| Malawi 1987 |
| Malawi 1998 |
| Malawi 2008 |
k. Education
S1: Standard 1 etc. [S2 = Standard 2, S3 = Standard 3...]
F1: Form 1 etc. [F2 = Form 2, F3 = Form 3...]
University:
D: Diploma
G: Graduate
Persons aged 5 years or more
[Questions (j) and (k) on Literacy and Education apply only to persons aged 5 years or more. Never ask any of these questions to persons younger than 5 years]
(k) Education
Highest level attended: Write the highest level of education attended by each person in a formal educational institution in the appropriate space provided before columns 33-34 using the following abbreviations:
[] S1 Standard 1
[] S2 Standard 2
[] S3 Standard 3
[] S4 Standard 4
[] S5 Standard 5
[] S6 Standard 6
[] S7 Standard 7
[] S8 Standard 8
[] F1 Form 1
[] F2 Form 2
[] F3 Form 3
[] F4 Form 4
[] F5 Form 5
[] F6 Form 6
[p. 23]
[] U2 University 2nd year
[] U3 University 3rd year
[] U4 University 4th year
[] U5 University 5th year
[] U6 University 6th year
[] D Diplomate
[] G Graduate
Leave columns 33-34 blank for office use.
For those who report to have attended up to primary school any time before 1962 or up to secondary school before 1966. You should use the Education Conversation Chart below to convert their responses to conform to the present class levels as given in the column for 1966-87.
B14. Education: highest level attended?
Primary:
[] 02 Standard 2
[] 03 Standard 3
[] 04 Standard 4
[] 05 Standard 5
[] 06 Standard 6
[] 07 Standard 7
[] 08 Standard 8
[] 10 Form 2
[] 11 Form 3
[] 12 Form 4
[] 13 Form 5
[] 14 Form 6
[] 16 Year 2
[] 17 Year 3
[] 18 Year 4
[] 19 Year 5
[] 20 Year 6
[] 21 Year 7
3. Persons age 5 years or older
Highest level of education attended: This refers to the highest level of education a person attended, irrespective of whether or not he or she has actually written or passed any examination at that level. This is also irrespective of whether or not one was in school or not in August, 1998.
B14. Highest level attended: Ask the respondent about the highest level of education attended for each member of the household aged 5 years or over. Record the appropriate code in the two boxes in column B14. For example, for a man who reached but did not complete standard 7, he should be considered as having attended 7 years of primary school. You should record '07' in column B14. If a girl repeated standard 8, her highest level attended will be standard 8 and you should record "08" in column B14.
b. Some people may not remember the highest class or standard they reached, and others may have been educated in another country where different names are given to classes. In such cases you should ask how many years that they spent at school and enter the appropriate code for the class from the chart. Bear in mind that pupils sometimes repeat classes and where appropriate you should ask a question about this. In particular you must not assume that because a person spent more than eight years at school then it means he attended a secondary school. You will only record him as attending secondary school if he confirms that he actually did so.
[Education conversion chart, showing current equivalence to historical education classifications is omitted]
P18. What is the highest level of school [the respondent] attended or is attending? And how many years of school did he/she complete at that level?
[] 1 Primary
[] 2 Secondary
[] 3 University
[] 4 Other tertiary
Number of years [up to 8]: ____
P18. Highest level of school and years attended
The question should only be asked to household members age 3 years or older. Two types of questions should be asked: highest level of school and number of years of schooling.
The highest level should be irrespective of whether or not he/she has actually written or passed any examination at that level. It should be irrespective of whether or not one is currently in school or not.
The enumerator should also shade, in the second row, the appropriate code for the number of years attended at that particular level.
Example: If a man/woman reached but did not complete standard 7, he/she should be considered as having attended 7 years of primary school. Thus, Shade code 1 for highest level and 7 for number of years attended. If one repeated standard 8, shade 1 for highest level attended and 8 for years attended.
Most people who left school before 1966 will tend to give the names of the classes used when they were at school and which are no longer being used. In this case, before you enter the number referring to the highest class reached, you must ask for the year in which they left school. This will enable you to convert their answers to the modern class names through the use of an "Educational conversion chart" which is on page 45 of this manual. For instance, Sub A and Sub B are to be recorded as standards 1 and 2 respectively; old standard 5 as standard 7; old standard 8 as form 2, respectively, etc. You should always check whether the person is giving old class names before making an entry in the questionnaire.
Some people may not remember the highest class or standard they reached, and others may have been educated in another country where different names are given to classes. In such cases you should ask how many years they spent at school and shade the appropriate code for the class from the chart. Bear in mind that pupils sometimes repeat classes and where appropriate you should ask a question about this. In particular you must not assume that because a person spent more than eight years at school then it means he/she attended a secondary school. You will only record him as attending secondary school if he/she confirms that he actually did so.