Questionnaire Text

Argentina 1980 Costa Rica 2000 Kenya 2009 Peru 1993
Argentina 1991 Costa Rica 2011 Laos 2005 Philippines 1990
Argentina 2001 Cuba 2012 Lesotho 2006 Philippines 2000
Argentina 2010 Dominican Republic 1981 Liberia 2008 Philippines 2010
Bangladesh 1991 Dominican Republic 2002 Malawi 1987 Poland 1988
Benin 1979 Dominican Republic 2010 Malawi 2008 Rwanda 1991
Benin 1992 Ecuador 2010 Mali 1987 Rwanda 2002
Benin 2002 El Salvador 1992 Mali 1998 Rwanda 2012
Benin 2013 El Salvador 2007 Mali 2009 Saint Lucia 1991
Bolivia 1976 Ethiopia 1984 Mexico 1970 Senegal 1988
Bolivia 1992 Ethiopia 1994 Mexico 1990 Senegal 2002
Bolivia 2001 Ethiopia 2007 Mexico 1995 Senegal 2013
Bolivia 2012 Ghana 2000 Mexico 2000 Sierra Leone 2004
Botswana 1981 Ghana 2010 Mexico 2010 Sierra Leone 2015
Botswana 1991 Guatemala 1964 Mexico 2015 South Africa 2011
Botswana 2001 Guatemala 1981 Morocco 1982 Suriname 2012
Botswana 2011 Guatemala 1994 Morocco 1994 Tanzania 2002
Brazil 1980 Guatemala 2002 Morocco 2014 Tanzania 2012
Brazil 1991 Guinea 1983 Mozambique 1997 Togo 2010
Burkina Faso 1996 Haiti 1971 Mozambique 2007 Trinidad and Tobago 2011
Burkina Faso 2006 Haiti 2003 Myanmar 2014 Uganda 1991
Cameroon 1976 Honduras 1961 Nepal 2011 Uganda 2002
Cameroon 1987 Honduras 1988 Nicaragua 1971 Uganda 2014
Cameroon 2005 Honduras 2001 Nicaragua 1995 Uruguay 1963
Chile 1960 Indonesia 1971 Nicaragua 2005 Uruguay 1985
Chile 1970 Indonesia 1980 Pakistan 1998 Uruguay 1996
Chile 1982 Indonesia 1985 Panama 1980 Uruguay 2006
Chile 1992 Indonesia 1990 Panama 1990 Uruguay 2011
Chile 2002 Indonesia 1995 Panama 2000 Venezuela 2001
Chile 2017 Indonesia 2005 Panama 2010 Vietnam 2009
Colombia 1973 Jamaica 1991 Paraguay 1972 Zambia 1990
Costa Rica 1963 Jamaica 2001 Paraguay 1982 Zambia 2000
Costa Rica 1973 Kenya 1989 Paraguay 1992 Zambia 2010
Costa Rica 1984 Kenya 1999 Paraguay 2002
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Argentina 1980 — source variable AR1980A_ROOF — Outer covering of the roof
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B. Dwelling

4. Principle construction materials


A. The floors:

[] Tile or similar
[] Wood
[] Cement or permanent brick
[] Dirt
[] Other (loose brick, discarded materials, etc.)

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B. Dwelling

It is any housing fixed or mobile that has been built or adapted for housing persons. A house, apartment, trailer, tenant room, shack, hospital, and a room are all considered dwellings.


4. Predominant Material in the Construction: You will specify the predominant material employed in the construction of the floors, walls and roofs.
In case of doubt, you will consult with the occupants of the dwelling.

If in a section of the construction more than one material exists, you will only make reference to that used in the largest proportion. For example: If the roof is ¼ covered asphalt and ¾ metal sheets, only mark "metal sheets".

a) Of the floors: You will indicate the material that predominates, considering all the floors of the dwelling.

[The instructions refer to a graphic of the census form.]

b) Of the outside walls: Follow the instructions from part a).

[The instructions refer to a graphic of the census form.]

c) Of the outside cover of the roof: In constructions of more than one floor, you will indicate the covering that corresponds to the top floor only.


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Argentina 1991 — source variable AR1991A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
I. Characteristics of the dwelling for the only household or for the first household
[Questions 1-9]


[Questions 2-16 were addressed only in case of an occupied dwelling, with occupants present, per Question 1.]


5. What is the predominant material of the outer covering of the roof?

[] Tile, asphalt, or membrane.
[] Clay roofing tile
[] Metal sheeting
[] Cement fiber sheeting
[] Cardboard
[] Cane, wood (boards), straw with clay, straw
[] Other
[] Unanswered

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1. Characteristics of the dwelling for the only household or for the first household

How do we fill out question 1?
[The instructions refer to a graphic of the census form]
Simply registering the situation that we find, in accordance with the following chart:


5. What is the predominant material of the outer covering of the roof?


In questions 4-6 about predominant materials, we recognize information about the materials used in the construction of the largest part of the dwelling. "Predominant" is the material that is found in the largest portion. If two types of materials exist in the same proportion, we fill out the one of the largest amount. In apartment buildings the outside cover of the roof refers to the last floor.


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Argentina 2001 — source variable AR2001A_ROOF — Roof material
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[Questions 5-24 were asked in the case of households that occupied some structure, per question 4.]


8. What is the predominant material of the exterior covering of the roof?

[] Asphalt covering or membrane
[] Floor tile or flat stone (without covering)
[] Slate or tile
[] Metal sheet (without covering)
[] Fibrocement [asbestos] sheet or plastic
[] Cardboard sheet
[] Cane, board or straw with mud, only straw
[] Others

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Questions 5, 6, and 8: What is the main material of ... ?
In each of these questions, main means the material that is found in the greatest proportion in the floors, exterior walls, and exterior covering of the roof of the dwelling. If there are different materials in the same proportions, you should register the one that is of the better quality.


Question 9: Does the roof have a false ceiling or an interior covering?

Understood as false ceiling/interior covering is the covering on the inside of the roof of the dwelling, which can be: plaster, chalk, wood, sheets of expandable polystyrene, etc. The false ceiling is an additional insulation on the roof that serves the purpose of protecting the inhabitants from noises and bad weather.

When some/any of the rooms of the dwelling do not have false ceilings, you will register the predominant condition.


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Argentina 2010 — source variable AR2010A_ROOF — Roof material
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[Questions 3 to 19 were asked of inhabited households with persons present]


6. What is the predominant material of the exterior covering of the roof...

If the dwelling is part of an apartment building, you should consider the roof of the last floor on the building.

[] Asphalt coating or membrane?
[] Tile or clay tiles (without coating)?
[] Clay or clay tiles?
[] Metal sheeting (without coating)?
[] Fiber-cement or plastic sheeting?
[] Cardboard sheeting?
[] Cane, palm, boards, or straw with or without clay?
[] Other

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Questions 5 and 6


Every time that we speak of Predominant Material you should understand it to be the material that is found in the greatest proportion of the floors, exterior walls and exterior covering of the roof of the dwelling. If there are two types of materials in the same proportion, you should register the one that is of the better quality.
Remember that you should only mark one option.

Construction materials of the floors, walls, and roofs of the dwelling


Predominant material: element used in the construction of the floors, exterior walls and exterior coverings of the roof of the dwelling. The reference to "predominant" corresponds to the material that is found in the greatest proportion; if there are two types of materials with the same proportion, you will consider the one of the better quality.


Exterior covering of the roof: material of the roof that is observed from the outside of the dwelling. In apartments located in vertical constructions, the exterior covering of the roof is that of the last floor of the building.


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Bangladesh 1991 — source variable BD1991A_ROOF — Roof type
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5. Material of the roof:
[] 1. Straw/Bamboo/Polythene
[] 2. Tally/tin
[] 3. Cement

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5. Materials of the roof:
Similarly you don't need to ask the respondent about the materials of the roof of the same house. Just observe the materials of the roof of the house and mark the appropriate oval cell accordingly. If the main material of the roof is made of straw/bamboo or polythene then mark at (1), mark at (2) if the material of the roof is either tally or tin; mark at (3) if it is made of cement and concrete.

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Benin 1979 — source variable BJ1979A_ROOF — Roof material
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"Household - - Dwelling Unit" Questionnaire

B: Dwelling Unit

Characteristics of the dwelling unit

Specify the characteristics of the head of household's building by checking the appropriate box in columns (a) to (f). Indicate in the last column (g) the total number of rooms in which the household resides.

Type of roof

[] Roof tiles or sheet metal tiles
[] Concrete
[] Clay
[] Straws
[] Other
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B. How to fill out the form "Household- Dwelling unit"

Dwelling Characteristics

Column (a): Type of roof
The census agent must note the type of building or apartment in which the head of household resides and check the right box.


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Benin 1992 — source variable BJ1992A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Household dwelling unit characteristics

Nature of the roof (primary construction)

[] 1 Sheet metal
[] 2 Tile
[] 3 Clay
[] 4 Straw
[] 5 Other
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Characteristics of the household's dwelling unit

Column (5), (6), and (7): Type of roofs, walls, and floor
Observe the type of the roof, walls, and floor of the main building (head of household's building) of the dwelling unit and circle the numbers corresponding to the observed characteristics in the appropriate columns.
In all cases, mention the predominant material (i.e. the most used) in the case of buildings made with several materials.


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Benin 2002 — source variable BJ2002A_ROOF — Roof material
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Dwelling unit characteristics

(45) Nature of the roof (primary construction)

[] 1 Sheet metal
[] 2 Tile
[] 3 Clay
[] 4 Straw
[] 5 Slab
[] 6 Wood/Board
[] 7 Palm/Bamboo
[] 9 Other
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Columns (45), (46), and (47): Nature [type] of roofs, walls, and floor
Observe the type of the roof, walls, and floor of the main building (head of household's building) of the dwelling unit and circle the numbers corresponding to the observed characteristics in the appropriate columns. The options are:

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Benin 2013 — source variable BJ2013A_ROOF — Roof materials
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Dwelling Unit Characteristics
[Questions 43-56 were asked of all households]

48. Nature of the roof - Primary construction material used

[] 1 Sheet metal
[] 2 Tile
[] 3 Clay
[] 4 Straw
[] 5 Slab
[] 6 Wood, board, or bamboo
[] 9 Other (specify) ____
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Section 4: Habitation Characteristics

This section gives information on the characteristics of the household's lodging.

In the case where a more than one questionnaire is used for the household, the answers to the questions on the habitation's characteristics shall only be noted on form number 1 used for the household.

48. Main roof type

This is the main construction of the habitation unit.

The modality codes for this variable are:

[] 1. Metal sheet
[] 2. Tile
[] 3. Clay
[] 4. Straw
[] 5. Slab
[] 6. Wood/board/bamboo
[] 9. Other [specify]

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Bolivia 1976 — source variable BO1976A_ROOF — Roof
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3. Predominant materials in the dwelling
[Question 3 was asked of persons in private dwellings, per Question 1.]


3.1 Roof

[] 1 Corrugated iron (Calamina)
[] 2 Tiles (cement, clay, fibro-cement, etc.)
[] 3 Reinforced concrete slab
[] 4 Straw, cane, palm
[] 5 Others (specify) ____

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Question 3. Predominant materials in the dwelling

Write down with what materials are built:
The roof of the building (where the dwelling is found),
The exterior walls, and
The floor of the dwelling.


The following information is given in the rural manual:


3.1 Roof

1. Corrugated iron
2. Tiles
3. Concrete slabs
4. Straw, cane, palm
5. Others. Mark this box if the roof of a dwelling is built with planks of wood, or waste materials


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Bolivia 1992 — source variable BO1992A_ROOF — Roof material
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4. Roof
[Question 4 was asked of persons in occupied private dwellings, per Questions 1 and 2.]

[] 1 Zinc sheeting or planks
[] 2 Tiles (cement, clay, fibrocement, etc.)
[] 3 Reinforced concrete slab
[] 4 Straw, cane, palm
[] 5 Others (specify) ____

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Predominant materials in the dwelling

The next three questions refer to three parts of the dwelling: the walls, roof, and floors.

In each case, mark the appropriate code for the predominant material in the dwelling.


Question 4. Roof

1. Corrugated iron or sheets [of metal].When the majority of the roof is made of corrugated or flat metallic sheets.

2. Tiles (cement, clay, fibro-cement, etc.).Covering of flat or wavy plates made of cement, clay, or some similar material.

3. Reinforced concrete slab. When the building covering is made of cement and iron, generally in the form of a horizontal, inclined, or terraced sheet and which integrates the structure of the building.

4. Straw, cane, or palm leaves.Roof made with this type of vegetation. It is usually found in rural areas.

5. Others. Roof made with planks, boards, waste materials or other things. In this case, specify.


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Bolivia 2001 — source variable BO2001A_ROOF — Roof material
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[Questions 6 to 26 were asked of persons who lived in occupied private dwelling and were present at the time of enumeration, per Questions 4 and 5.]


8. What is the construction material most frequently used in the roof of this dwelling?

[] 1 Zinc sheeting or planks
[] 2 Tiles (cement, clay, cement fiber)
[] 3 Reinforced cement
[] 4 Straw, cane, palm, clay
[] 5 Other

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Chapter C. Characteristics of dwellings with inhabitants who are present


Question 8. What is the most-used material in the roof of this dwelling?

The question is presented and the answer is recorded by filling in the corresponding oval.


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Bolivia 2012 — source variable BO2012A_ROOF — Main material of roofs
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Chapter B. Main characteristics of the dwelling

5. What is the main material used in the roofs of this dwelling?

[] 1 Corrugated metal or sheet metal
[] 2 Clay roof tile, cement roof tile, fiber cement
[] 3 Reinforced concrete slab
[] 4 Straw, palm, reed, mud
[] 5 Other
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Chapter B. Main characteristics of the dwelling

Main construction materials used in building the dwelling
3. Main construction material used in the exterior walls
It refers to primary construction material of the walls of the exterior or outline of the dwelling. Exclude any fences or perimeter walls around it. Mark the appropriate circle or bubble.
4. Plaster on the interior walls of the dwelling
Mark the appropriate circle or bubble.
5. Main construction material used in the roofs
Mark the appropriate circle or bubble.
6. Main construction material used in the floors
Mark the appropriate circle or bubble.


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Botswana 1981 — source variable BW1981A_ROOF — Material of roof construction
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Section D
[Questions 1 through 15 were asked of private dwelling]

9. Materials of construction of the roof

[] 1 Concrete/brick/tiles/slate
[] 2 Asbestos
[] 3 Iron/zinc/tin
[] 4 Thatch
[] 5 Others
[] 6 None
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Housing conditions

Columns [H9, H10 and H11] material of construction

This question refers to material of construction of the building where you are enumerating. If it is a lolwapa it is sufficient if you obtain information about the material of construction of the main unit-'main house' of the lolwapa. You can by observation obtain the right answer to H9, H10 and H1, if in doubt ask . Enter appropriate codes in the boxes provided.

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Botswana 1991 — source variable BW1991A_ROOF — Material used for construction of the roof
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Section E
[Housing]

(Circle response)

Ask for the material used for the construction of this housing unit (if Lolwapa, take main house)

12. Material used for construction of the roof

[] 1 Concrete/slate/blocks/tiles
[] 2 Asbestos
[] 3 Iron/zinc/tin
[] 4 Thatch
[] Other (specify) ____
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Column E12: Roof

Observe the material of construction for the roof and circle the appropriate code:

1 Concrete/Blocks/Tiles/Slate
2 Asbestos
3 Iron/Zinc/Tin
4 Thatch
Other (specify)

If none of the above applies, write the name of the material in the space below the codes.


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Botswana 2001 — source variable BW2001A_ROOF — Material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
E13. Material used for construction of the roof

[] 1 Slate
[] 2 Thatch/straw
[] 3 Roof tiles
[] 4 Corrugated Iron/Zinc/Tin
[] 5 Asbestos
[] 6 Concrete
[] Other (specify) ____
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143a. Columns E12/E13/E14: Material of Construction of Main Housing Unit

These questions refer to the material of construction of the housing unit (the floor, the walls and the roof) where you are enumerating.

If it is a lolwapa having more than one "sleeping" hut or house, obtain information about the material of construction of the main unit - the "main house" - which will usually be the one used by the head of the household.

If the housing unit is a room, it is the material for the room that is required and this is usually the same as the material for the house.

If more than one type of material is used, e.g. zinc and thatch for the roof, enter the one that has been used for the greater part of the roof.

146. Column E14: Roof

Observe the material of construction for the roof and circle the appropriate code:

[] 1 Slate
[] 2 Thatch/straw
[] 3 Roof tiles
[] 4 Corrugated iron/zinc/tin
[] 5 Asbestos
[] 6 Concrete
[] Other (Specify)____

If none of the above applies, write the name of the material in the space below the codes.


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Botswana 2011 — source variable BW2011A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
E. Household Information

Housing unit

[Ask for material of construction of the main house for the household]

13. Roof

[] 1 Slate
[] 2 Thatch / straw
[] 3 Roof tiles
[] 4 Corrugated iron / zinc / tin
[] 5 Asbestos
[] 6 Concrete
[] Other (specify) ________
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187. Columns E8-E13: Housing unit
These questions relate to the housing unit occupied by the household you are enumerating. A housing unit is the unit of accommodation for a household. You will usually be able to answer some of these questions yourself simply from observation. However, if in doubt, ask, and then circle the most appropriate answer code. Note that in each of these columns you are to circle only one code. The relevant portion of the sample questionnaire is shown on page 82.

191. Columns E11/E12/E13: Material of construction of main housing unit
These questions refer to the material of construction of the main housing unit (the floor, the walls and the roof) where you are enumerating.

If it is a lolwapa/dwelling having more than one "sleeping" hut or house, obtain information about the material of construction of the main unit - the "main house" - which will usually be the one used by the head of the household.

If the housing unit is a room, it is the material for the room that is required and this is usually the same as the material for the house.

If more than one type of material is used, e.g. zinc and thatch for the roof, enter the one that has been used for the greater part of the roof.

193. Column E13: Roof
Observe the material of construction for the roof and circle the appropriate code.

1. Slate
2. Thatch/straw
3. Roof tiles
4. Corrugated iron/zinc/tin
5. Asbestos
6. Concrete
7. Other (specify)

If none of the above applies, write the name of the material in the space below the codes.


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Brazil 1980 — source variable BR1980A_ROOF — Roof
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(The following questions are only for permanent private households)


5. Roof

[] 1 concrete slab
[] 2 clay tiles
[] 3 asbestos tiles
[] 4 zinc
[] 5 wood
[] 6 straw
[] 7 scraps of material
[] 0 other

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Question 5 - Roof

Mark one of the boxes according to the material predominantly used in the roof of the dwelling:
Concrete slab - when a concrete slab that is pre-fabricated or fabricated on site is used, and in dwellings in buildings with floors separated by concrete slabs;
Clay tiles - when built of any type of baked clay roof tiles;
Cement-asbestos tiles - when cement-asbestos, asbestos-wood or aluminum-wood are used;
Zinc - when zinc or tin plate roof is used;
Wood - when finished wood is used as roofing;
Straw - when built of sape grass, leaves or shells from plants;

[p. 34]

Scrap material - when material from crates or boxes, plywood boards, etc. has been used. Material intended for roofs but already used in the past is not considered scrap material.
Other - when material that does not fit into any of the above categories has been used.

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Brazil 1991 — source variable BR1991A_ROOF — Roof
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4. Roof
[] 1 concrete slab
[] 2 clay tiles
[] 3 cement- asbestos tiles
[] 4 zinc
[] 5 close-fitting wood
[] 6 straw
[] 7 found material
[] 8 other

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Question 4 - Roof
Mark one of the boxes according to the material predominantly used in the roof of the dwelling:
1 - Concrete slab - when a concrete slab that is pre-fabricated or fabricated on the site is used, and in dwellings in buildings with floors separated by concrete slabs;

[p. 45]
2 - Clay tiles - when built of any type of baked clay roof tiles;
3 - Cement-asbestos tiles - when cement-asbestos, asbestos-wood or aluminum-wood are used;
4 - Zinc - when zinc or tin plate roof is used;
5 - Wood - when finished wood is used as roofing;
6 - Straw - when built of sap grass, leaves or shells from plants;
7 - Scrap material - when material from crates or boxes, plywood boards, etc. has been used. Material intended for roofs but already used is not considered scrap material.
8 - Other - when material that does not fit into any of the above categories has been used.


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Burkina Faso 1996 — source variable BF1996A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
III. Housing Characteristics


H4. Type of roof

[] 1. Concrete
[] 2. Sheet metal
[] 3. Tiles
[] 4. Clay
[] 5. Sand
[] 6. Other


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Burkina Faso 2006 — source variable BF2006A_ROOF — Type of roof
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H6. Type of roof
[] 1. Concrete
[] 2. Sheet metal
[] 3. Tiles
[] 4. Clay
[] 5. Thatch
[] 0. Other


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Cameroon 1976 — source variable CM1976A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

30) What material is the roof?
[]1 Hard Cement
[] 2 Tile
[] 3 Earth
[] 4 Mats, thatch or leaves
[] 5 Other

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Questions on housing

Columns 28 to 36:

To answer these questions on housing, in each column circle the number of the characteristic corresponding to the structure and the housing unit which you are visiting. Only circle one number per column.

[Example omitted]


If the structure is a religious structure, you additionally mark the number of accommodations of the concession in column 28.

If it is a religious space, the physical characteristics to reveal are those in the main accommodation (materials of the walls, the roof, floor, and lighting). Yet, the number of rooms to mark in column 32 is the total number of rooms used by the household, all accommodations included. As such, in the case of a religious space composed only of round accommodations/huts, the number of rooms (column 32) is most frequently equal to the number of accommodations (column 28).


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Cameroon 1987 — source variable CM1987A_ROOF — Main material of roofs
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Questions on housing

Circle the appropriate number where applicable: in the case of a compound occupied by only one household, take the characteristics (except for the number of rooms) of the main house.


H3. Main material of roof

[] 1 Hard (cement)
[] 2 Sheet metal or tile
[] 3 Earth
[] 4 Leaf, thatch, mat
[] 5 Others

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Filling in page 4.
Begin by filling in the space reserved for questions concerning housing and then fill in the space for deaths.
This page is completed only as concerns the first questionnaire used in the household.


1) Space for questions concerning housing. In this column, encircle only one number.
Example : The household is living in a modern villa, column H 1, encircle No. 3.
1 - Isolated house
2 - House with many self-contained flats
3 - Modern villa
4 - Apartment story building
5 - Compound or saré
6 ? Other

If the housing unit is a compound or saré, the numbers to be encircled are those corresponding to the characteristics of the main house as concerns the materials used for the walls, roof, floor, type of lighting system, water supply, source of energy for the kitchen, type of toilet. However, the number of rooms to be written in column H10 is the total number of room used by the household in all the housed that make up the compound or saré.
The rooms to be taken into account are the bedrooms, sitting rooms, the dining rooms, rooms for house servants and kitchen; do not count corridors, verandahs, lobbies, bathrooms, toilets, rooms for professional practice such as lawyer's chambers, doctor's consultation room, tailoring workshop, street stalls, etc.
If a room is used by two or more households (examples: kitchens, dining rooms, etc.), record it in the name of one household and do not count it for any other household.
If in a housing unit you note many characteristics for the materials, record the main one:
Example: a mud wall plastered with cement (half concrete), record 6 ? mud


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Cameroon 2005 — source variable CM2005A_ROOF — Roof material
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49. Material of the roof
[] Zinc
[] Cement or concrete
[] Thatch, grass, straw
[] Tiles
[] Earth
[] Other

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49. Main material of roof
The codes of the terms for this variable are:
1-Sheet metal
2-cement
3-straw/thatch
4-tiles
5-earth
6-Other to specify


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Chile 1960 — source variable CL1960A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

b) Roof covering

Material
[] 1 Zinc, copper, or galvanized iron
[] 2 Clay or cement roof-tile
[] 3 Asbestos/Cement boards
[] 4 Wooden tile
[] 5 Tar corrugated paper sheets
[] 6 Reeds stick-and-mud, cardboard, tin or wood waste material
[] 7 Other material


Condition
[] 1 Very good
[] 2 Acceptable
[] 3 Poor

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Roof covering

a) Zinc, copper, or galvanized iron. Sheets of various dimensions whose general characteristic is undulation or corrugation. The sheets of galvanized iron, zinc, and slate are a whitish gray. The galvanized steel, when it is rusty, is dark red or brown. The enumerator must be careful not to confuse these sheets with phonolite sheets, which will be defined later on. In other cases, iron, zinc, and copper sheets are flat with joints that stick out every eighty centimeters following the slope of the roof.

b) Clay or cement roof tiles. The tiles have dimensions no larger than twenty by thirty centimeters; they can be curved or flat. The normal color of the cement tiles is red or gray and the clay tiles have the characteristic brick color, specific to baked clay.

[p. 26]

c) Wooden tiles. Generally made of reddish-brown larch wood. The apparent size of each tile is ten by twenty centimeters. These roofs are characterized by the steep slope that they need for water drainage.

d) Phonolite. Phonolite is a small sheet of black, corrugated tar paper.

e) Reeds, cane and mud, cardboard, waste material composed of tin or wood. All of these materials can be recognized upon sight and generally are part of improvised roofs of bad quality.

f) Others. Because of their small number, terraces and flat roofs will be grouped under this category. Three types will be distinguished:
i) Tiled terraces, that are generally in modern buildings
ii) Flat roofs, black, also found in modern buildings and houses
iii) The system of roofs commonly used in the Great North (Norte Grande) of the country, also called a terrace, which is a flat, wooden platform covered with mud and any other material that fundamentally keeps out the heat.

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Chile 1970 — source variable CL1970A_ROOF — Roof
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3. Predominant material and condition of the dwelling


B. Roof covering


Construction material

[] 1 Sheet (zinc, copper, aluminum, slate), cement or clay tile, wooden tile, waterproof ceramic
[] 2 Tar corrugated paper sheets, clay-covered straw
[] 3 Waste material (tin, cardboard box, and/or various other waste materials)
[] 4 ____ Other materials (specify)

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B. Roof covering (roof)


Building Materials

1) Sheets of zinc; copper; aluminum; slate; clay or cement roof tiles; wooden tiles; waterproofed paving stone.

Sheets of zinc, copper, or aluminum: Are sheets of variable dimensions that can be undulating, corrugated, or also flat, with joints [balletas] that stick out approximately every 80 cm following the slope of the roof. In the case of zinc or aluminum sheets, they are a whitish gray; when they are rusty they are dark red or brown and in the case of copper sheets, they acquire a grayish-green color.

Slate: These are sheets of variable dimensions that can be undulating or corrugated, of a gray color similar to that of cement. They are fragile and breakable when struck.

Clay or cement roof tile: Are no bigger than 20 by 30 cm; can be curved or flat. The normal color of cement tile is red or gray.

Wooden tile: It is generally made of reddish-brown larch wood. The apparent size is 10 by 20 cm. These roofs are characterized by the steep slope that they need for water drainage.

Waterproofed paving stone: This is a roof covering which, on sight, appears to be generally flat and black in color or made of small stones and which is found on modern houses. Tiled terraces also possess this type of roof covering.

2) Phonolite; cane and clay; reeds

Phonolite: This is a small sheet of black, corrugated tar paper.

Reeds, and cane and clay: These materials can be recognized on sight and are characterized by their short duration.

3) Waste Materials: (tin, cardboard and/or various waste materials). These materials can be recognized without difficulty and are characterized by their poor, improvised quality. Generally, tin, cardboard, etc. is used.

[p. 27]

4) Other materials: Indicate any other material not previously mentioned in this item by writing the name of the material here.


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Chile 1982 — source variable CL1982A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Only for occupied dwellings [applies to questions 3 to 7]


3. What is the predominant construction material of the dwelling?


B. Roof covering

[] 1 Zinc, copper, or galvanized iron
[] 2 Slate
[] 3 Tile
[] 4 Wooden tile
[] 5 Tar corrugated paper sheets
[] 6 Flat straw
[] 7 Other material (specify)

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Questions 3 through 16 will only be asked for occupied private dwellings.

What is the predominant construction material?

Specify the predominant construction material used in the construction of exterior walls, roofs, and floors. When in doubt, consult with the occupants of the dwelling. If more than one material was used in the construction, reference only the one used in greatest proportion. For example, if the roof has 1/4 slate covering and 3/4 tiles, mark only "Tiles."

A. In the exterior walls?: indicate the predominant material, taking into account all of the exterior walls of the dwelling.

B. In the roof covering?: do as in the previous case. For buildings more than one story tall, indicate the covering of the building's roof.

C. In the floor?: indicate the predominant material, taking into account all of the floors of the dwelling.

[The above directions refer to a picture of question 3 in this section of the enumeration form.]

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Chile 1992 — source variable CL1992A_ROOF — Roof main material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Only for private, occupied dwellings with people present (applies to questions 3 through 16)


B. In the roof covering

[] 1 Zinc
[] 2 Concrete tile
[] 3 Slate
[] 4 Tiles
[] 5 Wooden tiles
[] 6 Tar corrugated paper sheets
[] 7 Clay-covered straw
[] 8 ____ Other materials (specify)

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

4. The predominant construction material is:

Specify the predominant construction material used in the construction of exterior walls, roofs, and floors. When in doubt, consult with the occupants of the dwelling. If more than one material was used in the construction, reference only the one used in greatest proportion. For example, if the roof has 1/4 slate covering and 3/4 tiles, mark only "Tiles."

A. In the exterior walls: Indicate the predominant material, taking into account all of the exterior walls of the dwelling.

B. In the roof covering: Do as in the previous case. For buildings more than one story tall, indicate the covering of the building's roof.

C. In the floor: Indicate the predominant material, taking into account all of the floors in all the rooms in the dwelling.

[The above directions refer to a picture of question 4 in this section of the enumeration form.]

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Chile 2002 — source variable CL2002A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Only for private, occupied dwellings with people present [applies to questions 3 to 16]

B. In the roof covering:

[] 1 Tiles (clay, metallic, cement)
[] 2 Tiles (wood, asphalt)
[] 3 Concrete slabs
[] 4 Zinc
[] 5 Slate
[] 6 Fiberglass
[] 7 Tar corrugated paper sheets
[] 8 Straw with clay
[] 9 Waste material (tin, cardboard, plastic, etc.)
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

[Questions 3 through 16: Only for private dwellings which are occupied with people present.]


Question 4

Construction materials allow us to define the actual conditions of Chilean dwellings. The following questions are asked:

4a. Exterior walls [An arrow points to a picture of an exterior wall.]
4b. Roof [An arrow points to a picture of a roof.]
4c. Floor [An arrow points to a picture of a floor.]

Question 4a. Exterior Walls

When more than one material is used, you should mark the most used, the predominant material. You should only fill in one oval. [These instructions refer to a graphic of question 4a on the census form.]

[p. 31]

Question 4b. Roof

In the case of an apartment, you should ask about the roof of the last [i.e., the uppermost] floor of the building. [These instructions refer to a graphic of question 4b on the census form.]

Questions 4b (Roof) and 4c (Floor)

Please: Remember to fill in only the oval with the type of material that the informant considers the most used. [Two arrows point to graphics of questions 4b and 4c on the census form.]


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Chile 2017 — source variable CL2017A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
B. Housing unit characteristics

3. What is the main construction material...

3.b. [Construction material] of the roof?
[] 1 Tiles (clay, metallic, cement, wood, asphalt or plastic)
[] 2 Concrete slabs
[] 3 Metallic sheets (zinc, copper, etc) or fiber cement (Pizarreño type)
[] 4 Phonolite or tarred felt
[] 5 Straw, thatch, cattail or cane
[] 6 Poor construction materials (tin, cardboard, plastic, etc.).
[] 7 No solid roofing
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Questionnaire section B: "housing unit characteristics"
[Questions 1 and 2, housing unit type]
In this part of the questionnaire, information about the housing unit that you are recording is entered. The first two questions are by observation; only in cases where there are no persons present in the housing unit should you check with neighbors as to whether it is occupied or vacant.
[Figure omitted, group of images to use as a reference for type of housing unit]
Remember that you can go back to review the definition of privately-owned housing unit and collective unit on pages 21 and 22.

Continue filling out the questionnaire following each of the following instructions:
[Question 3, housing unit main construction materials]
On each question with a question mark (?), you must wait for a spontaneous response form the informant and then mark the alternative that the informant indicates to you.
[Figures omitted, the first figure shows question 3, and the second one is a visual help for the interviewer about the construction material of exterior walls, the roof, and the floor]
[p. 22]
[Question 4, housing unit bedrooms]
A room used only as a bedroom must not also be used as a kitchen, dining room or living room.
[Figure omitted, image of question 4 from the questionnaire]
[Question 5, water supply]
On each question that ends with a colon (:) you must read the response options to the informant. This question is asking for the housing unit's main source of water for domestic use. Choose the source that contributes the greatest quantity of water. If the housing unit is temporarily without access to the public system due to delay in payment or because of repairs, mark option 1. If water is provided by a neighbor, select the response option corresponding to that neighboring housing unit's water source.
[Figure omitted, image of question 5 from the questionnaire]
The next questions are very important, since they will determine whom you must record for the census and the number of households in the housing unit.


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Colombia 1973 — source variable CO1973A_ROOF — Predominant roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

3. Predominant material in the roof
[] 1 Concrete or cement slab
[] 2 Zinc or synthetic [asbestos] tile
[] 3 Clay tile
[] 4 Straw or grass, palm or similar
[] 5 Discarded materials
[] 6 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question No. 3. Predominant material in the roof

[Below the text is a form.]

Mark with an "x" the box corresponding to the material with which the roof or exterior covering of the building is built.

In case of different types of material, mark the one used in the largest proportion.

If in these alternatives you do not find the material with which the roof is built, mark the box "others".

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Costa Rica 1963 — source variable CR1963A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

4. Predominant material in the roof
(mark only one box)

[] 1 Clay tiles
[] 2 Metal sheet (zinc, aluminum, etc.)
[] 9 Other (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Box No. 4.- Predominant Material in the Roofs

Apply the same criteria of Boxes 2 and 3, and specify when you use the space "Other", writing for example: plastic sheets, palm, etc.

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Costa Rica 1973 — source variable CR1973A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

5. In the roof
[] 1 Clay tiles
[] 2 Metal sheet (zinc, etc.)
[] 3 Asbestos cement
[] 4 Other (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

4.7.- Question 5.- Predominant Material in the Roof

[Below the text is a filled out form.]

Equally as in the previous question, mark the corresponding circle. If you had to mark "Other", do not forget to specify the material; examples: plastic sheets, palm, etc.

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Costa Rica 1984 — source variable CR1984A_ROOF — Roof material and condition
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Predominant Material and Condition


4. Roof

Clay tiles

[] 01 Good
[] 02 Fair
[] 03 Poor

Metal sheet

[] 04 Good
[] 05 Fair
[] 06 Poor

Asbestos - cement

[] 07 Good
[] 08 Fair
[] 09 Poor

Other

[] 10 Good
[] 11 Fair
[] 12 Poor

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Section: Predominant Material and Condition of ____

The three questions that follow in the dwelling form refer, each one, to the Predominant Material and Condition of: the Outside Walls (question 3) The Roof (question 4) and The Floor (question 5). It concerns in these cases observing of which materials are built the walls, the floor and the roof of the dwelling in the census moment, to register its state, according to which part it corresponds to.


Question 4: Predominant Material and Condition of the Roof

[Below the text is a form.]

The Most Predominant Material

The roofs of Costa Rican houses are built mostly with metal sheets or with "mud tile". Of course, surely you will find some with asbestos, cement, or other type of material for the roof, although there are exceptions; for those last cases we have reserved, as in question 3, a space in which you will have to mark with an X the alternative that has been named "Other" (in which are included, for example: cement, mud tiles, wooden tiles, plastic sheets, palm, etc.).

We do not insist too much inasmuch as "tiles of mud" because it concerns that which we all know is made from baked mud and is found in the traditional farming dwelling, or rural villages or in recent mansions. The same goes for roofs made with "sheets of metal", which we know as sheets of zinc, although the possibility of finding a house where the tiles are only constitute a decorative element must be kept in mind, and under these are the sheets of zinc, that by being the predominant material of the roof will be marked as an alternative. For such a better possibility, verify from the resident of the dwelling or the Enumerated Person about this respect.

Also we call your attention inasmuch as the roofs made with a base of "asbestos-cement", which is a material used recently and known generally as "Ricalit", which is the brand that seems to have been used most. Asbestos-cement is as its name indicates, a material made with as its base a mixture of asbestos and cement. In addition to the type "Ricalit" of which we have spoken, other similar ones exist with other brand names. The important thing is that you know that you will find it generally in cases of recent urbanizations, principally those named "prefabricated".

[p. 28]

The state of the predominant material:

To evaluate the state in which the predominant material is found, we turn to the three categories that we have used in the previous question, saying:

  • "Good": when the roof does not shoe any defects or sagging.
  • "Fair": if the roof requires repairs of some importance, since it shows damages in its materials, although it does not constitute any imminent danger for the inhabitants of the dwelling.
  • "Bad": when the roof is in such a state that, is demands to be substituted almost completely, both because it leaves the inhabitants at the mercy of the rain, in danger of falling over or other possible mishaps.


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Costa Rica 2000 — source variable CR2000A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

4. What is the predominant material in the roof?
[] 1 Metal or zinc sheet
[] 2 Fibrocement (fibrocemento)
[] 3 Other
[] 4 Waste material

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 4: Predominant material in the roof

This question refers to the base material used for building the largest part of the roof.

Mark with an "X" only one of the options.

[To the right of the text is a form.]

Metal sheets: Sheets of zinc or galvanized steel, that are made in straight and wavy panels.

[Below the text is a picture of a roof.]

Fibrocement (fibrocemento): Material from a mix of cement that is compressed to form sheets of different sizes and forms (wavy, tile, etc.). Here asbestos-cement is included.

[Below the text is a picture of a roof.]

Other: Include here any other material like tile, stone, or concrete sheets that separate the floors of a building, straw, palm, etc.

[Below the text is a picture of a roof.]

Waste material: Used elements not very durable: cardboard, old cans, sacks, etc.

Recommendation:

When in doubt, query the informant, since you will be able to find, for example, roofs with cloth as a decorative outside element, and below them, sheets of zinc or cement. In this case mark any of these two options (zinc or cement, according to what it corresponds to.

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Costa Rica 2011 — source variable CR2011A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
5. The roof is made primarily of...?

[] 1 Zinc
[] 2 Fibrolite, Ricalite, or asbestos (fiber cement)
[] 3 Natural material (palm, straw, woody grass, and others)
[] 4 Waste material
[] 5 Other (clay tile, etc.)
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Question 5: Predominate material of the roof

5. The roof is made primarily of...?

[] 1 zinc
[] 2 Fibrolite, Ricalite, or asbestos (fibrocement)
[] 3 natural material (palm, straw, woody grass, and others)
[] 4 waste material
[] 5 other (clay tile, etc.)
Zinc: sheets of galvanized steel or zinc that are fabricated in smooth or wavy sheets. There exists the possibility that you will find that a dwelling has tiles, but that these are only decorative, and under these there are zinc sheets; if this is the case, mark this option.

Fibrolite, Ricalite, or asbestos (fiber cement): this is of the same material as Fibrolite or Ricalite (and other brands).

Natural material (palm, straw, woody grass, and others): this includes materials extracted from nature such as palm, straw, woody grass, and others, used according to geographic or cultural characteristics.

[p. 112]

Waste material: this includes waste materials of short duration and in general in bad condition, like cardboard, old cans, bags, etc.

Other (clay tile, etc.): this includes other materials like clay tiles, concrete slabs or plates.


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Cuba 2012 — source variable CU2012A_ROOF — Roof main material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section III. Private housing data
[Applies to questions 1-16]

5. What is the main material in the home's...

(Only mark one per subsection)
A) the roof?
[] 1 Concrete sheet or slab
[] 2 Beam and slab
[] 3 Wood and mud shingle
[] 4 Wood and tar paper
[] 5 Fiber cement sheet
[] 6 Metallic plate
[] 7 Wood and palm leaf
[] 8 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section III. Private housing data.

Question 5. What is the predominant material in the home's construction?
This question will gather the construction materials making up the majority of the roof, exterior walls and floors of the homes, as specified in the census questionnaire.
You should ask it taking into account the header of the question, linking it to the subsections as follows:

Is the predominant material in the roof concrete slabs or plates, beam and slab, wood and tile, wood and tarpaper, fiber cement sheet, etc.?
Is the predominant flooring material ceramic slab, granite or tile, cement, etc.?
Is the predominant material on the walls concrete, blocks or brick, wood, etc.?

If a ceiling, exterior wall or floor is constructed of more than one material, you must mark the one that makes up the majority.
Example: if the floor of a home consists of wood and cement, the Enumerator must ask what percent of the home has each, and which occupies a greater area. If most of it is cement, the box corresponding to that flooring material will be checked. If half of the home is made up of one material and half the other, then mark the one that the interviewee states is predominant.
This question will always have three marks, one for each subsection.
[Figure omitted]


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Dominican Republic 1981 — source variable DO1981A_ROOF — Roof type
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
11. Roof

Predominant material in the roof of the dwelling.
[] 1 Zinc
[] 2 Asbestos-cement
[] 3 Cane
[] 4 Yagua palm
[] 5 Concrete
[] 6 Tiles
[] 7 Zinc sheets
[] 9 Others
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Question 11: Roof

The type of material is identified and the corresponding circle is filled in.

[The instructions refer to graphic illustrations of the various types of roof materials]


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Dominican Republic 2002 — source variable DO2002A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
[Questions 4-6] only for dwellings that are occupied with persons present

Main construction material of:

5. Roofing:

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Zinc
[] 3 Asbestos cement
[] 4 Palm leaves (yagua)
[] 5 Cane
[] 6 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Question 4: Main Materials of the exterior walls in the household.

By observation, fill in the correct answer for the main material of the (exterior) walls of the household. If there is more that one material, record the main one. If there are equal proportions of two or more materials, record the one with the best quality.


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Dominican Republic 2010 — source variable DO2010A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
4. What is the main material of the roof of this dwelling?

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Tin
[] 3 Asbestos cement
[] 4 Reeds
[] 5 Palm leaves
[] 6 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Question 4. What is the main material of the roof of this dwelling?
By observation, fill in the correct answer for the main material of the roof. If there is more than one material, record the main one.
Example: When you arrive to a household, you observe that the roof has two materials of equal proportion, one part made out of concrete and the other made out of tin, fill in the bubble with code 1 "concrete".

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Ecuador 2010 — source variable EC2010A_ROOF — Predominant material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Section 1: Information about the dwelling
[Questions 1-16 were asked for private dwellings.]


1. The predominant material of the roof of the dwelling is:

[] 1 Reinforced concrete (concrete block or concrete)
[] 2 Asbestos (eternit, eurolit [brands of asbestos sheeting])
[] 3 Zinc
[] 4 Clay tile
[] 5 Palm, straw or leaves
[] 6 Other materials

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

[Section 1]

Step 5: If the dwelling is found occupied with people present, carry out the interview with the head of household or spouse about the information from section 1, information about the dwelling.

[A copy of section 1of the census questionnaire is omitted here.]

  • All of the questions of this section accept one answer only.
  • For registering question 12, you will take into account only the lightbulbs that are installed and you will not consider the lightbulbs used as Christmas ornaments.
  • In this section, there are leaps in questions 10 and 15.
  • Question 15 allows you to identify is there is more than one household in the dwelling.


[Page 18]

If there is more than one census household in the dwelling, you should use a questionnaire per household, starting with the second census household (second questionnaire) you should follow these instructions:
a) On the cover, repeat number 1, geographic location of the dwelling from the previous census questionnaire through question number 1.9.
b) In number 1.10 note the number of the census household that you are enumerating.
c) In number 1.11 complete the answer according to the number of census questionnaires used for each census household.
d) On the cover, leave blank number 1.12., number III - type of dwelling, number IV - principal access to the dwelling, number V - condition of occupancy, and section 1 - information about the dwelling.
e) Continue with the registry of the census questionnaire starting with section 2 (information about the household).


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El Salvador 1992 — source variable SV1992A_ROOF — Material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

II. Household information

2. Characteristics of the dwelling


2. What is the predominant material used in the roof of the dwelling?

[] 1 Concrete roof
[] 2 Asbestos sheet
[] 3 Clay tile
[] 4 Metal sheet
[] 5 Straw, palm or other plant material
[] 6 Waste materials
[] 7 Other (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
4.2.3 Household characteristics
These characteristics refer exclusively to single family [private] households.

The first two questions of this part of the ballot will be answered by the enumerator using simple observation, before introducing themselves to the occupants of the household; however, if there are any doubts, they can consult with the informant in the household.


2. Roof
What material is most of the roof on this household made out of? If the roof is covered with another type of material, the base material will be noted.

Concrete slabs:
Constructed with gravel, sand, cement and iron; a metal sheet covered with concrete falls into this category, as well as apartment roofs in buildings with two or more floors.

Asbestos sheets:
These sheets can be smooth, grooved or with other decorative forms.

Tile:
Tile is commonly made with fired tiles and sometimes cement.

Metal sheets:
Generally the sheet is grooved, and sometimes covered with clay tiles.

Straw, palm leaf or other vegetation:
This kind of material is used for building huts and shacks, usually located in rural areas.

Waste materials:
This type of material is found in poor housing.

Other:
Wood, canvas, etc.


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El Salvador 2007 — source variable SV2007A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

3. What material is most of the roof made of?
[] 1 Concrete slab
[] 2 Asbestos laminate
[] 3 Fiber-cement laminate
[] 4 Tile
[] 5 Metallic laminate
[] 6 Straw, palm or other vegetable matter
[] 7 Discarded materials
[] 8 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 3: What materials is most of the roof made of?
Concrete slab:
Made of gravel, sand, cement and iron. The ceiling falls into this category, as well as the roofs of apartments constructed in buildings of two or more floors.

Asbestos laminate (Duralita) [a brand of asbestos-cement shingles]:
The sheets may be flat, corrugated or have another shape.

Fiber-cement laminate:
These are corrugated sheets made with New Technology laminate and free of asbestos. It belongs to the new generation of construction materials.

Tile:
Tile is commonly made of fired clay, and sometimes with cement.


[Next page]

Metal laminate:
Generally the sheet is corrugated and sometimes it is covered with clay/earthenware tiles.

Grass, palm or other vegetable matter:
These are materials that are used to construct roofs for houses in rural areas.

Discarded materials:
These are materials used in marginal dwellings.

Other:
This is for all roofs not included in previous questions, such as wood, canvas, etc.


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Ethiopia 1984 — source variable ET1984A_ROOF — Main construction material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
46. What is the major material used for the construction of roof of the housing unit?

[] 1 Corrugated iron
[] 2 Concrete or cement
[] 3 Wood and mud
[] 4 Thatch
[] 5 Reed/Bamboo, thatch and mud
[] 6 Asbestos
[] 7 Other (Specify) ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Column 46: What is the main building material the roof of the housing unit was built from?

Roof: - A covering of a house or a room resting on upper edge of walls to prevent the inner part of the house or room from rain, wind, dirt, etc.

The main building material of the roof will be asked and identified among those enumerated below and entered in card column 35 after circling it. If encountered with a building material other than listed here, record its name in line with "other" and enter code 8 in card column 35.

0 = Corrugated iron
1 = Concrete/Cement
2 = Cement
3 = Wood and mud
4 = Thatch
5 = Reed/Bamboo
6 = Asbestos
7 = Other /specify/__________

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Ethiopia 1994 — source variable ET1994A_ROOFR — Main roof material (rural households)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section V: Detailed information on housing unit
[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]

42. What is the major material used [in the] construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?

[] 1 Corrugated iron sheet
[] 2 Thatch
[] 3 Wood and mud
[] 4 Bamboo or reed
[] 5 Other/specify ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units
General Instruction
The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.

1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.
2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.
3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.
4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.
5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.
6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires.
7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.
8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.
Column 42: What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?
The roof is the upper part and cover of the housing unit resting on the walls, which protects the housing unit from rain, wind, etc. In this question, the material with which the majority of the roof of the housing unit is made is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is circled and entered in the space provided. If the material with which the roof is made is other than the ones listed, code 5 should be circled and entered.

1 = Corrugated iron sheet
2 = Thatch
3 = Wood and mud
4 = Bamboo/Reed
5 = Other

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Ethiopia 1994 — source variable ET1994A_ROOFU — Main roof material (urban households)
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section V: Detailed information on housing unit
[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]

46. What is the major material used in the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?

[] 1 Corrugated iron sheet
[] 2 Thatch
[] 3 Wood and mud
[] 4 Bamboo or reed
[] 5 Other/specify ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units
General Instruction
The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.

1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.
2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.
3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.
4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.
5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.
6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires.
7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.
8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.
Chapter Four
Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas

Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.

Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units
General Instruction

In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.

1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.
2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.
3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.
4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.
5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.
6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.
7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires.
8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.
9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.
Column 46: What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?
The roof is the upper part and cover of the housing unit resting on the walls, which protects the housing unit from rain, wind, etc. In this question, the material with which the majority of the roof of the housing unit is made is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is circled and entered in the given card columns. If the material with which the roof is made is other than the ones listed, code 6 should be circled. If the housing unit is a multi-storied one, the material with which the roof of the top storey is made should be taken for all the housing units beneath.

1 = Corrugated iron sheet
2 = Concrete/cement
3 = Thatch
4 = Wood or mud
5 = Bamboo/reed
6 = Others

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Ethiopia 2007 — source variable ET2007A_ROOF — Roof major material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section 5: Information on housing unit

For Questions 16-20, please mark by observation and/or asking.

19. What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?

[] 1 Corrugated iron sheet
[] 2 Concrete or cement
[] 3 Thatch
[] 4 Wood and mud
[] 5 Bamboo or reed
[] 6 Plastic/shera
[] 7 Asbestos
[] 8 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Note:- The questions 16 - 20 require personal observation apart from interrogating the respondent.

Question 19:- What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?

The roof is the upper part and cover of the housing unit resting on the walls, which protects the housing unit from rain, wind, etc. In this question, the material with which the majority of the roof of the housing unit is made is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is marked. If the material with which the roof is made is other than the ones listed, code 8 should be marked. If the housing unit is a multi-storied one, the material with which the roof of the top story is made should be taken for all the housing units beneath.

1 = Corrugated iron sheet
2 = Concrete/Cement
3 = Thatch
4 = Wood or mud
5 = Bamboo/Reed
6 = Plastic
7 = Asbestos
8 = Others

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Ghana 2000 — source variable GH2000A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

H04 Roof: What's the main material used for the roof?
[] 1 Thatch/palm leaves or raffia
[] 2 Bamboo
[] 3 Mud/mud bricks/earth
[] 4 Wood
[] 5 Corrugated metal sheet
[] 6 Slate/asbestos
[] 7 Cement/concrete
[] 8 Roofing tiles
[] 9 Other (specify) ________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

H04: What is the main roofing materials used for this dwelling?

The main material used for the construction of the roof of the living quarters must be captured in the following categories.

1. Thatch, palm leaves or raffia: Any kind of grass/straw/reeds (thatch), palm leaves or raffia; as well as, any other form of leaves must be captured in this category.

2. Bamboo: Refers to roofs made with bamboo.

3. Mud/mud bricks: This category of roofs are made up of earth/swish/mud bricks.

4. Wood: This category comprises roofs that have been constructed with wooden materials such as planks, boards, wooden tiles, etc.

5. Corrugated metal sheets: These refer mainly to corrugated iron, zinc or aluminum sheets that have been used for roofing the dwelling.

6. Slate/asbestos: This category refers to slate/asbestos sheets that have been used to roof the dwelling/living quarters.

7. Cement/concrete: This refers to concrete roofs. Cement/Concrete roofs are mainly found in towns/cities and are seldom used for dwelling houses, though they are often used for office buildings and for shops.

8. Roofing tiles: These are roofing materials made of earth hardened by baking.

[p. 52]

9. Other (specify): All other materials used for roofing of dwellings (e.g. plastic sheets or polythene, etc.) which do not fall into any of the above stated categories must be specified in the space provided.

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Ghana 2010 — source variable GH2010A_ROOF — Main material used for roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
H: Housing conditions (household population only)
[For vacant housing unit fill only H01, H02, and H04]

H04: Roof
What is the main material used for the roof?

[] 1 Mud/mud bricks/earth
[] 2 Wood
[] 3 Metal sheet
[] 4 Slate/asbestos
[] 5 Cement/concrete
[] 6 Roofing tiles
[] 7 Bamboo
[] 8 Thatch/palm leaves or raffia
[] 9 Other (specify) ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
H04. What is the main material used for the roof of this dwelling?

The main material used for the construction of the roof of the living quarters has been classified into the following categories. You should shade the circle indicated against the appropriate response.

1. Mud / mud bricks / earth - This category of roofs is made up of earth / swish / un-burnt mud bricks.

2. Wood - This category comprises roofs that have been constructed with wooden materials such as planks, boards, etc.

3. Metal sheets - These refer mainly to corrugated iron, zinc or aluminum sheets that have been used for roofing the dwelling.

4. Slate/asbestos - This category refers to slate/asbestos sheets that have been used to roof the dwelling/living quarters.

5. Cement/concrete - This refers to concrete roofs. Cement/concrete roofs are mainly found in towns/cities and are seldom used to roof houses, though they are often used for office buildings and for shops.

6. Roofing tiles - These roofing materials are made of earth hardened by baking.

7. Bamboo - This refers to roofs made with bamboo.

8. Thatch, palm leaves, or raffia - Any kind of grass/straw/reeds (thatch), palm leaves or raffia; as well as any other form of leaves must be classified in this category.

9. Other (specify) - All other materials used for roofing of dwellings (e.g. plastic sheets or polythene, etc.) which do not fall into any of the above stated categories must be specified in the space provided.

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Guatemala 1964 — source variable GT1964A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
VI. Predominant construction materials
[Mark only one box in each division]

20. Roof

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Metal sheeting
[] 3 Asbestos and cement
[] 4 Clay tiles
[] 5 Straw, palm, and similar
[] 6 Other (specify) ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
VI. Predominant materials of the construction

In this chapter, there are three sections that list of the principal materials that are used in the construction of walls, roofs, and floors. In each of these sections, you will mark with an X the small box that corresponds to the main material that has been used in the walls, roofs, and floors, since frequently in one construction there are diverse materials used.

b) Roof: as roof material, you will write down the predominant material of the upper roof. In this way, if a building has two stories and it constitutes a single dwelling unit, and the roof of the second roof is metallic sheeting and the first floor is reinforced concrete, the material that should be reported is metallic sheeting. Although if in the two-story house there is a dwelling unit on each of the floors, the one that is one the first floor will inform that the roof is concrete and the one on the second floor will declare that (like in the first case) the roof is metallic sheeting.

The materials that have been chosen to make up the list of materials used in the construction of roofs are the following:

[p. 26]

Concrete: either in the form of a terrace or any other type (domed, concrete tiles, etc.).

Metallic sheeting: sheets of galvanized zinc, aluminum sheeting, etc.

Asbestos cement: either in the form of channeled or flat sheets, tile, etc.

Clay tile: the roofs made of clay tiles.

Straw, palms, and similar materials used in the rural constructions.

Other: as in the previous section, if the roof is made up of a material not specified in the previous list, such as wood, you will mark this small box and you will specify the type of material.


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Guatemala 1981 — source variable GT1981A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
II. Characteristics of the place of habitation

3. Predominant material in the roof

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Metal sheet
[] 3 Asbestos cement
[] 4 Tile
[] 5 Straw, palm or similar
[] 6 Other (specify) ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
II. Dwelling characteristics

As mentioned previously, questions 1 through 9 of this section should be investigated for each one of the "dwellings". The specific instructions that follow will allow the enumerator to complete the work more efficiently.


Question 3: predominant material in the roof

1. How to investigate this question

The material that was used to construct the roof of the dwelling is investigated.

2. How to record the data

Once the type of material used in the construction of the dwelling's roof has been identified, the number of the category is circled.

[p. 36]

If the roof is made of a material not specified in the form, the number [6] for "other" is circled and the material specified.

3. Example:

[These instructions refer to a graphic of question 3 of the census form]


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Guatemala 1994 — source variable GT1994A_ROOF — Predominant material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
II. Characteristics of the place of habitation

2. Roofing material

Predominant material of roof:

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Metal sheeting
[] 3 Asbestos concrete
[] 4 Clay tiles
[] 5 Straw, palm leaves or similar materials
[] 6 Other (specify) ____

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Guatemala 2002 — source variable GT2002A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Chapter II. Characteristics of the place of habitation

3. What is the predominant material on the roof?

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Metal sheeting
[] 3 Asbestos concrete
[] 4 Clay tiles
[] 5 Straw, palm leaves or similar
[] 6 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Part 2: Dwelling characteristics

This section contains questions and answers for the dwelling characteristics and should only be asked of the first household (household 01) in each dwelling. For unoccupied dwellings, only fill out questions 1-4 of this section and then go to another premise.

3. Main material of the roof
This information is obtained through direct observation.

[A graphic of question 3, from section 2 of the census form, is included here.]


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Guinea 1983 — source variable GN1983A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Section B: Housing questionnaire


II. Characteristics of the dwelling unit


(b) Type of roof

[] 1 Tiles
[] 2 Iron sheets
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Cement-Asbestos composite (Evérite)
[] 5 Thatch
[] 9 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

14. Characteristics of the Dwelling Unit
91. The characteristics to record here are those of the building inhabited by the head of household, namely: the type of exterior walls and roof, the layout/appearance of the terrain; type of lightings and water use and supply.


Type of roof

93. The census enumerator will observe the type of roof of the building or of the apartment inhabited by the household head, then will check the appropriate box.

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Haiti 1971 — source variable HT1971A_ROOF — Roof materials
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

2. Main material of the roofs
[] 1 Cement
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Sheet metal
[] 4 Wood
[] 5 Thatch
[] 6 Other (specify) ________

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
A. Building Characteristics

A building may include one or many dwellings. The building characteristics are only indicated for the first dwelling. Thus if a building is comprised of 4 dwellings, fill in the 'principal building material of walls' and 'principal building material of roofs' headings for dwelling number 1 only; i.e. the household whose visitation order in the building is 01. Do not write any information for dwelling 2, 3 or 4, i.e. for households whose visitation order in the household is 02, 03 or 04.


2. Main Construction Material of the Roofs.

a) Concrete: Put into this category any building whose roof covering is made of at least two-thirds reinforced concrete or any other combination of 'cement blocks'.

b) Tiles: Put into this category any building with at least two-thirds of the roof in terra cotta tiles, commonly called 'tiles'.

c) Sheet Metal: Put into this category any building with at least two-thirds of the roof in iron or laminated sheets of iron.

d) Wood: Put into this category all buildings whose roof is at least two-thirds construction wood.

e) Thatch: Put into this category any building whose roof is made of at least two-thirds thatch. These houses are generally known in Haiti as caille paille.

f) Other: Put all buildings which do not correspond to any of the above categories for at least two-thirds of their roof covering in the 'Other' category.


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Haiti 2003 — source variable HT2003A_ROOF — Main material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

3. What is the main building material of the roof?
[] 01 Slate
[] 02 Thatch/straw
[] 03 Cement/concrete
[] 04 Sheet metal
[] 05 Plastic
[] 06 Tile
[] 07 Other


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Honduras 1961 — source variable HN1961A_ROOF — Roof materials
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
For all occupied dwellings
[Questions 1-8 were asked of occupied dwellings]

3. Predominant material in the roof

[] 1 Tile
[] 2 Asbestos
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Zinc or aluminum sheets
[] 5 Other (specify) ________
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Cell number 3: predominant material in the roof
The roof is the exterior part that covers the building; the ceiling should never be considered to be the roof.

When a dwelling is part of a building with multiple floors, the enumerator should consider the roof of the entire building.

One of the five boxes should be marked with an ?X?, according to the predominant material. As is done for the question concerning exterior walls, when box number 5 is marked, the name of the material should be recorded as well.


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Honduras 1988 — source variable HN1988A_ROOF — Predominant material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Chapter II Dwelling Information


3. Predominant material in the roof of the dwelling

[] 1 Clay tile
[] 2 Asbestos-cement sheet
[] 3 Zinc sheet
[] 4 Concrete
[] 5 Straw, palm leaves or similar
[] 6 Discarded materials
[] 7 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
3. Predominant material in the roof of the dwelling
The type of material used to cover the roof of the dwelling is identified. An "X" is used to mark the corresponding material.

[A graphic contains an illustration of six types of materials: tile, asbestos and cement sheet, zinc sheet, concrete, straw or palm or similar, or waste materials.]


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Honduras 2001 — source variable HN2001A_ROOF — Predominant material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section B. Information about the Dwelling

Construction materials of the dwelling:

3. What is the predominant material of the roof?

[] 1 Clay tile
[] 2 Asbestos Sheeting
[] 3 Zinc Sheeting
[] 4 Concrete
[] 5 Straw, palm, or similar
[] 6 Discarded materials
[] 7 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Question 3: What is the predominant material of the roof of the dwelling?
If the construction material of the majority of the roof is visible, mark the answer through observation. If the opposite is the case, ask the question making emphasis that it is the material that is predominant in the construction.

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Indonesia 1971 — source variable ID1971A_ROOF — Material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Household and living unit information


5. What is roof made of?

[] Concrete
[] Wood
[] Zinc
[] Tile
[] Palm leaves
[] Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

6.9. Questions 4, 5 and 6: Wall, roof and floor
6.9.1. Concept and definition
Wall is defined as an external wall of the building where the household resides. For multiple story houses, the roof is defined as the ceiling except for at the highest floor.

6.9.2. Procedure
Fill in Questions 4, 5 and 6, part II, Questionnaire F1, of what material the wall, roof, and floor of the household residence are made of?
If the materials used for the wall, roof or floor consists of more than one type, fill in the material most used. If the use of materials is the same, then choose the material that has the largest amount.

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Indonesia 1980 — source variable ID1980A_ROOF — Primary construction material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

5. Primary construction material of roof
[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Wood
[] 3 Corrugated zinc/asbestos
[] 4 Tile
[] 5 Sugar palm fiber
[] 6 Leaves
[] 7 Other


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Indonesia 1985 — source variable ID1985A_ROOF — Type of material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
[Province codes for questions 7 and 10 in block VII.A. and question 1 in code VII.B.1 are not presented here]


Q.6 Main material of roof

1 Concrete
2 Wood
3 Asbestos/corrugated zinc
4 Tile
5 Palm fiber
6 Leaves
7 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 6, 7 and 8: The type of construction materials used for the roof, walls and floor is asked in these questions. If more than one type of material is used for any of these, the material used for the majority of the area of the roof, walls, and floor is the one to be recorded. For multi-story buildings, the roof is the top-most cover of the highest story of the building (outside), whereas walls and floor are those found in the census unit where the living quarters of the household is located.

The roof is the top-most cover of a building, so that the people living under the roof will be sheltered from sun, rain, etc.

Look at the walls of the respondent's living quarters. A wall is the outside boundary/divider with another building or the exterior of the building. The interior walls which divide the living quarters into rooms are not considered.

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Indonesia 1990 — source variable ID1990A_ROOF — Roof construction material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

5. Type of roof (majority):
[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Wood/shingle
[] 3 Tile
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Zinc
[] 6 Palm fiber
[] 7 Leaves

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 5, 6, and 7: Type of roof, wall, and floor
If the roof/walls/floor is made from several types of materials, record the most used material. For a [multi]-story building, the roof is the uppermost part; outside walls and floor are what constitute a census building for a household.
A roof is what covers the top part of a building so that people living beneath it are protected from the sun, rain etc.
Walls are the outsides/borders of a building or what divides the house from other buildings. A room divider is not considered an outside wall.

Circle the appropriate code type for roof, wall and floor of the building based on Question 5, Question 6, and Question 7

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Indonesia 1995 — source variable ID1995A_ROOF — Material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

IV. Household information


409. Primary construction material of roof

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Wood
[] 3 Tile
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Corrugated zinc
[] 6 Sugar palm fiber
[] 7 Leaves
[] 96 Other, specify ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

6.4. Block IV. Household characteristics
This block is used to record the household characteristics, such as household income one year ago, type of physical building, status of residence ownership also other household facilities.


Questions 409 to 411: Type of roof, walls and floor
If the roof/walls/floor is made from several types of materials, record the most used material. For a two story building the roof is the uppermost part (outside), and for the walls and floor, this is what exists in a census building of a household.

A roof is what covers the top part of a building so that people living beneath it are protected from the sun, rain, etc.

Walls are the outside/border of a building or that which divides it from other buildings. A room divider is not considered as an outside wall.

Circle the appropriate code for the type of roof, wall and floor of the building based on P409, P410 and P411.


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Indonesia 2005 — source variable ID2005A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

516. Primary construction material of roof.
[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Wood
[] 3 Tile
[] 4 Asbestos/zinc
[] 5 Sugar palm fiber/leaves
[] 6 Other (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 516: Construction material of the roof
This question is asked if the enumerator cannot see the construction material of the roof of the building in which the household lives. If the enumerator can see and knows the materials type for the majority of the roof, circle the appropriate code of the answer. A roof is the top cover of the building so that those living in the building are sheltered from the sun, rain, etc. For multi-storied buildings, the roof is the top cover of the highest story.
Concrete roof is a roof that is made from a mixture of cement, gravel, sand and water.

Wood roof/shingles is a roof that is made of wood materials.

[p. 83]

Tiled roof is a roof made from clay that has been molded and baked. This category also includes tiles made from a cement mixture, fiber cement, and ceramic.

Asbestos roof is a roof made from a mixture of asbestos fiber and cement. In general asbestos roofs are made into wavy pieces.

Zinc roof is a roof made from zinc. A zinc roof can be in the form of flat zinc sheets or wavy zinc pieces; also included in this category are zinc roof tiles called decrabond (zinc that is arranged in layers with epoxy and acrylic).

Fiber roof is a roof made from the fiber of sugar palm trees or other similar trees that are generally black in color.

Foliage roof is a roof made from types of leaves that can be woven or not. Example: thatched.

Others are roofs that cannot be classified into one of the above-mentioned categories. Example: carpet, tarpaulin, plastic, bamboo.


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Jamaica 1991 — source variable JM1991A_ROOF — Material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

2.3. What is the main type of material used in constructing the roof?
[] Metal sheeting
[] Shingle, wood
[] Shingle, other
[] Tile
[] Concrete
[] Other
[] Not stated

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

5.24 Question 2.3 Roofing Material
This question seeks to determine the main type of material used in the construction of the roof. It is recognized that the roof of a housing unit may be made of more than one type of material. In such cases, identify the main area.

Metal Sheeting - this applies to zinc and aluminum sheeting.

Shingle - Wood - include here all types of wooden shingles.

Shingle - Other - this applies to shingles other than that made from wood and includes fiber-glass and asphalt.

Tile - include here roofs made from concrete clay, aluminum and other tiles. The popular "Decramastic" roofing should be included here.

Concrete - this is usually referred to as concrete slab.

Other - include here all other types of roofing material, for example thatch, paroid.

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Jamaica 2001 — source variable JM2001A_ROOF — Material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

2.3 What is the main type of material used in constructing the roof?
[] 1 Metal sheeting
[] 2 Shingle, wood
[] 3 Shingle, other
[] 4 Tile
[] 5 Concrete
[] 6 Other
[] 9 Not stated

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Section 2: Characteristics of housing units


5.18 Question 2.3: Roofing material

This question seeks to determine the main type of material used in the construction of the roof. It is recognized that the roof of a housing unit may be made of more than one type of material. In such cases, identify the main area.

Metal sheeting: this applies to zinc and aluminum sheeting.

Shingle, wood: Include here all types of wooden shingles.

Shingle, other: This applies to shingles other than that made from wood and includes fiberglass and asphalt.

Tile: Include here roofs made from concrete clay, aluminum and other tiles. The popular "Decramastic" roofing should be included here.

Concrete: This is usually referred to as concrete slab.

Other: Include here all other types of roofing material for example thatch.


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Kenya 1989 — source variable KE1989A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

H11. Roof
State whether:

[] 1 Iron sheets
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Asbestos sheets
[] 5 Grass/makuti
[] 6 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Columns H11 - H13 - Construction materials of the main residential structure

174. Code in column H11 the construction materials used to build the roof. Use code '1' for roofs with iron sheets, '4' for asbestos sheets, etc.

175. Code in column H12 the construction materials used to build the wall. Use code '3' for mud/wood, etc.

176. Code in column H13 the construction material used to build the floor. Use code '3' for wood, '1' for cement, '2' for earth, etc.

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Kenya 1999 — source variable KE1999A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

H-13. Roof
[] 1. Corrugated iron sheet
[] 2. Tiles
[] 3. Concrete
[] 4. Asbestos sheets
[] 5. Grass
[] 6. Makuti
[] 7. Tin
[] 8. Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Columns H13-15: Construction materials of the main dwelling unit.

Code in column H13 the construction materials used to build the roof e.g. code "1" for roof with corrugated iron sheets, "4" for Asbestos sheets etc. Tiles include clay, wooden tiles, fibre and cement, etc.

106.Code in column H14 the construction materials used to build the walls e.g. code "3" for mud/wood etc.

107. Code in column H15 the construction material used to build the floor e.g. code "1" for cement, "4" for earth, "3" for wood, "1" tiles. Tiles include wooden tiles. Wood means wooden planks.

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Kenya 2009 — source variable KE2009A_ROOF — Main roof materials
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Dominant construction material of main dwelling unit
H-21. Roof
[] 1 Corrugated iron sheets
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Asbestos sheets
[] 5 Grass
[] 6 Makuti
[] 7 Tin
[] 8 Mud/dung
[] 9 Other (specify)

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

- Section J: Housing conditions and amenities. This section covers columns H18 to H27 on housing conditions and amenities. These questions are to be posed to the Head of the Household or any other responsible person.


39.4 Columns H21: Dominant construction material of roof for main dwelling unit

Code in column H21 the construction materials used to build the roof e.g. code "1" for roof with corrugated iron sheets, "4" for asbestos sheets, etc. Tiles include clay, wooden, fiber and cement tiles, etc.


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Laos 2005 — source variable LA2005A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
I. Housing characteristics

26-28. Which type of building materials are used for the dwelling unit?

26. Roof

[] Tile or sipax
[] Zinc
[] Wood
[] Bamboo
[] Grass
[] Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section G: Housing characteristics
Responses to questions 21 to 25 and 27 to 29 are pre-coded. Tick the box for the correct response.

Questions regarding building material, question 23 - 25
The purpose of these questions is to collect information on the type of housing occupied by the household, defined by the type of material used for the construction of roof, walls and floor for the household's dwelling unit. Tick the appropriate box, only one alternative is allowed per question

Question 23: Roof material

1. Tile/Sipax
2. Zinks
3. Wood
4. Bambo
5. Grass
6. Other

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Lesotho 2006 — source variable LS2006A_ROOF — Roof materials
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section H. Housing characteristics and household possessions

57. Main material of the roof of the main type of house

[] 1 Thatch/ straw
[] 2 Roof tiles
[] 3 Corrugated iron
[] 4 Other, specify ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Part H of the questionnaire
Housing Characteristics and Household Possessions (for the household head)

128. Column 57: Main material of construction of roof of the main type of house.

Please code according to the list.

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Liberia 2008 — source variable LR2008A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
H05. Roof
[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Asbestos
[] 4 Zinc or iron
[] 5 Bamboo, leaves or thatch
[] 6 Other (specify)

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Malawi 1987 — source variable MW1987A_ROOF1 — Main construction material for roof, first dwelling
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Main construction materials used for:


Roof

[] 1 Grass thatch
[] 2 Iron sheets
[] 3 Iron and tiles
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Cement
[] 6 Other (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Main construction materials used for:


(ii) Roof: Fill in column 82 the appropriate code for the main construction material used for roofing of the dwelling unit you are enumerating in column 82. The codes are given as follows:

[] 1 Grass thatch
[] 2 Iron sheets
[] 3 Iron and tiles
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Cement
[] 6 Other (specify)


You will, in most cases, be able to identify the main roofing material used, but in case of doubt you need to check with the respondent. You are also required to specify the type of material used for roofing in case of code 6 ("Other").


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Malawi 2008 — source variable MW2008A_ROOF — Main material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

D03. What is the main material used for the roof?
[] 1 Grass thatch
[] 2 Iron sheets
[] 3 Iron / tiles
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Cement
[] 8 Other


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Mali 1987 — source variable ML1987A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

5. Roof material
[] Corrugated iron or tiles
[] Concrete
[] Adobe
[] Straw
[] Other type

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

5. Roof Material

Here also you describe the roof of the building being documented. The possible choices are: Sheet metal or tile, concrete, adobe, thatch, other. The terms concrete and adobe are defined above. As for sheet metal or tile, only put housing of acceptable quality in this category. Makeshift housing made partially or completely of sheet metal should be put in the "other" category.
- Thatch: A thatched roof is made of straw, bamboo, palm leaves or leaves of other plant material. It is generally used to cover most of the traditional round huts.
- Other: A roof in this category has none of the characteristics of sheet metal or tile, concrete, adobe or thatch.


Example 1: The building being described is a multi-storey building with a concrete roof. You write:
Question 5 - Roof Material:
[] Sheet metal or Tile
[x] Concrete
[] Adobe
[] Thatch
[] Other


Example 2: The building is made of adobe and the roof is made of wood covered with adobe.
Question 5 - Roof Material:
[] Sheet metal or Tile
[] Concrete
[] Adobe
[] Thatch
[x] Other


The question also pertains to institutional households.

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Mali 1998 — source variable ML1998A_ROOF — Roof materials
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Section "D": Housing


6. Roof material

[] Corrugated iron
[] Tiles
[] Concrete
[] Adobe
[] Straw
[] Other type

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

1.4. Housing

This second part is devoted to housing, and aims at listing all housing units for the households at time of the census, at gathering information on building characteristics, and to obtain indicators on the conditions in which the population is housed.


4. Column H18: Main roof materials

Likewise, one shall describe the material used for the roof of the chosen building. Possible cases selected are: iron sheets, tiles, concrete, adobe, straw, other. The terms "concrete", "adobe" have already been defined above. For "iron sheets" and "tiles", count only in these categories the houses of acceptable quality. Informal shelters, covered or not with iron sheets, shall be classified in the "Other material" category.

Circle the number corresponding to the answer, while referring to the above definitions, such as:

Thatched roof: A thatched roof is a roof made of straw, bamboo, palm leaves or any other vegetative material. Generally, this is the most common cover for traditional round huts.

Other materials: Roof that does not present any other characteristics: iron sheets, tiles, concrete, adobe, thatch.


[Page 42]

Codes selected for the various items are the following:
[] 1 Iron sheet
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Adobe
[] 5 Thatch
[] 6 Other material

Example 1: The building to be described is an apartment building, with several floors, and the roof is made of concrete. Then, one must circle the number (3): Concrete.

Example 2: The building is made of concrete, and the roof is built in wood, covered with a layer of adobe. Here, one circles the number (4): Adobe.


The institutional households are also concerned with this question.

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Mali 2009 — source variable ML2009A_ROOF — Main material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Circle the code that applies or record the appropriate code in the space provided. If there is a plot occupied by a single household, use the characteristics of the main building (without including the number of rooms)

H4) Main material of roof

[] 1 Sheet metal
[] 2 Sheet metal with ceiling
[] 3 Tile
[] 4 Concrete
[] 5 Mudbrick
[] 6 Thatch
[] 7 Other, specify
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
6.2.6.4 Main material of roof (Column H4)
The purpose of this question is to describe the main material of the roof of the main building. When the roof is composed of several materials, the agent uses the most dominant material. The agent records the code corresponding to the answer by referring to the definitions given.

[Omitted example]

[pg. 42]

1 = Sheet metal only: That is a sheet, corrugated or not of any quality. Note that plastic roofs are sheet metal roofs, but are classified as other .
2 = Sheet metal with ceiling: It is a sheet metal roof with a ceiling constructed to avoid the heat or to improve aesthetics.
3 = Tile: It is a roof made of tiles, that is to say, bricks in clay or terracotta.
4 = Concrete: It is a roof made of concrete (a mixture of cement, of gravel, of iron ... )
5 = Banco: The roofs are made of mud bricks when made mainly of wood covered with mud bricks.
6 = Thatch: Thatch is a roof made of straw, bamboo, palm leaves or other plant materials. It usually covers the majority of round hut homes.
7 = Other specify: Roof does not have the characteristics of sheet metal or tile, concrete, mud bricks or thatch listed above . The agent writes in full letters the main roof material.

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Mexico 1970 — source variable MX1970A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Material in the roof

What is the main material used in the roof? Mark with an X
[ ] 1 Concrete and similar
[ ] 2 Straw, palm and similar
[ ] 3 Tile
[ ] 4 Wood
[ ] 5 Others

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Roof Material

As in the preceding cases, make an X in the circle corresponding to the material with which the majority of the roof is built.

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Mexico 1990 — source variable MX1990A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

2. Roof

What material is the majority roof of the dwelling made of? Mark with an X one circle only.
[ ] 1 Cardboard sheet
[ ] 2 Palm, tejamanil, or wood
[ ] 3 Metal or asbestos sheet
[ ] 4 Tile
[ ] 5 Concrete block or brick
[ ] 6 Other materials

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Characteristics of the dwelling

The series of questions found on page two of the questionnaire will permit you to find out the principal characteristics of the dwellings: the materials that they are made out of, the number of rooms that the dwelling consists of and the use the rooms are given, the available services, ownership of the dwelling and the cooking fuel that they use.


1. Walls and 2. Roofs

In these questions, what is important is to know the foundational construction materials, so you should pay attention that the answer given by the informant does not correspond to the material that covers the walls. If the roof or walls of the dwelling are built with more than one material, you should note only the most dominant.


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Mexico 1995 — source variable MX1995A_ROOF — Roofs
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

1.2 Roofs
What material is the largest part of the roof of this dwelling?
[] 1 Waste material
[] 2 Cardboard sheets
[] 3 Asbestos or metal sheets
[] 4 Palm, tile strips or wood
[] 5 Tile
[] 6 Concrete planks, bricks or flat roofs with joists

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

1.2 Roofs

This question finds the principal material with which the roof of the dwelling is built.

[graphic of the question from the census form]

The question has six options in its classification; circle the code that corresponds to the declared material.

Here also the options of the materials appear from lesser to better quality.

When a roof is made of different materials, register the one that predominates. If the amount of these materials is equal, then write down the one of lesser quality. So when one material is declared that can be classified in two options, mark the lesser quality. For example, if you have doubt [p. 65] about how to classify a dwelling with pieces of wood, include it in the option "Waste material", which corresponds to the lesser quality.

Also in some zones of the country, they may know the materials of the options by other terms, or they may name a material that does not appear. In those cases, circle the similar option according to the nature and quality. For example, "guano" or "zacate" and other similar materials can be registered under the option "Palm, tile strips or wood." If at the moment of the interview you do not know which material of the list is similar to what is declared, write it down in observations and later investigate what is similar and mark the corresponding option.

When the informant has doubts, read the answer options.

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Mexico 2000 — source variable MX2000A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

2. Roof

What material is the majority roof of the dwelling made of?
Circle only one answer.

1 Waste material
2 Cardboard sheet
3 Metal or asbestos sheet
4 Palm, tejamanil, or wood
5 Tile
6 Concrete block, wood, brick, or terraced with wood

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
5.1 Dwelling Characteristics

The purpose of this section is to gain knowledge of all the construction materials, the number of rooms, and the services which the dwelling has, as well as other characteristics.

In the case of refuges, do not ask the characteristics of the dwelling. Initiate the interview in section II. Residents, households, and lists of persons.


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Mexico 2010 — source variable MX2010A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

I. Dwelling Characteristics
[Questions 1-19 were not asked of mobile dwellings, shelter and premises not intended for habitation]


2. Roof
What is the material that most of the roof in this dwelling is made of?

Circle only one code.

[] 1 Waste material
[] 2 Sheets of cardboard
[] 3 Metal sheets
[] 4 Asbestos sheets
[] 5 Palm leaf or straw
[] 6 Wood or shingle
[] 7 Beamed flat roof
[] 8 Tile
[] 9 Concrete slab or beam and block

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

6.3 Section I. Housing characteristics

In this section, instructions will be presented for the questions that investigate the characteristics of the private inhabited dwellings.

If the class of the private inhabited dwellings is a premise not intended for inhabitation, a mobile dwelling, a shelter, or a collective dwelling, don't apply this section. Start the interview with the section II, List of People.


1. Walls, 2. Roof, 3. Floor
The first two questions identify the basic materials with which the walls and roof of the dwelling are constructed, and in the case of the floor, identify if it has covering.

Waste material consists of pieces of cardboard, rubber, tires, and containers among others.

  • Circle the code [for the] material that is similar; if the response is a material that is not on the list of options, clarify with the informer mentioning the possible responses.
  • When the informer indicates that [the roof and/or walls] are made with two or more distinct materials, mention that [the question] deals with the [material] that covers the greater part. In the case that they are found [to be] in the same proportion, circle the code that corresponds to the first option.


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Mexico 2015 — source variable MX2015A_ROOF — Predominant roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
2. Roof
What is the type of material used in the majority of the roof?
[Circle one code]

[] 1 Refuse or discarded material
[] 2 Cardboard sheet
[] 3 Metal sheet
[] 4 Corrugated asbestos cement sheet
[] 5 Corrugated fiber cement sheet
[] 6 Palm frond or grass
[] 7 Wood or wooden-tile
[] 8 Flat roof with beams
[] 9 Tile
[] 10 Reinforced concrete or beams and concrete block
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
2. Roof
This question identifies the predominant basic material used to build the roof of the house. The option "metal sheet" includes galvanized sheets, fiber glass, or plastic. The fiber cement sheet is a sheet made of cement, sand, and mineral or synthetic fibers. If they answer that the roof is tile, verify that it is the basic material and not the covering or decorative material.

[Figures are omitted]

If the respondent answers that the roof is built with two or more different materials, ask for the predominant material. In case you find two or more materials in the same proportion, select the first appearing in the options of response.

In some places, building materials can be called with different names; if you know them, mention those names to support the informant.


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Morocco 1982 — source variable MA1982A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

26. Roof material
[] 1 Flat concrete roof
[] 2 Wood, branches, reeds, covered with earth
[] 3 Wood, branches, reeds, not covered with earth
[] 4 Iron sheets
[] 5 Wood planks and tiles
[] 6 Other material

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
26. Basic construction material
[This is question 25 for rural dwellings]

b. Ceiling:

[] 1 Dalla (reinforced concrete)
[] 2 Wood, grass covered with clay
[] 3 Wood, grass or cane not covered
[] 4 Iron or zinc
[] 5 Wood or bricks
[] 6 Other material

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Morocco 1994 — source variable MA1994A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Basic construction material
[Questions 24a-b]


Q24b. Ceiling:

[] 1 Dalla (reinforced concrete)
[] 2 Wood, grass covered with clay
[] 3 Wood, grass or cane not covered
[] 4 Iron or zinc
[] 5 Wood or bricks
[] 6 Other material

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Housing record


Basic construction material
[Questions 24a-b]


Q24b. Ceiling:

1 Dalla (reinforced concrete)
2 Wood, grass covered with clay
3 Wood, grass or cane not covered
4 Iron or zinc
5 Wood or bricks
6 Other material


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Morocco 2014 — source variable MA2014A_ROOF — Main roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Household living conditions

L04. Roofing materials

[] 1 Slab
[] 2 Planks, wood, or tiles
[] 3 Cement or zinc sheet
[] 4 Wood or reed or branches covered with adobe
[] 5 Zinc or plastic or other recovered materials
[] 6 Other

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Mozambique 1997 — source variable MZ1997A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
[Questions 2 and 4 were asked of private households.]

4. The house is roofed with:

[] Concrete Slab (cement)
[] Tiles
[] Asbestos plates
[] Zinc plates
[] Grass/ culms/ palm tree leaves
[] Other materials
Enumerator: If you selected ?Vacant? for question 2, finish the interview and turn to the last page of the form.
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
E4. A house is covered by:
Read the question and each alternative. Wait for the reply. Tick X in the number corresponding to the predominant material in the construction of the roof of the house.
We considered the following types of coverage: Concrete Slab, Tile, Lusalite plate, zinc plate, grass/thatch/palm, and others. There should be only one answer.

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Mozambique 2007 — source variable MZ2007A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section E: Characteristics and Condition of the Dwelling
Enumerator: Fill out the Enumeration Form using the question about the dwelling. If there is more than one household within the dwelling, fill out questions 1-11 only, for the first household.

[Questions 4 through 6 were asked those in private dwellings]

6. The dwelling is roofed with:

[] 1 Concrete slab (cement)
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Asbestos plates
[] 4 Zinc plates
[] 5 Grass/ culms/ palm tree leaves
[] 6 Other
Enumerator: If you checked ?Vacant? for question 12, finish the interview and turn to the last page of the Enumeration Form.
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
E6. The dwelling is covered by:

Read the Question and each of the alternatives. Wait for the response. Write an X in the number that corresponds to the predominant material in the construction of the house cover.

The following types of cover were considered: Concrete Slab (cement), Tiles, Asbestos plates, Zinc plates, Grass/culm/palm tree leaves and others.
There should be only one answer.


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Myanmar 2014 — source variable MM2014A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Housing characteristics

38. Main construction material of the housing unit

Roof

[] 1. Dhani [nipa palm] / Theke / in leaf
[] 2. Bamboo
[] 3. Earth
[] 4. Wood
[] 5. Corrugated sheet
[] 6. Tile / brick / concrete
[] 7. Other

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Nepal 2011 — source variable NP2011A_ROOF — Type of roof of the house
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Household Information

[2.3] Roof

[] 1 Straw/thatch
[] 2 Galvanized iron
[] 3 Tile/slate
[] 4 Concrete/cement
[] 5 Wood/planks
[] 6 Earth/mud
[] 7 Other ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Household information

Question 2: what type of construction has the house the family is using now?
House generally means the dwelling place having one or more than one room or floor, with outer wall either of concrete or mud wall with raw materials, having a roof and are using by the people for dwelling purpose.

House can be of different sizes, kinds, and types. Some houses may not have a wall. Some houses are constructed by/beside the wall of other houses (for support) or by/touching the hill or elevated land. In some cases, two houses are constructed dividing them with a wall in the middle. There would be a main door to enter and exit from the house. For the purpose of the enumeration, all these types of dwellings where families are living, including hut, home, building, mansion, flat can be understood as a house. The house might belongs to self or others. If the family has used more than one house for dwelling purpose, the information should be taken from the main house which is in good condition from the perspective of dwelling. If any family is living in rent and have put their house in rent to somebody else or even if the house is vacant during the enumeration period, then the information should be taken from the house or rental space where they are living at the time of enumeration.

[p. 24]

Generally the type of construction of any house depends on the overall structure of the house including construction materials used in/for foundation, outer walls and roof, the floor/stories of the house and the life of the house. In the question, the types of the construction of a house has been determined based on the structure like foundation, outer wall, roof, number of floors/stories, and the year of construction of the house.

2.3 Roof

[] 1 Thatch/straw
[] 2 Galvanized iron/metal sheet
[] 3 Tile/slate/stone
[] 4 RCC
[] 5 Wood/plank
[] 6 Mud
[] 7 Other

The construction materials used for roof means what types of materials are used for making the roof. If the roof is made with more than one materials, then taking the main construction materials as a base, circle the appropriate reference accordingly. The types of the construction materials used for roof has been described as follows:

Thatch/straw - If the house is roofed with/if the roof of a house is made with thatch/straw, the main construction material of the roof of such house is considered as thatch/straw.

[p. 26]

Metal sheet/ galvanized iron - If the roof of a house is made with metal sheet/galvanized iron, then the main construction materials of the roof of such house is considered as Galvanized iron/metal sheet.

Tile/slate/stone - If the roof of a house is made with tile or slate or stone, then the main construction materials of the room of such house is considered as tile/slate/stone.

RCC roof - If the room of a house is made with RCC, then the main construction materials of the roof of such houses is considered as RCC.

Wood/plank - If the house is roofed with wood/plank, then the main construction materials of the roof of such house is considered as wood/plank.

Mud- If the roof of a house is primarily roofed with mud, then the main material of such roof is considered as mud.

Others - Besides the above materials, if the roof of the house is roofed with other materials like plastic, tarpaulin, container/drum piece, it should be specified in others category.

To specify the construction materials used in the roof of a house, if it is roofed with thatch/straw, circle the reference 1, if it is roofed with galvanized iron/metal sheets, circle the reference 2, if it is roofed with tiles/slates circle reference 3, if it is roofed with RCC, circle reference 4, if it is roofed with wood/plank, circle 5, if it is roofed with mud, circle the reference 6 and besides these materials, if the roof of a house is roofed with other materials, circle the reference 7 and specify the materials.


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Nicaragua 1971 — source variable NI1971A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

6. In the roof of the building

[] 1 Metal sheet (zinc, etc.)
[] 2 Clay tile
[] 3 Asbestos-cement
[] 4 Concrete tile
[] 5 Straw, palm
[] 6 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Questions #5, 6, and 7

Predominant construction materials
a. How to carry out the investigation
This topic refers to the type of materials used most in the construction of the exterior walls, the roof, as well as the material that covers most of the floor of the dwelling.

b. How to record the data
An "X" is marked in one of the boxes according to the predominant material used: in the walls (question 5), in the roof (question 6), and in the floor (question 7) of the dwelling. Only one box is marked for each question.

c. Example:


[These instructions refer to a graph of questions 5, 6, and 7 on the census form]

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Nicaragua 1995 — source variable NI1995A_ROOF — Roofing materials
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Characteristics of the dwelling


Roofing material
4. What is the predominant material used for roofing?

[] 1 Zinc
[] 2 Clay or cement tiles
[] 3 Plywood or corrugated sheeting (Plycem or Nicalit panel)
[] 4 Straw, palm leaves and similar materials
[] 5 Rubble or discarded materials
[] 6 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 4: Predominant material of the roof
The roof refers to the material that protects the majority of the dwelling (does not refer to ceiling in the interior). You should mark only one of the alternative answers. If there is more than one type of material in the roof, you will mark the predominant one.
1. Zinc
Generally, this is corrugated metal sheeting.

2. Clay or cement tiles
This is commonly made with baked clay.

3. Plycem or Nicalit panel
This can be smooth, waved, channeled, or another decorative format.

4. Straw, palm leaves and similar materials
Materials that are used to build rustic shacks in rural areas.

5. Rubble or discarded materials
Materials used in marginal dwellings such as pieces of wood, plastic, cans, etc.

6. Other
Materials not included in the above categories.


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Nicaragua 2005 — source variable NI2005A_ROOF — Primary construction material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

4. What is the predominant construction material of the roof?
[] 1 Zinc
[] 2 Plycem / Nicalit sheeting [sheeting of wood or other fiber]
[] 3 Clay or cement tiles
[] 4 Reinforced concrete panels
[] 5 Straw, palm and similar materials
[] 6 Rubble or discarded materials
[] 7 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 4. What is the predominant construction material of the roof?

The most important thing is to find out the roofing material that protects the majority of the dwelling, not the ceiling.

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Pakistan 1998 — source variable PK1998A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Construction materials


Roof

[] 1 R.C.C./R.B.C.
[] 2 Cement/iron sheet
[] 3 Wood/bamboo
[] 4 Others

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Material of construction
The building material used in construction of the house will be entered in these two columns.


Roof
Fill the oval related to the material with which the roof has been constructed. For such roofs in construction of which thatched wood, sticks, grass or cloth has been used the oval relevant to others may be filled. For the roof built with wood or bamboo fill the oval related to wood/bamboo.


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Panama 1980 — source variable PA1980A_ROOF — Material in roof of the building or house
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Ask questions 3 through 14 only for those dwellings, with inhabitants present, that are classified in boxes 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 of question number 1, Type of Dwelling.


6. Predominant material in the roof of the building or house

[] 1 Cement
[] 2 Tile
[] 3 Fibro-cement
[] 4 Metal (zinc, aluminum, etc)
[] 5 Treated [coated] wood
[] 6 Straw or palm leaves
[] 7 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 6 Predominant material in the roof of the building or house.

Mark only one box keeping in mind that this question refers to the predominant material of which the largest part of the roof of the building or house in which the dwelling is located is made.

[The instructions refer to a graphic of question 6 of the census form.]

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Panama 1990 — source variable PA1990A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

6. What is the predominant material in the roof of the building or house?
[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Tile
[] 3 Fibro-cement
[] 4 Metal (zinc, aluminum, etc.)
[] 5 Treated [coated] wood
[] 6 Straw or palm
[] 7 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Questions 3 to 14 only are asked at dwellings with occupants present classified in one of the circles 01 to 05 of question Number 1 "Type of Dwelling".


Explanations with respect to questions 5 and 6:
These two questions, unlike the rest of the section, refer to the building where the dwelling is, that is to say that in the cases in which apartments or tenement houses are being enumerated, the questions refer to the apartment building or the tenement house where the dwelling is located. If an individual house is being enumerated, the building and the dwelling coincide.


Question Number 6: What is the predominant material in the roof of the building or house?
Mark a single circle according to the material that the largest part of the roof of the building or house is according to the person. The roof refers to the material that protects the largest part of the building or house from the sun or the rain and does not refer to the ceiling. Or that is, if a building or an apartment building or rooms in a tenement house are being enumerated, this question refers to the roof of the building or house.


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Panama 2000 — source variable PA2000A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

7. What is the predominant material in the roof of the building or house?
[] 1 Concrete (cement)
[] 2 Tile
[] 3 Fiber-cement tiles (Tejalit, Panalit, Techolit)
[] 4 Metal (zinc, aluminum, etc.)
[] 5 Treated [coated] wood
[] 6 Straw or palm
[] 7 Other materials

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Questions 3 to 15 are only asked at dwellings with occupants present (Circle 1).


Explanations with respect to questions 6 and 7:
These two questions, unlike the rest of the section, refer to the building where the dwelling is, that is to say that in the cases in which apartments or tenement houses are being enumerated, the questions refer to the apartment building or the tenement house where the dwelling is located.


Question No. 7: What is the predominant material in the roof of the building or house?

This question is asked to know what is the predominant material with which the roofs of the dwellings are constructed.
It refers to the material of which the largest part of the roof of the building or house where the dwelling is located is made. If you are enumerating a building or apartment house or rooms of a tenement house, this question relates to the roof of the building or house.


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Panama 2010 — source variable PA2010A_ROOF — Main roof materials
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

6. What is the predominant material in the roof of the building or house?
[] 1 Cement slab
[] 2 Clay tile
[] 3 Other type of tiles ([Asbestos-cement brands] tejalit, panalit, techolit, among others)
[] 4 Metal (zinc, aluminum, among others)
[] 5 Wood
[] 6 Palm leaves, straw or sticks
[] 7 Other materials

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question No. 6: What is the predominant material in the roof of the building or house?
This question is asked to know the predominant material that makes up the roofs of the dwellings.
[There are two pictures of a house and a dwelling.]
It refers to the material that makes up the largest part of the roof of the building or house where the dwelling is located. If you are enumerating a building or apartment house or rooms of a tenement house, this question relates to the roof of the building or house.
Roof: Structural element that is part of the coverage of a house or dwelling to protect it from the weather phenomena such as rain, sun, wind, among others.
a. Concrete slab: Built with sand, stone, cement, iron, water, and additives.
[There is a picture of a mason on top a concrete roof.]
b. Tile: Corrugated piece of cooked mud or clay, which adopts different forms and shapes.
[There is a picture of a tile roof.]
c. Other type of tiles (tejalit, panalit, techolit, among others): Waved sheet with a new technology free of asbestos, belonging to the new generation of construction materials. Includes cement tiles.
[There is a picture of a roof made of other type of tiles.]
[p. 61]
d. Metal (zinc, aluminum, among others): Metal sheet generally corrugated.
[There is a picture of a roof metal sheet.]
e. Wood: Solid part of trees, without the cortex, conveniently cut in boards.
[There is a picture of a wood boards.]
f. Palm, straw: Materials of vegetal origin, which are used to build dwelling roofs.
[There is a picture of a hut with roof made of palm leaves.]
g. Other materials: those not considered in the previous options, such as: pieces of plastic, cloth, waste, among others.
[There is a picture of a house made of wood and roof with other materials.]
Mark just one circle according to the predominant roof material of the building or house.
[p. 62]
[There is a sample image of question 6 from the enumeration form.]
If you observe all the dwelling materials, verify with the respondent.
Clarifications with respect to questions 6 and 7:
These two questions, unlike the rest of the section, refer to the building where the dwelling is located, that is, in those cases when you are enumerating apartments or rooms in a tenement house, the questions refer to the material used in the roof of the apartment building or the tenement house where those rooms are located.
[There is a picture of an apartment building.]

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Paraguay 1972 — source variable PY1972A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
[Questions 3 to 10 were asked of private households]

3. Predominant material


B. Roof

[] 1 Tile
[] 2 Straw
[] 3 Wood
[] 4 Fibrocement or similar sheet
[] 5 Metal sheet (zinc, aluminum)
[] 6 Concrete ceilings (horizontal roofs)
[] 7 Other (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
II. Information about the dwelling

These serve to determine the principal characteristics and the conditions, in which they are found, in terms of the construction, comfort, disposition of basic services, etc.

For the purposes of the census, the dwelling is any shelter, separated and independent, built or used for housing persons.

In the "collective dwellings", this part will be completed up to the part of type of dwelling.

b) Roof: You will mark the box that corresponds to the predominant material used in the construction of the roof of the dwelling with an X.


When a dwelling is in the interior part of a building of various floors, you will take into account the roof of the building.

3. Predominant material
B. Roof

[] 1 Clay tile
[] 2 Straw
[] 3 Wood
[] 4 Sheeting of fiber-cement or similar
[] 5 Metallic sheeting (zinc, aluminum)
[] 6 Reinforced concrete, assembled concrete (horizontal roof)
[] 7 Others (specify) ____


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Paraguay 1982 — source variable PY1982A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

b) What is the predominant material in the roof?
[] 1Tile
[] 2 Straw
[] 3 Wood
[] 4 Fibrocement or similar sheet
[] 5 Metal sheet (zinc, aluminum)
[] 6 Concrete ceilings (horizontal roofs)
[] Other (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question 3. Predominant material

a) What material is predominant on the exterior walls?
Ask the question, read each of the following options, and mark an X in the corresponding box.
If the material is not indicated, mark "other," [and insert] the name of the material.

[A depiction of section 3 of the enumeration form to the left of the preceding text is omitted here.]

[P. 24]

[A drawing of four walls, with the words, "brick," "stucco," "wood," and "stone," written under each of the walls, respectively, is omitted here.]

b) What material is predominant on the roof?

Ask the question, read each of the options, and mark an X in the corresponding box.
If the material is not listed, write the name of the material under "other."

When the dwelling is in a middle section of a building with several floors, the roof of the roof of the building is considered.

[A drawing of four roofs, with the words, "shingle," "straw," "wood," and "cement," written under each of the roofs, respectively, is omitted here.]

[P. 25]

[A depiction of question (3)c. to the left of the following text is omitted here.]

c) What material is predominant on the floor?

Ask the question, read each of the options, and mark an X in the corresponding box.
If the material is not listed, write the name of the material under "other."

[A drawing of four floors, with the words, "brick," "wood," "tile," and "dirt," written under each of the floors, respectively, is omitted here.]

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Paraguay 1992 — source variable PY1992A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section II. Dwelling information

For responses 2 through 6, end the interview here.
[Questions 3 to 13 are asked of occupied households with present members]


5. What is the predominant material in the roof?

[] 1 Tile
[] 2 Straw
[] 3 Palm
[] 4 Wood
[] 5 Metal sheet
[] 6 Fibrocement or similar
[] 7 Reinforced concrete or bovedilla
[] 8 Discarded materials: cardboard, rubber, packing crate wood, etc.
[] 0 Other ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
[Questions 3 to 5 are asked of occupied households with present members]

Questions 3 to 5: What material predominates in the exterior walls, roof and floor?

These questions refer to the material that is most used in said construction.

3. What is the predominant material in the exterior walls?

[] 1 Brick
[] 2 Adobe
[] 3 Mud and cane
[] 4 Wood
[] 5 Discarded materials: cardboard, rubber, packing wood, etc.
[x] 6 Other ___

4. What is the predominant material of the floor?

[] 1 Dirt
[] 2 Brick
[] 3 Common tile/flagstone
[] 4 Tile, ceramic tile, granite
[] 5 Cement
[x] 6 Wood
[] 7 Other ____

5. What is the predominant material of the roof?

[] 1 Tile
[] 2 Straw
[] 3 Palm
[] 4 Wood
[] 5 Metal sheet
[x] 6 Fiber-cement or similar
[] 7 Reinforced concrete or framed concrete
[] 8 Discarded materials: Cardboard, rubber, packing wood, etc.
[] 9 Other ____

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Paraguay 2002 — source variable PY2002A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Chapter B. Dwelling information

5. What is the predominant material in the roof?

[] 1 Tile
[] 2 Straw
[] 3 Fibrocement or similar (eternit)
[] 4 Zinc sheet
[] 5 Wood plank
[] 6 Reinforced concrete or bovedilla
[] 7 Palm trunk
[] 8 Cardboard, rubber, pallet wood
[] 9 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Questions 3, 4, and 5: Construction materials of the dwelling.

The construction materials allow us to obtain information about the real conditions of the dwelling in Paraguay.

3 Wall
4 Floor
5 Roof
Question 5: What is the predominant material in the roof?

What material predominates in the roof? In the case of apartments, you should ask about the roof of the top floor of the building. You should mark only one option.

For all three questions: If there are different materials in the same proportion, you will register the one that is the best quality. For example, between stray and clay tile roof, you should select clay tile.


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Peru 1993 — source variable PE1993A_ROOF — Predominant material in the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

4. Construction material of the dwelling
Circle the appropriate number:


B) The predominant material in the roof is:

[] 1 Reinforced concrete
[] 2 Wood
[] 3 Tile
[] 4 Calamina [type of roof tile], fibrocement or other sheet material
[] 5 Cane sticks or woven plant material with clay
[] 6 Straw, palm leaves, etc.
[] 7 Other material (specify) ____

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question No. 4: Construction material of the dwelling


B) The predominant material in the roof is:
Read the question and each of the alternatives. Wait for an answer. Circle the number that corresponds to the response.
If it is a material that is not listed, circle the number that corresponds to "Other material" and specify the name of it.
Keep in mind that some dwellings have a concrete roof, but then also have a covering or adornment of corrugated iron, roofing tiles, etc. In this case, circle number 1.
[These instructions are accompanied by a drawing of a roof made of concrete covered by roofing tiles and a picture of part B of this question on the Enumeration Form. The option corresponding to concrete is circled.]


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Philippines 1990 — source variable PH1990A_ROOF — Construction material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

B2. Construction Material of the Roof

___ Enter code

1 Galvanized Iron/Aluminum
2 Tile/Concrete/Clay tile
3 Half galvanized iron and half concrete
4 Wood
5 Coson/Nipa/Anahaw
6 Asbestos
7 Makeshift/Salvaged/Improvised materials
8 Others, specify __

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

B2 Construction Material of the Roof

The construction material of the roof and walls provides information on the construction, replacement and improvement of housing units.

This indicator provides data in evaluating construction statistics, programme implementation, and for estimating the investment, past and future, in housing construction. It also determines how many of the households are housed in structurally acceptable housing units. Structural acceptability of housing units implies that these be built of durable construction materials that will safeguard the household occupants from adverse climatic effects and provide protection and privacy.

Enter in the box provided, the code corresponding to the kind of material used in the construction of the roof. This item can be filled up through observation but if you are in doubt, ask the respondent.

The kinds of materials used and their codes are as follows:

1 Galvanized Iron/Aluminum
2 Tile/Concrete/Clay Tile
3 Half Galvanized Iron and Half Concrete
4 Wood
5 Cogon/Nipa/Anahaw
6 Asbestos
7 Makeshift/Salvaged/Improvised Materials
8 Others, specify ___________


If two or more kinds of materials are used, report the material most used. Thus, for a house with different kinds of roofs, report the material used in the main portion (usually containing the living room/sala and bedrooms). Specify the kind of construction material used for the roof if it is not one of those described in codes 1 to 7.

Bamboo used as roofing is included in code 4 Wood.

Housing units in structures such as culverts, bridges, etc. should have an entry of code 7 Makeshift/Salvaged/ Improvised Materials in this item.

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Philippines 2000 — source variable PH2000A_ROOF — Construction materials of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

B2. Construction material of the roof
(Please cross out one of the selections below)

[] Galvanized iron/aluminum
[] Tile concrete/clay tile
[] Half galvanized iron and half concrete
[] Wood
[] Cogon/nipa/anahaw
[] Asbestos
[] Makeshift/salvaged/improvised materials
[] Others, specify___

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
B2 Construction material of the roof

The construction material of the roof and wall provides information of the construction, replacement and improvement of housing units.

This indicator provides data in evaluating construction statistics, programme implementation, and for estimating the investment, past and future, in housing construction. It also determines how many of the households are housed in structurally acceptable housing units. Structural acceptability of housing units implies that these are made of durable construction materials that will safeguard the household occupants from adverse climatic effects and provide protection and privacy.

Cross out the circle opposite the kind of material used in the construction of the roof. This item can be answered through observation but if you are in doubt, ask the respondent.

The kinds of construction materials of the roof are as follows:

[] 1 Galvanized Iron/aluminum
[] 2 Tile/concrete/clay tile
[] 3 Half galvanized iron and half concrete
[] 4 Wood
[] 5 Cogon/nipa/anahaw
[] 6 Asbestos
[] 7 Makeshift/salvaged/improvised materials
[] 8 Others, specify

If two or more kinds of materials are used, report the material most used. Thus, for a house with different kinds of roofs, report the material used in the main portion (usually containing the living room/sala and bedrooms). Specify the kind of construction material used for the roof if it is not one of the categories mentioned above it.
Bamboo when used as roofing is included in category of Wood.

Housing units in structures such as culverts, bridges, etc. should have a marked circle opposite Makeshift/salvaged/improvised materials.


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Philippines 2010 — source variable PH2010A_ROOF — Construction materials of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
B1 to B4 are to be answered by mere observation, if doubtful, ask the respondent.

B2. Construction material of the roof

Write X in the box.

[] 1 Galvanized iron / aluminum
[] 2 Tile concrete / clay tile
[] 3 Half galvanized iron and half concrete
[] 4 Wood
[] 5 Cogon / nipa / anahaw
[] 6 Asbestos
[] 7 Makeshift / salvaged / improvised materials
[] 8 Others, specify ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Specific Instructions by Items
To ask the questions correctly, follow the instructions for each item of CPH Form 2. The rationale and/or importance of each item are explained.

B2 and B3-Construction Materials of the Roof and Outer Walls
Data on construction materials of the roof and outer walls provide information on the construction, replacement, and improvement of housing units. These items can be used as proxy variables to measure the economic condition of households.
Moreover, data on these items can be used in the evaluation of construction statistics, programme implementation, and for estimating investments in housing construction. They can also be used to determine the number of households residing in structurally acceptable housing units.

Structural acceptability of housing units implies that these housing units are made of durable construction materials that will safeguard the occupants of the housing unit from adverse climatic conditions and provide protection and privacy.

B2-Construction Materials of the Roof
The categories for the kind of construction materials of the roof are as follows:

[] Galvanized iron/aluminum
[] Tile concrete/clay tile
[] Half galvanized iron and half concrete
[] Wood
[] Cogon/nipa/anahaw
[] Asbestos
[] Makeshift/salvaged/improvised materials
[] Others, specify

Write "X" in the box opposite the kind of material used in the construction of the roof. This item can be answered through observation but if you are in doubt, ask the respondent on the material used mainly for the roof.
If two or more kinds of roofing materials are used, report the material used in most part of the roof. Thus, for a house with different kinds of roofs, report the material used in the main portion of the housing unit (usually containing the living room/sala and bedrooms). Specify the kind of construction material used for the roof if it is not one of the aforementioned categories.
Bamboo, when used as a roofing material, is included in the category for Wood. On the other hand, housing units in structures such as culverts, bridges, and others should have an "X" mark in the box opposite Makeshift/ salvaged/improvised materials.


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Poland 1988 — source variable PL1988A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Characteristics of households

Fill for the building in which at least one dwelling was enumerated. Answers for questions 1-10 write in only once -- in a first enumerated dwelling. In the forms filled for other dwellings this part should be crossed.

4. Material used for the roof

[] 1 Eternit or tiles
[] 2 Metal plate
[] 3 Roof felt
[] 4 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Characteristics of a building

55. Material used for the roof (question 4) [p. 48]
The 1 symbol -- 'asbestos cement, tile' includes only ceramic materials. Such materials include, despite of mentioned, roofing slate.

The 3 symbol -- 'tarred roofing paper' shield be indicated when the roofing paper is used to cover inflammable materials, as well as when it covers flammable surface.

'Others' category should be used to specify all materials, that are not specified in other categories, so artificial materials, shingle, straw, reed, lath, fiberboard, and others.

If the roof of the building is covered with numerous materials, the dominant one should be specified.


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Rwanda 1991 — source variable RW1991A_ROOF — Roofs
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
For private households
[Questions H1 - H11]


H4. Roofs

Which materials are the roofs made of?

[] 1 Corrugated metal sheet
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Thatch / straw
[] 5 Others


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Rwanda 2002 — source variable RW2002A_ROOF — Main roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

H03. What is the nature of the materials used for the roof of this house?
If this is a building with several floors, take the upper floor into account

[] 1. Corrugated metal sheet
[] 2. Traditional tiles, locally made
[] 3. Modern tiles/slate, industrial
[] 4. Concrete
[] 5. Cardboard/sheeting
[] 6. Thatch/straw
[] 7. Others

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Question H03: Roof materials

There should be no special difficulty in distinguishing the various materials covering the roofs of the houses.

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Rwanda 2012 — source variable RW2012A_ROOF — Roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section H: Housing Units Characteristics

4. What is the main material used for the roof?

In case of a storey [apartment] building, consider the roof of the last floor.

[] 1 Iron Sheets
[] 2 Local tiles
[] 3 Industrial tiles
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Concrete
[] 6 Cartoons/ sheathing
[] 7 Grass
[] 8 Other material
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section H: Housing units characteristics
5.3.5. How to complete Section H: Habitat [H01 to H35]
Questions on habitat are also asked to the household head or his representative.

H04: Roof materials
What is the main material used for the roof?
Encircle the code corresponding to the response given.

1 - Iron sheets
2 - Local tiles
3 - Industrial tiles/sheets
4 - Asbestos
5 - Concrete
6 - Cartoons/Sheeting
7 - Grass
8 - Other material

Note: In case of a storey building, consider the roof of the last floor.


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Saint Lucia 1991 — source variable LC1991A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

1.6 What is the material used for roofing?
[] Sheet metal (zinc, aluminum, galvanize)
[] Shingle (asphalt)
[] Shingle (wood)
[] Shingle (other)
[] Tile
[] Concrete
[] Makeshift
[] Other / don't know


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Senegal 1988 — source variable SN1988A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

H6. Type of roof (head of household)
[] 1 Cement, concrete
[] 2 Zinc sheets, tiles, slates
[] 3 Straw, thatch
[] 4 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

H7) Type of roof
Circle the item corresponding to the prevailing type of material used for the roofs of the dwelling units inhabited by the household.

Note: For item # 2, circle one of the three materials cited. For instance, if the prevailing material is "zinc" (iron sheets), fill in the question the following way:

[An image of how to fill in the questions was removed]

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Senegal 2002 — source variable SN2002A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

E09. Type of roof
[] 1 Cement, concrete
[] 2 Tiles, slates
[] 3 Zinc sheets, iron sheets
[] 4 Straw, thatch
[] 5 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

E09. Type of roof

Circle the item corresponding to the dominant type of material utilized for the roof of the dwelling unit occupied by the household.

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Senegal 2013 — source variable SN2013A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
E- Characteristics of the home environment

E06. Nature and roof coating of the main building

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Tile / slate
[] 3 Zinc
[] 4 Thatch / straw
[] 0 Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
4.5 Part E: characteristics of the dwelling

E06: nature or covering of the roof of the main building
Circle the option corresponding to the nature of the dominant material used for the roof of the dwelling occupied by the household.
[p. 59]
Observe and if possible ask questions to determine the nature of the roof.
The categories are as follows:

1. Concrete
2. Tile/slate;
3. Zinc
4. Stubble/straw;
0. Other

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Sierra Leone 2004 — source variable SL2004A_ROOF — Material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image

Major material of construction of dwelling units


H05. Roof

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Asbestos
[] 3 Zinc
[] 4 Thatch
[] 5 Tarpaulin
[] 6 Tiles
[] 7 Other

Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

Section 2 - Housing facilities


Columns H05 to H07 -- Materials of construction of dwelling units
169. You are required to record answers to H05 to H07 by observation. For example, having observed that the dwelling unit has zinc as the material of construction of the roof and cement as the material of construction of the wall and floor, there is absolutely no reason asking the respondents questions relating to them. Only

[p.22]

ask them in circumstances where you are not absolutely sure which material of construction a house is made of.

170. Record the answer to each of the columns (i.e. column H05 for "Roof", H06 for "Wall" and H07 for "Floor").


Section 2: Housing facilities


Major material of construction of dwelling units


H05 Roof

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Asbestos
[] 3 Zinc
[] 4 Thatch
[] 5 Tarpaulin
[] 6 Tiles
[] 7 Other


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Sierra Leone 2015 — source variable SL2015A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
[Questions H01, H06, and H07 were asked of all people. The rest of the questions in section III were recorded only for respondent's whose indicated type of residence was occupied housing units in question I15]

Major material of construction [Questions H06-H08]

H06. Roof

[] 1. Concrete
[] 2. Asbestos
[] 3. Zinc
[] 4. Thatch
[] 5. Tarpaulin
[] 6. Tiles
[] 7. Other ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section 3: Housing facilities

186. Columns H01 to H19 relate to specific questions concerning the household. They are questions that relate to the household as a whole and not to individual members.

Columns H06 to H08 -- Major materials of construction of dwelling units.
193. You are required to record answers to H06 to H08 by observation. For example, having observed that the dwelling unit has zinc as the material of construction of the roof, cement as the material of construction of the wall and floor, there is absolutely no reason asking the respondents questions relating to them. Only ask them in circumstances where you are not sure which material of construction the house is made of. Ask for major material of construction in order to capture structures that are made of mud but plastered with cement.

194. Record the answer to each of the columns i.e. columns H06 for roof, H07 for wall and H08 for floor.


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South Africa 2011 — source variable ZA2011A_ROOF — Roof material
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
H-02a Construction material
What is the main material used for the construction of the roof and wall of the MAIN dwelling?
Write the appropriate code in the boxes.

Roof _ _
Wall _ _
01. Brick
02. Cement block/Concrete
03. Corrugated iron/zinc
04. Wood
05. Plastic
06. Cardboard
07. Mud and cement mix
08. Wattle and daub
09. Tile
10. Mud
11. Thatch/Grass
12. Asbestos
13. Other
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
10. Section H: Housing (remember to follow instructions)
Purpose: Information collected here is important to all users such as Eskom, Telkom, etc. as it can be used to monitor progress regarding service delivery issues (or lack thereof).

This section must be completed for every household.
H-02: Other dwelling refers to another structure that the household occupies other than the main house/dwelling.

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Suriname 2012 — source variable SR2012A_ROOF — Roofing
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Household module

Part 1: Characteristics of the inhabited building
[Applies to questions 1 - 4]

3. What material is the roof of the building mainly made of?

N.B.: Please provide only one answer.

[] 1 Metal roof sheets / roof tiles (zinc, galvanized, aluminum)
[] 2 Wooden roof tiles (shingles)
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Tiles
[] 5 Asbestos roofing sheets
[] 6 Palm leaves (pina, tasi, etc.)
[] 7 Other, namely ____
[] 97 Don't know
[] 99 No response

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Tanzania 2002 — source variable TZ2002A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image

G. Housing conditions and ownership of properties
These questions are about tools used in house construction, services available in this household (such as water, toilets, electricity), the total number of bedrooms used by the household, and ownership of properties. The head of household is asked these questions. If the head of household is absent, try to get another member of the household to answer these questions on behalf of the head of household.
Usually, if a household is using more than one house, all questions about the material used to construct the house and the electricity used in the house are to be asked for the main house where most household members live.
For Census purposes, a house is a building used by people for living. Workshops or store, places where people do not live, are not involved.
Note: Questions about house are to be asked to private households only. For collective households such as schools, hostels, camps, hospitals, etc. these questions should not be asked because they are not relevant.


Material used in construction of the house where household members live
The aim of questions 29-31 is to know the material used in construction of the main house in which household members live in. These materials are those used in roofing, building walls, and floor of the house.


Question 29: What material is used in roofing the main house?
In this question different types of roofing materials are listed in order to help the enumerator to choose one depending on the answers provided by the respondent.
[Illustration for questions 29, 30, and 31 is omitted]
The following codes are used:

[] 1 Metal sheet
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Grass / palm tree leaves
[] 6 Grass and soil
[] 7 Other

For example, a house has a palm tree leaves roof shade code "5". If a house has a roof with one side grass and the other metal sheets, shade code "1". If a larger part is made of grass, shade code "5".

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Tanzania 2012 — source variable TZ2012A_ROOF — Type of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
G. Housing conditions and ownership of assets

43. What are the main roofing materials used for the main building of this household?

[] 1 Iron sheets
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Concrete
[] 4 Asbestos
[] 5 Grass / leaves
[] 6 Mud and leaves
[] 7 Plastics / box
[] 8 Tent
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Questions 41 to 52 ask about the house characteristics and ownership of assets/properties and they are answered by the head of the household.

These questions ask about types of home ownership and materials used for construction of the house household members live in. Also, these questions aim to understand services available in the house, for example, water, toilets, energy source for cooking and lighting the house.
Explanation/clarification of the question: Answers to these questions will enable the nation understand the level of poverty in the households.

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Togo 2010 — source variable TG2010A_ROOF — Material of roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Dwelling unit

(H03) Material of roof

Circle the appropriate code and record it in the box

[] 1 Reinforced concrete (slab)
[] 2 Tile (fiber cement)
[] 3 Aluminum trough
[] 4 Corrugated iron (zinc)
[] 5 Straw
[] 6 Earth, adobe
[] 7 Leaves, brushwood, clay, bamboo
[] 8 Other (specify) ____
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
[p. 49]

F- Characteristics of the habitat

Question H03: Nature of the roof

This concerns the nature of the roof of the most important building occupied by the household. Circle then record in the box the code corresponding to the nature of the roof of the most important building of the dwelling.

The modalities of possible response are:

1. Reinforced concrete (slab)
2. Tile (fiber cement)
3. Aluminum tray (aluminum)
4. Corrugated sheet (zinc)
5. Straw
6. Clay, adobe
7. Leaves, branches, clay, bamboo
8. Other (to be specified)

For any other nature of roof not indicated above, circle code 8, record it in the box and specify this nature on the dotted lines.


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Trinidad and Tobago 2011 — source variable TT2011A_ROOF — Material of the roof
Questionnaire form view entire document:  text  image
Section 11: Housing - Head of household

A. Characteristics of Building

39. Material of the roof

What is the main material used for roofing?

[] 01 Sheet metal (zinc, aluminum, galvanize)
[] 02 Shingle (asphalt)
[] 03 Shingle (wood)
[] 04 Concrete
[] 05 Tile
[] 06 Thatch/Makeshift
[] 07 Other (specify) ____
[] 09 Not stated
Questionnaire instructions view entire document:  text  image
Section 11 - Housing

11.3. Material of the roof

(i) Sheet metal - This includes zinc, aluminum and galvanize

(ii) Shingle (asphalt)

(iii) Shingle(wood)

(iv) Concrete - This is usually referred to as concrete slab.

(v) Tile - Refers to concrete, clay or other tiles.

(vi) Thatch / Makeshift - A thatch roof usually refers to a roof made up of leaves, especially those of palms. Makeshift refers to cases of any unconventional materials, including flattened metal drums, discarded sheets of metal etc.

(vii) Other - Other types of material of roofing not previously described.

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Uganda 1991 — source variable UG1991A_ROOF — Roofing material
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Roofing material

[] 1 Iron sheets
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Asbestos
[] 4 Concrete
[] 5 Papyrus
[] 6 Grass
[] 7 Banana leafs/fiber
[] 8 Other (specify)

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Dwelling Unit

193. The accommodation occupied by one household is the dwelling unit. And we are concerned in this section with the housing arrangements for this household - with the accommodation it occupies - with its living quarters.


Roofing, wall and floor material

208. These are self-explanatory. If more than one material is used, tick the main one.


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Uganda 2002 — source variable UG2002A_ROOF — Roof material
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H4 Type of material used for construction of the roof
[] 1 Iron sheets
[] 2 Tiles
[] 3 Asbestos
[] 4 Concrete
[] 5 Tins
[] 6 Thatch
[] 7 Other (specify)

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Questions H4 - H6: Type of Material used for Construction of the Roofing, Wall and Floor
217. These refer to the major material used for the construction of the dwelling. If more than one material was used, circle the main one.
218. These materials are usually self-explanatory. However, some explanations are given below:
i. Bricks: These are bricks molded from earth or clay. They may or may not be burnt, and may or may not be stabilized with another material such as lime.
ii. Cement Blocks: These are blocks made out of a mixture of cement and sand.


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Uganda 2014 — source variable UG2014A_ROOF — Main material of roof
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Section 2: Housing conditions

H4 Types of materials mainly used for construction of the roof

[] 10 Iron sheets
[] 11 Tiles
[] 12 Asbestos
[] 13 Concrete
[] 14 Tins
[] 15 Thatch
[] 96 Other

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Uruguay 1963 — source variable UY1963A_ROOF — Roof material
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4. Roof: Predominant materials
[] 1 Made of: concrete sheets, bovedilla (type of vault), with or without tiles

Zinc, fibro-cement, aluminum, asphalt cardboard, tiles:

[] 2 With a flat roof
[] 3 Without a flat roof

[] 4 Straw
[] 5 Tin or waste material
[] 6 Other

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Title IV. Roofs: Predominant materials
128. Make note of the following explanations:

a) A bovedilla is understood to be a terrace roof of bricks built above struts of wood or steel, above which exists a finishing of tiles or, in other cases, of asphalt. It may or may not have tile.

b) Cardboard asphalt (carton asfáltico) is a grooved black sheet that becomes brownish-grey in weather. It is soaked with asphalt. In some cases, it can be painted.

c) When the roof is made from tiles (not when the tiles are over a roof made from materials), they are found over struts of wood which are affixed with wires or nails,


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Uruguay 1985 — source variable UY1985A_ROOF — Roof material
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E. Information about the occupied private dwelling
[Only for the first home or single home]


2. What is the predominant material in the roof of the dwelling?

[] 1 Sheets of concrete, bovedilla [type of vault], with or without tiles

Sheets of zinc, fibro cement, aluminum, asphalt tiles, tiles over framework:

[] 2 With a flat roof
[] 3 Without a flat roof

[] 4 Straw
[] 5 Tin and other waste material
[] 6 Other (specify) ____


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Uruguay 1996 — source variable UY1996A_ROOF — Predominant material of roof
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C. Information about the occupied private dwelling with inhabitants present (only for the 1st home and single home)

[Questions 8-15.]


9. What is the predominant material of the roof?

[] 1 Sheets of cement, bovedilla (type of vault) with or without tiles
[] 2 Sheets of zinc, fibrocement, aluminum, asphalt tiles, tiles over framework, with a flat roof
[] 3 Sheets of zinc, fibrocement, aluminum, asphalt tiles, tiles over framework, without a flat roof
[] 4 Straw
[] 5 Tin or waste material
[] 6 Other

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Question 9. What is the predominant material of the roof?
[] 1 Sheets of cement, bovedilla (type of vault) with or without tiles
[] 2 Sheets of zinc, fibrocement, aluminum, asphalt tiles, tiles over framework, with a flat roof
[] 3 Sheets of zinc, fibrocement, aluminum, asphalt tiles, tiles over framework, without a flat roof
[] 4 Straw
[] 5 Tin or waste material
[] 6 Other


Act like in the previous case. In constructions of more than one floor, fill in the box of the material that corresponds to the roof of the building.

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Uruguay 2006 — source variable UY2006A_ROOF — Material of roof
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3. What is the predominant material of the roof?
[] 1 Concrete with protection (tiles or other)
[] 2 Concrete without protection
[] 3 Light with a flat ceiling
[] 4 Light without a flat ceiling
[] 5 Thatch
[] 6 Waste materials

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3. What is the predominant material of the roof?

This refers to the structural materials and not to the ceiling. In constructions of a multi-story building, it corresponds to the material of the roof of the building.

Circle code 1 if it deals with a heavy material like pieces of concrete, slabs, etc. always when it has some covering that isolates it from humidity (tiles, asphalt, sand, waterproof plaster, Portland cement, etc.).

If it doesn't have this protection or insulation, circle code 2.

In the cases of light roofs, that is to say fiber cement paneling (Dolmenit, Eternit, Fibrolit, etc.), zinc or tiles supported by wood ties, specify the existence or not of a flat ceiling by circling code 3 or 4 according to what corresponds. It is understood that the dwelling has a flat ceiling when the exterior material of the roofs is not visible from the interior of the rooms. This is, when there is a lining of plastic foam, wood, plaster, etc. which is used to isolate or decorate. In order to identify the waste material, use the same criteria as in the previous question.

In the case that the predominant material of the roof is wood and tiles, you must use ceiling material to make the light roof match.

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Uruguay 2011 — source variable UY2011A_ROOF — Roof material
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Data of Private Occupied Dwellings
(Only for the first household or single household)

5. Which is the predominate material of the roof of the dwelling? (VivDV01)
(Read the question and select the appropriate option according to the response)

[] 1 Pressed concrete or slabs with or without tiles
[] 2 Lightweight with ceiling
[] 3 Lightweight without ceiling
[] 4 Quincha (a mud and cane mixture, anti-seismic building material)
[] 5 Waste materials
[] 6 Other
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6.5 Data of Private Occupied Dwellings
(Only for the first household or single household)

  • If it deals with a private unoccupied household, this module doesn't apply and the system returns to the list of addresses.
  • If it deals with a collective occupied dwelling, the system displays below the questions regarding the people that habitually reside in the household.
  • If it deals with a private dwelling and it is detected that it is occupied, the system displays the questions that will be presented below.

Which is the predominate material of the roof of the dwelling?

This question refers to the structural materials of the roof and not the ceiling. When it deals with constructions of more than one floor, it is appropriate to consider to material of the roof of the apartment.

[p. 71]

Concrete slabs or blocks with or without tiles: concrete slabs without considering whether or not there is some covering that protects it from humidity. In this category the concrete roofs with slabs of quincha as a decoration and insulator are included.

  • Lightweight with ceiling: Roof of fiber cement, metal, or tile sheets supported by rafters and wood beams. It has a ceiling when there is an interior covering of espuma plast, wood, plaster, etc., placed with decorative or insulating ends.
  • Lightweight without ceiling: Roof of fiber cement, metal, or tile sheets by rafters and wood beams without an interior covering.
  • Quincha (mud and cane mixture, anti-seismic building material. Roof fabricated in base of a weaving of vegetable fibers, usually straw. This is the material of the roof of the traditional ranches).
  • Waste materials: Materials used previously for objectives other than those of the construction of dwellings, or deteriorated materials (wood, sheets/plates, tin plates, sackcloth, etc.). In the constructions that use this kind of materials, its parts are generally loose and the joints open to wind and rain penetration

.

[p. 72]

  • Other: This consists of materials that cannot be classified in any of the previous categories. The majority of the cases that are presented are covered in the previous categories, so that this option will only be used in very exceptional cases.

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Venezuela 2001 — source variable VE2001A_ROOF — Predominant construction material of roof(s)
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5. Predominant material of the roof
[] Platabanda (a metal structure covered with roofing material or ready for creating a second/third story)
[] Clay tiles
[] Asphalt tiles
[] Metal sheeting [zinc and similar]
[] Asbestos and similar
[] Other (palm, boards, or similar)

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The following materials are included for the roof:
-- "Platabanda": Strip constructed with iron, cement, and usually, cement blocks, planks, long clay bricks or tabelones or bricks.

-- Tile: Semicircle upper covering of baked mud placed in the upper part of "platabanda" [reinforced concrete] roofs, reed, or any other good quality construction material.


[p. 31]
-- Asphalt sheet: Any sheet manufactured with asphalt materials covered in reflective materials.

-- Metallic sheet (corrugated iron and similar): Any metallic sheet used as a roof.

-- Asbestos and similar: Mineral sheets of grayish color, used as a roof.

-- Other: Poor quality or discarded/waste construction materials, such as palm, boards, or similar.


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Vietnam 2009 — source variable VN2009A_ROOF — Material of the roof
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[Questions 45-52 were asked of households that have and are representing the dwelling, as per questions 43 and 44.]


49. What is the main construction material of the roof?

[] 1 Concrete
[] 2 Tile (cement, terra-cotta)
[] 3 Slab (cement, metal)
[] 4 Leaf/straw/oil paper
[] 5 Other (specify) ____

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Question 49: What are the main construction materials of the roof)?
For two (or more) roofs on the house, including the roof and layers that protect against heat or leaks (e.g. iron sheet, cement roofing sheet, plastic sheet, gypsum ceiling, etc.), the enumerator record the base roofing material, not the materials that protect against heat or leaks. For example, for a steel and concrete roof covered with cement-roofing sheets to protect against heat, the enumerator will record the steel and concrete roof. The enumerator asks the question, in combination with viewing, and marks (x) in the appropriate small box.

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Zambia 1990 — source variable ZM1990A_ROOF — Roof material
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H-2 Type of roofing material

[] 1-Concrete / cement
[] 2-Asbestos sheet
[] 3-Iron sheet / corrugated iron sheet
[] 4-Grass / thatch
[] 5-Tiles
[] 6-Other
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H - 1: Type of housing unit

10. In this question we are interested in knowing the different types of housing units as defined on page 19 Chapter III, e.g. single structure, several structures, etc. Enter the appropriate code in the box provided.

11. You can easily see the type of roof the housing unit has. In case it is not very obvious or if in doubt, ask the respondent. Enter the appropriate code in the box provided.


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Zambia 2000 — source variable ZM2000A_ROOF — Main roof material
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2. What is the main type of material on the roof?
[] Concrete/cement
[] Asbestos sheet
[] Iron sheet/corrugated
[] Grass/thatch/straw
[] Tiles
[] Slate
[] Other
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2.7 Building Materials
a. Cement: Is the building material usually greenish to gray in colour and sometimes light brown. It hardens in moist condition.

b. Concrete: Is a mixture of crushed stones, river sand and cement, with the right amount of water. It can be moulded into any shape. It is weak under tensile stress and strong under compression.

8

c. Iron Sheets: Usually galvanised iron sheets or can be corrugated. These are the lightest roofing materials and can be obtained in length from 1.2 metres to 3.6 metres. Large lengths can be obtained on special order. They can also be used for walls when flat.

d. Grass Thatch: Traditional roofing material which works well at angles of 35° and more with thatch thickness of 12 centimetre to 15 centimetre. The thatch thickness increases with the decline in angle.

e. Tile: Roof Tiles- small rectangular roofing materials made from fine concrete quarry and slates. Floor Tiles can be PVC or baked clay. If they are baked clay, they are called quarry tiles. They have a rough glazed finish on the face and are about 6 millimeters thick or more.

f. Slates: Thin heavy flat stones formed from layers of mud under extreme heat and pressure after a length of time.

g. Burnt Brick: Brick moulded from seasoned clay and burnt to a temperature of 1,300 degrees Celsius.

h. Mud Brick: Kimberly brick or Adope brick are the technical terms. Brick made of mud and sun dried.

i. Concrete Blocks: Building units made out of a mixture of concrete can be fine concrete or coarse concrete.

j. Wood: Processed plank - material from tree trunks used in construction as timber.

k. Hardboard: Heavy thin boards usually 4 millimeters to 8 millimeters in width.

l. Mud Floor: Is usually from treated or seasoned clay mixed with cow dung. It makes a hard shiny floor. It is mostly found in traditional houses.

m. Wooden Floor: Usually floor above ground level and not popular here in Zambia due to our climate.

n. Marble: Used in high cost building. It can be in the form of tiles or slabs. It makes a high durable shine. Marble are cut from stone (marble stone) in flat sheet and polished to give a shiny finish.

o. Terrazo: Floors made out of concrete with a selected course aggregate of 13 millimeter or slightly less. The top is grinned flat with a machine and then polished. The floor finish is usually black or white.
H2: Type of Roofing Material
You can easily identify the type of roof the housing unit has. In case it is not very obvious or if in doubt ask the respondent. Shade the appropriate code.

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Zambia 2010 — source variable ZM2010A_ROOF — Main roof material
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H2. What is the main type of material used for the roof?
[] 1 Thatch / Palm leaf
[] 2 Rustic mat
[] 3 Palm / Bamboo
[] 4 Wood planks
[] 5 Cardboard
[] 6 Metal / Iron sheets
[] 7 Wood
[] Asbestos
[] 9 Ceramic tiles / Harvey tiles
[] 10 Cement
[] 11 Roofing shingles
[] 12 Mud tiles
[] 13 Other
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H - 2: What is the main type of material used for the roof?

You can easily identify the type of roof the housing unit has. In case it is not very obvious or if in doubt, ask the respondent. Shade the appropriate code.

  • Thatch/Palm Leaf: Traditional roofing material which works well at angles of 35o and more with thatch thickness of 12 centimeters to 15 centimeters. The thatch thickness increases with the decline in angle
  • Palm/Bamboo: A bamboo is a plant which is a type of grass with a hard, woody, hollow stem.
  • Wood Planks: This is stout length of sawn timber, made in a wide variety of sizes and used for building materials.
  • Cardboard: Are prefabricated boxes primary used for packaging goods and materials.
  • Metal/Iron Sheets: Usually galvanized iron sheets or can be corrugated. These are the lightest roofing materials and can be obtained in length from 1.2 meters to 3.6 meters. Large lengths can be obtained on special order. They can also be used for walls when flat.
  • Wood: Processed plank - material from tree trunks used in construction as timber.
  • Asbestos: Is a mineral fiber that is used commonly in a variety of building construction material for insulation and as a fire retardant.
  • Ceramic Tiles/Harvey Tiles: Roof Tiles; small rectangular roofing materials made from fine concrete quarry and slates.
  • Cement: Cement is a fine soft, powdery type substance made from a mixture of elements that are found in natural materials such as limestone, clay sand and/ or shale.
  • Roofing Shingles: Are a roof covering consisting of individual overlapping element that are typically flat rectangular shapes laid in rows from the bottom edge of the roof up, with each successive higher row overlapping the joints in the row below.
  • Other: Whatever is not mentioned above.