Codes and Frequencies
Can't find the category you are looking for? Try the Detailed codes
Explore how IPUMS created this variable
Most IPUMS data transformations are performed using variable harmonization tables that specify how each value in the source data is recoded. Some variables also require programming logic in addition to the harmonization table. The harmonization documents for this variable are:
- Harmonization table
- No supplemental programming
- Instructions for interpreting harmonization documents
Description
SPEAKWELSH indicates whether the respondent could speak Welsh or if Welsh was the respondent's language of literacy.
Comparability — Index
|
GENERAL |
United Kingdom |
Comparability — General
SPEAKWELSH is available for countries with Welsh-speaking populations that made a specific effort to report Welsh usage.
Comparability — United Kingdom [top]
The 1991 sample includes persons who are able to speak, read, or write in Welsh. The 2001 sample identifies persons who are able to speak, read, write, or understand Welsh. The unharmonized source variables for the 1991 and 2001 samples retain these distinctions.
The 1971 sample includes an unharmonized source variable indicating whether the person was able to speak Welsh or Gaelic, without identifying them separately. Thus, this sample was not included in SPEAKWELSH.
The 1891 and 1911 samples for England and Wales contain unharmonized source variables that report languages spoken by respondents, but they are available only as a string variable and therefore not included in SPEAKWELSH.
Universe
- United Kingdom 1991: Persons age 3+ residing in Wales
- United Kingdom 2001: Persons residing in Wales, excluding non-resident students
Availability
- United Kingdom: 1901a, 1991, 2001
Loading...