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STRATA is a 12-digit numeric variable.

Explore how IPUMS created this variable

Description

This variable is the strata identifier for the sample. The STRATA variable provides information about the sample design that can be used to improve estimation.

Comparability — General

In most samples, the STRATA variable captures implicit geographic stratification and is created by assigning a unique identifier to groups of between 10 and 19 adjacent households within low level. This method of strata creation is used for samples drawn by IPUMS International or by others using a systematic sampling method across geographically sorted records. The variable is constructed in a similar way for all samples listed as systematic samples and for which sufficiently low level geographic identifiers were available. The size of geographic areas within which the strata are created vary by country and sometimes by sample within country. Additional documentation is available on the Variance Estimation page.

Samples with strata variables to identify implicit geographic stratification:
Argentina 1980, 1991, 2001, 2010
Armenia 2001, 2011
Austria 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
Bangladesh 1991, 2001, 2011
Benin 1979, 1992, 2002, 2013
Bolivia 1976, 1992, 2001
Brazil 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000, 2010
Botswana 1981, 1991, 2001
Burkina Faso 1985, 1996, 2006
Cambodia 1998, 2004, 2008, 2013
Cameroon 1976, 1987, 2005
China 1982, 1990
Colombia 1964, 1973, 1985, 1993, 2005
Costa Rica 1963, 1973, 1984, 2000
Cuba 2002
Dominican Rep 1960, 1970, 2002, 2010
Ecuador 1974, 1982, 1990, 2001, 2010
Egypt 1996, 2006
Ethiopia 1984, 1994, 2007
Fiji 2014
Ghana 1984, 2000, 2010
Greece 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001
Guinea 1983, 1996
Haiti 1982, 2003
Honduras 1961, 1974, 1988, 2001
Indonesia 1971, 1976, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010
Iran 2006, 2011
Iraq 1997
Israel 1972, 1983, 1995
Italy 2001
Jamaica 1982, 1991, 2001
Jordan 2004
Kenya 1979, 1989, 1999, 2009
Kyrgyz Republic 1999
Liberia 1974, 2008
Malawi 1987, 1998, 2008
Malaysia 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000
Mali 1998, 2009
Mongolia 2000
Morocco 2004
Mozambique 2007
Nepal 2001
Nicaragua 2005
Pakistan 1973, 1981, 1998
Palestine 1997, 2007
Panama 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010
Papua New Guinea 1980, 1990, 2000
Philippines 1990, 1995, 2000, 2010
Poland 1978
Romania 1977, 1992, 2002, 2011
Rwanda 1991, 2002, 2012
Saint Lucia 1991
Senegal 2002
Sierra Leone 2004
South Africa 1996, 2001, 2007, 2011
South Sudan 2008
Spain 1991, 2001, 2011
Switzerland 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
Tanzania 1988, 2002, 2012
Thailand 1970, 2000
Togo 1960, 1970, 2010
Trinidad and Tobago 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2011
Turkey 1985, 1990, 2000
Uganda 1991, 2002
Ukraine 2001
Vietnam 1989, 1999, 2009
Zambia 1990, 2000, 2010
Zimbabwe 2012

Some samples provided by countries were drawn using other complex sample design methods. For countries that provided a strata variable with the source data, it is incorporated here.

Samples with strata variables provided by the country based on complex sample designs:
India 1983, 1987, 1993, 1999, 2004
Jordan 2004
Mozambique 1997
United States 2000
Uruguay 2006
Venezuela 1971

STRATA is not available for several samples. STRATA are not created for samples when geographic identifiers or other stratification information is missing or lacks sufficient detail to create strata identifiers.

Universe

  • All households

Availability

  • Argentina: 1980, 1991, 2001, 2010
  • Armenia: 2001, 2011
  • Austria: 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
  • Bangladesh: 1991, 2001, 2011
  • Benin: 1979, 1992, 2002, 2013
  • Bolivia: 1976, 1992, 2001
  • Botswana: 1981, 1991, 2001
  • Brazil: 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000, 2010
  • Burkina Faso: 1985, 1996, 2006
  • Cambodia: 1998, 2004, 2008, 2013
  • Cameroon: 1976, 1987, 2005
  • China: 1982, 1990
  • Colombia: 1964, 1973, 1985, 1993, 2005
  • Costa Rica: 1963, 1973, 1984, 2000
  • Cuba: 2002
  • Dominican Republic: 1960, 1970, 2002, 2010
  • Ecuador: 1974, 1982, 1990, 2001, 2010
  • Egypt: 1996, 2006
  • Ethiopia: 1984, 1994, 2007
  • Fiji: 2014
  • Ghana: 1984, 2000, 2010
  • Greece: 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001
  • Guinea: 1983, 1996
  • Haiti: 1982, 2003
  • Honduras: 1961, 1974, 1988, 2001
  • India: 1983, 1987, 1993, 1999, 2004
  • Indonesia: 1971, 1976, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010
  • Iran: 2006, 2011
  • Iraq: 1997
  • Israel: 1972, 1983, 1995
  • Italy: 2001
  • Jamaica: 1982, 1991, 2001
  • Jordan: 2004
  • Kenya: 1979, 1989, 1999, 2009
  • Kyrgyzstan: 1999
  • Liberia: 1974, 2008
  • Malawi: 1987, 1998, 2008
  • Malaysia: 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000
  • Mali: 1998, 2009
  • Mongolia: 2000
  • Morocco: 2004
  • Mozambique: 1997, 2007
  • Nepal: 2001
  • Nicaragua: 2005
  • Pakistan: 1973, 1981, 1998
  • Palestine: 1997, 2007
  • Panama: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010
  • Papua New Guinea: 1980, 1990, 2000
  • Philippines: 1990, 1995, 2000, 2010
  • Poland: 1978
  • Romania: 1977, 1992, 2002, 2011
  • Rwanda: 1991, 2002, 2012
  • Saint Lucia: 1991
  • Senegal: 2002
  • Sierra Leone: 2004
  • South Africa: 1996, 2001, 2007, 2011
  • South Sudan: 2008
  • Spain: 1991, 2001, 2011
  • Switzerland: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
  • Tanzania: 1988, 2002, 2012
  • Thailand: 1970, 2000
  • Togo: 1960, 1970, 2010
  • Trinidad and Tobago: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2011
  • Turkey: 1985, 1990, 2000
  • Uganda: 1991, 2002
  • Ukraine: 2001
  • United States: 2000
  • Uruguay: 2006
  • Venezuela: 1971
  • Vietnam: 1989, 1999, 2009
  • Zambia: 1990, 2000, 2010
  • Zimbabwe: 2012