Description

MIGPUMA1 indicates the person's Migration PUMA of residence 1 year ago within the United States.

A Migration PUMA may correspond to either one or multiple PUMAs, so the codes and extents for PUMAs of residence 1 year ago (in MIGPUMA1) and the PUMA (in GEO2_US) of current residence will differ.

Codes in Multi-Year Samples: In Multi-Year ACS files, the meaning of PUMA codes depends on the year the respondent was interviewed. Codes for 2011 and earlier responses are based on 2000 PUMA definitions, and codes for 2012 and later responses are based on 2010 definitions.

See the Geography and GIS page of IPUMS USA for greater details on Migration PUMA definitions, maps, and relationships to PUMAs

Comparability — General

MIGPUMA1 is available only for the 2005-onward samples. For samples from 2005 through 2011, the identified Migration PUMAs are the same as for the 2000 census. ACS samples from 2012 onward use Migration PUMAs based on the 2010 Decennial Census.

In other years, the Census Bureau designated other areas for analyzing place of residence 5 years ago:

• For 2000, the geographic unit is PUMA, and the analogous migration variable is MIGPUMA.

Universe

Availability

• United States: 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020