Q19. Disability: if no disability then write 0 in the blank box, if speaking problem write 1 in blank box, if vision problem then write 2 in blank box, if listening problem then write 3 in the blank box, if physical problem then write 4 in the blank box, if mental problem then write 5 in the blank box, if autistic write 6 in the blank box.

Now we would like to ask for information on you and the persons habitually living in your household or currently residing in your home

(10) Type of handicap

Begin writing down the codes from the left.
If the interviewee suffers from one infirmity, write down the appropriate code in the first box, and "0" in the second and third boxes. Never leave an empty box in column (10).
If the interviewee suffers from two infirmities, write down the appropriate codes for the types of handicap in the first two boxes, and "0" in the last (third) box.
Note:
1) One can thus report at most three main declared handicaps for a person suffering from several infirmities. [2 examples omitted]
2) When a census agent encounter a case of hemiplegia (complete or incomplete paralysis of a lateral half of the body), he must use the code 7 corresponding to other handicap.
3) For a counted person suffering from one infirmity (example mental handicap), the registered answer shall be: 4|0|0|
4) For a counted person suffering from no infirmities, the registered answer shall be: 0|0|0|

Write down the codes for the three main declared disabilities

Questions 1 [order number] to 12 [residency status] apply to all persons to count in the household.

11. Type of Handicap

A handicap is defined as a limitation of physical and/or mental abilities of a person, due to a deficiency that is congenital or acquired during one's existence. In other terms, it is a disadvantage of which a person suffers following an infirmity or incapacity and that prohibits them for totally or partially fulfilling a task that is otherwise normal given their age, sex, and different cultural factors. Any person incapable of fulfilling alone all or some necessities of a normal individual or social life, as a result of a deficiency, congenital or not, of their physical or mental capacities is considered handicapped.

Below is the list of elementary handicaps that the 4th GPHC of Benin has retained:

[] 00. No handicap

Auditory/verbal handicap
[] 6. Hearing impaired - A person having difficulty hearing, even with a hearing aid.

[] 7. Deaf - A person incapable of hearing, even with a hearing aid.

[] 8. Mute - A person incapable of communicating//speaking.

Ask the following question:

Q: "Does [the respondent] exhibit one [or some] physical or mental handicap[s], apparent or non-apparent?"

NB: when the handicap is manifestly visible, note it down and go to the following question;
At most three main declared handicaps can be registered for a person suffering from several infirmities.

[] Write down in the 1st, then the 2nd, then the 3rd grid corresponding to the registration order number of the counted person, respectively the 1st, then potentially the 2nd, then potentially the 3rd handicap.

[Page 54]

If the counted person does not suffer from any handicap

If the counted person suffers from one handicap:

3. Does any person(s) listed in from section A-question 2, or section B-question 3 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

You should read out the list of disabilities to the respondent as a reminder to him or her of the types of disabilities to which we are referring. Be very tactful in asking these questions so as not to cause offence or embarrassment.

If anyone does have a disability, enter the person's first name in column C1, then enter in column C2 the same serial number that you assigned to this person in column A2 or B2. A person from Part A will have a serial number 01, 02 or 03, etc., whilst a person from Part B will have a serial number 91, 92 or 93, etc.

A disabled person has incapacities as a result of physical or mental deficiencies such as bodily abnormalities, defects and impairments. Impairments are defects of structure or functions of the body which give rise to personal inabilities to perform necessary activities. The defects and impairments might occur from birth, or may be brought about by disease, injury or just old age.

Defect of Seeing: A person wearing glasses will not usually be defined as having a defect of seeing. Only if, when wearing glasses, the person cannot count the fingers of a hand from a distance of 3 metres will you record him/her as having a seeing defect. If the defect is in one eye, code 11, and, if the defect is in both eyes, code 12. If there is complete blindness in one eye enter 13; if there is blindness in both eyes enter 14.

Defect of Hearing: If a person cannot hear a whisper at a distance of 2 metres, that person is said to have a defect of hearing. If the defect is in one ear enter code 21, if both ears are affected, enter code 22. If there is complete deafness in one ear enter 23; if the deafness is in both ears enter 24.

Defect of Speech: A person who makes unintelligible speech, stammers or speaks with an abnormal voice is said to have a defect of speech. If this defect applies, enter code 31.

Inability to Speak: For a person who cannot speak at all (i.e. is completely dumb or mute), enter 32.

Inability to Use One or Both Legs: For a person who has one leg lame or a leg or foot missing enter 41; if both legs are lame or both feet/legs are missing, enter 42.

[p.43]

Inability to Use One or Both Arms: For a person who has one arm lame or a hand or arm missing enter 51; if both arms are lame or both hands/arms are missing, code 52.

Mental Retardation: A person who is capable of taking care of himself/herself but who cannot adjust to a situation needing ordinary skills consistent with age is said to be moderately retarded, and the code should be 61.

A person who, despite good physical condition, is incapable of doing normal daily self-care activities consistent with age is said to be severely mentally retarded. For this condition enter 62.

If a person suffers from a combination of any of the listed disabilities, enter the applicable codes, e.g. if there is a defect of hearing in two ears and a defect of speech enter 2231. After you have recorded the disability code(s) for a particular person, fill the remaining boxes with dashes.

The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire on page 15 is shown below.

[Diagram on page 43 omitted]

Thembe is blind in one eye, so she is assigned serial number 07 (since that was her serial number in Pan A), and the disability code is 13.

C2. Serial number (from questions A2 or B2) _ _

C3. Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

Q: Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

You should read out the list of disabilities to the respondent as a reminder to him or her of the types of disabilities to which we are referring. Be very tactful in asking these questions so as not to cause offence or embarrassment.

If anyone does have a disability, enter the person's first name in column C1, then enter in column C2 the same serial number that you assigned to this person in column A2 or B2. A person from Part A will have serial numbers 01, 02 or 03, etc., whilst Part B will have serial numbers 91, 92 or 93, etc.

A disabled person has incapacities as a result of physical or mental deficiencies such as bodily abnormalities, defects and impairments. Impairments are defects of structure or functions of the body which give rise to personal inabilities to perform necessary activities. The defects and impairments might occur from birth, or may be brought about by disease, injury or just old age.

The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown below.

Example: Itumeleng does not hear at all in one ear, hence his name and serial number in C1 and C2. The type of disability, which is not hearing in one ear, is shown by code 21.

C2. Serial number (from questions A2 or B2) _ _

C3. Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

Q: Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

You should read out the list of disabilities to the respondent as a reminder to him or her of the types of disabilities to which we are referring. Be very tactful in asking these questions so as not to cause offence or embarrassment.

If anyone does have a disability, enter the person's first name in column C1, then enter in column C2 the same serial number that you assigned to this person in column A2 or B2. A person from Part A will have serial numbers 01, 02 or 03, etc., whilst Part B will have serial numbers 91, 92 or 93, etc.

A disabled person has incapacities as a result of physical or mental deficiencies such as bodily abnormalities, defects and impairments. Impairments are defects of structure or functions of the body which give rise to personal inabilities to perform necessary activities. The defects and impairments might occur from birth, or may be brought about by disease, injury or just old age.

The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown below.

Example: Itumeleng does not hear at all in one ear, hence his name and serial number in C1 and C2. The type of disability, which is not hearing in one ear, is shown by code 21.

3. Does any listed persons (from section A or B) have any of the following disabilities:

Disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of the ability to perform an activity within the range considered normal for a human being.

177. Columns C1/C2/C3: Disability
Q. Does any person(s) listed in A1 or B1 suffer from any of the following disabilities?

You should read out the list of disabilities to the respondent as a guide on the types of disabilities you are referring to. Be very tactful in asking these questions so as not to cause offense of embarrassment.

If anyone does have a disability, enter the person's first name in column C1, then enter in column C2 the same serial number that you assigned to this person in column A2 or B2. A person from Part A will have serial numbers 01, 02 or 03, etc., whilst a person from Part B will have serial numbers 91, 92 or 93, etc.

A disabled person has incapacities as a result of physical or mental deficiencies such as bodily abnormalities, defects and impairments. Impairments are defects of structure or functions of the body which give rise to personal inabilities to perform necessary activities. The defects and impairments might occur from birth, or may be brought about by disease, injury or just old age.

Enter the stated disabilities a person has from any of the following codes.

[Table omitted]

P10. Principal nature of handicap

P14. Nature of handicap

18. Physical/mental disability, if any:

You have to collect information in part 2 for all persons mentioned in statement 1.1 and statement 1.2 of part 1. Some of the following questions have been answered in part 1. Therefore there will be no need to ask these questions again. In such cases all you have to do is to copy the information in the appropriate column.

71. Column 18: physical/mental disability, if any

This question is a sensitive one and should be canvassed without offending the feelings of the respondent or other members of the household. The purpose of this question is to elicit the information whether the respondent has any physical/mental disability. If he/she has no such disability put (0) in column 18. The types of disabilities identified for survey purpose are given below:

71.9. The disability of a person will be decided with reference to the date of enumeration. Persons with temporary disability on the date of enumeration will not be considered as disabled. For example, a person's movement may have been restricted because of some temporary injury and she/he is likely to return to his normal state after sometime, such a person will NOT be treated as disabled.

Individual particulars
[This section except for questions 6 and 8 are to be completed by all persons]

[Questions 17-22 of this section are to be answered by persons aged 5 years and older]

17. Functional difficulty

17.6 Do you have difficulty using your usual (customary) language, do you have difficulty speaking, for example understanding or being understood?

b- Handicap
A handicap is the disadvantage that a person endures due to a disability or an infirmity which prevents him from fulfilling completely or partially a task that could normally be done by a person similar to him in age, sex, and different cultural factors.

One is considered handicapped if they need the assistance of specific equipment. As such, a handicapped person is one does not have complete physical or mental autonomy.

Here is a list of basic handicaps that the 3rd RGPH has retained:

4. Do you have any of the following characteristics?

[] 1 Total blindness
[] 2 Total deafness
[] 3 Muteness
[] 4 Paralyzed or injured
[] 5 Mental deficiency

20. Do you have any of the following disabilities?

28. Does the person have any of these limitations?

28. Does [the respondent] have any of these limitations?

The objective of this question is to determine the number of persons with permanent limitations in the functioning of their sensory, locomotive, and mental organs.

[Below the text is a form.]

Read each of the alternatives and mark all those that in which the interviewed person answers affirmatively.

If a person answers that they have no limitations or mention something that is not included in the list, mark "none of the previous".

The option "paralysis or absence of superior members" is marked when a person is missing fingers or has lost movement of them. Also when the problem affects the hand completely, the arm or the forearm. In a similar manner, "paralysis or absence of inferior members" when the members affected are the feet or legs.

12. Does [name] have a permanent limitation...? (You can mark multiple options)

This question is asked of all the habitual residents of the household. In the case of the babies, it should be considered that they do not have permanent limitations if there is no medical opinion that indicates otherwise.

As can be observed in this question you can mark various responses that refer to the following permanent limitations.

Speaking: this includes the people that present permanent difficulties speaking (expressing a thought orally). This excludes: the temporary problems speaking derived from some condition of shyness or stutter.

23. Physical handicaps

Ask: "Do you have a physical disability or infirmity?"

Circle the code that matches the correct answer(s).

Note: For all physical disabilities and infirmities that an individual presents but that do not appear on the short list of basic physical disabilities mentioned on the questionnaire, circle code "32: Other physical disabilities."

The person is asked if he has any of the disabilities found in the question. The alternatives are read and the corresponding circles are filled in.

Read to the interviewee each option and fill in the answer every time the person says "YES". If the person answers "None", fill in the corresponding bubble and then skip to question 37.
If the person said another disability different than the ones previously read, fill in the bubble with "other disability".

34. Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty with any of the following?

• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty seeing, even though he/she uses glasses?
• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty hearing, even though he/she uses a hearing aid?
• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficult walking or climbing stairs?
• And so on, until all questions are asked.

34. Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty with any of the following?

• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty seeing, even though he/she uses glasses?
• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty hearing, even though he/she uses a hearing aid?
• Does [the respondent] have permanent difficult walking or climbing stairs?
• And so on, until all questions are asked.

15. Type of disability ____

1. All persons

7. Do you have any of the following disabilities?
(You may mark more than one)

1. All persons

7. Do you have any of the following disabilities?
(You may mark more than one)

Speaking

A person having physical or mental impairment or defect of a body part is said to be disabled. Generally speaking a disabled person is one who is limited in terms of performing social and economic functions fully and is unable to perform fully or partly the functions normal people can perform because his/her body part is impaired, injured or damaged. Each member of the household will be asked about his/her disability status and the response will be entered in column 28.

Some people are not happy when asked directly "Are you disabled?" Hence care has to be taken when posing this question to respondents. Instead of asking directly that the respondent is disabled, it is better to ask friendly and indirectly if the person has some kind of health problem, such as sight and hearing problems, difficulty of mobility due to problems on extremities of the body, etc. and try to understand the situation.

A person may have multiple disability conditions. Each household member has to be asked about his/her disability condition and identify the type among those listed, together with the corresponding codes 00 - 27, below and record the type in the space provided and its code in card columns 51-52.

List of Disability Types and Codes

Code: Disability Type

25. Disability status

Since some people are not happy to be asked whether there is a household member who is physically or mentally disabled, care should be taken when asking this question. Instead of directly asking, "are you disabled?" ask them, "do you have disability?" Then it should be born in mind that it is possible to know if they have disability or not by trying to make them understand and asking them indirectly by asking "do you have a seeing problem with your eyes? A problem with your ears, hands, legs, etc.?"

Some members may have more than one disability. Depending on the situation, by asking each regular member of the household about their disability status, identify the appropriate code for the type of disability mentioned by the member from the list of codes 00-10 given below and then, if possible, write the type of disability.

Disability status

11. If yes, what is [the respondent]'s type of difficulty or problem?

For each household members that are identified as disabled or having mental problem under question 10, type of disability or problem should be identified and the correct code should be marked for this question. Enumerators should mark a correct response for those identified as disabled or having mental problem by associating the type of disability mentioned by respondents with the explanations given below.

List of the Type of Disability or Problem is provided below

7. Disability

The first seven questions sets in this section refer to family relationship, age, sex, current marital status, ethnic group, death of mother and disability.

Questions 8-12 refer to the person's migration and ethnic characteristics. Only questions 11 and 12 are for persons aged three and older.

Questions 13-15 refer to literacy, level of education and attendance at school and are intended for persons aged seven and older.

The four following questions (16-19) refer to the person's type of economic activity, principal employment, branch of activity, and occupational category. They are also intended for persons aged seven and older.

The last five questions (20-24) cover fertility, and are intended only for females aged 12 and older.

The housing form has enough space to record a maximum of ten person, and so the section is repeated an equal number of times. The information about each person who spends the night in the homeless shelter should be written in the same order as they were listed in section V, "list of persons."

If the homeless shelter has more than ten persons, use an additional form.

Section VII is designed to allow you to record the complete information about one person. Write the person's order number in the grid space according to the list in section V. Spell out completely the first names and complete surnames of each person.

7. Disability
Take note of the following definitions before you begin asking the questions in this question set.

A disability is the difficulty some people have in hearing, seeing, speaking, learning, and moving as others do. It may be from birth, illness, or any type of accident.

[A graphic of box 7 "disability," is reproduced on the left-hand side of the page.]

Ask the respondent, "Is this person disabled" or "is this person blind, deaf, or mute, or does he/she have a mental disability?"

Note that there are more likely to be persons with disabilities among this population. Make sure you enumerate them!

P10 Type of major disability or handicap
[This code is a concatenated code with 2nd adding]

[Questions 9-12 were asked of present or absent residents]

P12. Major disability

17. Handicapped?

18. Type of handicap

71. Type of disability

Languages spoken
[Question 13]

13. What language(s) do you speak daily?

3.8. Does this limit your / [the respondent's] activities compared with most people of the same age?

3.9. What type of disability of impairment do you / does [the respondent] have?

5.43 Question 3.7-3.10 General
These questions seek to determine whether the respondent has a physical or mental disability. In order to set the respondent at ease before asking these questions which might be seen as sensitive, begin by saying: "Now I would like to ask you some questions about any difficulty which you (or other members of the household) might have in carrying out every day activities due to mental or physical problems."

Disability - is defined as any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Such restriction or lack of ability must be as a result of an impairment. A person has an impairment if he or she has suffered any loss or abnormality of mind or body.

5.44 Question 3.9 Type of Disability
The categories are for the most part self-explanatory.

Physical Disability only - score this if the person's only impairment is the loss of use of parts of the body e.g. arms, legs.

Multiple Disability - score this for any combination of impairments.

Slowness at Learning or Understanding - score this only for persons who have been medically tested and found to be 'slow'.

Mental Retardation - it is very important to distinguish between mental retardation and mental illness. Mental Retardation exists where the person is born with a mental problem. Score this where it has been determined that the disease is one with which the person was born.

Mental Illness - is an illness acquired after birth.

5.43 Question 3.7-3.10 General
These questions seek to determine whether the respondent has a physical or mental disability. In order to set the respondent at ease before asking these questions which might be seen as sensitive, begin by saying: "Now I would like to ask you some questions about any difficulty which you (or other members of the household) might have in carrying out every day activities due to mental or physical problems."

Disability - is defined as any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Such restriction or lack of ability must be as a result of an impairment. A person has an impairment if he or she has suffered any loss or abnormality of mind or body.

5.44 Question 3.9 Type of Disability
The categories are for the most part self-explanatory.

Physical Disability only - score this if the person's only impairment is the loss of use of parts of the body e.g. arms, legs.

Multiple Disability - score this for any combination of impairments.

Slowness at Learning or Understanding - score this only for persons who have been medically tested and found to be 'slow'.

Mental Retardation - it is very important to distinguish between mental retardation and mental illness. Mental Retardation exists where the person is born with a mental problem. Score this where it has been determined that the disease is one with which the person was born.

Mental Illness - is an illness acquired after birth.

1.13 What type of disability do you/does [the respondent] have?

5.51 Question 1.13: Type of disability

P-37. What type of disability does [person] have?

Columns P37 to P38 contain questions pertaining to disabilities. These questions are to be asked of the head of the household or any other responsible person.

32.1 Introduction

Questions regarding disabilities have to be asked very carefully and with caution. You should not ask "Do you have a disability, or are you disabled, or are you blind, or deaf" nor "are you lame?'. This will generate very low rates of response because you will not get the correct answer. The word "disability" is regarded negatively in most communities particularly in developing countries. People may feel stigmatized or be ashamed to be identified as having a disability. In some cultures, disability is seen as punishment for sins committed in previous lives.
Also, even if people do not feel stigmatized, the word "disability" often implies a very significant condition. Persons who can walk around their homes but are unable to walk to the market may perceive their situation as not severe enough to be considered as having a disability.
Disability is interpreted relative to what is considered normal functioning (or different). This may vary across various cultures, age groups, or social class.

32.2 Definition of disability

The Disability Act 2003 defines disability as: physical, sensory, mental, or other impairment, including a visual, hearing or physical disability, which has a substantial long term adverse effect on a person's ability to carry out usual day to day activities. Disability is, therefore, viewed as a physical, mental, or psychological condition or impairment that substantially affects a person's daily activities or limits a person's ability to perform one or more basic life activities (referred to as activities of daily life? ADL) such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, earning a living, or working and interacting with other persons.
In this context, activities refer to a wide range of deliberate actions performed by an individual as opposed to particular body functions or structures. These are basic deliberate actions undertaken in order to accomplish a task such as dressing or feeding oneself.
In the 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census we will classify one as having a disability if they have any of the following: visual, hearing and speech impairment; physical, mental and other disabilities, and self?care difficulties.

32.3 Types of disabilities

P-37. What type of disability does [person] have?

Columns P37 to P38 contain questions pertaining to disabilities. These questions are to be asked of the head of the household or any other responsible person.

32.1 Introduction

Questions regarding disabilities have to be asked very carefully and with caution. You should not ask "Do you have a disability, or are you disabled, or are you blind, or deaf" nor "are you lame?'. This will generate very low rates of response because you will not get the correct answer. The word "disability" is regarded negatively in most communities particularly in developing countries. People may feel stigmatized or be ashamed to be identified as having a disability. In some cultures, disability is seen as punishment for sins committed in previous lives.
Also, even if people do not feel stigmatized, the word "disability" often implies a very significant condition. Persons who can walk around their homes but are unable to walk to the market may perceive their situation as not severe enough to be considered as having a disability.
Disability is interpreted relative to what is considered normal functioning (or different). This may vary across various cultures, age groups, or social class.

32.2 Definition of disability

The Disability Act 2003 defines disability as: physical, sensory, mental, or other impairment, including a visual, hearing or physical disability, which has a substantial long term adverse effect on a person's ability to carry out usual day to day activities. Disability is, therefore, viewed as a physical, mental, or psychological condition or impairment that substantially affects a person's daily activities or limits a person's ability to perform one or more basic life activities (referred to as activities of daily life? ADL) such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, earning a living, or working and interacting with other persons.
In this context, activities refer to a wide range of deliberate actions performed by an individual as opposed to particular body functions or structures. These are basic deliberate actions undertaken in order to accomplish a task such as dressing or feeding oneself.
In the 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census we will classify one as having a disability if they have any of the following: visual, hearing and speech impairment; physical, mental and other disabilities, and self?care difficulties.

32.3 Types of disabilities

P-37. What type of disability does [person] have?

Columns P37 to P38 contain questions pertaining to disabilities. These questions are to be asked of the head of the household or any other responsible person.

32.1 Introduction

Questions regarding disabilities have to be asked very carefully and with caution. You should not ask "Do you have a disability, or are you disabled, or are you blind, or deaf" nor "are you lame?'. This will generate very low rates of response because you will not get the correct answer. The word "disability" is regarded negatively in most communities particularly in developing countries. People may feel stigmatized or be ashamed to be identified as having a disability. In some cultures, disability is seen as punishment for sins committed in previous lives.
Also, even if people do not feel stigmatized, the word "disability" often implies a very significant condition. Persons who can walk around their homes but are unable to walk to the market may perceive their situation as not severe enough to be considered as having a disability.
Disability is interpreted relative to what is considered normal functioning (or different). This may vary across various cultures, age groups, or social class.

32.2 Definition of disability

The Disability Act 2003 defines disability as: physical, sensory, mental, or other impairment, including a visual, hearing or physical disability, which has a substantial long term adverse effect on a person's ability to carry out usual day to day activities. Disability is, therefore, viewed as a physical, mental, or psychological condition or impairment that substantially affects a person's daily activities or limits a person's ability to perform one or more basic life activities (referred to as activities of daily life? ADL) such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, earning a living, or working and interacting with other persons.
In this context, activities refer to a wide range of deliberate actions performed by an individual as opposed to particular body functions or structures. These are basic deliberate actions undertaken in order to accomplish a task such as dressing or feeding oneself.
In the 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census we will classify one as having a disability if they have any of the following: visual, hearing and speech impairment; physical, mental and other disabilities, and self?care difficulties.

32.3 Types of disabilities

Do you have any difficulty with the following activities?

Q16: Difficulty in speaking or communicating (A mute or deaf person ):
Refers to people who cannot speak aloud or have speech disorders that cause problems in communicating with others or those who have disorders of the vocal organs that make them unable to communicate comprehensibly.
The answer codes for Q11 to Q16 are as follows:

 
For example: Mr. A has the following difficulties:

 
[A table is omitted below]

18. Is (the respondent) disabled?

87. Column 18: Is (name) disabled.

P15. Does [the respondent] have any form of disability?

P13. Does [the respondent] have difficulty or problems in the following? If yes, what are the causes?

P13. Type and causes of disability
Ask the respondents whether there any members of the household who should be classified as disabled. In this case, disability refers to physical or mental handicap, which inhibits an individual's ability to work or participate in normal activities. Furthermore, the enumerator should ask for the causes of disability.

If the person has multiple disabilities and the first to be mentioned is "1" in the first row, ask for the cause and shade the appropriate code in the first row under cause. If the disability to be mentioned second is "Walking", shade 4 in the second row, ask for the cause and shade it in the second row under cause.

Note: The enumerator should probe the type of disability in order not to confuse with current illness.

P13. Does [the respondent] have difficulty or problems in the following? If yes, what are the causes?

P13. Type and causes of disability
Ask the respondents whether there any members of the household who should be classified as disabled. In this case, disability refers to physical or mental handicap, which inhibits an individual's ability to work or participate in normal activities. Furthermore, the enumerator should ask for the causes of disability.

If the person has multiple disabilities and the first to be mentioned is "1" in the first row, ask for the cause and shade the appropriate code in the first row under cause. If the disability to be mentioned second is "Walking", shade 4 in the second row, ask for the cause and shade it in the second row under cause.

Note: The enumerator should probe the type of disability in order not to confuse with current illness.

P13. Does [the respondent] have difficulty or problems in the following? If yes, what are the causes?

P13. Type and causes of disability
Ask the respondents whether there any members of the household who should be classified as disabled. In this case, disability refers to physical or mental handicap, which inhibits an individual's ability to work or participate in normal activities. Furthermore, the enumerator should ask for the causes of disability.

If the person has multiple disabilities and the first to be mentioned is "1" in the first row, ask for the cause and shade the appropriate code in the first row under cause. If the disability to be mentioned second is "Walking", shade 4 in the second row, ask for the cause and shade it in the second row under cause.

Note: The enumerator should probe the type of disability in order not to confuse with current illness.

10. Disability / Handicap

10. Column P10: Handicaps

This question deals with the main disease source of disability or handicap that the Malian population is suffering from. These diseases are labeled "Handicap" because they contribute to ill health of the individual, to a slower economic activity, and to a lower level of productivity. In some cases they may even prevent any production effort. For this, the question to be asked to the household head for each household member will be: "Does name have any disability or handicap?"

The number corresponding to the given answer must be written in Column P10, while following the instructions given below [none was specified in this document].

Notice

1. Persons by whom the return is to be made
In the case of:

2. Persons in respect of whom the return is to be made

3. Legal provisions

4. Completion of the form

5. Collection of the form

Declaration
I declare that the information in this return is true to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Please do not write anything in the boxes
Complete a line for every person present on Census night (1-2 July 1990) and also for every person who usually lives in the household but was absent on Census night.
See instructions in section 2 on front page.

11 Disability ____

The census form can contain information for up to 10 persons. If there are more than ten persons, continue on a new form which can be obtained from the Census enumerator. Please note that nothing should be written in the shaded boxes [][]: they are reserved for inserting codes.

[Next page]

After completing the form, have it ready so that the enumerator can collect it on Monday 2 July 1990 or soon after. If you are not sure how to complete any of the entries, please ask the enumerator to help you when he or she calls. He or she will also check your answers and ask any questions necessary to complete the form and correct inaccurate entries.

Column 11
Disability
Write 'yes' if the person has any long-term disability or handicap which limit his/her participation in individual and/or social activities which are considered normal for a person of his/her age, Also describe the disabilities using the abbreviations given in column 11 of the Census form.
A long-term disability or handicap is one that has lasted or is expected to last for six months or more.

If the person has no long-term disability or handicap, write 'no'.

11. Disability _ _ _

Column 11 - Disability
Write 'Yes' if the person, because of a long-term physical/mental condition or health problem, experiences any disability, i.e. any limitation to perform any daily-life activity in a manner considered normal for a person of his/her age. Long-term physical/mental condition or health problem is one that has lasted or is expected to last for six months or more.
A long-term disability or handicap is one that has lasted or is expected to last for six months or more.
Then describe the disabilities using the following abbreviations:

If the person has no long-term disability or handicap, write 'No'.

P12B. If [Yes] at P12A, state the severity of all applicable difficulties as follows:

F. Speaking and talking

P12A and P12B - Disability
The question provides information which is needed for the formulation and implementation of programs in support of the disabled (e.g. special education, employment and social aid).

8. How to fill in the Population Census Questionnaire

P12A and P12B - Disability
[figure omitted]
This question should be asked tactfully to obtain information as to whether the person has any difficulty to perform a daily-life activity (as listed at P12B - A to I) considered normal for his/her age. If the answer is "Yes", ask for the severity of all applicable difficulties as follows:

[figure omitted]
Shade the degree of severity for all applicable difficulties. If a difficulty is not applicable, leave the corresponding boxes blank.
If a person has reported that he/she is experiencing "I - Other difficulties" at P12B, specify the nature of the difficulty in the adjacent boxes.
[figure omitted]

Now I am going to ask you about (name): ________
Copy the name of the person from section II

For all persons
[Questions 1-10 are asked of all persons.]

10. Disability
Does [the respondent] have difficulty doing the following activities in his/her daily life:

In this section the information of the people who inhabit the dwelling, like the sex, age, level of studies, income, among others, is obtained.

Before requesting the information for each person, copy all the names in the spaces designated for them, and for each person start with the phrase: "Now I'm going to ask about (mention the name of the person you previously noted)", so that the informer knows about whom you will be asking the information.

For all persons
[Questions 1-11 are for all persons.]

10. Disabilities
This question identifies the people who have difficulties completing activities in daily life such as walking, seeing, speaking or communicating, listening, learning, or attending to their personal care.

For each question consider the following:

• Ask all the people who live in the dwelling.
• You can circle up to six codes when a person declares more than one difficulty.

• Have difficulties and limitations moving or getting around, going up stairs because of the lack of one or a part of one's leg; this also includes those whose legs are impaired or display movement restrictions, in such a way that they need the help of another person, wheelchair or other apparatus, like walkers or artificial legs.
• Display total loss of vision in one or both eyes, as well as those with weak vision and those who while using glasses can't see very well because of their advanced visual problem.
• Have difficulty communicating with others, due to the speech limitations or because they can't chat or converse in a comprehensible way. Remember to not include small children in this situation because due to their young age they still have natural difficulty speaking because they are still learning to do so.
• Can't hear, as well as those who display difficulties hearing (weak audio), in one or both ears, or those who even while using an audial device have listening difficulties due to the advanced state of the problem.
• Can't attend to their own personal care or display difficulties and limitations completing activities such as bathing themselves, getting dressed, or consuming food.
• Declare limitations or difficulties learning a new task of paying attention for a determined amount of time, as well as limitations remembering information, or performing activities that should be completed in daily life.
• This also includes the people who declare a mental problem like mental retardation or alternative conduct and behavior.

In this section, information is obtained for each of the people living in the housing unit.

Before requesting data for each resident, copy the details from Section II. List people and general data, their names, gender, and age, and write them down in the spaces provided. Do not forget to correct the person number when using more than one questionnaire.

[Figure omitted: image with text]

For the respondent to know who to provide the information about, start with the sentence: "Now I'm going to ask you about...", and mention the name of the person you previously wrote down.

Apply questions 1 through 11 for all the people who are habitual residents, including children, as well as elderly people.

10. Disability
This question identifies the degree of difficulty people have in performing some activities in their daily lives, such as seeing, hearing, walking, remembering or concentrating, providing self-care, speaking, or communicating. Also, if they have any mental problems or conditions.

The question consists of two parts. The first part asks about the degree of difficulty in six activities of daily living. The second part identifies people who have a mental problem or condition.

[p. 309]

[Figure omitted: image with text]

To ask these questions, consider the following:

Handicap
[All household members]

14. Type of handicap

For all members of the household, specify the degree of difficulty the person has in
[Questions 16 to 21 were asked of all household members]

21. Communicating in his/her usual language

For peopled aged 5+ only.

20. In what language did (the person) learn to speak?

P20. In what language did (the person) learn to speak?

This Question refers to language in which the respondent learned to speak in childhood, regardless of being or not able to speak it now.

For example, Mr. Antônio learned to speak in Echwabo. So, the right response is Echwabo, regardless of being or not able to speak other languages.
There should be only one response.

[12] What is the physical and mental disability of [the respondent]?

Column 12: is there any kind of physical or mental disability in [the respondent]?

This question has been put to record information on physical and mental condition of each person to be enumerated. Some people might have one type of different types of physical or mental problem (disability) or do not have any kind of disability. At the time of enumeration, there might be members with disability in a family. While enumerating disabled persons, this should be done at their usual living place.

Definition of disability: Disability is the condition that creates problems in running daily activities normally and full participation in social life due to problems in body parts and physical system of a person, coupled with activity limitations and participation restrictions in the physical, social, and cultural environment, as well as communication. For the purpose of enumeration, different types of disabilities have been divided into eight different categories as above. In order to understand whether a person has disability or not, the following description has be illustrated.

1. No disability - At the time of enumeration, if a person has no disabilities, circle the reference 1 to indicate it.

2. Physical disability: A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity, or stamina due to various problems in the structure and movement of spinal curve, muscle, joints, and bones. E.g. (of body parts) - if there are weak, thin, and deformed hand/leg, bending body or any kind of impairments that restricts the general movement of these body parts, such condition should be understood as physical disability. For example: The disabilities caused by polio, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, loss of physical organs, muscular dystrophy, spinal cord injury, club feet, rickets, bone deformities, etc. are physical disabilities. Short heights also fall under physical disability. If a person has any of the above stated physical disability, circle the reference 2.

3. Vision disability: Generally if a person has problems in seeing things clearly around him/her, sees the things blurry, or cannot see at all, it is vision disability. In other words, if a person does not have clear knowledge about an object's picture, size, types, and color due to vision impairment, it is vision disability. Vision disability has two types - (a) Blindness, and (b) Low vision.

If a person has any type of vision disability stated above (blindness and low vision), circle the reference 3.

4. Hearing disability: The problems of a person in the structure of hearing organs, identification of voice, its distance and location, loudness and quality is the hearing disability. Hearing disability are of two kinds - (a) Deaf and (b) Low hearing.

If any person has the hearing problems stated above, circle the reference 4.

NB: Generally the person who cannot speak or his/her spoken voice is unclear is call dumb. But actually, they are low hearing people. Such person generally cannot hear clearly. But all the people who cannot hear would not be dumb. If a person cannot speak clearly or the spoken voice is unclear and are unable to hear, circle the reference 4.

5. Deaf and blind: The person having both problems of deaf and blind is considered with deaf and blind disability. If there is a person with such problem in the family, circle reference 5.

6. Speech related disability: The person who has difficulty in speaking, unclear voice, has problem of repeating words or letters while speaking due to the uneasiness in the speech related organs is the person with speech related disability. If a person has speech related disability, circle the reference 6. The person with cleft lips or palate is also counted under speech related disability.

7. Mental disability: Mental disability is a kind of illness. This illness may appear to a person at any age or situation due to failure, distress, or depression. It does not come with birth and can be healed with treatment. A person who has difficulty in daily living due to mental illness or distress should be understood as a person with mental disability. If a person has such problem, circle the reference 7.

8. Intellectual disability: The condition which creates problems or limitations to perform age or environment appropriate intellectual activities due to lack of intellectual development before the age of 18 should be understood as intellectual disability or mentally retarded problem. Intellectual disability is not a disease, it is a state. It might come along with birth. In simple words, the state where required help of others for daily activities of life (e.g. for eating, dressing, going to toilet, care, etc.) or has low memory power (quick forgetting) or slow in learning as per the age should be understood as mentally retarded. Similarly, persons with no sign of adaptive behaviors along with the age development, showing unusual reaction, repeating the same activity or unable to be close to other persons or acute mental illness, autism are also come under intellectual disability and to indicate the status of such person, circle the reference 8.

9. Multiple disabilities: If a person has two or more than two disability problems among the above stated disabilities from 2 to 8, circle the reference 9.

5. What type of physical or mental impediment do you have?

Ask this question if, on the list of occupants of the dwelling (Chapter IV), the name of the person who has the circle number 1 marked (Yes) in question 4 (disability). In the case to the contrary, mark circle 8, None.

7. What type of physical or mental disability do you have?

Question No. 7: What type of physical or mental impediment do you have? (Mark the most serious)
[For persons who stated they have any mental or physical disability in question 4.]
This question is asked in order to capture the population that suffers from some type of physical or mental impediment, which prevents them to function normally.
[p. 142]
Disability: Any restriction or lack (due to impairment) of ability to perform an activity in a way or within a range considered as normal for a human being.
Ask this question, if in the list of occupants (Chapter IV), the name of a person has been marked with circle 1 in question 4, otherwise mark circle 8 "None".
Consider [as a physical or mental impediment] the following:

For those of the age indicated.

20. Permanent physical disabilities:

If "yes," ask who the disabled persons are and mark an X in the box [under the column for that person] corresponding to each response.

Question 21. Is any member of your family blind, dumb, deaf, or do they have any physical impediments or other deficiencies?

5. Do you have any physical or mental disability?

36. Is there any person in this household who has a permanent physical or mental disability? ... Such as for example:

Write down the impediment

Do not forget to ask this question.

Question 36: Is there a person in this household who has a permanent physical of mental disability?

Exclude the incapacities due to temporary problems, such as broken bones or illnesses.

36. Is there any person in this household who has a permanent physical or mental disability? ... Such as for example:

Write down the impediment

Do not forget to ask this question.

Question 36: Is there a person in this household who has a permanent physical of mental disability?

Exclude the incapacities due to temporary problems, such as broken bones or illnesses.

Chapter E. For all persons.

Enumerator: Keep in mind the following instructions for questions 7, 8 and 9:

a. Mark "in this place" if referring to the same district in which the person is being enumerated;

b. Mark "in another place" if referring to another district, and specify the name of the district, whether it is a city/town or company [compañía]/colony [colonia]/indigenous community, and the name of the department.

c. If you marked "in another country," write the name of the country.

For office use only:

Do not forget to ask this question.

Question 36: Is there a person in this household who has a permanent physical of mental disability?

Exclude the incapacities due to temporary problems, such as broken bones or illnesses.

Question No. 5: Do you have any of the following disabilities:
Read the question and each one of the options. Then, circle one or more numbers, based on the informant's answers.
[There is a picture of question 5 in this section of the Enumeration Form.]
If the informant reports having a physical handicap that is not included in any of the alternatives, you should circle number 9 (Other) and write it on the corresponding line.
If the informant reports not having any handicap, circle number 0.

9. What was the first language you learned to speak? (Read each option and circle only one number)

Question 9: What was the first language you learned to speak?

• If the respondent says that the first language learned was "Other indigenous language," circle option 4 and write the answer on the "Specify" line.
• Do not read out loud option 7, "Is deaf-mute." Circle this option only if the informant did not learn to speak a language because he/she is deaf-mute.

9. The following are some questions to find out if you have any permanent difficulty or limitation that prevents you from carrying out your daily activities normally. Do you have any permanent difficulty or limitation for:

Question 9: Permanent difficulty or limitation

The following are some questions to find out if you have any permanent difficulty or limitation that prevents you from carrying out your daily activities normally, do you have any permanent difficulty or limitation for:

• If, when reading each option to the respondent, he/she answers affirmatively, then fill in the corresponding oval.
• Option 7, "none", should not be read. Fill it in only when the respondent answers that he/she does not have any permanent limitation or difficulty.

Disability: When a person has some permanent difficulty that limits him/her in one or more of the essential activities of daily living in the manner and amount expected for their age.

Seeing, even when wearing glasses: When the person has any sensory limitation as a result of the lack or dysfunction of the organ of vision, which totally or partially restricts the perception of light and images.

Hearing, even with hearing aids: When the person has some limitation in the sense of hearing (ear), which totally or partially restricts the detection and discrimination of sounds, their localization and the differentiation of speech from other sounds.

Speaking or communicating, even using sign language or other language: When the person presents some limitation in voice and speech, or in other way that prevents him/her from communicating with others and performing daily activities.

Sign language: Sign language, or signed language, is a natural language of gesture-spatial expression and visual perception (or even tactile perception by certain people with deaf/blindness).

Moving or walking to use arms and/or legs: When the person presents some motor limitation, to grip or hold objects or to stretch the arms; in the displacement or movement to walk, move from one place to another, use stairs, bend or kneel.

Understanding or learning (concentrating and remembering): When the person has limitations to develop activities of intellectual nature, i.e., the difficulty he/she has in comprehending, retaining, understanding, analyzing and transmitting ideas. Example: people with mental retardation, brain injury, meningitis with seizures.

Relating to others based on thoughts, feelings, emotions, or behaviors: When the person presents some psychic limitation, referred to mental disorders (addictive, psychotic, anxiety and personality disorders) that make it difficult or permanently prevent him/her from relating to others based on thoughts, feelings, emotions or behaviors.

P8. Does [respondent] have any problem with his/her eyes, ears, speech, communication, legs, arms or any combination of these impairments?
Encircle code.

For all 5 years old and over.
[Questions P13 to P16 were asked of persons 5 years or over.]

P13. Functional difficulty
Does [the respondent] have any difficulty/problem in ...?

P13-Functional Difficulty
As defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) of the World Health Organization, functioning is an umbrella term for body functions, body structures, activities, and participation. It denotes the positive aspects of the interaction between an individual (with a health condition) and that individual's contextual factors (environmental and personal factors). Environmental factors include the physical world and its features, the human-made physical world, other people in different relationships and roles, attitudes and values, social systems and services, and policies, rules and laws. Personal factors are factors that relate to individual such as age, gender, social status, life experiences, and so on.
A person with difficulty in functioning may have activity limitations, which means difficulties an individual may have in executing activities. An activity limitation may range from a slight to a severe deviation in terms of quality or quantity in executing the activity in a manner or to the extent that is expected of people without the health condition. In general, functional difficulties experienced by people may have been due to their health conditions. Health conditions refer to diseases or illnesses, other health problems that may be short
or long lasting injuries, mental or emotional problems, and problems with alcohol or drugs. A health condition may also include other circumstances such as pregnancy, ageing, stress, congenital anomaly, or genetic predisposition. Difficulty is usually manifested when a person is doing an activity with increased effort, discomfort or pain, slowness, or changes in the way he/she does the activity.
[pg. 119]
For the purpose of this census, functional difficulty is classified into six core categories. The concepts and definitions are based on ICF. These difficulties are the following:

Difficulty in communicating
[pg. 122]

P13. Major disability or handicap

P11. Languages spoken

[Questions 7-13 were asked of all usual residents.]

12. Does the respondent have any difficulty or problem as listed below? If yes, what were the causes?

[Table omitted.]

A person is called disabled if during birth or after birth his/her body part or his/her mental is damaged, lack of body part or congenital malformation and fails to do activities that other persons who have no such problems could do.

The possible disabilities and their causes are follows:

[Questions 7-13 were asked of all usual residents.]

12. Does the respondent have any difficulty or problem as listed below? If yes, what were the causes?

[Table omitted.]

A person is called disabled if during birth or after birth his/her body part or his/her mental is damaged, lack of body part or congenital malformation and fails to do activities that other persons who have no such problems could do.

The possible disabilities and their causes are follows:

Total Population

B13. Disability / Handicap

The entire population
[Questions B16 through B28 were asked of all resident persons.]

Population aged 1 year or older.
[Question B21 through B26 were asked of all resident persons age 1 or older.]

B21-B26. The following questions pertain to difficulties which you may have in carrying out certain activities due to a health problem.

B21/26: set of short questions on disability recommended for the censuses (population aged 1 year and over)
The questions about disability issues have been greatly altered in relation to what previous censuses proposed. It is about Senegal aligning itself with the progress made in this area. The United Nations, through their experts on global statistics, created in the 2000s a group of experts, the Washington group, which developed a series of short questions for censuses and surveys according to the Basic Principles of Official Statistics. These questions identify the majority of those most at risk in the general population who have limited or restricted participation in public life. It is not a question of identifying the handicap or the cause of disability, the question is to identify the limitations of the respondent (and/or one of his or her family members) to have/potentially have difficulty in performing actions linked to their lifestyle and related functions: seeing, hearing, walking, having cognitive faculty, taking care of themselves, and communicating. These are the areas the questions included in the census questionnaire concern.
The questions to ask relate to the difficulties that the respondent or a family member may have in fulfilling certain tasks in a sustainable manner (6 months or more, in a recurring manner):

Each question has four response categories:

The severity scale is used in the response categories to identify the full range of functional domains ranging from the most benign to the most severe form. This is very important because we will have a full range of the respondent's capabilities.
NB: This question concerns the population aged at least 1 year.
On the PDA, you will choose the answer on a drop-down list.

Disability
[Questions 16-18 were asked of persons who are disabled, per question P15]

P16. Type of disability

Columns P15 - P18 -- Disability
105. It is absolutely important that this information is collected as accurately as possible, which means that the question applies to everybody in the household. You must be particularly careful to distinguish between actual disability and other forms of illnesses.

106. For example, you may be told that a member of the household has had tuberculosis or has been suffering from backache or stomach pains for a very long time. These are not disabilities for the purpose of these questions. It may be necessary to see the persons who have been reported as being disabled. This

[p.15]

will give you an opportunity to determine whether the persons) is/are disabled according to the specifications below.

107. Somebody is disabled if he/she is blind, crippled, deaf, dumb, mentally retarded or has lost limbs), etc.

P15 -- Whether person is disabled
108. Ask, "Is [the respondent] disabled?" If the answer is "Yes", ask the second question relating to the type of disability (question P16) before you make any entry. If you are satisfied that the type of disability falls within our prescribed category, you can then fill in P15 and P16. This is necessary to avoid messing up the questionnaire.

P16 -- Type of disability
109. Ask for the type of disability and record the appropriate code refer to the code list). For example, "Limited use of legs" is 01, "Loss of legs" is 02, etc.

110. Some people may have more than one disability. In such cases, record the most serious one.

P16 Type of disability

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

Disability [Questions P15-P19]

P15. Does [the respondent] suffer from any form of disability?

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

Columns (P15 to P19) disability
120. It is absolutely important that this information is collected as accurately as possible. These questions apply to everybody in the household. You must be particularly careful to distinguish between actual disability and other forms of illnesses.

121. For example, you may be told that a member of the household has had tuberculosis or has been suffering from backache or stomach pains for a very long time. These are not disabilities for the purpose of these questions. It may be necessary to see the persons who have been reported as being disabled. This will give you an opportunity to determine whether the person(s) is/are disabled according to the specifications below.

122. Somebody is disabled if he/she is blind, crippled, deaf, dumb, mentally retarded, lost limb(s), speech impaired, is an albino, etc.

P15 -- Person disabled?
123. Ask, 'Does (name) suffer from any form of disability?' If the answer is 'Yes' ask the second question relating to the main type of disability in (P16) and the second type if any in P17. Before you make any entry be sure that you are satisfied that the type of disability falls within the prescribed categories.

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

Disability [Questions P15-P19]

P16. Main type of disability

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

P16 and P17 - Type of disability
124. Ask for the type of disability and record the appropriate code (refer to the code list). For example, 'Physical disability (Polio) is 01; 'Physical disability (Amputee) ' is 02, etc.

125. Some people may have more than one disability. In such cases, record the most serious one as main in P16and the other as 2nd in P17.

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

Disability [Questions P15-P19]

P17. Second type of disability

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

P16 and P17 - Type of disability
124. Ask for the type of disability and record the appropriate code (refer to the code list). For example, 'Physical disability (Polio) is 01; 'Physical disability (Amputee) ' is 02, etc.

125. Some people may have more than one disability. In such cases, record the most serious one as main in P16and the other as 2nd in P17.

P-13. Disability

P-12 Health and functioning
Does [the person have difficulty in the following?
Write the appropriate code [number from 1 to 6] in the box.

[3.7] Household members

[3.7.3] General health and functioning
Now, I am going to ask you health-related questions.

[3.7.3.4] Does the respondent have difficulty communicating in his/her usual language [i.e. understanding others or being understood by others]?

14. Does [the respondent] have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning?

14. Does [the respondent] have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning?

All persons (health)
[Questions P21a to P23 were asked of all persons about their health.]

P21a. Does this person experience difficulty / problems (with):

Question 6: Do you have any disability? If yes, what type of disability?
In this question, we want to know if there is any member of the household who is disabled. If there is, we want to know what kind of disability he/she has. If the member of the household has no disability shade, code "1" in the space provided for question six.
Types of disabilities and their codes are as follows:

(P10A-P10B) Presence of handicap(s)

Columns P10A and P10B: Presence of handicap(s)

A handicap is any physical, auditory, visual or mental incapacity which leads to a slowing of the productive activity of the individual concerned.

These two columns serve to establish the presence or otherwise of a handicap. Pose the following question:
"Does [the respondent] suffer from any kind of handicap?"
If the response is no, record SH son the dotted lines and put the code 0 in the boxes reserved for this purpose in each of the columns P10A and P10B then go to column P11.
If the response is yes, try to find what handicap they suffer from.

[p. 29]

Taking account of the response obtained, you will record on the dotted lines the appropriate abbreviation then the code of the nature of the handicap in column P10A. If the person surveyed suffers from another handicap, do the same thing in column P10B. If he suffers from one sole handicap, put SH on the dotted lines and the code 0 in the box of the second column (P10B).

[p. 30]

For columns P10A and P10B, the possible responses are:

Example 1: Afi is tetraplegic, that is her upper and lower members are paralyzed. You will complete as follows:

Example 2: Kossi is blind and suffers from no other handicap. Columns P10A and P10B will be completed as follows:

The questions starting from column P11 do not concern visitors. They only concern resident persons. Check to this end if the person surveyed is resident present (RP) or resident absent (RA).

(P10A-P10B) Presence of handicap(s)

Columns P10A and P10B: Presence of handicap(s)

A handicap is any physical, auditory, visual or mental incapacity which leads to a slowing of the productive activity of the individual concerned.

These two columns serve to establish the presence or otherwise of a handicap. Pose the following question:
"Does [the respondent] suffer from any kind of handicap?"
If the response is no, record SH son the dotted lines and put the code 0 in the boxes reserved for this purpose in each of the columns P10A and P10B then go to column P11.
If the response is yes, try to find what handicap they suffer from.

[p. 29]

Taking account of the response obtained, you will record on the dotted lines the appropriate abbreviation then the code of the nature of the handicap in column P10A. If the person surveyed suffers from another handicap, do the same thing in column P10B. If he suffers from one sole handicap, put SH on the dotted lines and the code 0 in the box of the second column (P10B).

[p. 30]

For columns P10A and P10B, the possible responses are:

Example 1: Afi is tetraplegic, that is her upper and lower members are paralyzed. You will complete as follows:

Example 2: Kossi is blind and suffers from no other handicap. Columns P10A and P10B will be completed as follows:

The questions starting from column P11 do not concern visitors. They only concern resident persons. Check to this end if the person surveyed is resident present (RP) or resident absent (RA).

13. Type of disability

Does (N) [the respondent] have any difficulties in?

The main objective of this section is to obtain information on the prevalence of certain types of disabilities among the population. This information can be utilized for monitoring and evaluating national programmes and services concerning the equalization of opportunity, rehabilitation and the prevention of disabilities.

Further, the information would assist in identifying the special needs of persons with disabilities, such as access to buildings, educational reform, training enhancement and employment opportunities.

Question 12 - Longstanding disability

Disability is defined as any restriction or lack of ability (resulting from an impairment) to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered to be normal for a human being.

For the purpose of the census, a disability is only a disability if it has a long lasting continuing consequence, that is, it is a disability provided it has lasted for at least six months or is expected to last for more than six months. Temporary conditions such as broken legs and other illnesses even though they may have restricted one's activities are not to be included.

This question is to be asked about every member of the family, regardless of age or current activity status.

[p.36]

The response positions for this question are:

If the response is 1 go to question 13.

If 2 or 9 skip to question 14.

Question 13 - Type of disability

Multiple responses can be ticked.

If the other category is ticked, please specify

13(b). Disability status

3.1. Disability

Persons with disabilities are defined here as those persons who are at greater risk than the general population for experiencing restrictions in performing specific tasks or participating in role activities.

[p.12]

Data about impairments (problems at the level of organs and anatomical structures) is different from data about activity limitations (limitations on the capacity of a person to act or behave in a desired manner, because of a health condition), which again is different from data about participation restrictions (limitations in what a person does that result from an interaction between impairments or activity limitations and barriers created by the person's environment).

Short-term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded. Only disabilities lasting for at least six months or expected to last for more than six (6) months are to be included.

The following categories focus on whether the individual has any impairments:

Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations. A participation restriction can be determined by comparing an individual's normal and regular involvement in activities with that expected of an individual without a disability.

The following categories focus on whether the individual has any participation/activity limitations:

13(b). Disability status

3.1. Disability

Persons with disabilities are defined here as those persons who are at greater risk than the general population for experiencing restrictions in performing specific tasks or participating in role activities.

[p.12]

Data about impairments (problems at the level of organs and anatomical structures) is different from data about activity limitations (limitations on the capacity of a person to act or behave in a desired manner, because of a health condition), which again is different from data about participation restrictions (limitations in what a person does that result from an interaction between impairments or activity limitations and barriers created by the person's environment).

Short-term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded. Only disabilities lasting for at least six months or expected to last for more than six (6) months are to be included.

The following categories focus on whether the individual has any impairments:

Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations. A participation restriction can be determined by comparing an individual's normal and regular involvement in activities with that expected of an individual without a disability.

The following categories focus on whether the individual has any participation/activity limitations:

21. What kind of disability do you have?

P13 Disability Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more? (If No write 10 and skip to P16, if Yes write codes for at most 2 mayor difficulties) ___ ___

Disability
115. A person with a disability is defined as one who is limited in the kind of or amount of activities that he or she can do, because of ongoing difficulty (-ies) due to a long-term physical condition or health problem that has lasted six months or more. This includes all those difficulties that are expected to last more than six months.
116. Note that a person can have a fractured arm or leg due to a road accident and is expected to heal within three months. For purposes of the census, you should not record this person to have a difficulty since the difficulty is expected to last for a shorter period.
117. There are some clear cases of disability such as having lost a leg, or being crippled by polio that one cannot walk normally, or being mad. However, there are also many cases where it is not so clear. In such cases, common sense must be your guide. If the respondent indicates that the condition is not so serious as to prevent a person from living a full life, it should not be counted as a disability.
118. If a person has lost an arm, he or she is disabled. A person who has lost the tip of a finger in an accident should not be considered as disabled. In the same way a person whose sight is impaired but can live and work normally by wearing glasses while doing so is not disabled for purposes of the census.
Question P13: Disability
Ask, "Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking difficulty, mental or learning difficulty, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more?"
119. If the respondent declares anyone in the Household as disabled, use the codes in the questionnaire and describe the nature of the disability as best as you can. Some persons with disabilities have more than one type of disability. In this case you are required to take the two major forms of disability and assign the appropriate codes in the space provided. Note that the column for each person takes care of two types of disabilities.
120. It is quite common for persons in the Household to hide information about disabilities of their kin, especially the children. Ensure that you attempt to see and probe to obtain the truth.
121. Examples of such categories of persons include, those who have

• Seeing difficulties: an individual could have a sight problem if he/she cannot see clearly objects that are close to him/her or is unable to figure out objects, which are at a distance. Note that if one wears glasses and ceases to have a problem with sight, then he/ she does not qualify to be recorded as having any seeing difficulties. A separate code for "Blindness" is provided for persons who cannot see at all. If a person has lost one eye, this does not automatically imply that he has a sight problem. Ask the respondent to find out if he/she has a sight difficulty and assign the appropriate code.
• Hearing difficulties: This includes those who have difficulty in hearing i.e. not following a conversation in a normal voice even with use of a hearing aid. In case an individual has a hearing aid and is able to follow a conversation in a normal voice, then she/he does not have a hearing difficulty. A separate code for unable to hear (deaf) is included for those who cannot hear at all.
• Speech impairment: Includes persons with problems of speech, even though they are able to hear. Those who are not able to speak at all are categorized as "Mute"
• Mental Illness (Strange Behavior): This is characterized by strange behaviors and the most common description is mad.
• Learning difficulty/Mental Retardation: This includes persons with learning difficulties in or out of school and persons mentally less developed than their age mates. They can be adults or children.
• Epilepsy: This is a condition where a person has episodes of loss or change of consciousness that may last from a few seconds to over an hour. The loss of consciousness is sometimes accompanied by movement of body parts. The loss of consciousness is also called fit. Epilepsy fits are NOT accompanied by fever.
• Rheumatism: This is of when the joints of a body are swollen, hot and painful. It is often accompanied by limited movement of the joint.

P13 Disability Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more? (If No write 10 and skip to P16, if Yes write codes for at most 2 mayor difficulties) ___ ___

Disability
115. A person with a disability is defined as one who is limited in the kind of or amount of activities that he or she can do, because of ongoing difficulty (-ies) due to a long-term physical condition or health problem that has lasted six months or more. This includes all those difficulties that are expected to last more than six months.
116. Note that a person can have a fractured arm or leg due to a road accident and is expected to heal within three months. For purposes of the census, you should not record this person to have a difficulty since the difficulty is expected to last for a shorter period.
117. There are some clear cases of disability such as having lost a leg, or being crippled by polio that one cannot walk normally, or being mad. However, there are also many cases where it is not so clear. In such cases, common sense must be your guide. If the respondent indicates that the condition is not so serious as to prevent a person from living a full life, it should not be counted as a disability.
118. If a person has lost an arm, he or she is disabled. A person who has lost the tip of a finger in an accident should not be considered as disabled. In the same way a person whose sight is impaired but can live and work normally by wearing glasses while doing so is not disabled for purposes of the census.
Question P13: Disability
Ask, "Does (name) have any difficulty in moving, seeing, hearing, speaking difficulty, mental or learning difficulty, which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more?"
119. If the respondent declares anyone in the Household as disabled, use the codes in the questionnaire and describe the nature of the disability as best as you can. Some persons with disabilities have more than one type of disability. In this case you are required to take the two major forms of disability and assign the appropriate codes in the space provided. Note that the column for each person takes care of two types of disabilities.
120. It is quite common for persons in the Household to hide information about disabilities of their kin, especially the children. Ensure that you attempt to see and probe to obtain the truth.
121. Examples of such categories of persons include, those who have

• Seeing difficulties: an individual could have a sight problem if he/she cannot see clearly objects that are close to him/her or is unable to figure out objects, which are at a distance. Note that if one wears glasses and ceases to have a problem with sight, then he/ she does not qualify to be recorded as having any seeing difficulties. A separate code for "Blindness" is provided for persons who cannot see at all. If a person has lost one eye, this does not automatically imply that he has a sight problem. Ask the respondent to find out if he/she has a sight difficulty and assign the appropriate code.
• Hearing difficulties: This includes those who have difficulty in hearing i.e. not following a conversation in a normal voice even with use of a hearing aid. In case an individual has a hearing aid and is able to follow a conversation in a normal voice, then she/he does not have a hearing difficulty. A separate code for unable to hear (deaf) is included for those who cannot hear at all.
• Speech impairment: Includes persons with problems of speech, even though they are able to hear. Those who are not able to speak at all are categorized as "Mute"
• Mental Illness (Strange Behavior): This is characterized by strange behaviors and the most common description is mad.
• Learning difficulty/Mental Retardation: This includes persons with learning difficulties in or out of school and persons mentally less developed than their age mates. They can be adults or children.
• Epilepsy: This is a condition where a person has episodes of loss or change of consciousness that may last from a few seconds to over an hour. The loss of consciousness is sometimes accompanied by movement of body parts. The loss of consciousness is also called fit. Epilepsy fits are NOT accompanied by fever.
• Rheumatism: This is of when the joints of a body are swollen, hot and painful. It is often accompanied by limited movement of the joint.

10. Do you have any of the following disabilities?

Question No.10

[Disabilities]
[The instructions refer to a graphic of section VI, question 10 on the census form.]

-- Read the question and the possible answers and fill in the corresponding cell.

Mute:

The next questions are about difficulties a person faces when performing certain activities due to health reasons.

13. Does [the respondent] have any difficulty with:

Part 1: Information about members of the household
Part 1 of the Census form consists of 41 questions, numbered sequentially from Question 1 to Question 41.

The respondent is the head of the household or a person knowledgeable about members of the household. For information on employment and birth history of women, DTV needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and collect information. In addition, for other information about members of the household, if the head of the household or the information provider is not knowledgeable, DTV also needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and record the information.

Question 13: Does [the respondent] have any difficulty when [...]?
This question is intended to gather information about difficulties a person may encounter in performing certain activities due to health problems/long term health problems, including difficulties due to the effects of old age, but does not include difficulties due to the children being young or not yet proficient in taking care of themselves (help from adults).

DTV asks about the conditions and level of difficulty of each person and in turn according to each ability, including vision, hearing, walking up the stairs, memory, self-care, and communication. Therein:

You are about to start a rather sensitive topic. Prepare the respondent by telling him/her that you are now going to start asking questions on disability.

A person with a disability is defined as a person who is limited in the kind or amount of activities that he or she can do because of the ongoing difficulties due to a long term physical condition, mental condition or health problem. Remember that people who have just become amputees should be included as disabled. Short term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded.

P-17: What is [the respondent's] disability?

Find out whether this person has difficult in the following and shade appropriately. Also note that a person may have more than one disability. Shade all disabilities reported (multiple responses are allowed).

4.12.1 Type of disability

Q14 Disability
The intention here is to capture data pertaining to disability of a moderate to severe nature. The question should be asked to all persons.
Definitions:

Example:

Because there is no adequate transport, buildings are not accessible and potential employers do not wish to employ someone with a disability.

In Zimbabwe, the terms disability, impairment and handicap have been used interchangeably to refer to persons with disabilities. Reference has been made to children who are mentally handicapped, people who have visual impairment or people who are physically disabled. To the users, the meaning is only an exercise in semantics.

Classification of disability for Purposes of identification
Disability is difficult because it is not a well-defined condition. Different countries have used different definitions and census methodologies to come up with estimates of prevalence rates.
Developed countries have counted even those with minor disabilities as disabled while developing countries have only counted those that have moderate to severe conditions that need rehabilitation intervention. These are people whose conditions permanently prevent them from performing activities in a manner considered normal for human beings. A person may have minor impairment (e.g. amputation of two toes) but functions normally. Such a person is not considered disabled.

When identifying people with disabilities, the difficulties that they may have as a result of their conditions are classified as follows by World Health Organization:

For the 2012 Census, Zimbabwe will classify people with moderate to severe disabilities according to the same categories.

Explanation of Disabilities and Examples of Conditions That May Cause Disabilities

Condition:

d) Difficulty Speaking