59. Column 6: mother - is mother (i.e. natural mother) of the person alive?

The question is to be asked for knowing whether the person's mother is living at all. If the mother is alive anywhere you should give code 1. In case mother had died you should give code 2. In case the respondent does not know whether his mother is alive or not due to separation from her at the time of war or political disturbance or any reason, you should give code 3. If you record code 1 for a person you should proceed to fill in column 7, if the person is aged 0-14. If that person is aged 15+ skip to column 8. If you record code 2 or code 3 for the person skip to column 8.

P14. Mother living

Columns P13 and P14: Survival of parents
The parents referred to here are the biological parents, in other words the persons who effectively 'gave birth to him'.
In each column, encircle only one number as the case may be:

30. Is your mother still alive?

28. Survival of mother

To complete the inside of the questionnaire, you must have:

- Read and fully understand the contents of this manual.
- If any points are unclear to you, ask your team leader for an explanation.
- Know the definitions perfectly and the meaning of the abbreviations used.
- The presence of the person you are surveying to obtain reliable information. If the head of the household is absent, speak with his representative to get the necessary information.

[p.32]

- Ask each person to be surveyed to present an identification document (national identification card, birth certificate, passport, driver's license, etc.) in order to quickly obtain answers to questions regarding first and last names, date of birth, etc.

Carefully follow all instructions you have been given, especially regarding how to ask the questions.

Question 28: Survival of the mother

Ask: "Is your mother still living?"

Circle the code corresponding to the appropriate response.

24. Is mother living?

Note: The father and mother in Columns 24 and 25 are the biological parents of the individual, i.e. the man and woman who gave birth to him.

The corresponding circle is filled in.

This question refers to the biological mother, meaning the person who bears him/her. Fill in the correct answer.

8. Is your mother still alive? Mark the appropriate box.

When you ask this question, you should mention the name of the person from whom you are collecting information. For example:

If the information is being collected from the head of household: Jose Perez, and you are requesting information about his wife, Maria Leon, when you ask the question you should ask "Is the mother of Maria Leon still alive?" This will avoid confusions in the data collection.

For persons under six years old, the interview is complete.

1. All persons

6. Is your mother alive?

[Questions 16 and 17 were asked for household members age 0-17.]

16. Is [the respondent]'s biological mother alive?

Empirical research findings in developing countries show that the number of orphans is increasing chillingly through time. This results a greater social and economic pandemonium in the society. Particularly an escalating number of children and youth become victims of the death of either one of their parents because of HIV/AIDS. To investigate the volume of the impact two successive questions are incorporated in the census questionnaire. These questions are referring to children and youth aged 0 to 17 years.

Question 16:- Is [the respondent]'s biological mother alive?

This question is regarding the survivorship status of the biological mother of children aged 0-17 years. All members of the household aged 0-17 years are eligible to this question. Based on the response to be obtained, code 1 will be given and marked to those children whose biological mothers are alive at the time of enumeration. For those children whose biological mothers are reported to have died, code 2 will be assigned. Enumerators should bear in mind that the question refers to only the biological mothers and it does not consider survivorship status of guardians or adopting mothers.

9. Real mother
(a) Is [the person's] real mother still alive?

8. Real mother

D8. Real mother
Alive or dead
______

D8. Is the [person's] biological mother still alive?

6. Orphanhood condition

Question 6: death of mother

1. How to ask the question:
Ask, "Is your mother alive?"

2. How to record the answer:
If the mother of the enumerated person is alive on the census date, mark an "X" in the "yes" box. If the mother has died, mark an "X" in the box "no" box.

[p. 67]

The "unknown" box is for those cases where the respondent does not know if the mother of a household member is alive or not.

3. Example:
[This box contains question 6 of the section VI, "people in the census household."]

For all individuals
[Questions 1 - 8 were asked for all persons]

6. Maternal orphanhood

Question 6: maternal orphanhood

1. How to formulate the question

[p. 68]

Is your mother alive?

2. How to record the data

If the enumerated person's mother is alive at the time of enumeration, only the number "1. yes" is circled. On the other hand, if the mother has passed away, "2. no" is circled. If the enumerated person's mother is alive and living in the same dwelling being enumerated, the mother's order number in the form is recorded in the space provided.

The category "9. unknown" has been provided to record those cases in which the informant does not know if the mother of the enumerated person is alive or not.

3. Example:

[These instructions refer to a graphic of question 6 of the census form]

6. Maternal orphanhood

a. Is your mother alive?

The first seven questions sets in this section refer to family relationship, age, sex, current marital status, ethnic group, death of mother and disability.

Questions 8-12 refer to the person's migration and ethnic characteristics. Only questions 11 and 12 are for persons aged three and older.

Questions 13-15 refer to literacy, level of education and attendance at school and are intended for persons aged seven and older.

The four following questions (16-19) refer to the person's type of economic activity, principal employment, branch of activity, and occupational category. They are also intended for persons aged seven and older.

The last five questions (20-24) cover fertility, and are intended only for females aged 12 and older.

The housing form has enough space to record a maximum of ten person, and so the section is repeated an equal number of times. The information about each person who spends the night in the homeless shelter should be written in the same order as they were listed in section V, "list of persons."

If the homeless shelter has more than ten persons, use an additional form.

Section VII is designed to allow you to record the complete information about one person. Write the person's order number in the grid space according to the list in section V. Spell out completely the first names and complete surnames of each person.

6. Mother deceased
This question should be asked of all persons, regardless of whether or not the mother lives in the homeless shelter you are enumerating.

Ask, "Is your mother alive?" and mark an X in the appropriate circle.

[A graphic of box 6, "mother deceased," is reproduced on the right-hand side of the page.]

If the mother is alive and she lives in the homeless shelter, write her number from the list of persons in the appropriate grid space. If the mother does not live in the homeless shelter, leave the grid space blank.

For all persons
[Questions 1 through 9 are for all persons]

7. Is your mother alive?

This section records individual information for a maximum of ten people - those listed in section 6, "total number of persons in the household." If there are more than ten people in the census household use as many additional forms as necessary.

[A graphic of the "individual characteristics", located at the top of section 7 of the census form, is included here.]

Person number: In the grid spaces on the upper left side of the form, write the number that corresponds to the person according to the order from the list of persons in section VI. The head of household is number 1.

Name: In the appropriate space, write the name of each of the persons who make up the household according to the order in which they appear on the list in question 3 of section VI. Begin with the head of household and continue writing according to the order established.

Information supplied by respondent: This is when the person interviewed gives information about his/her own self. Fill in the appropriate oval according to the information you receive.

Questions 1-11 should be asked for all permanent residents of the household in the dwelling.

7. Deceased mother
Ask, "Is the person's mother alive?"

[A graphic of question 7, from section 7 of the census form, is included here.]

Residents from 0 to 17 years
[Question P13- P15 were asked of persons 0 to 17 years of age.]

P14 / P15. Parents alive?

6. Is your mother alive?

This section is for all residents in the dwelling. It is intended to find out information about the composition of the population according to their relationship with the head of household, sex, age, civil status, whether the mother is alive, place of birth, year of arrival in the country, nationality, and permanent residence in 1969.

Ask questions 1-9 of everyone who is enumerated, without exception and according to the detailed instructions below.

Question set 6: Is your/the person's mother alive?

5. Is your mother alive?

Column (2) Mother's status
Here we want to know where the birth mother resides or if she has died.
Does the birth mother live in the household, that is, the birth mother and her children reside together in the same household?
Does the birth mother reside outside the household in which her children reside?

Method of filling in the form:
The way to ask the question is as follows:

"Is this person's (asked for each household member) mother living in this household, in another household, or has she died?"

Enter a code depending on the answer of the respondent.
If the birth mother does not reside in this household and it is unknown whether or not she has died, circle code 4 (don't know).
If the birth mother resides in this household, enter code 1 in column 2, and then ask:
"Who among the people in this list is this person's mother?"

[p.16]

Enter the serial number of the mother for each member of the household.

If members of the household are younger than 15
[Questions 305-308.]

305. Is [the respondent's] natural mother alive?

k. Is his or her mother alive? ____

P-23. Is [person's] mother alive?

30. Columns P22?P23: Orphanhood

Ask: Is [the respondent]'s father/mother alive?

30.1 Enter the appropriate codes in column P?22 and P?23 in respect of the survival status of the respondent's biological father and mother respectively. Note that at times destitute children are brought up or adopted at a very young age by relatives. Such foster parents should not be considered as the biological parents of the respondent. Please always probe to establish the reality of the situation.
30.2 In some cases, a child's father/mother may not be married or living with the mother/father. In this case the mother/father might report that she/he does not know whether the father/mother of her child is alive or dead. In this case code "9" for 'don't know'. You must always probe to ensure you obtain the most satisfactory answer.

15. Is mother of (the respondent) alive?

The first two columns must be completed before entries are made anywhere else in the questionnaire.

121. Column 14, 15: Is natural mother/father still alive.
Code 1 if natural mother/father is still alive. Code 2 if natural mother/father is dead. The question concerns the natural mother/father only not social. Code 9 for unknown.

10. Is mother of (the respondent) alive?

79. Column 9 and 10: Is natural mother/father still alive

P13. Is [the respondent's] mother alive?

B10. Orphanhood: is [the respondent's] mother alive?

2. Persons age 20 years or younger

B8 and B9. Orphan hood: Ask each person age 20 years or younger if his/her natural (biological) father or mother is still alive.
Record the survivorship status of the person's father in column B8 and that of his/her mother in column B9.

P14. Parental survivorship and residence

15. [Respondent's] mother is alive

15. Column P15: Mother alive

The procedure is the same for the mother:

Circle the number located left of the answer given:

Questions (P18 to P23) about members of the household three (3) years or older. These questions collect information on education (attendance, level, class) and languages (native and spoken).

FOR PEOPLE AGED 5+ ONLY.

13. Mother alive?

P13. Is your mother alive?
This question should only indicate the orphanhood of the biological mother, that is, you should not consider as mothers:, stepmothers, tutors or others caring for the education and other charges.
Read the question and wait for the reply. Check box number 1 if the person has a mother alive, number 2 if the person has not and 3 if the person does not know.

[Question 6 through 36 were asked to the residents]

12. Is (the person)'s biological mother alive?

This Question intends to know whether the respondent's biological (true) mother is or not alive. That is, it should not be considered as mother their stepmother, adoptive mother, tutor or the person who is in charge of their education and other responsibilities.
Read the Question and wait for a response. Mark an X in box number 1 the person's mother is alive, in box number 2 if the mother is not alive and in box number 3 if they do not know.

14A. Is your own mother still alive?

Urban RNVs and rural villages

Question 14 A and B
This question consists of two parts, A and B.

In most cases, particularly for adults, you will have to ask the question as the mother usually will not be part of the household.

Question 14B
You only have to fill in Part B if the answer is 'yes' in Part A.
This part of the question refers to the own or true mother as in A, the first part.
If the true mother lives with this household just copy her person number from the top of the form and write this number in the space provided for each of her own children,
If the true mother lives elsewhere just write 'no'. Adopted children usually have their own mother living elsewhere and thus should answer 'no'.
If the answer to Question 14A is "Dead" (the mother is not alive) then leave part B blank.

6. Own mother still alive

7. Is the person's own mother still alive?

Question 7: Survival of own mother.
This question is used to find out how long people live. The information needed is about the natural mother, not the adopted mother. The Mother's Person number is needed so we can work out the mother's age. This information is important to find out health and social needs.

Q7. Is the person's mother still alive?
(If "Yes" and mother in this house, enter mother's person number in the boxes. Enter "00" if mother not in this household)

Get this information for: Every person in each household.

How to ask:
"Is your/his/her own mother still alive?" Remember, this question is about the person's own biological or natural mother, not their adopted mother. You must ask if the person's own mother is alive, and whether or not the mother is in the same household.
If the answer is "yes", ask "Is your/his/her own mother living in this household?"

How to record:
Write the code 1 "Yes" (alive) or 2 "No" (not alive) in the first box.

6. Is your mother alive?

6. Orphans
Mark the box "yes" when the mother of the enumerated person is alive at the census date. Mark "no" when she has already died.

6. Is your mother still alive?

Question 5. Is your mother alive?

Make an X in the corresponding box.

[A depiction of question 5 to the right of the preceding text is omitted here.]

6. Is your mother alive?

Specify that this refers to the mother of the person being interviewed and not only to the mother of the head of household.

6. Is the mother of [the respondent] alive?

P15. Mother

[Question P15 asked only of people aged 25 years or younger.]

P15. Survival of parents

P15: Survival of parents

This question concerns (only) persons under age 25 years; it aims at obtaining information on the survival of the parents of the children of the household.

If both parents of an enumerated person are still alive, one circles (1)
If the person has only his/her mother alive, circle (2)
If the person has only his/her father is alive, circle (3)
If the person has no longer any parent alive, circle (4)
If the person does not know anything about the survivorship of
his/her parents, circle (5)

[Questions 14-15 were asked of residents less than 18 years old.]

14. Parental survival and residence

14a. Is the respondent's natural mother alive?

P14: Parental survivorship and residence
Ask: Is [the person]'s natural mother alive? If yes, does [the person]'s natural mother live in this household? Is [the person]'s natural father alive? If yes, does [the person]'s natural father live in this household?

Encircle the code number which matches the response given.

Note that at times destitute children are brought up or adopted at a very young age by relatives. Such foster parents should not be considered as the biological parents of the respondent. Please always probe to establish the reality of the situation.

The entire population
[Questions B16 through B28 were asked of all resident persons.]

Survival of the parents

B28. Mother

B27/B28: survival of parents
For the whole population, we want to know whether the biological parents are alive or not.

Columns P13 - P14 -- Orphanhood
103. These questions refer to the biological mother and father of the respondent and the answer should be in respect of the person's real mother and father.

104. You should therefore ask, "Is this person's real mother and father alive -- the ones who bore him/her?" "Yes" is 1, "No" is 2, and "Don't know" is 3.

P13-14 Orphanhood

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

P14. Orphanhood

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

Columns (P14) - Orphanhood
118. These questions refer to the biological mother and father of the respondent and the answer should be in respect of the person's biological mother and father.

119. You should therefore ask, "Is this person's biological mother alive -- the one who bore him/her?" Write "1' if only mother alive, "2" if both parents alive, "3" If only father alive, "4" If both parents dead and "5" if the respondent does not know.

14.1. Is (the person's) own mother still alive?

Mother alive

P-48 Mother alive
Is (the person's) own biological mother still alive?

[3.7] Household members

[3.7.4] Parental survival
Now, I am going to ask you questions on the survival status of parents.

[3.7.4.2] Is the respondent's own biological mother still alive?

12. Is [the respondent's] biological mother alive?

13. Is [the respondent's] mother still alive?

Is [respondent's] mother alive?

Question 9: Is your biological father alive? Is your biological mother alive?
In this question, we want to know if the parents of a member of the household are alive. Start by asking a member of the household if the biological father is alive and then ask if the biological mother is alive.
In other customs, people will consider the children they raised as their own even when they are born by other people. These children, who are raised by people other than their parents such as step mother, should not be taken as their parents. Therefore, it is better if you make the respondent understand that we are talking about biological parents of a member of the household, not guardians.
If the biological mother and father of a member of household are alive or not, shade code "1" or "2", according to the answer given by the member of household.
If the respondent does not know whether the biological parents are alive or dead, use code "8". This situation may happen and will not be seen as abnormal.
Use the following codes:

19. Survival of parents

(P15) Survival of mother

Columns P11, P12, P13, P14 and P15 concern all the resident members of the household.

Column P15: Survival of the mother

Ask if the biological mother of [the respondent] is alive and circle the corresponding code according to the declaration of the respondent.

7. Is mother alive? (yes or no)

Question 7 Is mother alive?

101. Write "yes" or "no" in respect of the person's real mother, that is the woman who bore him/her. Not a mother who may have adopted the person being enumerated.

P8 Mother's survival Is (name's) biological mother still alive? (Write appropriate code: Yes = 1, No = 2, Don't know = 3)

102. These questions on parental survival concentrate on the survival status of only the biological mother/biological father of the person.

Question P8: Mother's Survival
Is (name's) biological mother still alive?
103. Write code 1 if the mother is alive and code 2 if the mother of the person being enumerated died. In case nobody knows the survival status of the person's mother, write code 3 for "Don't Know".

For all persons

P10 Is [the respondent's] biological mother alive?

P20. Is [the respondent's] biological mother alive?

For all children who are younger than 18 years old, we want to know whether their natural parent(s) is (are) alive and in the Household. This information will be used to measure the prevalence of orphanhood and child fostering and to identify vulnerable children in the population.

P-20 to P23: Is [the respondent's] biological mother alive?

First, ask whether the child's biological mother is alive. By "biological" we mean the natural mother, that is, the woman who gave birth to the child. In many cultures, people consider other people's children whom they are raising as their own, especially children of their husband or sisters, etc. So you should be certain that the respondent understands that you are asking about the child's biological mother.

If the mother is still alive shade code 1, and ask the question that follows. If the mother is 'not alive' or the respondent does not know, shade the appropriate code and skip to P22.

Follow the same procedure for P22 to P23 for the child's biological father. If the father is 'not alive' or the respondent does not know, shade the appropriate code and skip to P24.

13. Is (the respondent's) mother by birth alive?

Q12 and Q13 Parental survivorship
These questions should be asked to members of the household who are 17 years and below including visitors in respect of the person's biological father and mother. In some cases, check with question 2 for consistency. Ask survivorship of each parent separately.