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Brazil 2000 — source variable BR2000A_DISBLIND — Ability to see

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

4.11 How do you evaluate your ability to see? (If you use glasses or contact lenses, make your evaluation based on when you're using them)

[] 1 incapable
[] 2 severe permanent difficulties
[] 3 some permanent difficulties
[] 4 no difficulty

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Question 4.11 - How do you evaluate your ability to see? (If the person wears glasses or contact lenses, make your evaluation when he or she is wearing them.)

According to the declaration, mark:

1 - Unable - for persons who state they have been completely blind since birth or who have totally lost their vision due to disease or accident;
2 - Severe permanent difficulty - for persons who state they have great permanent difficulty to see, even with the use of glasses or contact lenses;
3 - Some permanent difficulty - for persons who state that they have some permanent difficulty in seeing, even with the use of glasses or contact lenses; and
4 - No difficulty - for persons who state they have no difficulty seeing, even if they must use glasses or contact lenses.

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Brazil 2010 — source variable BR2010A_DISSEE — Permanent difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

6. Resident characteristics

Disability - for all residents

6.14 Do you have any permanent difficulty in seeing?
(If you wear glasses or contact lenses, make your evaluation while wearing them)

[] 1 Yes, cannot do it at all
[] 2 Yes, major trouble
[] 3 Yes, some difficulty
[] 4 No, no difficulty

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

6.14 - Do you have a vision impairment?
(If using glasses or contact lenses, used them to determine sight)

Depending on the situation, record:

1 - Yes, not able to see: A person who declares himself/herself unable to see.

[page 198]

2 - Yes, has difficulty seeing: A person who has a permanent and/or great difficulty to see even with glasses or contact lenses.
3 - Yes, some difficulty in seeing: A person who has some difficulty seeing, even with glasses or contact lenses.
4 - No, can see very well: A person who sees very well, even if he/she needs to wear glasses or contact lenses.

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Cambodia 2019 — source variable KH2019A_DISBLIND — Having difficulty by seeing even if wearing glasses

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Form B household questionnaire part 2

Individual particulars
[This section except for questions 6 and 8 are to be completed by all persons]

[Questions 17-22 of this section are to be answered by persons aged 5 years and older]

17. Functional difficulty

17.1 Do you have difficulty seeing, even if wearing glasses?

[] 1. No -- no difficulty
[] 2. Yes -- some difficulty
[] 3. Yes -- a lot of difficulty
[] 4. Cannot do at all

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Indonesia 2010 — source variable ID2010A_DISBLND — Seeing (even when wearing glasses)

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

207. Does [the respondent] have difficulties in:

a. Seeing even when wearing glasses?

[] 1 No
[] 2 Some
[] 3 Total

b. Hearing even when using hearing aids?

[] 1 No
[] 2 Some
[] 3 Total

c. Walking or climbing stairs?

[] 1 No
[] 2 Some
[] 3 Total

d. Remembering, concentrating, or communicating with others because of a physical or mental condition?

[] 1 No
[] 2 Some
[] 3 Total

e. Take care of his/herself?

[] 1 No
[] 2 Some
[] 3 Total

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Question 207: Difficulty Carrying out Activities
The intention of this question is to obtain information about the number of disabled persons (functional disability) or those who have some difficulty in carrying out their day to day activities. Ask one by one how normal are the five physical and psychological functions of each household member to learn if they have difficulty: (a) to see, (b) to hear, (c) to walk, (d) to remember, to concentrate or communicate and (e) to take care of themselves.
Put a mark in one of the ovals for each item that indicates the level of difficulty: (1) None, (2) Some, or (3) Severe.

[Graphic illustrating example is not presented here.]

1. Seeing, even though eyeglasses are worn
A person is said to have difficulty seeing if at a distance of 30 cm and with sufficient lighting, he/she cannot see clearly shape, size or color. In the case where even though a person uses an aid (eyeglasses) he/she still has difficulty seeing, then this person is categorized as having difficulty. But, if a person using glasses can see normally, then that person is categorized as not having difficulty.
[p.118]

Those having difficulty seeing include:

a. Totally blind is the condition where there is no vision in either eye.
b. Low vision is the condition where both eyes cannot count the fingers that are being moved at a distance of 1 meter even though the person is wearing eyeglasses or there is sufficient light.
c. Color blind is the condition where both eyes cannot distinguish colors.

Note: If a person experiences difficulty seeing but doesn't wear eyeglasses, ask them how it would be if they were to wear glasses. If by wearing eyeglasses they would not have any difficulty seeing, then categorize this respondent as not having difficulty. On the other hand if the respondent still experiences difficulty when wearing glasses, ask the respondent the extent or degree of the difficulty.
2. Hearing, even though wearing a hearing aid
A person is said to have difficulty hearing if he/she cannot hear voices clearly, differentiate the source, volume and quality of sound and thus cannot respond to the sound properly. A person wearing a hearing aid, who can then hear normally, should not be categorized as having difficulty. Included in this category are those who have a disability in hearing.
Note: If a person has difficulty hearing but does not use a hearing aid, ask this person how it would be if they were to wear a hearing aid. If when using a hearing aid the person doesn't experience any difficulty hearing, then categorize this person as does not have difficulty. On the other hand if the person still has difficulty even though he/she uses a hearing aid, ask the extent or degree of difficulty.
[p. 119]
3. Walking or going up stairs
A person is said to have difficulty walking or going up stairs if he/she cannot walk normally for example going forward, backward, to the side, is unstable or has difficulty climbing stairs. Someone who must use an aid to walk or climb stairs is categorized as having difficulty.
4. Remembering or concentrating or communicating with others due to some physical or mental condition
A person is said to have difficulty remembering/concentrating if he/she experiences difficulty in remembering or concentrating. A person is said to have difficulty communicating if in face to face conversation, without there being anything such as a wall, loud music, something covering the ears, the person has difficulty understanding or can't converse at all due to some physical or mental problem. Included in this category are those who have difficulty hearing and speaking.
5. Take care of one's self
A person is said to have difficulty taking care of him or herself if he/she experiences difficulty with everyday activities such as eating bathing, dressing, going to the toilet, etc.

a. Difficulty eating refers to eating by one's self (being fed by someone else, difficulty using a spoon, fork for eating or difficulty drinking).
b. Difficulty taking a bath and cleansing one's entire body.
c. Difficulty dressing means taking the clothes from the place where they are stored, fastening the clothing [buttons, zippers, etc.], making a knot, etc.
d. Difficulty picking up or holding items (hands are weak, don't have all fingers).

[p. 120]
Select the answer "No" (code 1) if the household member does not have any difficulties. If the household member has difficulties, but can still carry out the activity, then select the answer some"(code 2). If the household member cannot carry out the activity or it is very difficult to carry out the activity, select the answer "severe"(code 3).
Be careful when asking questions about disabilities for babies and children under 5 years of age. For example, for the question about difficulties in taking care of themselves, babies and children under 5 normally are not able to take care of themselves; a baby or child under 5 is not considered to have a disability if he/she cannot take care of himself/herself. Babies and children under 5 of course are not yet able to take care of themselves without the assistance of their parents or others. This is also the case for Q207c and Q207d. A baby who is not yet 1 year old is normally not able to walk. However, if a baby is already 1 and a half years old and the development in walking is retarded or there is no development, then this child can be considered to have a disability. The extent of the disability is no disability, some disability, or severe relative to what is normal.
The purpose of question 207 is to know whether the household member is normal with regard to sight, hearing, walking/climbing stairs, remembering/concentrating/communicating, and taking care of himself/herself. The census only collects data regarding normalcy using observation, knowledge and admission of the household member. The scale used is not very precise. Nevertheless, the enumerator must thoroughly understand the intention of this question regarding difficulties or disabilities. No, some or severe difficulty of a household member is relative to what is considered normal.

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Laos 2015 — source variable LA2015A_DISBLIND — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

B. For all persons in the household

Do you have any difficulty with the following activities?

Q11. Seeing

[] 1. No difficulty
[] 2. Yes, some difficulty
[] 3. Yes, a lot of difficulty
[] 4. Cannot do at all

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Questions Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14, Q15, Q16: Do you have the following difficulties?
The purpose of the question is to know the difficulties in seeing, hearing, walking or moving, remembering or concentrating, self-caring, speaking, and communicating in the daily life of the household members (except in the case of injury that prevents movement from time to time).

The data collection is divided according to categories of disabilities as follows:

Q11: Visual disabilities:
Refers to people with abnormalities or difficulty seeing, even if they wear glasses, they still cannot see clearly, such as those who are blind in one or both eyes or people with blurred vision (people with abnormal vision). These people will need to use special equipment, such as wearing glasses regularly (excluding people who temporarily wear glasses for reading).

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Mauritius 2011 — source variable MU2011A_DISSIGHT — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Individual form

P12B. If [Yes] at P12A, state the severity of all applicable difficulties as follows:

A. Seeing even if wearing glasses

[] 1 Some difficulty
[] 2 A lot of difficulty
[] 3 Cannot do at all

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

6. Population census topics and their usefulness

P12A and P12B - Disability
The question provides information which is needed for the formulation and implementation of programs in support of the disabled (e.g. special education, employment and social aid).

8. How to fill in the Population Census Questionnaire

P12A and P12B - Disability
[figure omitted]
This question should be asked tactfully to obtain information as to whether the person has any difficulty to perform a daily-life activity (as listed at P12B - A to I) considered normal for his/her age. If the answer is "Yes", ask for the severity of all applicable difficulties as follows:

1. Some difficulty
2. A lot of difficulty
3. Cannot do at all

[figure omitted]
Shade the degree of severity for all applicable difficulties. If a difficulty is not applicable, leave the corresponding boxes blank.
If a person has reported that he/she is experiencing "I - Other difficulties" at P12B, specify the nature of the difficulty in the adjacent boxes.
[figure omitted]

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Mexico 2020 — source variable MX2020A_DISSIGHT — Difficulty seeing, even when wearing glasses

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

10. Disabilities: In day-to-day life, does [the respondent] have difficulty:

Read all options and circle one code for each option: for codes 2, 3, 4 or 5, apply question 11

Seeing, even when wearing glasses?

[] 1 No difficulty
[] 2 Little difficulty
[] 3 Great difficulty
[] 4 Unable to do it

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

15.3 Section III. People characteristics

In this section, information is obtained for each of the people living in the housing unit.

Before requesting data for each resident, copy the details from Section II. List people and general data, their names, gender, and age, and write them down in the spaces provided. Do not forget to correct the person number when using more than one questionnaire.

[Figure omitted: image with text]

For the respondent to know who to provide the information about, start with the sentence: "Now I'm going to ask you about...", and mention the name of the person you previously wrote down.

Apply questions 1 through 11 for all the people who are habitual residents, including children, as well as elderly people.

10. Disability
This question identifies the degree of difficulty people have in performing some activities in their daily lives, such as seeing, hearing, walking, remembering or concentrating, providing self-care, speaking, or communicating. Also, if they have any mental problems or conditions.

The question consists of two parts. The first part asks about the degree of difficulty in six activities of daily living. The second part identifies people who have a mental problem or condition.

[p. 309]

[Figure omitted: image with text]

To ask these questions, consider the following:

- Apply them to all people living in the housing unit.
- You must circle seven codes for each person.
- In infants and young children, there are cases in which congenital anomalies, illnesses, or injuries are detected that imply difficulties or limitations from birth or in the first years of life. If so, record the difficulty or limitation in the activity stated by the respondent, but if the respondent mentions that the child cannot perform some activity because they are still small, that is, it is typical of the growth stage of babies and small children, do not record it as a limitation. If in doubt, confirm each of the options with the respondent.
- If the person states that they have difficulties typical of an older adult, or that they have any disease or condition such as diabetes, cancer, or arthritis, among others, ask what limits them or prevents them from carrying out their daily activities according to the answer options indicated in the questions.
- In case the respondent anticipates the answer for one or all of the people in the housing unit, it is important that when recording the information corresponding to each one, you confirm whether or not they present some degree of difficulty for each of the activities indicated. Also, check for any mental problems or conditions by circling the appropriate code. Never record the response without confirming the information; this will ensure that the entire population with a limitation or disability is identified.

[p. 310]

- For the application of the first part, read the complete question with each of its six complementary options, as well as each of the four degrees of difficulty, wait for the answer, and circle a code for each type of activity.
- If the respondent expresses discomfort when you apply the DISABILITY question, even though they gave you a general answer for all the residents of the housing unit, make it clear that you have to ask the question for each of them, in order to identify the people with limitations or disabilities, without omitting any of them.

Activity limitations
Keep in mind that activity limitations are difficulties a person may have in performing certain tasks of daily living due to a health problem such as:

- Visual difficulties, to distinguish the shape, size, and color of a visual stimulus at short and long distances and even wearing glasses (frame, contact, or intra-ocular lenses), the person cannot see well due to the advanced stage of a disease or problem visual; as well as total loss and weakness of sight in one or both eyes.
- Hearing difficulties, in one or both ears and who, even using a hearing aid or implant, cannot hear due to the advanced stage of a disease or hearing problem, or those with total or partial hearing loss

[p. 311]

- Walking or mobility difficulties, going up or down steps or slopes using their legs, due to the total or partial lack of legs or immobility of them.
- Difficulties remembering or concentrating due to problems recalling, focusing, keeping attention, recording and storing information, as well as retrieving it when necessary; exclude those activities related to the process of growth or development of the child population (younger than 3 years old). Remember that they are the result of a birth or health condition.

[p. 312]

- Difficulties bathing, dressing, or eating due to problems in performing self-care tasks or limitations in washing, caring for their own body, dressing (includes taking clothes from where they are usually kept, buttoning, tying laces, etc.), eating and drinking, or taking care of their own health. It excludes those activities related to the growth or development process of the child population (younger than 3 years old).
- Communicating or speaking difficulties, are those problems in producing and transmitting messages through oral (spoken) language, such as expressing a fact or telling a story; it includes the loss or restriction of speech, as well as difficulties in maintaining and understanding a conversation. It excludes limitations related to the growth or development process of the child population (younger than 3 years old).

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Morocco 2014 — source variable MA2014A_DISBLIND — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Difficulties in carrying out everyday activities

For all members of the household, specify the degree of difficulty the person has in
[Questions 16 to 21 were asked of all household members]

16. Seeing

[] 0 Without difficulty (SD)
[] 1 Slight difficulty (DL)
[] 2 Considerable difficulty (GD)
[] 3 Unable to do so (IN)

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Myanmar 2014 — source variable MM2014A_DISBLIND — Disability seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

For all members of the household (1 through 18)
[Question 1 through 18 were asked of all persons living in the household.]

9. Disability: does [the respondent] have any difficulty...?

i. Seeing, even if wearing glasses

[] 1. No - no difficulty
[] 2. Yes - some difficulty
[] 3. Yes a lot of difficulty
[] 4. Cannot do at all

_ ii. Hearing, even if using hearing aid

[] 1. No - no difficulty
[] 2. Yes - some difficulty
[] 3. Yes a lot of difficulty
[] 4. Cannot do at all

_ iii. Walking, climbing steps, carrying items

[] 1. No - no difficulty
[] 2. Yes - some difficulty
[] 3. Yes a lot of difficulty
[] 4. Cannot do at all

_ iv. Remembering or concentrating

[] 1. No - no difficulty
[] 2. Yes - some difficulty
[] 3. Yes a lot of difficulty
[] 4. Cannot do at all

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Disability section

137. Disability serves as an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations or participation restrictions (ICF, 2005). While it is desirable to collect information on all aspects of disability, this aim cannot be achieved in censuses or even in surveys not dedicated to disability. However, tge census can be used to obtain data on selected aspects of disability.

138. Disability can be measured for a variety of purposes. Each purpose can be related to different dimensions of disability or different conceptual components of disability. Hence, there is a need for a clear link between the purpose of measurement and the operationalization of the indicators of disability.

139. In order to collect disability information, the questions to identify persons who are at greater risk than the general population of experiencing restrictions in performing complex activities (such as activities of daily living) or participating in roles (such as working) if no support were accorded to them. Measurements intended to identify this 'at risk' population represent the most basic end of the spectrum of activities (i.e. activities such as walking, remembering, seeing, hearing). This 'at risk' group would include persons with limitations in basic activities who may or may not also experience limitations in more complex activities and/or restrictions in participation. This in turn may depend on whether or not they use assistive devices or have a supportive environment.

140. The questions on disability ask about difficulties the person may have when doing certain activities, because of a health or other problem.

Objective: The purpose of the introduction is to get the respondent to focus on difficulties they may have that are the result of some physical or mental health problem. Since persons living in developing countries may not have access to modern medicine, which would provide a diagnosed 'condition', the term problem was substituted. However, the term "condition" can be interchangeably used with the term "problem" if that facilitates the respondent understanding the context. We are interested in establishing difficulties that occur within a health or social life context rather than those caused by a lack of resources.
Definitions: Health refers to the general condition of the body or mind with reference to soundness, vitality, and freedom from disease. Problem refers to the respondent's perception of a departure from physical, mental or emotional well-being. This includes specific health problems such as a disease or chronic condition, a missing limb, organ, or any type of impairment. It also includes more vague disorders not always thought of as health-related such as senility, depression, retardation, drug dependency, accidental injuries, etc.

141. Ask "does [the respondent] have difficulty seeing, even if wearing glasses?"

1. No - no difficulty
2. Yes - some difficulty
3. Yes - a lot of difficulty
4. Cannot do at
all
Objective: The purpose of this question is to identify persons who have vision difficulties or problems of any kind even when wearing glasses (if they wear glasses). They can have a problem seeing things close up or far away. They may not be able to see out of one eye or they may be only able to see directly in front of them, but not to the sides. Any difficulty with vision that they consider a problem should be captured.
Definition/s: Seeing refers to an individual using his/her eyes and visual capacity in order to perceive or observe what is happening around them.
Instructions: Note if the person is wearing glasses and make sure that they understand that the question refers to difficulties they may have while they are wearing their glasses.
The answer categories are set up so that the respondent can indicate 'yes', 'no' or that they cannot do it easily. However people aren't always sure how much difficulty is considered to be enough for a 'yes' answer. So they usually qualify their 'yes' with comments about their experience such as 'yes', I have a little problem or 'yes sometimes', or, when the problem is very serious, they indicate 'Oh, yes, a lot' answer categories try to capture that process. They may have to be repeated for the first one or two questions in order for the respondent to get familiar with the choices. The choices are same for the four questions on disability.

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Senegal 2013 — source variable SN2013A_DISSIGHT — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

B. Individual characteristics

The entire population
[Questions B16 through B28 were asked of all resident persons.]

Population aged 1 year or older.
[Question B21 through B26 were asked of all resident persons age 1 or older.]

B21-B26. The following questions pertain to difficulties which you may have in carrying out certain activities due to a health problem.

Enter the corresponding codes to the answer given (see the bottom of the page)

B21. Does [the respondent] have any difficulties seeing, even if he / she wears glasses

[] 0. No, no difficulties
[] 1. Yes, some difficulties,
[] 2. Yes, many difficulties
[] 3. not at all capable

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

4.2. Part B: individual characteristics

B21/26: set of short questions on disability recommended for the censuses (population aged 1 year and over)
The questions about disability issues have been greatly altered in relation to what previous censuses proposed. It is about Senegal aligning itself with the progress made in this area. The United Nations, through their experts on global statistics, created in the 2000s a group of experts, the Washington group, which developed a series of short questions for censuses and surveys according to the Basic Principles of Official Statistics. These questions identify the majority of those most at risk in the general population who have limited or restricted participation in public life. It is not a question of identifying the handicap or the cause of disability, the question is to identify the limitations of the respondent (and/or one of his or her family members) to have/potentially have difficulty in performing actions linked to their lifestyle and related functions: seeing, hearing, walking, having cognitive faculty, taking care of themselves, and communicating. These are the areas the questions included in the census questionnaire concern.
The questions to ask relate to the difficulties that the respondent or a family member may have in fulfilling certain tasks in a sustainable manner (6 months or more, in a recurring manner):

1) Do you have difficulty seeing, even if you wear glasses?

- The answer of a person who wears glasses and has no difficulties will then be codified by choice 0 on the PDA.
- On the other hand, the answer of someone who wears glasses and who still has difficulties in seeing must be codified in 1 or 2 depending on the degree of difficulty in seeing.

2) Do you have difficulty hearing even with a hearing aid?

- In the same vein: the response of a person with a hearing aid (it is a device in the ear) but who would still have difficulty hearing would be codified in 1 or 2 depending on the degree of difficulty.

3) Do you have difficulty walking or climbing stairs?
4) Do you have trouble remembering or concentrating?
5) Do you have any difficulties (in taking care of yourself) in performing activities like washing yourself or dressing yourself?
[p. 41]
6) Using your usual (common) language, do you have difficulty communicating, (for example, to understand or make yourself understood by others)?

Each question has four response categories:

0 No, no difficulty,
1 Yes, some difficulties,
2 Yes, lots of difficulties,
3 Not at all able to do it.

The severity scale is used in the response categories to identify the full range of functional domains ranging from the most benign to the most severe form. This is very important because we will have a full range of the respondent's capabilities.
NB: This question concerns the population aged at least 1 year.
On the PDA, you will choose the answer on a drop-down list.

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South Africa 2011 — source variable ZA2011A_DIFFSEE — Difficulty seeing

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Section C: General health and Functioning
Ask of everyone listed in the flap.

P-12 Health and functioning
Does [the person have difficulty in the following?
Write the appropriate code [number from 1 to 6] in the box.

_ A. Seeing even when using eye glasses
_ B. Hearing even when using a hearing aid
_ C. Communicating in his/her language (i.e. understanding others or being understood by others)
_ D. Walking or climbing stairs
_ E. Remembering or concentrating
_ F. With self-care such as washing all over, dressing, or feeding

1. No difficulty
2. Some difficulty
3. A lot of difficulty
4. Cannot do at all
5. Do not know
6. Cannot yet be determined

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

5. Section C: General health and functioning (remember to follow instructions)
Purpose: Helps to determine the number of people with disabilities in the country for planning and provision of services.

This section must be completed for every person listed on the questionnaire.

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South Africa 2016 — source variable ZA2016A_DISSIGHT — Difficulty in seeing

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3. Person information

[3.7] Household members

[3.7.3] General health and functioning
Now, I am going to ask you health-related questions.

[3.7.3.2] Does the respondent have difficulty seeing [even with glasses/contact lenses, if he/she wears them]?

[] 1 No difficulty
[] 2 Some difficulty
[] 3 A lot of difficulty
[] 4 Cannot do at all
[] 5 Do not know

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Suriname 2012 — source variable SR2012A_DISSIGHT — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Personal module

All persons (health)
[Questions P21a to P23 were asked of all persons about their health.]

P21a. Does this person experience difficulty / problems (with):

N.B.: The person has had (or is expected to have) the complaint(s) for at least 6 months.

Enter one of the following codes in each cell:

[] Tick this box if A to G = 1, 5, 7 or 9, and proceed to P22.

A. Seeing (even when using glasses)

[] 1 No difficulty / problems
[] 2 Some difficulty
[] 3 Much difficulty
[] 4 Not able to do this at all
[] 5 Doesn't apply, considering age
[] 7 Don't know
[] 9 No response

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Tanzania 2012 — source variable TZ2012A_DISSEE — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

B. All persons
[Questions 1-19 were asked of all persons.]

Disability

7. Seeing

Does [the respondent] have difficulty seeing, even if wearing glasses?

[] 1 No difficulty
[] 2 Some difficulty
[] 3 A lot of difficulty
[] 4 Unable to see
[] 5 Not applicable

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Questions 6 to 11 aim to get information on the disability status of people in the communities.
Is [the respondent] an albino, or has difficulty seeing, hearing, walking or climbing stairs, remembering or concentrating, caring for him/herself such as washing or dressing, has a cleft palate, has spinal befida, has spinal cord injuries, mental illness, or psoriasis?

Questions description
These questions aim to obtain information about disability status in the communities.
Answers on these questions will enable the nation understand how many people have disabilities and types of disabilities, and thus allow the nation develop sustainable programs for this special group in the community.

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Trinidad and Tobago 2011 — source variable TT2011A_DISSIGHT2 — Severity of seeing disability

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Section 3: Disability - For all persons

13(b). Disability status

Does the long standing disability prevent (N) [the respondent] from doing any of the following?
[Respondents indicate both the activity and its level of difficulty]

[] 01 Seeing even if wearing glasses?
[] 02 Hearing even if using hearing aid?
[] 03 Walking, climbing steps? (Moving/being mobile)
[] 04 Remembering or concentrating? (Learning)
[] 05 Gripping?
[] 06 Speaking and understanding because of a physical, mental or emotional health condition?

Level:
[] a. Yes - some difficulty
[] b. Yes - a lot of difficulty
[] c. Cannot do at all

Interviewer: Multiple responses can be shaded.

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Section 3 - Disability

3.1. Disability

Persons with disabilities are defined here as those persons who are at greater risk than the general population for experiencing restrictions in performing specific tasks or participating in role activities.

[p.12]

Data about impairments (problems at the level of organs and anatomical structures) is different from data about activity limitations (limitations on the capacity of a person to act or behave in a desired manner, because of a health condition), which again is different from data about participation restrictions (limitations in what a person does that result from an interaction between impairments or activity limitations and barriers created by the person's environment).

Short-term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded. Only disabilities lasting for at least six months or expected to last for more than six (6) months are to be included.

The following categories focus on whether the individual has any impairments:

(i) Seeing even if wearing glasses
(ii) Hearing even if using hearing aid
(iii) Walking or climbing stairs (Moving /being mobile)
(iv) Remembering or concentrating
(v) Gripping
(vi) Speaking and understanding because of a physical, mental or emotional health condition

Participation restrictions are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations. A participation restriction can be determined by comparing an individual's normal and regular involvement in activities with that expected of an individual without a disability.

The following categories focus on whether the individual has any participation/activity limitations:

(i) Taking care of himself/herself
(ii) Getting around within the home
(iii) Going outside the home
(iv) Working at a job or business.
(v) Undertaking educational activities
(vi) Participating in social activities

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Uganda 2014 — source variable UG2014A_DISSIGHT — Disability seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Section 1: Particulars of household members

For persons aged 2 years and above

P14 Does [the respondent] have difficulty seeing even if he/she is wearing glasses? (Refer to code list P14-P17)

[] 1 No - no difficulty
[] 2 Yes - some difficulty
[] 3 Yes - a lot of difficulty
[] 4 Cannot do at all
[] 7 Not applicable
[] 8 Don't know

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Uruguay 2011 — source variable UY2011A_DISSEE — Permanent difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Disabilities

The following questions deal with the permanent difficulties that the people can have with carrying out certain habitual activities due to a health problem.

43. Respond to the following questions:

Does [the respondent] have permanent difficulty with:

43.1 Seeing, even if using glasses or lenses (PerDi01)
(For everyone)

[] 1 Does not have any difficulty
[] 2 Yes, some difficulty
[] 3 Yes, much difficulty
[] 4 Yes, [the respondent] cannot do it

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

8.9 Disabilities

The objective of this module is to know the number of people that have some permanent difficulty seeing, hearing, walking, or learning, as well as the level of severity.

Disability is any limitation of activity and restriction in participation coming from a deficiency that permanently affects a person and his or her ability to become involved in daily life within his or her physical and social environment.

Activity is the completion of a task or action by a person.
Limitation of activity refers to the difficulty that a person could have in carrying out or performing daily activities and that originates in a deficiency (for example: seeing, hearing, walking, learning, etc.).
Restriction of participation refers to the problems that a person can experience when involved in vital situations, originating in a deficiency. For example with work, with learning, with recreation, etc.
Deficiency refers to problems with body functions or structures, such as a significant alteration or loss.

In order to consider that a person has a determined disability, the limitation of activity and the restriction of participation should be permanent and always originating from a deficiency, this referring to the field of health. This means that limitations and restrictions originating from socioeconomic or cultural factors.

The deficiencies, that should be part of or express a state of health, can include abnormalities, defects, losses, or any other deviation of body structures. They don't necessarily indicate that the individual has a sickness or should be considered sick. For example, the loss of a leg is a deficiency but not a disorder or a sickness.

Important: The difficulty or limitation of activity must be current, in other words, it must be affecting the individual at the moment of the investigation, and permanent, that's to say long lasting in time, affecting and expected to affect for a period of time greater than a year.

[p. 111]

Consequently, the short-term difficulties due to temporary, or transitory conditions such as fractures or sicknesses (for example, he or she does not walk because the leg is fractured and in a cast, he or she does not speak because of a sharp hoarseness caused by a cold, etc.) are excluded.

The options of response for the questions of the module are the following.

Yes, some difficulty
Yes, much difficulty
Yes, he/she cannot do it (see, hear, walk, learn)
Doesn't have any difficulty

Does he/she have permanent difficulty with seeing, even if using glasses or lenses?

This question applies to all people and seeks to understand if the person has a visual disability.

Formulate the whole question and only mark "yes" when the person, even with glasses on, does not see well or has difficulties perceiving the size, shape, or contour of objects at a normal distance.

In case of an affirmative response, consult about the level of said difficulty, recording the option that corresponds.

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Vietnam 2009 — source variable VN2009A_DISVIS — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

8. Check if the respondent was born before April, 2004 (5 years or older). [If yes, go to] Q9; otherwise, ask the next [person]
[Questions 9-16 were asked of persons age 5 or older]

11. Does [the respondent] have any difficulty:
If yes, how difficult is it? A little, very difficult, or unable.

a) Seeing (even if wearing glasses)?

[] 1 No difficulty
[] 2 A little difficulty
[] 3 Very difficult
[] 4 Unable

b) Hearing?

[] 1 No difficulty
[] 2 A little difficulty
[] 3 Very difficult
[] 4 Unable

c) Walking?

[] 1 No difficulty
[] 2 A little difficulty
[] 3 Very difficult
[] 4 Unable

d) Remembering or paying attention?

[] 1 No difficulty
[] 2 A little difficulty
[] 3 Very difficult
[] 4 Unable

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Question 11: Does [the respondent] have any difficulty when...?
This question aims at the collection of information on disabilities of the respondent. The question is divided into 4 sub-questions to ask the respondent of the four abilities of seeing (even if wearing glasses), hearing, walking, and remembering or attention concentration. Therefore the enumerator must ask each of the abilities individually (three dots in [...] will be replaced by each of the above-mentioned abilities when interviewing).

For example: firstly, the enumerator asks "Does [the respondent] have any difficulty when seeing, even if wearing glasses?" If the answer is "No", the enumerator marks (x) in the small box next to code "1" (no difficulty), and asks the second ability "Does [the respondent] have any difficulty hearing?" If the answer is "Yes", the enumerator asks the respondent, "How difficult is it: difficult, very difficult or unable?" Basing on the answer of the respondent in combination with looking at the respondent (if he/she is present), the enumerator marks (x) in the appropriate small box. After that, the enumerator will ask about the next ability. Continue as such until the last ability, "Remembering or attention concentration".

[Graphic example omitted]

Note: Generally, the determination of the level of disability of the above-mentioned abilities is done by the respondent him/herself. However, a person who is clearly disabled cannot be classified as "No difficulty" on the ability that the person faces the problem, even he/she has answered "No difficulty". For example: a man with a bad eye cannot be classified as "No difficulty", even he answered that "he views things normally". Similarly, if a leg of the respondent is truncated, then that man cannot be classified as "No difficulty" even he answered that "he walks normally", etc.

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Vietnam 2019 — source variable VN2019A_DISSIGHT — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Part 1. Information on household members

The next questions are about difficulties a person faces when performing certain activities due to health reasons.

13. Does [the respondent] have any difficulty with:

(If yes: How difficult is it? difficult, very difficult or completely unable)

a) Seeing (even if wearing glasses)?

[] 1 Not difficult
[] 2 Difficult
[] 3 Very difficult
[] 4 Unable

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Part V: Instructions on how to question and record information on the census form

Part 1: Information about members of the household
Part 1 of the Census form consists of 41 questions, numbered sequentially from Question 1 to Question 41.

The respondent is the head of the household or a person knowledgeable about members of the household. For information on employment and birth history of women, DTV needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and collect information. In addition, for other information about members of the household, if the head of the household or the information provider is not knowledgeable, DTV also needs to interview DTDT face-to-face and record the information.

Question 13: Does [the respondent] have any difficulty when [...]?
This question is intended to gather information about difficulties a person may encounter in performing certain activities due to health problems/long term health problems, including difficulties due to the effects of old age, but does not include difficulties due to the children being young or not yet proficient in taking care of themselves (help from adults).

DTV asks about the conditions and level of difficulty of each person and in turn according to each ability, including vision, hearing, walking up the stairs, memory, self-care, and communication. Therein:

-Vision, even with glasses: DTV asked about the conditions and level of difficulty of DTDT when seeing. In case people have difficulty and have to wear glasses, DTV asks if they still have difficulty when wearing glasses and if so, the level of difficulty.

-Hearing, even with a hearing aid: DTV asks about the conditions and level of difficulty of DTDT when hearing. In case people have difficulty and have to use a hearing aid, DTV asks if they still have difficulty when using a hearing aid and, if so, the level of difficulty.

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Zambia 2000 — source variable ZM2000A_DISAB — Any disability

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Special Group Population
15. Is any member of the household disabled in any way?
[] Yes (fill in Disability Supplement)
[] No

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

5.4 Disability

You are about to start a rather sensitive topic. Prepare the respondent by telling him/her that you are now going to start asking questions on disability.
A person with a disability is defined as a person who is limited in the kind or amount of activities that he or she can do because of the ongoing difficulties due to a long term physical condition, mental condition or health problem. Short term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded. Only disabilities lasting for more than six months should be included.

P15 Are You Disabled in any Way?
Find out whether this person is disabled and shade appropriately. If the respondent is not disabled, skip to P18.

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Zambia 2000 — source variable ZM2000A_DISBLIND — Complete loss of sight

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Special Group Population
15. Is any member of the household disabled in any way?
[] Yes (fill in Disability Supplement)
[] No

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

5.4 Disability

You are about to start a rather sensitive topic. Prepare the respondent by telling him/her that you are now going to start asking questions on disability.
A person with a disability is defined as a person who is limited in the kind or amount of activities that he or she can do because of the ongoing difficulties due to a long term physical condition, mental condition or health problem. Short term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded. Only disabilities lasting for more than six months should be included.

P15 Are You Disabled in any Way?
Find out whether this person is disabled and shade appropriately. If the respondent is not disabled, skip to P18.

P16 What is Your Disability?
Find out what disability the person has and shade appropriately. Also note that a person may have more than one disability. Shade all disabilities reported.

5.4.1 Types of Disability

a. Blind: Complete loss of sight.

b. Partially Sighted: Loss of one eye or poor sight but does not mean complete blindness.

c. Deaf: Complete loss of sense of hearing.

d. Hard of Hearing: Partial loss of sense of hearing, and not complete loss of sense of hearing.

e. Mentally Ill: Psychological disorder related to the individual's mental state or state of mind.

f. Ex-mental: Any person that has suffered from mental disorder before but is now rehabilitated/or medically treated/or is undergoing rehabilitation.
g. Mentally Retarded: Any individual that is either very slow to learn or has deficiency of mental intellect (slow in grasping things, difficulties in remembering things, very slow at responding).

h. Physically Handicapped: Any person with a physical abnormality relating to the loss of bodily limbs or any deformity in the bodily stature, eg, the epileptics and lepers.

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Zambia 2000 — source variable ZM2000A_DISVIS — Partially sighted

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

Special Group Population
15. Is any member of the household disabled in any way?
[] Yes (fill in Disability Supplement)
[] No

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

5.4 Disability

You are about to start a rather sensitive topic. Prepare the respondent by telling him/her that you are now going to start asking questions on disability.
A person with a disability is defined as a person who is limited in the kind or amount of activities that he or she can do because of the ongoing difficulties due to a long term physical condition, mental condition or health problem. Short term disabilities due to temporary conditions such as broken legs and illness are excluded. Only disabilities lasting for more than six months should be included.

P15 Are You Disabled in any Way?
Find out whether this person is disabled and shade appropriately. If the respondent is not disabled, skip to P18.

P16 What is Your Disability?
Find out what disability the person has and shade appropriately. Also note that a person may have more than one disability. Shade all disabilities reported.

5.4.1 Types of Disability

a. Blind: Complete loss of sight.

b. Partially Sighted: Loss of one eye or poor sight but does not mean complete blindness.

c. Deaf: Complete loss of sense of hearing.

d. Hard of Hearing: Partial loss of sense of hearing, and not complete loss of sense of hearing.

e. Mentally Ill: Psychological disorder related to the individual's mental state or state of mind.

f. Ex-mental: Any person that has suffered from mental disorder before but is now rehabilitated/or medically treated/or is undergoing rehabilitation.
g. Mentally Retarded: Any individual that is either very slow to learn or has deficiency of mental intellect (slow in grasping things, difficulties in remembering things, very slow at responding).

h. Physically Handicapped: Any person with a physical abnormality relating to the loss of bodily limbs or any deformity in the bodily stature, eg, the epileptics and lepers.

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Zimbabwe 2012 — source variable ZW2012A_DISBLIND — Totally blind

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14. Does (the respondent) have any of the following disabilities?

[Question was asked of all persons.]

b. Totally blind

[] 1 Yes
[] 2 No

Questionnaire instructions view entire document: text image

Section B: For all Persons
Begin by saying, "I would like information on ALL people who stayed at this household on the census night. This information is on the names of the persons, their relationship to head of household, their age and sex, survivorship of their parents etc. It is important that you give me as accurate information as possible about each person".

Q14 Disability
The intention here is to capture data pertaining to disability of a moderate to severe nature. The question should be asked to all persons.
Definitions:

a) Impairment: is any loss or abnormality of psychological or anatomical structure or function. (It refers to organs/systems of the body).

b) Disability: refers to any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a manner within the range considered normal for a human being (refers to the person and function).

c) Handicap: is a disadvantage for a given individual resulting from an impairment or disability that limits or prevents the fulfilment of a role that is normal (depending on age, sex, social and cultural factors) for that individual (limitations experienced by people with disabilities in their interactions with society.)

Example:

- Impairment: Paralysis of lower limbs after injury
- Disability: Inability to walk
- Handicap: Unable to get employment

Because there is no adequate transport, buildings are not accessible and potential employers do not wish to employ someone with a disability.

Impairment: Mild mental retardation
Disability: Difficulty learning
Handicap: Unable to attend school because teachers do not know how to work with children who are mentally retarded.

In Zimbabwe, the terms disability, impairment and handicap have been used interchangeably to refer to persons with disabilities. Reference has been made to children who are mentally handicapped, people who have visual impairment or people who are physically disabled. To the users, the meaning is only an exercise in semantics.

Classification of disability for Purposes of identification
Disability is difficult because it is not a well-defined condition. Different countries have used different definitions and census methodologies to come up with estimates of prevalence rates.
Developed countries have counted even those with minor disabilities as disabled while developing countries have only counted those that have moderate to severe conditions that need rehabilitation intervention. These are people whose conditions permanently prevent them from performing activities in a manner considered normal for human beings. A person may have minor impairment (e.g. amputation of two toes) but functions normally. Such a person is not considered disabled.

When identifying people with disabilities, the difficulties that they may have as a result of their conditions are classified as follows by World Health Organization:

a) Difficulty moving (physical disability)
b) Totally Blind
c) Difficulty seeing
d) Difficulty speaking
e) Deaf
f) Difficulty hearing
g) Difficulty learning/mental handicap
h) Chronic fits
i) Strange behavior/mental illness
j) Lack of feeling in hands or feet/leprosy
k) Albinism

For the 2012 Census, Zimbabwe will classify people with moderate to severe disabilities according to the same categories.

Explanation of Disabilities and Examples of Conditions That May Cause Disabilities

Condition:

b) Totally Blind

- Cannot see at all

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Zimbabwe 2012 — source variable ZW2012A_DISSIGHT — Difficulty seeing

Questionnaire form view entire document: text image

14. Does (the respondent) have any of the following disabilities?

[Question was asked of all persons.]

c. Difficulty seeing