Fertility and child survival -- females

A29. How many are living elsewhere?

Questions A27 - A30 must be completed for all females aged 12 years and over, regardless of their marital status and their relationship to the head of household. For males of any age and females under 12 years of age, enter a dash in these columns. For young girls (e.g. 12-15 years old) who are still living at home with their parents, this question may be considered rather personal. Take care how you ask the question.

119. Column A29: Children living elsewhere

Q: How many are living elsewhere?

In column A29 enter the number of children born to the woman who are not living with her at her usual place of residence. These children should be recorded by their sex such that males and females living with mother, male and female children living elsewhere, and males and females children who have died together should be equals to total number of males and female children ever born to a woman.

121. Check that the number of male children and female children entered in column A27 is the sum of the male and female children respectively entered in columns A28, A29, and A30. Reconcile any differences with the respondent before leaving the household.

Remember that the codes in columns A27 - A30 are all two-digit codes. In most cases you must therefore remember to put a zero in front, e.g. 2 children would be coded as 02.

If a woman has never had a live birth, enter 00 in all the columns. Never leave any column blank. If a woman has children in only one or two categories, insert the figures in the appropriate columns and enter 00 in the remaining column(s).

If unknown, enter 99 and explain in the comments box.

A. Person Information

Fertility and child survival

27. How many are living elsewhere?

154. Columns A26-A31: Fertility and child survival (females only)
It must be noted that fertility is defined as actual birth performance of a woman.
Questions A26-A29 must be completed for all females aged 12 years and over, regardless of their marital status and their relationship to the head of household. For males of any age and females less than 12 years of age, enter a dash in these columns. For young girls (i.e. 12-15 years old) who are still living at home with their parents, this question may be considered rather personal. Take care how you ask the question.

Questions A30-A31 are only asked of females aged 12 to 49 years old. For others, enter a dash in these columns. The enumerator should always check at all times that the number of children in A26 should be equal to the sum of this in A27, A28, and A29. The enumerator should therefore always crosscheck that these balances before moving on to the next section.

The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown on page 61 for easy reference.

157. Column A28: Children living elsewhere
Q. How many are living elsewhere?
In column A28 enter the number of children born to the woman who are not living with her at her usual place of residence. These children should be recorded with respect to their sex such that males and females living with mother, male and female children living elsewhere, and male and female children who have died together should be equals to total number of male and female children ever born to a woman.

What is the total number of children ever born to [person]?

Columns 37 - 40: For All women Ten Years Old and Over

In these columns all women aged ten years and over will be asked the number live birth they have given and the number filled in these columns.

Before entering any data in these columns, it is important to understand the definition of "live birth". Live birth means a newborn baby has life as the time of birth. In general number of babies born live does not include abortion or still birth.

Columns 37 - 39: Total number of children ever born to [the respondent]?

For women ten years and over who has never had children born to them "00" will be entered in the card columns under columns 37, 38 and 39.

Column 37: Living at Home

Number of children by gender living with the household their mother is a member of will be entered in card columns 68 and 69 under column 37. Code "00" will be entered in card columns 68 and 69 for women aged ten years and over if the children do not live with them.

Column 38: Living elsewhere

In column 38 card columns 70 and 71 number of children living elsewhere will be entered by gender. If the children born to the woman do not live elsewhere then "00" will be entered in this column and in card columns 70 and 71.

Column 39: Dead

Number of children dead by gender, if any, will be entered in column 39 card columns 72 and 73. However if there are no children dead "00" will be entered in this column card columns 72 and 73. When filling this column it has to be noted that children dead means those who died after they were born.

Section III: Detailed particulars of household members

Asked for women aged 10 years and above
[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]

Total number of children ever born alive

35. What is the number of children living elsewhere?

Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.

Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive

This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
pg 81
(which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.

Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account.

Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.

Column 35: What is the number of children living elsewhere (Male, Female)?

The question refers to children who are "born alive" and currently residing in other places rather than with their families. The separate questions will be asked by sex so that the number of children who are not living with their mothers by sex will be obtained. And the information to be collected will be filled in on the space provided. If the respondent have no children who are living in other places and never born before, the space provided must be filled with "0" for both sexes. Under this question children who are included are:

Section 3: Details of persons in the household

[Questions 26-29 were asked of long form respondents 10+.]

27. Of the children you have borne, how many sons and daughters are living elsewhere?

Question 26-29:- Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.

Question 26-28:- The number of children the respondent has ever born

This question is going to be asked for member of a given household who are females aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.

Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc..., it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account.

Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.

Question 27: - How many children have you borne who are now living elsewhere (Male, Female)?

The question refers to children who are "born alive" and currently residing in other places rather than with their families. The separate questions will be asked by sex so that the number of children who are not living with their mothers by sex will be obtained. And the information to be collected will be filled and shaded on the space provided. If the respondent have no children who are living in other places and never born before, the space provided must be filled with "0" for both sexes. Under this question children who are included are:

For all women born in 1971 or before
[Questions 18-22 were asked of all women born in 1971 or before]

19. How many were elsewhere?

176. The next set of questions, 18 to 22, applies to all women born in 1971 or before.

177. An answer is required of all women in this category whether or not they are married, whether or not they are still attending school, and whether or not you think they may have borne children.

178. If the person is male or is a girl born 1972 to 1986, write 'N/A' on line 18 and leave the rest of the column blank.

179. If possible speak to the woman herself. She will know about the children she has borne and will be able to answer the questions more accurately than anyone else.

180. The census is concerned with all the children a woman has borne. Include children who have grown up and left home, children borne by the woman to other men as well as to her present husband, her children who are living away from home and children who have died even if they died shortly after birth. Be careful to include very young babies.

181. Do not include adopted children, step children or children who may be staying in the household but were not borne by the woman herself.

182. We are concerned with the number of children the woman has borne alive. '0' is a number. If the appropriate number on any line is '0', then write '0'. Do not leave lines blank and do not use any other symbol.

183. A child born alive is one who cries after being born. The census is concerned with children born alive. Do not include still births -- that is, children who did not cry.

184. Ask, "Has this woman borne any children?"

185. If the woman has never borne any children alive, write '0' for boys and '0' for girls.

186. If the woman has borne a child or children, ask: "How many were with her on census night?"

187. Write the number of boys and the number of girls who were in this household on census night on line 18. If the answer is 'none', write '0' in the appropriate box.

188. "How many were elsewhere on census night?"

189. Write the number of boys and the number of girls whom the woman has borne who were not in the household on census night. If the answer is 'none', write '0' in the appropriate box.

190. "How many have died?"

191. Write the number of boys and girls whom the woman has borne alive but who have since died. If the answer is 'none', write '0' in the appropriate box.

[p. 21]

192. You have recorded details of all the children the woman has borne alive. You are next required to record particulars of her most recent live birth -- that is, of the last child she had borne alive.

193. "When was the last child born?"

194. Whenever possible record the day, month and year.

195. If the day is not known, record at least the month and year for all children born between 1980 and 1986 even if it takes time to establish the month by questioning the mother and other members of the household.

196. For children born before 1980 it will be enough to record the year of birth.

197. "Is the child still alive?"

198. Write 'yes' or 'no' as appropriate.

For all women born in 1981 or before
[Questions F1-F5 were asked of women born in 1981 or before.]

F2. How many were elsewhere? If none, 0.

Children ever born

To women born in 1981 or before

The next set of questions, F1 to F5, apply to all women born in 1981 or before.

163. An answer is required of all women in this category whether or not they are married, whether or not they are still attending school, and whether or not you think they may have borne children.

If the person is male or is a girl born 1982 to 1996, write 'N/A' on line F1 and leave the rest of the column blank.

If possible speak to the woman herself. She will know about the children she has borne and will be able to answer the questions more accurately than anyone else.

The census is concerned with all the children a woman has borne. Include children who have grown up and left home, children borne by the woman to other men as well as to her present husband, her children who are living away from home and children who have died even if they died shortly after birth. Be careful to include very young babies.

Do not include adopted children, step children or children who may be staying in the household but were not borne by the woman herself.

We are concerned with the number of children the woman has borne alive. '0' is a number. If the appropriate number of any line is '0', then write '0'. Do not leave lines blank and do not use any other symbol. It is just as important to record women who have not given birth as it to record those who have.

[p.39]

A child born alive is one who cries after being born. The census is concerned with children born alive. Do not include still births - that is children who did not cry and were born dead.

Question F2

165. Ask,
'How many were elsewhere on census night?'

Write the number of boys and girls whom the woman has borne who were not in the household on census night. If the answer is 'none' write '0' in the appropriate box.

For all women born in 1992 or before
[Questions F1-F6 were asked of women born in 1992 or before.]

F1. How many children of each sex did [the person] give birth to that are still alive and were staying on census night
a. In this household

b. Elsewhere (In Fiji or overseas)

VIII. Women with status of married, divorced, widowed
[Questions 39-46 were asked of women who indicated being married, divorced, or widowed, as per question 5.]

43. Number of children still alive

F. Block VIII. Women who are married, divorced, or widowed

Question 43: Total number of children still alive
Fill in number of children still alive in the provided space, [including] both those who are staying in the household [and those living] outside the household. Fill in the total number at Question 43a, for those living inside the household at Question 43b, and for those who are living outside the household at Question 43c. Move the content to the provided space in accordance with the sex.

VII. Ever married women age 10-54
[Questions 701-716]

708. How many sons and how many daughters are alive but do not live with [the respondent]?

6.7 Block VII. Women age 10-54 who ever married
This block is only asked to women aged 10-54 years old who ever married in order to obtain information on marriage, number of children born alive, children currently alive and deceased children. The characteristics are very useful to count the total number of births and the number of stillbirths. Try to interview the mother in question.

Block VII is filled in after the characteristics of all household members are recorded into Block V and Block VI. In a set of SUPAS95-S there are 4 pages of Block VII that are in pages 26-29. Write the characteristics of ever married women age 10-54 first on page 26, then on page 27 and so forth. If in one household there are more than four ever married women aged 10-54 years old, use an extra page.

For Block VII, read the questions that are printed in small letters.

Question 706 to 716: Number of children born alive
These questions are to collect the characteristics on all of the children born alive to the respondent, regardless of who the father is. When collecting the data on this matter, please explain to the respondent that the events to be covered are the children born alive even if [they are] not living in the same household or have passed away. Born alive is a child who, when born, showed signs of life such as crying, moving or breathing, even if the child only lived a few moments.

Also ask the respondent not to report the number of stillbirths (when the child did not show signs of life), foster children, or stepchildren.

Question 708: Number of born children who do not live with the mother
This question is about live biological sons and/or daughters who do not live together with the respondent in the household, [are] living with other relatives, in a dormitory, [were] adopted by someone else, or are

[p.67]

already adults and have left home. The enumerator has to be sure that the respondent does not include biological children who passed away.

Fill in the number of biological sons and daughters who are still alive but live elsewhere in the provided boxes. If only sons do not live there, write "00" in the boxes of "Daughters", and vice versa [if only daughters live elsewhere].

Ever married women age 10 or older
[Questions 219-221 were asked of ever-married women age 10 or older.]

[Questions 220-221 were asked of ever-married women age 10 or older who had a live birth.]

220. How many of [the respondent's] children are:

Ever Married Women Who Are 10 Years or Older
[p. 142]
Questions number 219, 220 and 221 are asked to women who have ever married who are 10 years or older. If Q203 has a code 2, Q204 (age) 10 or older, and Q215 has codes 2, 3 or 4, then Q219, Q220 and Q221 must be asked. If not all requirements are met, then Q219, Q220 and Q221 should not be asked and should be left BLANK (Don't enter code 00).
The information which will be collected from every female household member who has ever married aged 10 or older is: has she ever given birth to a baby born alive, number of children still living, number of children who have died and whether she has given birth to a child after 1 January 2009. Information about number of children born alive who are still living and number of children who died must be recorded in detail classified by sex and whether or not the living children live in this household or a different household. Stillborn children are not included in this question.

Questions 220a, 220b and 220c: Total Number of Children Born Alive
Ask the total number of own children who were ever born alive to the household member who meets all the requirements [respondent has had a live birth]. Record the total number of children born alive, those who are still alive and live in this household or live in a different household as well as those who have already died. For the household member who has been married several times, this should include the children from all marriages from the first through the last.
Child born alive is an own child who at the time of its birth had signs of life, even though only for a very short time, such as heart beating, breathing, and crying.
Stillborn means that at the time of birth the child did not show any signs of life. A stillborn child is not included in this question.
If a child lives outside this household and it is not known whether the child is still alive, then it is assumed to be still alive.
In order to be clear and correct, the enumerator should read aloud the results he/she has recorded to confirm the information with the respondent. Say:

For all females aged 12 years and older

How many children has this woman given birth to, who were born alive and are now living elsewhere?

The questions in columns (m) to (u) apply to all women and girls aged twelve years and over.

124. Answers are required for all women in this category. It does not matter whether or not they are married, single, divorced or separated; whether or not they are still attending school; whether or not you think they have or have not borne children; or what their relationship to the head of the household -- you must ask the questions of all women and girls aged twelve and over.

125. For males and for girls under twelve years of age, write 'n/a' in column (m) and leave the rest blank.

126. Many women do not like answering questions about their children. There are various reasons for this, but it is your job to obtain the answers. It will require firmness and tact.

133. Next, ask
'Of the children she has borne alive, how many are living elsewhere?'

134. Write the number of boys who are living elsewhere in column (o) and the number of girls in column (p). If none of the boys or girls she has borne is living elsewhere, write '0' in the appropriate column.

135. Include in these columns all the children she has borne who are living somewhere else. It may be that they have grown up and married,

pg 22

or have gone off to work, or be living with relatives, or be in a boarding school, etc. Make sure that none of the children she has borne are missed and ask further questions to probe the matter fully -- 'are any of your children away?', 'at work?', 'married?', 'with relatives?'

D. Females aged 12 years and over

How many children has [the respondent] born alive living elsewhere?

The questions in columns P40 to P51 apply to all women and girls aged 12 years and over

146. Answers are required of all women in this category. It does not matter whether or not they are married, single, divorced or separated; whether or not they are still attending school; or their relationship to the head of the household: you must ask the questions of all women and girls aged twelve years and over. The first thing to do is check column P00 to identify all those to whom these questions should be addressed.

147. For males and for girls under twelve years of age, leave columns P40 to P51 blank.

148. Many women do not like answering questions about their children. There are various reasons for this, but it is your job to obtain the answers. It will require firmness, politeness and tact.

149. Ask of all females age 12 and over whether they have borne any live children.

150. A child borne alive is one who cries after birth. The census is concerned only with children borne alive. Do not include stillbirths; that is, children who were born dead and therefore did not cry at the time of birth.

151. If the woman has never borne any live children, write '00' in each of columns P40 to P51.

152. If the woman has borne live children, ask, 'of the children she has borne alive, how many are living in this household?'

153. Write the number of boys who are living in the household in column P40 and the number of girls in column P41. If none of the boys or girls are living in the household, write '00' in the appropriate columns. You should be able to verify this information from column P00. If, for example, the woman has only two boys and two girls, you should write '02' in column P40 and '02' in column P41.

154. Next, of the children borne alive, ask her how many are living elsewhere?'

155. Write the number of boys who are living elsewhere in column P42 and the number of girls in column P43. If none of the boys or girls she has borne alive are living elsewhere, write '00' in the appropriate columns.

156. Include in these columns all the children she has borne alive who are living elsewhere. It may be that they have grown up and married, or have gone off to work, or are living with relatives, or are in a boarding school, and so on. Make sure that none of the children she has borne alive are missed and ask further questions to probe the matter fully, such as, 'are any of your children away, at work, or with relatives?'

157. Then ask, 'of the children you have borne alive, how many have died?'

158. Many people do not talk of the dead and many others find it painful. It is best to ask this question in a matter of fact way and without embarrassment. Please refer to item 150 above for the definition of a live birth.

159. Write the number of boys who have died in column P44 and number of girls in column P45. If none of the boys and girls she has borne have died, write '00' in the appropriate columns.

160. If, in-spite of your best efforts, you cannot obtain this information about the children who have died, code '99' in column P44 and P45. Do not leave any of these columns blank.

161. Before proceeding to columns P46 through P51, probe to know whether the number of children given in columns P40 through P 45 is correct by asking the woman again how many children she has given birth to. If this number differs from the total number in columns P40 through P 45, adjust your entries accordingly.

162. Ask, 'in what year was her last child born?'

163. Record the year of birth in column P47. For the years 1970 to 1989 state the year, but if the child was born before 1970 and the year is not known you may write '1969'. Code the last two digits of the year (e.g., 70 for 1970, 79 for 1979, and so forth).

164. If the child was born in 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988 or 1989, ask, 'in what month of the year was the child born?'

165. Code the month in column P46. Use '01' for January, '02' for February, etc. If the child was born in 1984 or before, you need not code the month of birth. However if the month is known, even for years before 1984, you may code them.

166. Then ask, 'was it a boy or a girl?'

167. Code the sex of the last borne child in column P48. Code '1' for males and '2' for females. If they were male twins, code '3', if female twins code '4', it twins with one of each sex, code '5', code '6' for other multiple births.

168. In column P49 indicate whether the child is still alive. If in column P48 it was indicated that they were twins or multiple births, preference will be given to dead children. If all the children of the above birth categories have died, preference will be given to the one who died latest. If the last born child is alive, and is living with the mother in the household, check that the year of birth agrees with the age of the child given is in column P12. If the dates do not agree, find out what has gone wrong and make the necessary corrections. If the child has died (see column P49), code the month and year of death in columns P50 and P51, respectively.

C. Information regarding females aged 12 years and above:

How many children have you born alive who usually live elsewhere?

Columns P40-51: Particulars of all live births

88. The questions in columns P40 to P51 apply to all females aged 12 years and over

89. Answers are required of all females in this category. It does not matter whether or not they are married, never married, divorced or separated; whether or not they are still attending school; or what their relationship to the head of the household is. You must ask the questions of all females aged twelve years and over. First thing to do is check in column P11 and P12 and then identify all those to whom these questions should be posed. Make sure you make your entries in the correct serial numbers for the eligible women.

90. For all males and for girls below twelve years of age, leave columns P40 to P51 blank. Also, if a female aged 12 years and above has, for some reason, declined to respond to the questions, leave columns P40 to P51 blank. However, this will not be tolerated. For childless women, code "0" in the appropriate bigger boxes.

91. Many women do not like answering questions about their children. There are various reasons for this, but it is your job to obtain the answers. It will require firmness, politeness and tact.

92. Ask of all females aged 12 years and over "Have you borne any children alive?"

(a, A child borne alive is one who shows one or more of the following signs of life immediately after birth:
(i) Crying or similar sounds
(ii) Movement of the limbs or any other parts of the body
(iii) Any other tangible signs of life.
The census is concerned only with children born alive. Do not include stillbirths, that is, children who were born dead and therefore did not show any sign(s) of life as above at the time of birth.

(b) If the woman has born any child alive, write the number of boys in the bigger box in P40 and the number of girls in P41 if it is a single digit. However; mark an "X" in the smaller box and then fill in the last digit for 1019. The following are examples:

93. If the woman has born children alive, ask, "of the children you have born alive, how many usually live with you in this household?" Write the number of boys who usually live in the household in column P42 and number of girls in column P43. If none of the boys or girls she has borne alive are living in the household, write "0" in the appropriate boxes. For female headed households, you should be able to verify this information from column P10 and P11. If for example the woman has only two boys and two 'girls then you should write "2" in column P42 and "2" in column P43, leaving the smaller boxes in each sub-column blank.

94. Next ask, "of the children you have born alive, how many usually live elsewhere?"

(a) Write the number of boys who usually live elsewhere in column P44 and the number of girls in column P45. Fill in a single digit in the bigger box under the appropriate column if less than ten (10); for 10 and above mark an "X" the smaller box and fill in the last single digit in the bigger box. If none of the boys or girls she has borne alive live elsewhere, write, "0" in the appropriate bigger boxes, leaving the smaller boxes blank.

(b) Include in these columns all the children she has borne alive who usually live elsewhere. It may be that they have grown up and married, or have gone off to work, or are living with relatives, or are in a boarding school etc. Make sure that none of the children she has borne alive are missed out. Ask further questions to probe the matter fully - "are any of your children away?" "at work?" "with relatives?", etc.

95. Then ask, "of the children you have born alive, how many have died?"

(a) Many people do not want to talk of the dead and many others find it painful to talk about their dead children. It is best to ask this question in a matter of fact way and without embarrassment. Please refer to paragraph 92(a) above for the definition of a live birth.

(b) Write the number of boys who have died in column P46 and number of girls in column in P47 using the same procedure as in 94 (a). If none of the boys and girls she has borne alive has died, code "0" in the appropriate columns.

(c) If, in spite of your best efforts, you cannot obtain this information about the children who have died, leave columns P46 and P47 blank. However, you should not encourage this.

96. Before proceeding to columns P48-P51, probe to know whether the number of children given in columns P42-x'47 is correct by comparing with the entry in columns P40 and P41. If these totals differ, probe further and adjust your entries accordingly.

97. Ask, "in what year and month was your last child born?" Record the month and year of birth in columns P48 and P49 respectively. Code the month in column P48 i.e. "01" for January, "02" for February, "12" for December. Code the last two digits of the year i.e. "80" for 1980, "89" for 1989 in column P49 etc.

98. Then ask, 'was it a boy or a girl?' Write the sex of the last borne child in column P50. Code "1" for male, "2" for female, "3" for male twins, "4" for female twins, "5" for twins with one of either sex, and "6" for other multiple births.

99. In column P51 indicate whether the child is still alive. If the last live birth is alive and living with the mother, check that year of birth agrees with the age of the child which is in column P12. If the dates do not agree, find out what has gone wrong and make any correction that is necessary. For single births code "1" if the child is still alive and "2" if dead. For twins code "3" if both twins are alive and "4" if only one of the twins is alive. For multiple births, code "5" if all the multiples are alive, "6" if two of the multiples are alive, "7" if only one of the multiples is alive and "8" if none of the multiples is alive. Write "9" if the survival status of the last birth is not known.

B: Information regarding females aged 12 years and above
[Questions P-24 to P-36 were asked of females age 12+ only.]

P-28, P-29. How many children have you born alive who usually live elsewhere?

- Section B: Information regarding females 12 years old and above. This section covers columns P24 to P36. It pertains to live births and should be asked of all females aged 12 years and above and make appropriate entries for each. As much as possible, obtain the information directly from the female concerned. Information should only be obtained from someone else if the respondent cannot be reached.

31. Section B: Information regarding females aged 12 years and above

31.4 Columns P28?P29: Children living elsewhere

Next ask: "Of the children you have born alive, how many usually live elsewhere?"
Write the number of boys who usually live elsewhere in column P28 and the number of girls in column P29. If none of the boys or girls she has borne alive live elsewhere, write, "0" in the appropriate boxes.
Include in these columns (P28 and P29) all the children the woman has borne alive who usually live elsewhere. It may be that they have grown up and married, or have gone off to work, or are living with relatives etc. Make sure that none of the children she has borne alive are missed out. Ask further questions to probe ? "are any of your children away?", "at work?", "with relatives?", etc.

18. Women, 15 years of age and over, specify

Question 18. For women (aged 15 and over)
The question is to be asked of women at the age of 15 years and over, both married and not married.
For persons under 15 years of age this question is usually not to be filled in. But if a woman interviewed gave birth to children, the answers to following questions should be recorded for her either.

c) How many of them live separately? Specify boys and girls.
In the reply to this question the number of children is to be stated, who at the census moment live separately from their mother, i.e. who are not members of the household (e.g., because of their leave for training or separating into an independent household, etc.).
In separate boxes the number of boys and girls is to be entered.
If all children ever born live together with their mother, in item "c" the numeral "0" is to be placed.

E. For women, aged 15 to 49 years
[Questions 17-18 were asked of women aged 15 to 49]

17. Have you given any live birth?

Section E: For women aged 15 - 49 years
The purpose of questions 17 and 18 is to collect information for estimating fertility and infant and child mortality, preferably directly from the woman concerned.

Information on live births (fertility) should be obtained for all women aged 15 to 49 years. For all others, i.e. for women less than 15 years and those more than 49 years and all males, "N/A" should be recorded.

Information should be requested of all women 15-49 years, irrespective of their marital status or whether you think they have borne children or not. Efforts should be made to get responses from the women themselves and permission to do so should be obtained from the head of household. If the woman concerned is not present, someone else - preferably the head of household - should be used to answer the questions.

Definition of live birth
A child born alive is one who cries after being born. Thus, a live birth is a birth which results in a child that shows any sign of life irrespective of the time of period within which these signs are manifest.

Question 17: Children ever born
Identify all eligible women using the age of the woman. Check with question 2 for consistency; the number of children in question 2 must be equal or higher than the number in question 17 (the higher number in question 2 accepted because foster children also are eligible in that question).

p.25

There are four parts to this question and the order of asking them is as follows:

E. For women, aged 15 to 49 years
Ask woman that are present at enumeration
[Questions 18-20 were asked of present women age 15 to 49].

Section E: For women aged 15 - 49 years
The purpose of questions 18 -- 20 is to collect information for estimating fertility and infant and child mortality, preferably directly from the woman concerned.
Information on live births (fertility) should be obtained for all women aged 15 to 49 years. For all others, i.e. for women less than 15 years and those more than 49 years and all males, use the tick-box for alternative "9" in question 18, and leave the rest blank.
Information should be requested of all women 15-49 years, irrespective of their marital status or whether you think they have borne children or not. Efforts should be made to get responses from the women themselves and permission to do so should be obtained from the head of household. If the woman concerned is not present, someone else - preferably the head of household - should be used to answer the questions.
Definition of live birth: A child born alive is one who cries after being born. Thus, a live birth is a birth which results in a child that shows any sign of life irrespective of the time of period within which these signs are manifest.

Question 18: Children ever born
Identify all eligible women using the age of the woman. Check with question 2 for consistency; the number of children in question 2 must be equal or higher than the number in question 17 (the higher number in question 2 accepted because foster children also are eligible in that question).
There are four parts to this question and the order of asking them is as follows:

c. How many children born alive to you (or name) were elsewhere on the census night?

E. For women aged 15-49 years old (Directly ask female)

Number of children ever born alive

4.6. Section E: For women aged between 15-49 (ask women directly)
The purpose of section E is to collect information on the fertility of women aged between 15-49 years. They will be interviewed about giving live births, age at first birth, and last birth. Surveyors should ask these questions directly to women. In case the target female interviewee is not at home, the surveyor can ask the head of the household instead.

Question Q29, Q30, Q31: Number of live births
Refers to the total number of children born including those who are alive and those who have died. Children who are still alive may be staying with their mothers or elsewhere. Adopted children, loved ones, children of fiancées, or cousins born by other people are not counted.
 
Write the number of live births for each question below:

Section E. For women aged 12 years and over

26. Has (the respondent) given any live birth?

5. Part E of the questionnaire

Columns 26 to 30 should be asked only of women aged 12 years and over

138. Column 27 to 30. Enter NA if the person is male or female under 12 years and 99 if the respondent does not know about the woman's fertility and the woman in question is absent. If the woman is 12 years and over and has never born a child enter a 0 in sections 271 to 276.
Sections 271 and 272 Total number of children living with the mother at the time of census. Write in these columns the total number of male and/or female children actually born to this woman living with her.
Sections 273 and 274: Those who are living elsewhere (such as those in institutions, married and living with their family elsewhere).
Sections 275 and 276: Those that were born alive and died even if they only lived for a few minutes. Do not include still births (ba hlahileng ba khathetse).
Note: before asking the next question check that the total number of children given in column 26 agrees with the numbers given in sections 271 to 276.

Section F. Women aged 12 to 49 years (Fertility)

41. How many sons are alive but do not live with you?

Part F of the questionnaire
For women aged 12 to 49 years (fertility)

111. Column 41: How many sons are alive, but do not live with you?

Females aged 12 years and over

P27-32. How many children have been born alive to [the respondent] who are?

Ever married women (aged 15 and above) (25 through 31)
[Question 25 through 31 were only asked of ever married women age 15 and older.]

27. How many of those children are living elsewhere (not in this household)?

Births to Ever Married Women Section (Fertility)

186. The questions on births and children related issues will be asked to ever-married women aged 15 and above. Many women may be reluctant to answer questions about their children. There are various reasons for this, but it is your duty to obtain the answers. It will require firmness, politeness, tact, understanding and, for some questions such as death, sympathy.

187. Only females above 15 years who have ever married should respond to the questions on births. Use Q4 - sex, Q5 - age, and Q6 - marital status, to determine eligible persons for this section. These questions will be used to estimate fertility and childhood mortality levels in Myanmar. The information would also be used to undertake population projections required for future planning purposes.

Only for married women (15-49 year of age)
[Questions 13 and 14 were asked of only married women age 15-49 years.]

13. How many children were ever born to ____?
(State all children live born by sex)

Column 13: How many children were ever born alive____?
[Only for ever married women between the ages of 15 and 49 years]

1. Living together son ____ daughter ____
2. Living separately son ____ daughter ____
3. Dead son ____ daughter ____
4. Total son ____ daughter ____

Born live means -- children that give signs of live birth by crying or by some movement after the birth are known as live births. If children don't have any sign of live birth like crying or movement, sound, then this birth could not be a live birth. Still birth (abortion or end pregnancy) should not be counted; however all the live birth should be enumerated.

For all women ever married (marital status of codes 2 through 7 in column 11) and aged 15-49 years, it should be asked how many children (son/daughter) were ever born alive, and recorded in the form. The fertility-related questionnaire should be administered to concerned women only. The answer category obtained by asking men might be wrong.

To minimize the problem of undercounting all live birth children, the current status of children living together in the household, living separately, or dead should be asked and reported separately, and the total should also be written. For the purpose of enumeration, only the number of children delivered by concerned women should be mentioned. Children delivered by other women, like adopted sons or daughters, should not be included on her number of child born.

1. Sons and daughters living together: The number of sons and daughters living in the same household (with their mother) should be mentioned here. Usually unmarried and married sons and unmarried daughters live with her mother.

2. Sons and daughters living separately: The number of sons and daughters living separately, if they are not living in the same household or with her mother (migrants due to marriage or living outside for study), should be mentioned in this column. If any sons or daughters are living separately inside the country or outside the country, they should be enumerated as not living together with her mother.

3. Dead sons and daughters: The number of sons and daughters who died immediately after live birth or dies after some times. The number of sons and daughters should be mentioned separately. But still births should not be included.

4. Total sons and daughters: As mentioned above, among the total number of children born alive, the separate total of sons and daughters living together, living separately or dead should be mentioned separately. If separate totals and the grand total are not consistent (different), then ask the reason of difference and make corrected accordingly.

Note: While administering these questions, the sons and daughters dead after live birth should be asked in depth. However, the topic of dead sons and daughters is a very sensitive subject, so some may refuse to give information on dead sons and daughters. Some may have the concept that this information need not be reported. But for the purpose of fertility and mortality related study, this information is important. Especially the children dead immediately or after some time of live birth are considered to be under reported. For collecting information on fertility, special time should be allotted and the status of sons and daughters should be mentioned separately.

Personal Information

[20] How many children were ever born to [the respondent]?

Fertility status of married women in fertility age [columns 20-21]

Column 20: has [the respondent] ever given birth to an alive child?
(Ask the married women aged 15-49 years old)

The purpose of this question is to determine fertility rate of married women in fertility age. Therefore, this question should be asked the married women in fertility age (15-49) at the time of enumeration.

Born alive means the child born by giving sound, crying, and movement when out of the mother's womb or giving indication of living. At the time of birth if a child does not give any indication of living such as sound, crying, or movement, then such child is not considered alive. Miscarriage or stillbirth is not also considered alive. If it is stillbirth, there is no need to include in counting. But the living child should not be left in counting.

[Image is omitted]

Ask whether they have alive children to women who have been married once (any marital status from reference 2 to 7 of column 7) and women from 15-49 years old, and if they have, circle the reference 1. Also ask how many alive children they gave birth and their current status (living in the household, living elsewhere, or dead), and accordingly fill up the information in the related box. While writing the number of children, only state the children born from the counted woman's womb. The children born from others, another wife of husband, adopted children should not be written under the children from the woman.

[p. 71]

The questions related to birth are known more to the concerned woman. If you asked these question [to a man], the responses likely to be wrong and hence, such question should be asked to the woman as far as possible.

2. Children living elsewhere - The number of the children living elsewhere without living with their mothers in the family (e.g. children living elsewhere for study, job, or any other reason for long time or left after marriage, separated with their parents) should be written in this column. If any child live elsewhere in the country or has gone to a foreign country due to various purposes should be written as he/she is not living with his/her mother, but elsewhere.

For all females 15 years of age and older (born in 1965 or before)
[Questions 15-16 were asked of females age 15+.]

15C. Do any (of your children) live somewhere else?

Section 6 - The census questions

Urban RNVs and rural villages

Question 15
This question has 4 parts, A, B, C and D.
For all females 15 years of age and older (born in 1965 or before)

Part C

Continue only for all citizen women aged 15 years or more
[Questions 20-23 were asked of females age 15+.]

22. How many of [the respondent's] own children are living elsewhere?

Records of births and deaths of children
The next four questions are about the number of children women have had, and the number of children who have died. This is important information to help us estimate how many people PNG will have in the future, and to help us plan for maternal and child health services.

Question 22: Number of own children living elsewhere.

Q22. How many of your own children are living elsewhere?

Who to ask: Ask all PNG citizen women aged 15 years or more who said in Q20 that they have given birth to a child.

Get this information for: All PNG citizen women aged 15 years or more who have given birth to at least one child.

How to ask: Ask "How many of your children live elsewhere?"
The children may have married, moved out of the village, or been adopted. They may be living on their own or with another household.
When a number is given, ask "How many of these children are boys and how many are girls.

How to record: Record the number of male children in the box for Boys, and the female children in the box for Girls.

[Questions P26 - P33: Females age 10 years or older]

How many children have been born alive to [the respondent] who are:

Columns P26 to P33 -- Fertility
These questions apply to all women age 10 years or older. For all males and for girls younger than 10 years, draw a straight line in each of these columns as appropriate.

134. These questions must be answered for all women age 10 years and older, irrespective of their marital status, and whatever their relationship to the head of the household.

P30 -- Male children living elsewhere
143. Ask: "How many of the male children are living elsewhere?" Write the answer in column P30. Record "00" if she has no male child living elsewhere. Always use two digits.

147. Sometimes a woman may forget to mention children who died in infancy and does not wish to be reminded of painful events; you must therefore put this question tactfully and sympathetically.

148. If a woman has never borne a child, record "00" in each of the eight columns. Similarly, if a woman has children in one or two categories only enter the numbers as appropriate and record "00" in the remaining column or columns. Never leave them blank.

149. You have to be careful when you record answers pertaining to the total number of children borne by a woman in her lifetime. The total number of children ever born by a woman will not likely exceed 17 and use that number as a guide. You must therefore probe further if the total number of children recorded for a woman in P26 and P27 exceeds 17.

[Questions P26 - P33: Females age 10 or older]

P30-31 Living in elsewhere (record as given) ("00" No child)

[Section II was answered for all persons who selected living in occupied housing units in question I15]

Females aged 10 years and over [Questions P34-P37]

P36. Children living elsewhere

Section 2: Population characteristics

Columns (P01) to (P20) -- These should provide particulars of all persons who slept in the household on census night. The questions therefore apply to all persons irrespective of age or sex, except P13 which applies to persons 5 years and above.

Columns (P34M) to (P37F) -- Fertility.
Questions P34M to P37F apply to all women aged 10 years and over. For all males and for girls aged less than 10 years, put a dash in each of these spaces as appropriate.

161. These questions must be answered for all women aged 10 years and over, irrespective of their marital status, and whatever their relationship to the head of the household is.

P36M -- Male children living elsewhere
170. Ask, "How many of the male children born to (name) are living elsewhere?" Write the answer in column (P36M). Record '00' if she has no male child living elsewhere.

Section F: Fertility - ask of women aged 12 to 50 years (born between and including 1957 and 1995) listed on the flap
[Questions P-40 to P-47.]

P-43 Total children surviving and living elsewhere

5.7. Section F: Fertility

This section is to be asked only of women aged 12 to 50 years (born between and including 1957 and 1995) listed on the flap.

(P-43): Total children surviving and living elsewhere:
a. How many of (the person's) children are still alive and living elsewhere, including grown-ups?
b. How many are boys?
c. How many are girls?

Confirm that the total of b. and c. matches a. If there are any discrepancies, probe.

The total for P-42 plus P-43 cannot be greater than the total for children ever born alive in P-41.

Number of children ever born alive
[Questions 26 - 32: Women aged 12 to 54 years]
If no children, write "00"

28. How many of those children are living elsewhere (not in this household)?

7.7. LFQ fertility questions 26-32
The remaining questions are only asked of women aged 12 to 54 years old. If you are asking questions for a male, or a female 11 years old or less or 55 years or older, stop and go to the next person listed on the questionnaire. In the 15 states of North Sudan, these questions are not asked of never married females as reported in Q24.

Q28 "How many of those children are living elsewhere (not in this household)?" Continuing with the same respondent ask question 28.

• Write the reported number of male and female children reported as living elsewhere in the boxes under the respective male and female columns.
• Note that this question is split with the part referring to males in the first row and the part referring to females on the second row.
• Remember to use two digits. If there are no male or female children living elsewhere write "00" in their respective columns.
• Shade in the numbers corresponding to the numbers written in the boxes.

Number of children ever born alive
[Questions 26 - 32: Women aged 12 to 54 years (if in North Sudan only complete this section for women who are or have ever been married)]
If no children, write "00"

28. How many of those children are living elsewhere (not in this household)?

7.7. LFQ fertility questions 26-32
The remaining questions are only asked of women aged 12 to 54 years old. If you are asking questions for a male, or a female 11 years old or less or 55 years or older, stop and go to the next person listed on the questionnaire. In the 15 states of North Sudan, these questions are not asked of never married females as reported in Q24.

Q28 "How many of those children are living elsewhere (not in this household)?" Continuing with the same respondent ask question 28.

• Write the reported number of male and female children reported as living elsewhere in the boxes under the respective male and female columns.
• Note that this question is split with the part referring to males in the first row and the part referring to females on the second row.
• Remember to use two digits. If there are no male or female children living elsewhere write "00" in their respective columns.
• Shade in the numbers corresponding to the numbers written in the boxes.

Females 12 years and older
[Applied to questions 19 to 22]

20. How many children were born alive to [the respondent] and who are now living elsewhere?

E. Female respondents age 12 and older
[Questions 21-24.]
Children ever born

22. How many male/female children were born alive to [respondent] and are now living elsewhere?

E. Women with the age of 12 and above
This part is important so, you should be very careful when asking questions and filling in the answers. Questions 21 to 24 are specifically for women age 12 and older.
All men (without age consideration) and women younger than 12 years should not be asked these questions. You acquire every detail about the number of children born alive from the woman you are interviewing for the whole period, up to the night before the Census day.
[p. 62]
It is stressed that a baby born "alive" is one who shows signs of being alive (he/she breathed or cried), even if for a short time. Please make sure that the children mentioned by the respondent are only those she gave birth to, not those she is raising.
Remember that the night before the Census day is the one between the 24th and the 25th of August, 2002.Therefore, all babies born after the night before the Census day should not be counted, though they will be in that household when your enumerating those in the household. For example, all children born after midnight in the night between August 24th and 25th, 2002 are not to be counted. This may happen when you are forced take more than a day to enumerate in your area.
The answers are to be given by all women age 12 and older without taking into consideration their marital status. Even if she is still in school or university, as long as she is 12 or older, she must be asked this question.
Note: Questions about births are to be answered by the respective woman, for she is the one who knows her birth history.
It is possible to meet women who do not want to give information about their children. There are different reasons that may lead to this situation, but make sure you get the correct information about the live births from that woman. If this situation arises, seek for help from the street/village chairman/sheha or any leader in that area.

Question 22: How many children have you given birth to who live in other places?
If a mother has children who live away from where you found her, write their total number differentiating between males and females and shading the corresponding spaces.
It must be stressed that if the children live near the mother's household (example in the same village), they should be considered as living away from the mother. If a woman does not have any male children who live away or doesn't have any children, write "00" and shade the corresponding space.
[Illustration for question 22 is omitted]
Note: Use two digits when filling the number of children.

E. Females aged 12 years and above
[Questions 28-32 were asked of females aged 12+]

Children ever born

29. How many male/female children were born alive to [the respondent] and are now living elsewhere?

Question 28 to 32 aims to understand the fertility trends in our communities, including child born alive but died [i.e., stillbirth and neonatal or perinatal deaths], and children born alive in the past twelve months and whether they're still alive.

For women aged twelve (12) to fifty four (54) years

For all children ever born

P23 How many children has name borne? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___

P24 How many are living in this household? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___

P25 How many are alive, but living elsewhere? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___

P26 How many are dead? (Write number, if none, write "00") male ___ female ___

Child Birth History
170. Questions P23 to P30, apply to All Women Aged 12 - 54 Years.
171. An answer is required of all women in this age category irrespective of whether or not they are married, whether or not they are still attending school, and whether or not they may have produced children.
172. If the person is male or is a girl aged 0-11 years, or a woman aged 55 years or more write "N/A" for Question P23 and leave the rest of the column blank.
173. We are concerned with the number of children a woman has borne alive. A child born alive is one who cries after being born, breathes or shows any evidence of life such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord or definite movement of voluntary muscles. Do not include stillbirths - that is children who are delivered when they were already dead.
174. Remember to use a two-digit code for all the questions in this section except P28 and P29 which require a one-digit code.
175. It is important that you speak to the woman herself. Some women may not be willing to give information about the exact numbers of children they have produced, if they know that some of them do not belong to their current husband and they are living somewhere else. The female herself will know about the children she has borne and will be able to answer the question more accurately than anyone else.
176. Ask questions P23 - P26 separately for male and female children.

Question P25: Children Living Elsewhere
Ask, "How many are alive but living elsewhere?"
181. Write the number of children living elsewhere. Use the same format as used in Question P23.

Part 1. Information on household members

KT6. Check Q3, Q4, and Q5 to define women aged from 10 to 49 (born since April 1969 to March 2009) then go to Q34; otherwise next person.

34. Have you ever given birth?

36. Of those you have given birth to, how many sons and daughters are living elsewhere?

Part V: Instructions on how to question and record information on the census form

Part 1: Information about members of the household
Part 1 of the Census form consists of 41 questions, numbered sequentially from Question 1 to Question 41.

The respondent is the head of the household or a person knowledgeable about members of the household. For information on employment and birth history of women, DTV needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and collect information. In addition, for other information about members of the household, if the head of the household or the information provider is not knowledgeable, DTV also needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and record the information.

Test 6 (KT6)
The test question is intended to identify female members of the household from 10 to 49 years old (female, born from April 1969 to March 2009) to ask Question 34; for the remaining cases, DTV asks the next person.

[p.68]

In case the month of birth cannot be identified (the month of birth in Question 4 is recorded as "98"), DTV proceeds to Question 34 for women born between 1970 and 2009.

Question 36: How many sons and daughters born to you are living elsewhere?
DTV records the number of sons and daughters born to DTDT not currently living in the same household with DTDT (living elsewhere or living in the same house/apartment with DTDT but eating separately). If there is no son or daughter born to DTDT not currently living in the same household as DTDT, DTV records "00" in 2 corresponding boxes (for electronic form, record "0").

In case the woman's children are under the management of the military or police and are living in the same household, by convention the children are counted as living elsewhere, DTV records information in Question 36.

Fertility (Own children ever born alive)
[Question F-1 to F-6 were asked of females 12 years and over]

F-1 Live birth
Have you ever had a live birth? (Including babies who dies after birth)

F-2 Age at first live birth
How old were you when you first had a live birth? ____

F-4
a. How many are still living with you? How many of these are male and how many female?
b. How many are living elsewhere in some other household? How many of these are male and how many are female?
c. How many died? How many of these are male and how many are female?

Chapter VI-Fertility

1. You are about to start a new topic so you have to prepare the respondent by informing her that you are now going to ask her questions about children and child bearing. Remember these are questions to be asked of female adults and not for husbands to answer for their wives, except where it is inevitable. Questions on fertility are to be asked only of those females who are 12 years old and over and they involve only their own children.

F - 4: Of the children born to you alive how many ...?
5. The number of male and female children ever born alive to this female is to be recorded separately in three different categories. These are: still living and still at home with the respondent (i.e staying in the same household with the respondent); still living but staying with some other households e.g other relatives, married off, in institutions e.t.c; 'and those who have since died (regardless of whether the death took place just after birth or much later in life).

45

6. If a woman is visiting, then the question of "still living with you should be asked with respect to her usual place of residence. That is about children she normally stays with. Enter the number of children as reported by sex in two digits e.g. 1 male child living with her = 01, 2 children = 02, 10 children = 10 and they should be entered into the respective boxes. If the answer is none enter 00, never leave a box blank except where there is a 'Go To instruction.

For Females 12 Years and Older ? Fertility
(Own children ever born alive)

27. Of the children born to you alive:
a. How many are still living with you? How many of these are male and how many are female?

b. how many are living elsewhere in some other household? How many of these are male and how many are female?

c. how many died? How many of these are male and how many are female?

5.8 Fertility: for females 12 years and older

You are about to start a new topic so you have to prepare the respondent by informing her that you are now going to ask her questions about children and child bearing. Remember these are questions to be asked of female adults and not for husbands to answer for their wives, except where it is inevitable. Questions on fertility are to be asked only of those females who are 12 years and older and they involve only their own children.

P29: Live Births
This is a child who, after being delivered showed signs of life, like crying, movement by involuntary reflexes, etc. If a child never showed any of these actions when it was born, then it was not a live birth. Married females tend to leave out children from earlier marriages. These are also supposed to be included for all the questions. Shade first box for YES and the second for No. If the answer is NO, skip to Question P-33.

P30: Of The Children Born To You Alive How Many....?
The number of male and female children ever born alive to this female is to be recorded separately in three different categories. These are

If a woman is visiting, then the question of "still living with you" should be asked with respect to her usual place of residence. That is about children she normally stays with. Enter the number of children as reported by sex in two digits e.g. if 1 male child is living with her shade 0 in the first column and I in the second column under male. If the answer is none, enter 00 and shade the 2 zeros in the two columns. Never leave a column blank.

Females 12 years and older
[Applies to questions 38-41]

Of the children born to you alive how many are?.?

P40. Living elsewhere?

4.19 Fertility: for females 12 years and older

You are about to start a new topic so you have to prepare the respondent by informing her that you are now going to ask her questions about children and child bearing. Remember these are questions to be asked to females 12 years and older and not for husbands to answer for their wives. Questions on fertility are to be asked only to those females who are 12 years and older and they involve only their own children. If the female is a usual member present or a visitor, fertility questions have to be asked to them personally. If they are not around, a call back has to be made until they are found and information is collected. If the enumerator cannot find the female respondent even after making at least three visits, the enumerator should inform the supervisor.

P-40: Of the children born to you alive, how many are living elsewhere?

This question is asking for the number of male and female children ever born alive to this female are staying with some other households e.g. other relatives, married off, in institutions etc.

Enter the number of children as reported by sex e.g. if 1 male child is living elsewhere, enter 1 in the box for male. If the answer is none, enter 0 in the box but if the number of male or female children is ten or more enter the two digits in one box according to sex. Never leave a box blank.

E- For women age 15-49 years
[Question 23 to 27 were asked of women age 15 to 49 years]

If yes, how many children born to (the respondent) were elsewhere on the census night?

Section E: For Women Age 15-49 Years
Introduce this section by saying, "Now I would like to talk to you about all the live births you have, (if you are talking to the respondent) or (the respondent) has had (if respondent is a proxy). The live births I want information on are about children born alive who live with you, live elsewhere and those who have died".

Information on live births (fertility) should be obtained for all women age 15 to 49 years. Information should be requested of all of them irrespective of the marital status, whether or not they are visitors, at school, or you think they have never given birth to any children.

Effort should be made to get responses from the women themselves and permission to do this should be obtained from the head of household. Where the woman concerned is not present, a proxy should be used to answer the question.

[pg. 35]

Definition of Live Birth: a life birth is one which results in a child that shows any sign of life irrespective of the time or the period within which these signs are manifested, e.g. crying, movement of limbs.

Before proceeding with the actual interview, identify all eligible women using the age of the woman. Lumping ages should be discouraged as it can be shown on the pyramid that the age distribution has been improperly entered.

How many children born to you (or name) were elsewhere on the census night?"
Record the number of males and females.

These are children who are still alive but are not living in the household, e.g. they may be staying with some relative; are at a boarding school; have been given up for adoption or are grown up children who have left the household.

Further probing might be necessary as these children are not members of the household.