20. Occupation, main activity, status, scope of activity
The occupation of the persons at the reference date of the census should be entered.
In case of persons having several occupations (having secondary employment, second job) the main activity should be recorded that is the one performed in the larger part of the year, i.e. the one regarded by the person as his/her main activity.
Precise and detailed definition
The occupation should be entered precisely and detailed otherwise the entry will not reveal the actual activity, assignment, scope of work of the particular person. Sweeping expressions such as labourer, outside worker, semi-skilled worker, merchant, clerk, foreman, teacher, etc. should not be used. Below you will find some examples of correct entries which of course relate to some definite cases nevertheless they might give suggestions for the details of the specification required.
Correct entries are e.g. trammer in brigade, operator of bolting-machine, carpenter, foreman of engine fitters, embroiderer, labeller, pocket gluer, digger's foreman, fruit and vegetable merchant, foreman in a finances, payroll-clerk, primary school teacher, etc.
[p.29]
Similarly detailed description of the activity is necessary in case of persons working as rapporteurs, executives, section heads, persons employed in technical, research and other. The correct entries in the later cases might be such as head of department/sanitary physician, rapporteur/mechanical engineer, researcher chemist, university professor/surgeon, etc.
Working in agriculture
As described above also in case of the persons having an agricultural occupation and members of agricultural co-operatives a detailed definition of the work performed should be given, e.g. breeder of animal husbandry, plant cultivator, guard of agricultural land, mixer of fodder, teamster, gardener, etc. In case of agricultural private entrepreneurs the following -- or similar - answers could be given: vineyardist, vegetable gardener, etc.
Agricultural day-labourer
The entry "agricultural day-laborer" can be applied in case of persons performing agricultural activity only occasionally and at the reference date of the census do not have a working contract and are not members of an agricultural cooperative either.
Private artisan, merchant and their relatives
The persons working in the workshop, store or venture (in general) of the head of household or that of one of the members of the household regularly and without material compensation should be regarded as family helper.
Persons who might have a family helper are:
- Craftsmen (carpenters, bricklayers, etc.) as private entrepreneurs;
- Merchants as private entrepreneurs.
- In case of a family helper it is not sufficient to enter the expression "family helper"; the exact definition of the workplace should be registered too, e.g.
- Family helper of a private upholsterer;
- Family helper of a private fruits and vegetables merchant.
Unskilled worker
The scope of activity should be recorded properly in case of a person employed as unskilled laborer too, e.g. cleaner, roustabout, material handler, etc.
Causal hand
If the scope of activity of a person's work outside the agriculture can not be properly defined due the fact that his employer or activity is not stable, the answer "casual hand" should be entered.
Living from earning of land, house, etc.
In case of persons having agricultural land, a house or a dwelling for rent and their income is exclusively the rental fee received from the lessee -- that is they do not have a working contract and are not pensioners either -- the entry might be: "living of having sub-tenants in the dwelling", "living of letting agricultural land", "living of life-annuity contract".