Write down the codes for the three main declared disabilities

Questions 1 [order number] to 12 [residency status] apply to all persons to count in the household.

11. Type of Handicap

A handicap is defined as a limitation of physical and/or mental abilities of a person, due to a deficiency that is congenital or acquired during one's existence. In other terms, it is a disadvantage of which a person suffers following an infirmity or incapacity and that prohibits them for totally or partially fulfilling a task that is otherwise normal given their age, sex, and different cultural factors. Any person incapable of fulfilling alone all or some necessities of a normal individual or social life, as a result of a deficiency, congenital or not, of their physical or mental capacities is considered handicapped.

Below is the list of elementary handicaps that the 4th GPHC of Benin has retained:

[] 00. No handicap

Mental handicap
[] 12. Mentally ill - A person suffering from an illness characterized by the presence of delirious ideas and/or hallucinations during which the patient is not conscious of their personality troubles.

Ask the following question:

Q: "Does [the respondent] exhibit one [or some] physical or mental handicap[s], apparent or non-apparent?"

NB: when the handicap is manifestly visible, note it down and go to the following question;
At most three main declared handicaps can be registered for a person suffering from several infirmities.

[] Write down in the 1st, then the 2nd, then the 3rd grid corresponding to the registration order number of the counted person, respectively the 1st, then potentially the 2nd, then potentially the 3rd handicap.

[Page 54]

If the counted person does not suffer from any handicap

If the counted person suffers from one handicap:

C2. Serial number (from questions A2 or B2) _ _

C3. Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

Q: Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

You should read out the list of disabilities to the respondent as a reminder to him or her of the types of disabilities to which we are referring. Be very tactful in asking these questions so as not to cause offence or embarrassment.

If anyone does have a disability, enter the person's first name in column C1, then enter in column C2 the same serial number that you assigned to this person in column A2 or B2. A person from Part A will have serial numbers 01, 02 or 03, etc., whilst Part B will have serial numbers 91, 92 or 93, etc.

A disabled person has incapacities as a result of physical or mental deficiencies such as bodily abnormalities, defects and impairments. Impairments are defects of structure or functions of the body which give rise to personal inabilities to perform necessary activities. The defects and impairments might occur from birth, or may be brought about by disease, injury or just old age.

The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown below.

Example: Itumeleng does not hear at all in one ear, hence his name and serial number in C1 and C2. The type of disability, which is not hearing in one ear, is shown by code 21.

3. Does any listed persons (from section A or B) have any of the following disabilities:

Disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of the ability to perform an activity within the range considered normal for a human being.

177. Columns C1/C2/C3: Disability
Q. Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

You should read out the list of disabilities to the respondent as a guide on the types of disabilities you are referring to. Be very tactful in asking these questions so as not to cause offense of embarrassment.

If anyone does have a disability, enter the person's first name in column C1, then enter in column C2 the same serial number that you assigned to this person in column A2 or B2. A person from Part A will have serial numbers 01, 02 or 03, etc., whilst a person from Part B will have serial numbers 91, 92 or 93, etc.

A disabled person has incapacities as a result of physical or mental deficiencies such as bodily abnormalities, defects and impairments. Impairments are defects of structure or functions of the body which give rise to personal inabilities to perform necessary activities. The defects and impairments might occur from birth, or may be brought about by disease, injury or just old age.

Enter the stated disabilities a person has from any of the following codes.

[Table omitted]

P10. Principal nature of handicap

18. Physical/mental disability, if any:

You have to collect information in part 2 for all persons mentioned in statement 1.1 and statement 1.2 of part 1. Some of the following questions have been answered in part 1. Therefore there will be no need to ask these questions again. In such cases all you have to do is to copy the information in the appropriate column.

71. Column 18: physical/mental disability, if any

This question is a sensitive one and should be canvassed without offending the feelings of the respondent or other members of the household. The purpose of this question is to elicit the information whether the respondent has any physical/mental disability. If he/she has no such disability put (0) in column 18. The types of disabilities identified for survey purpose are given below:

71.9. The disability of a person will be decided with reference to the date of enumeration. Persons with temporary disability on the date of enumeration will not be considered as disabled. For example, a person's movement may have been restricted because of some temporary injury and she/he is likely to return to his normal state after sometime, such a person will NOT be treated as disabled.

b- Handicap
A handicap is the disadvantage that a person endures due to a disability or an infirmity which prevents him from fulfilling completely or partially a task that could normally be done by a person similar to him in age, sex, and different cultural factors.

One is considered handicapped if they need the assistance of specific equipment. As such, a handicapped person is one does not have complete physical or mental autonomy.

Here is a list of basic handicaps that the 3rd RGPH has retained:

8. Does ____ have any permanent disability, such as

Question 8: Disability

The objective of this question is estimating the population of the country that presents any type of permanent deficiency that can be a disability to the person, making it hard to fulfill daily activities in an independent manner; and in this way to guide the programs of attention to these persons.

[To the right of the text is a form.]

Deficiencies can be by origin: congenital (since birth) or acquired (by sickness or accident).

Mark with "X" only one of the deficiencies, the most important, according to the situation of the person.

The most common deficiencies are:

1. Partial or total blindness: Consists of the partial or total loss of visual capability. Include: blind or cannot see in one or both eyes. Among the most frequent causes are: cataracts, glaucoma, diabetes, German measles, squint or others. Exclude: persons who can correct their deficiencies with glasses or contact lenses.

[Below the text is a picture of a blind man.]

2. Partial or total deafness: consists of the partial or total loss of aural capacity. Include: deaf persons of one or both ears, such as any person who has permanent difficulty in hearing or wears a hearing aid. Exclude: persons with temporary hearing problems.

[Below the text is a picture of a deaf man.]

3. Mental retardation: Mental retardation is characterized by significant difficulty in intellectual functioning and for learning (concepts and intellectual practices). Include: persons with Downs Syndrome (previously called mongolism) and all known grades of mental retardation. Exclude: persons with learning problems such as: dyslexia, attention deficit (lack of concentration and attention), others.

4. Paralysis, amputation: Understood as the loss, paralysis or difficulty of functioning or mobility of one of many parts of the body (foot, leg, hand, arm), or both, in some cases fingers. Include: persons with cerebral paralysis, with physical difficulties by polio, severe arthritis, by amputations, congenital physical malformations, such as persons with involuntary movements, like Parkinson's disease. Exclude: cases of muscular, head or back pain, rheumatism, tiredness, or temporary fractures.

[Below the text is a picture of two handicapped persons.]

[p. 63]

5. Mental illness: take into account all mental diseases that cause serious problems of adaptation and social behavior in persons. Include: severe psychiatric problems like psychosis, schizophrenia, neurosis, dementia, permanent depression, that makes it difficult to lead a life considered "normal". Exclude: persons affected by temporary depression, stress or other transitory states of mind, known popularly as suffering from "nerves".

6. Others: are those deficiencies by losses, scarcities or anomalies that are not included in the previous deficiencies. Include: chronic obstructive lung disease (EPOC), other lung insufficiencies, cystic fibrosis, harelip, hemophiliacs, mutes, epilepsy, among others. Exclude: any other common suffering or disease such as hypertension, ulcers, emphysema, bronchitis, diabetes, whenever they have caused consequences that are classified in previous categories.

7. None: are cases in which the person claims to not have any permanent deficiency.

12. Does [name] have a permanent limitation...? (You can mark multiple options)

This question is asked of all the habitual residents of the household. In the case of the babies, it should be considered that they do not have permanent limitations if there is no medical opinion that indicates otherwise.

As can be observed in this question you can mark various responses that refer to the following permanent limitations.

Mentally (bipolar, schizophrenic, other): people that because of some mental condition have permanent limitations for relating with the rest of the people or for obtaining interpersonal abilities.

[p. 149]

In this case it does not include people with psychiatric or psychological treatment with which they can function daily without any limitation. It also excludes the people with dyslexia, insignificant attention deficit disorder, temporary depression, introverted attitudes, shyness, problems of insomnia, stress, or other states of transitional moods, popularly known as "nervous breakdowns."

34. Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty with any of the following?

• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty seeing, even though he/she uses glasses?
• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty hearing, even though he/she uses a hearing aid?
• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficult walking or climbing stairs?
• And so on, until all questions are asked.

9. The disability of [the respondent] is:

Step 10: Section 4, information about the Population / B: General Characteristics, is divided into three parts: The first part corresponds to the questions that go from question one to ten.

[A copy of part of section 4B of the census questionnaire is omitted here.]

Tips:

• Follow the sequential order of the questions.

• Pay attention to the instructions that are indicated in questions 3 and 9.
• In question 7, do not include the insurance of the IESS.

• The disabilities are of permanent nature and that prevent him/her from doing activities that other people would do without difficulty. If any person mentions that his/her hip hurts, that he/she has to use glasses because he/she no longer sees well, or that he/she must use an apparatus to hear because he/she no longer hears well, these will not be registered as disabilities.
• If a person does not speak (mute person), register alternative 4 and note it in observations.

Disability status

11. If yes, what is [the respondent]'s type of difficulty or problem?

For each household members that are identified as disabled or having mental problem under question 10, type of disability or problem should be identified and the correct code should be marked for this question. Enumerators should mark a correct response for those identified as disabled or having mental problem by associating the type of disability mentioned by respondents with the explanations given below.

List of the Type of Disability or Problem is provided below

71. Type of disability

3.8. Does this limit your / [the respondent's] activities compared with most people of the same age?

3.9. What type of disability of impairment do you / does [the respondent] have?

5.43 Question 3.7-3.10 General
These questions seek to determine whether the respondent has a physical or mental disability. In order to set the respondent at ease before asking these questions which might be seen as sensitive, begin by saying: "Now I would like to ask you some questions about any difficulty which you (or other members of the household) might have in carrying out every day activities due to mental or physical problems."

Disability - is defined as any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Such restriction or lack of ability must be as a result of an impairment. A person has an impairment if he or she has suffered any loss or abnormality of mind or body.

5.44 Question 3.9 Type of Disability
The categories are for the most part self-explanatory.

Physical Disability only - score this if the person's only impairment is the loss of use of parts of the body e.g. arms, legs.

Multiple Disability - score this for any combination of impairments.

Slowness at Learning or Understanding - score this only for persons who have been medically tested and found to be 'slow'.

Mental Retardation - it is very important to distinguish between mental retardation and mental illness. Mental Retardation exists where the person is born with a mental problem. Score this where it has been determined that the disease is one with which the person was born.

Mental Illness - is an illness acquired after birth.

5.43 Question 3.7-3.10 General
These questions seek to determine whether the respondent has a physical or mental disability. In order to set the respondent at ease before asking these questions which might be seen as sensitive, begin by saying: "Now I would like to ask you some questions about any difficulty which you (or other members of the household) might have in carrying out every day activities due to mental or physical problems."

Disability - is defined as any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Such restriction or lack of ability must be as a result of an impairment. A person has an impairment if he or she has suffered any loss or abnormality of mind or body.

5.44 Question 3.9 Type of Disability
The categories are for the most part self-explanatory.

Physical Disability only - score this if the person's only impairment is the loss of use of parts of the body e.g. arms, legs.

Multiple Disability - score this for any combination of impairments.

Slowness at Learning or Understanding - score this only for persons who have been medically tested and found to be 'slow'.

Mental Retardation - it is very important to distinguish between mental retardation and mental illness. Mental Retardation exists where the person is born with a mental problem. Score this where it has been determined that the disease is one with which the person was born.

Mental Illness - is an illness acquired after birth.

1.13 What type of disability do you/does [the respondent] have?

5.51 Question 1.13: Type of disability

18. Is (the respondent) disabled?

87. Column 18: Is (name) disabled.

10. Disability / Handicap

10. Column P10: Handicaps

This question deals with the main disease source of disability or handicap that the Malian population is suffering from. These diseases are labeled "Handicap" because they contribute to ill health of the individual, to a slower economic activity, and to a lower level of productivity. In some cases they may even prevent any production effort. For this, the question to be asked to the household head for each household member will be: "Does name have any disability or handicap?"

The number corresponding to the given answer must be written in Column P10, while following the instructions given below [none was specified in this document].

Notice

1. Persons by whom the return is to be made
In the case of:

2. Persons in respect of whom the return is to be made

3. Legal provisions

4. Completion of the form

5. Collection of the form

Declaration
I declare that the information in this return is true to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Please do not write anything in the boxes
Complete a line for every person present on Census night (1-2 July 1990) and also for every person who usually lives in the household but was absent on Census night.
See instructions in section 2 on front page.

11 Disability ____

The census form can contain information for up to 10 persons. If there are more than ten persons, continue on a new form which can be obtained from the Census enumerator. Please note that nothing should be written in the shaded boxes [][]: they are reserved for inserting codes.

[Next page]

After completing the form, have it ready so that the enumerator can collect it on Monday 2 July 1990 or soon after. If you are not sure how to complete any of the entries, please ask the enumerator to help you when he or she calls. He or she will also check your answers and ask any questions necessary to complete the form and correct inaccurate entries.

Column 11
Disability
Write 'yes' if the person has any long-term disability or handicap which limit his/her participation in individual and/or social activities which are considered normal for a person of his/her age, Also describe the disabilities using the abbreviations given in column 11 of the Census form.
A long-term disability or handicap is one that has lasted or is expected to last for six months or more.

If the person has no long-term disability or handicap, write 'no'.

11. Disability _ _ _

Column 11 - Disability
Write 'Yes' if the person, because of a long-term physical/mental condition or health problem, experiences any disability, i.e. any limitation to perform any daily-life activity in a manner considered normal for a person of his/her age. Long-term physical/mental condition or health problem is one that has lasted or is expected to last for six months or more.
A long-term disability or handicap is one that has lasted or is expected to last for six months or more.
Then describe the disabilities using the following abbreviations:

If the person has no long-term disability or handicap, write 'No'.

P12B. If [Yes] at P12A, state the severity of all applicable difficulties as follows:

H. Disturbances of behavior, including antisocial behavior, maladjustment and liability to self-injury

P12A and P12B - Disability
The question provides information which is needed for the formulation and implementation of programs in support of the disabled (e.g. special education, employment and social aid).

8. How to fill in the Population Census Questionnaire

P12A and P12B - Disability
[figure omitted]
This question should be asked tactfully to obtain information as to whether the person has any difficulty to perform a daily-life activity (as listed at P12B - A to I) considered normal for his/her age. If the answer is "Yes", ask for the severity of all applicable difficulties as follows:

[figure omitted]
Shade the degree of severity for all applicable difficulties. If a difficulty is not applicable, leave the corresponding boxes blank.
If a person has reported that he/she is experiencing "I - Other difficulties" at P12B, specify the nature of the difficulty in the adjacent boxes.
[figure omitted]

In this section, information is obtained for each of the people living in the housing unit.

Before requesting data for each resident, copy the details from Section II. List people and general data, their names, gender, and age, and write them down in the spaces provided. Do not forget to correct the person number when using more than one questionnaire.

[Figure omitted: image with text]

For the respondent to know who to provide the information about, start with the sentence: "Now I'm going to ask you about...", and mention the name of the person you previously wrote down.

Apply questions 1 through 11 for all the people who are habitual residents, including children, as well as elderly people.

Degree of difficulty
Answer categories that consider the magnitude or intensity of the person's difficulties or limitations in performing activities of daily living and are expressed in numerical codes ranging from 1 to 4.

[Figure omitted: image with text]

[p. 313]

To apply the second part of question 10. Disability, read verbatim: "Do you have any mental problems or conditions?"; if in doubt, mention the examples in parentheses and circle the corresponding code according to the answers 5. Yes or 6. No.

It considers that mental problems or conditions are situations where, due to some altered state of mental health (from birth, as a result of an illness or mental and behavioral disorder, injury, or aging process), the person has difficulty participating in activities of community social life and interacting with other people in an appropriate manner to the context and social environment (e.g., family, school, work, neighbors, etc.).

Altered mental health status includes conditions such as autism, Down syndrome, schizophrenia, mental retardation (mild or severe), and so on.

[12] What is the physical and mental disability of [the respondent]?

Column 12: is there any kind of physical or mental disability in [the respondent]?

This question has been put to record information on physical and mental condition of each person to be enumerated. Some people might have one type of different types of physical or mental problem (disability) or do not have any kind of disability. At the time of enumeration, there might be members with disability in a family. While enumerating disabled persons, this should be done at their usual living place.

Definition of disability: Disability is the condition that creates problems in running daily activities normally and full participation in social life due to problems in body parts and physical system of a person, coupled with activity limitations and participation restrictions in the physical, social, and cultural environment, as well as communication. For the purpose of enumeration, different types of disabilities have been divided into eight different categories as above. In order to understand whether a person has disability or not, the following description has be illustrated.

1. No disability - At the time of enumeration, if a person has no disabilities, circle the reference 1 to indicate it.

2. Physical disability: A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity, or stamina due to various problems in the structure and movement of spinal curve, muscle, joints, and bones. E.g. (of body parts) - if there are weak, thin, and deformed hand/leg, bending body or any kind of impairments that restricts the general movement of these body parts, such condition should be understood as physical disability. For example: The disabilities caused by polio, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, loss of physical organs, muscular dystrophy, spinal cord injury, club feet, rickets, bone deformities, etc. are physical disabilities. Short heights also fall under physical disability. If a person has any of the above stated physical disability, circle the reference 2.

3. Vision disability: Generally if a person has problems in seeing things clearly around him/her, sees the things blurry, or cannot see at all, it is vision disability. In other words, if a person does not have clear knowledge about an object's picture, size, types, and color due to vision impairment, it is vision disability. Vision disability has two types - (a) Blindness, and (b) Low vision.

If a person has any type of vision disability stated above (blindness and low vision), circle the reference 3.

4. Hearing disability: The problems of a person in the structure of hearing organs, identification of voice, its distance and location, loudness and quality is the hearing disability. Hearing disability are of two kinds - (a) Deaf and (b) Low hearing.

If any person has the hearing problems stated above, circle the reference 4.

NB: Generally the person who cannot speak or his/her spoken voice is unclear is call dumb. But actually, they are low hearing people. Such person generally cannot hear clearly. But all the people who cannot hear would not be dumb. If a person cannot speak clearly or the spoken voice is unclear and are unable to hear, circle the reference 4.

5. Deaf and blind: The person having both problems of deaf and blind is considered with deaf and blind disability. If there is a person with such problem in the family, circle reference 5.

6. Speech related disability: The person who has difficulty in speaking, unclear voice, has problem of repeating words or letters while speaking due to the uneasiness in the speech related organs is the person with speech related disability. If a person has speech related disability, circle the reference 6. The person with cleft lips or palate is also counted under speech related disability.

7. Mental disability: Mental disability is a kind of illness. This illness may appear to a person at any age or situation due to failure, distress, or depression. It does not come with birth and can be healed with treatment. A person who has difficulty in daily living due to mental illness or distress should be understood as a person with mental disability. If a person has such problem, circle the reference 7.

8. Intellectual disability: The condition which creates problems or limitations to perform age or environment appropriate intellectual activities due to lack of intellectual development before the age of 18 should be understood as intellectual disability or mentally retarded problem. Intellectual disability is not a disease, it is a state. It might come along with birth. In simple words, the state where required help of others for daily activities of life (e.g. for eating, dressing, going to toilet, care, etc.) or has low memory power (quick forgetting) or slow in learning as per the age should be understood as mentally retarded. Similarly, persons with no sign of adaptive behaviors along with the age development, showing unusual reaction, repeating the same activity or unable to be close to other persons or acute mental illness, autism are also come under intellectual disability and to indicate the status of such person, circle the reference 8.

9. Multiple disabilities: If a person has two or more than two disability problems among the above stated disabilities from 2 to 8, circle the reference 9.

Ask this question if, on the list of occupants of the dwelling (Chapter IV), the name of the person who has the circle number 1 marked (Yes) in question 4 (disability). In the case to the contrary, mark circle 8, None.

7. What type of physical or mental disability do you have?

Question No. 7: What type of physical or mental impediment do you have? (Mark the most serious)
[For persons who stated they have any mental or physical disability in question 4.]
This question is asked in order to capture the population that suffers from some type of physical or mental impediment, which prevents them to function normally.
[p. 142]
Disability: Any restriction or lack (due to impairment) of ability to perform an activity in a way or within a range considered as normal for a human being.
Ask this question, if in the list of occupants (Chapter IV), the name of a person has been marked with circle 1 in question 4, otherwise mark circle 8 "None".
Consider [as a physical or mental impediment] the following:

5. Do you have any physical or mental disability?

36. Is there any person in this household who has a permanent physical or mental disability? ... Such as for example:

Write down the impediment

Do not forget to ask this question.

Question 36: Is there a person in this household who has a permanent physical of mental disability?

Exclude the incapacities due to temporary problems, such as broken bones or illnesses.

36. Is there any person in this household who has a permanent physical or mental disability? ... Such as for example:

Write down the impediment

Do not forget to ask this question.

Question 36: Is there a person in this household who has a permanent physical of mental disability?

Exclude the incapacities due to temporary problems, such as broken bones or illnesses.

Chapter E. For all persons.

Enumerator: Keep in mind the following instructions for questions 7, 8 and 9:

a. Mark "in this place" if referring to the same district in which the person is being enumerated;

b. Mark "in another place" if referring to another district, and specify the name of the district, whether it is a city/town or company [compañía]/colony [colonia]/indigenous community, and the name of the department.

c. If you marked "in another country," write the name of the country.

For office use only:

Do not forget to ask this question.

Question 36: Is there a person in this household who has a permanent physical of mental disability?

Exclude the incapacities due to temporary problems, such as broken bones or illnesses.

Question No. 5: Do you have any of the following disabilities:
Read the question and each one of the options. Then, circle one or more numbers, based on the informant's answers.
[There is a picture of question 5 in this section of the Enumeration Form.]
If the informant reports having a physical handicap that is not included in any of the alternatives, you should circle number 9 (Other) and write it on the corresponding line.
If the informant reports not having any handicap, circle number 0.

P8. Does [respondent] have any problem with his/her eyes, ears, speech, communication, legs, arms or any combination of these impairments?
Encircle code.

Disability
[Questions 16-18 were asked of persons who are disabled, per question P15]

P16. Type of disability

Columns P15 - P18 -- Disability
105. It is absolutely important that this information is collected as accurately as possible, which means that the question applies to everybody in the household. You must be particularly careful to distinguish between actual disability and other forms of illnesses.

106. For example, you may be told that a member of the household has had tuberculosis or has been suffering from backache or stomach pains for a very long time. These are not disabilities for the purpose of these questions. It may be necessary to see the persons who have been reported as being disabled. This

[p.15]

will give you an opportunity to determine whether the persons) is/are disabled according to the specifications below.

107. Somebody is disabled if he/she is blind, crippled, deaf, dumb, mentally retarded or has lost limbs), etc.

P15 -- Whether person is disabled
108. Ask, "Is [the respondent] disabled?" If the answer is "Yes", ask the second question relating to the type of disability (question P16) before you make any entry. If you are satisfied that the type of disability falls within our prescribed category, you can then fill in P15 and P16. This is necessary to avoid messing up the questionnaire.

P16 -- Type of disability
109. Ask for the type of disability and record the appropriate code refer to the code list). For example, "Limited use of legs" is 01, "Loss of legs" is 02, etc.

110. Some people may have more than one disability. In such cases, record the most serious one.

P16 Type of disability

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

Disability [Questions P15-P19]

P15. Does [the respondent] suffer from any form of disability?

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

Columns (P15 to P19) disability
120. It is absolutely important that this information is collected as accurately as possible. These questions apply to everybody in the household. You must be particularly careful to distinguish between actual disability and other forms of illnesses.

121. For example, you may be told that a member of the household has had tuberculosis or has been suffering from backache or stomach pains for a very long time. These are not disabilities for the purpose of these questions. It may be necessary to see the persons who have been reported as being disabled. This will give you an opportunity to determine whether the person(s) is/are disabled according to the specifications below.

122. Somebody is disabled if he/she is blind, crippled, deaf, dumb, mentally retarded, lost limb(s), speech impaired, is an albino, etc.

P15 -- Person disabled?
123. Ask, 'Does (name) suffer from any form of disability?' If the answer is 'Yes' ask the second question relating to the main type of disability in (P16) and the second type if any in P17. Before you make any entry be sure that you are satisfied that the type of disability falls within the prescribed categories.

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

Disability [Questions P15-P19]

P16. Main type of disability

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

P16 and P17 - Type of disability
124. Ask for the type of disability and record the appropriate code (refer to the code list). For example, 'Physical disability (Polio) is 01; 'Physical disability (Amputee) ' is 02, etc.

125. Some people may have more than one disability. In such cases, record the most serious one as main in P16and the other as 2nd in P17.

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

Disability [Questions P15-P19]

P17. Second type of disability

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

P16 and P17 - Type of disability
124. Ask for the type of disability and record the appropriate code (refer to the code list). For example, 'Physical disability (Polio) is 01; 'Physical disability (Amputee) ' is 02, etc.

125. Some people may have more than one disability. In such cases, record the most serious one as main in P16and the other as 2nd in P17.

P-13. Disability

All persons (health)
[Questions P21a to P23 were asked of all persons about their health.]

P22. Does this person have any of the following chronic diseases?

13. Type of disability

Does (N) [the respondent] have any difficulties in?

The main objective of this section is to obtain information on the prevalence of certain types of disabilities among the population. This information can be utilized for monitoring and evaluating national programmes and services concerning the equalization of opportunity, rehabilitation and the prevention of disabilities.

Further, the information would assist in identifying the special needs of persons with disabilities, such as access to buildings, educational reform, training enhancement and employment opportunities.

Question 12 - Longstanding disability

Disability is defined as any restriction or lack of ability (resulting from an impairment) to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered to be normal for a human being.

For the purpose of the census, a disability is only a disability if it has a long lasting continuing consequence, that is, it is a disability provided it has lasted for at least six months or is expected to last for more than six months. Temporary conditions such as broken legs and other illnesses even though they may have restricted one's activities are not to be included.

This question is to be asked about every member of the family, regardless of age or current activity status.

[p.36]

The response positions for this question are:

If the response is 1 go to question 13.

If 2 or 9 skip to question 14.

Question 13 - Type of disability

Multiple responses can be ticked.

If the other category is ticked, please specify

15(a). Chronic illness

4.1. Chronic illness

This is defined as a prolonged or long continued illness for which no available cure exists. However, treatment can be used to control the symptoms of the illness.

The following categories are included in this section:

It is important to note that these broad definitions are to clarify concepts for you. Do not attempt to diagnose respondents. Use the responses given by individuals, which should have been diagnosed by a medical doctor.

P13 Disability Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more? (If No write 10 and skip to P16, if Yes write codes for at most 2 mayor difficulties) ___ ___

Disability
115. A person with a disability is defined as one who is limited in the kind of or amount of activities that he or she can do, because of ongoing difficulty (-ies) due to a long-term physical condition or health problem that has lasted six months or more. This includes all those difficulties that are expected to last more than six months.
116. Note that a person can have a fractured arm or leg due to a road accident and is expected to heal within three months. For purposes of the census, you should not record this person to have a difficulty since the difficulty is expected to last for a shorter period.
117. There are some clear cases of disability such as having lost a leg, or being crippled by polio that one cannot walk normally, or being mad. However, there are also many cases where it is not so clear. In such cases, common sense must be your guide. If the respondent indicates that the condition is not so serious as to prevent a person from living a full life, it should not be counted as a disability.
118. If a person has lost an arm, he or she is disabled. A person who has lost the tip of a finger in an accident should not be considered as disabled. In the same way a person whose sight is impaired but can live and work normally by wearing glasses while doing so is not disabled for purposes of the census.
Question P13: Disability
Ask, "Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking difficulty, mental or learning difficulty, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more?"
119. If the respondent declares anyone in the Household as disabled, use the codes in the questionnaire and describe the nature of the disability as best as you can. Some persons with disabilities have more than one type of disability. In this case you are required to take the two major forms of disability and assign the appropriate codes in the space provided. Note that the column for each person takes care of two types of disabilities.
120. It is quite common for persons in the Household to hide information about disabilities of their kin, especially the children. Ensure that you attempt to see and probe to obtain the truth.
121. Examples of such categories of persons include, those who have

• Seeing difficulties: an individual could have a sight problem if he/she cannot see clearly objects that are close to him/her or is unable to figure out objects, which are at a distance. Note that if one wears glasses and ceases to have a problem with sight, then he/ she does not qualify to be recorded as having any seeing difficulties. A separate code for "Blindness" is provided for persons who cannot see at all. If a person has lost one eye, this does not automatically imply that he has a sight problem. Ask the respondent to find out if he/she has a sight difficulty and assign the appropriate code.
• Hearing difficulties: This includes those who have difficulty in hearing i.e. not following a conversation in a normal voice even with use of a hearing aid. In case an individual has a hearing aid and is able to follow a conversation in a normal voice, then she/he does not have a hearing difficulty. A separate code for unable to hear (deaf) is included for those who cannot hear at all.
• Speech impairment: Includes persons with problems of speech, even though they are able to hear. Those who are not able to speak at all are categorized as "Mute"
• Mental Illness (Strange Behavior): This is characterized by strange behaviors and the most common description is mad.
• Learning difficulty/Mental Retardation: This includes persons with learning difficulties in or out of school and persons mentally less developed than their age mates. They can be adults or children.
• Epilepsy: This is a condition where a person has episodes of loss or change of consciousness that may last from a few seconds to over an hour. The loss of consciousness is sometimes accompanied by movement of body parts. The loss of consciousness is also called fit. Epilepsy fits are NOT accompanied by fever.
• Rheumatism: This is of when the joints of a body are swollen, hot and painful. It is often accompanied by limited movement of the joint.

P13 Disability Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more? (If No write 10 and skip to P16, if Yes write codes for at most 2 mayor difficulties) ___ ___

Disability
115. A person with a disability is defined as one who is limited in the kind of or amount of activities that he or she can do, because of ongoing difficulty (-ies) due to a long-term physical condition or health problem that has lasted six months or more. This includes all those difficulties that are expected to last more than six months.
116. Note that a person can have a fractured arm or leg due to a road accident and is expected to heal within three months. For purposes of the census, you should not record this person to have a difficulty since the difficulty is expected to last for a shorter period.
117. There are some clear cases of disability such as having lost a leg, or being crippled by polio that one cannot walk normally, or being mad. However, there are also many cases where it is not so clear. In such cases, common sense must be your guide. If the respondent indicates that the condition is not so serious as to prevent a person from living a full life, it should not be counted as a disability.
118. If a person has lost an arm, he or she is disabled. A person who has lost the tip of a finger in an accident should not be considered as disabled. In the same way a person whose sight is impaired but can live and work normally by wearing glasses while doing so is not disabled for purposes of the census.
Question P13: Disability
Ask, "Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking difficulty, mental or learning difficulty, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more?"
119. If the respondent declares anyone in the Household as disabled, use the codes in the questionnaire and describe the nature of the disability as best as you can. Some persons with disabilities have more than one type of disability. In this case you are required to take the two major forms of disability and assign the appropriate codes in the space provided. Note that the column for each person takes care of two types of disabilities.
120. It is quite common for persons in the Household to hide information about disabilities of their kin, especially the children. Ensure that you attempt to see and probe to obtain the truth.
121. Examples of such categories of persons include, those who have

• Seeing difficulties: an individual could have a sight problem if he/she cannot see clearly objects that are close to him/her or is unable to figure out objects, which are at a distance. Note that if one wears glasses and ceases to have a problem with sight, then he/ she does not qualify to be recorded as having any seeing difficulties. A separate code for "Blindness" is provided for persons who cannot see at all. If a person has lost one eye, this does not automatically imply that he has a sight problem. Ask the respondent to find out if he/she has a sight difficulty and assign the appropriate code.
• Hearing difficulties: This includes those who have difficulty in hearing i.e. not following a conversation in a normal voice even with use of a hearing aid. In case an individual has a hearing aid and is able to follow a conversation in a normal voice, then she/he does not have a hearing difficulty. A separate code for unable to hear (deaf) is included for those who cannot hear at all.
• Speech impairment: Includes persons with problems of speech, even though they are able to hear. Those who are not able to speak at all are categorized as "Mute"
• Mental Illness (Strange Behavior): This is characterized by strange behaviors and the most common description is mad.
• Learning difficulty/Mental Retardation: This includes persons with learning difficulties in or out of school and persons mentally less developed than their age mates. They can be adults or children.
• Epilepsy: This is a condition where a person has episodes of loss or change of consciousness that may last from a few seconds to over an hour. The loss of consciousness is sometimes accompanied by movement of body parts. The loss of consciousness is also called fit. Epilepsy fits are NOT accompanied by fever.
• Rheumatism: This is of when the joints of a body are swollen, hot and painful. It is often accompanied by limited movement of the joint.

You are about to start a rather sensitive topic. Prepare the respondent by telling him/her that you are now going to start asking questions on disability.
A person with a disability is defined as a person who is limited in the kind or amount of activities that he or she can do because of the ongoing difficulties due to a long term physical condition, mental condition or health problem. Short term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded. Only disabilities lasting for more than six months should be included.

P15 Are You Disabled in any Way?
Find out whether this person is disabled and shade appropriately. If the respondent is not disabled, skip to P18.

P16 What is Your Disability?
Find out what disability the person has and shade appropriately. Also note that a person may have more than one disability. Shade all disabilities reported.

5.4.1 Types of Disability

You are about to start a rather sensitive topic. Prepare the respondent by telling him/her that you are now going to start asking questions on disability.

A person with a disability is defined as a person who is limited in the kind or amount of activities that he or she can do because of the ongoing difficulties due to a long term physical condition, mental condition or health problem. Remember that people who have just become amputees should be included as disabled. Short term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded.

P-17: What is [the respondent's] disability?

Find out whether this person has difficult in the following and shade appropriately. Also note that a person may have more than one disability. Shade all disabilities reported (multiple responses are allowed).

4.12.1 Type of disability

Q14 Disability
The intention here is to capture data pertaining to disability of a moderate to severe nature. The question should be asked to all persons.
Definitions:

Example:

Because there is no adequate transport, buildings are not accessible and potential employers do not wish to employ someone with a disability.

In Zimbabwe, the terms disability, impairment and handicap have been used interchangeably to refer to persons with disabilities. Reference has been made to children who are mentally handicapped, people who have visual impairment or people who are physically disabled. To the users, the meaning is only an exercise in semantics.

Classification of disability for Purposes of identification
Disability is difficult because it is not a well-defined condition. Different countries have used different definitions and census methodologies to come up with estimates of prevalence rates.
Developed countries have counted even those with minor disabilities as disabled while developing countries have only counted those that have moderate to severe conditions that need rehabilitation intervention. These are people whose conditions permanently prevent them from performing activities in a manner considered normal for human beings. A person may have minor impairment (e.g. amputation of two toes) but functions normally. Such a person is not considered disabled.

When identifying people with disabilities, the difficulties that they may have as a result of their conditions are classified as follows by World Health Organization:

For the 2012 Census, Zimbabwe will classify people with moderate to severe disabilities according to the same categories.

Explanation of Disabilities and Examples of Conditions That May Cause Disabilities

Condition:

i) Strange Behavior /Mental illness - mostly in adults