Description

LANGID indicates the language or spoken by the respondent at home.

Comparability — General

LANGID is comparable across samples aside from minor universe differences.

This variable does not indicate what languages the respondent can speak, but rather the primary language the respondent used at home. This was determined by asking if the respondent speaks Indonesian and if not, do they speak a local language, and if not, do they speak a foreign language. All of the samples provide detail on the specific local language spoken in the unharmonized source variables, and 2010 includes extensive foreign language detail.

The 1971 census had a related question on whether the person could speak Indonesian or a local language fluently. Because it did not specify daily use in the home and mandated fluency, the data are not integrated into LANGID, but they are accessible through the unharmonized source variables.

Universe

Availability

• Indonesia: 1980, 1990, 1995, 2010