Codes and Frequencies
An 'X' indicates the category is available for that sample
| Code | Label |
laos
1995
|
laos
2005
|
laos
2015
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 000 | NIU (not in universe) | X | X | X |
| 100 | None | X | X | X |
| 200 | Primary education | · | · | · |
| 201 | Grade 1 | X | X | X |
| 202 | Grade 2 | X | X | X |
| 203 | Grade 3 | X | X | X |
| 204 | Grade 4 | X | X | X |
| 205 | Grade 5 | X | X | X |
| 206 | Grade 6 | X | X | X |
| 300 | Secondary | · | · | · |
| 310 | Lower secondary | · | · | · |
| 311 | Grade 1 | X | X | X |
| 312 | Grade 2 | X | X | X |
| 313 | Grade 3 | X | X | X |
| 314 | Grade 4 | X | · | X |
| 330 | Upper secondary | · | · | · |
| 331 | Grade 1 | X | X | X |
| 332 | Grade 2 | X | X | X |
| 333 | Grade 3 | X | X | X |
| 400 | Vocational | · | · | · |
| 410 | First level | X | X | X |
| 420 | Middle level | X | X | X |
| 500 | Tertiary | · | · | · |
| 510 | High level or university | X | X | · |
| 511 | Vocational high level | · | · | X |
| Code | Label |
laos
1995
|
laos
2005
|
laos
2015
|
| 512 | University | · | · | X |
| 520 | Post-graduate | X | X | · |
| 521 | Post-graduate, masters | · | · | X |
| 522 | Higher than post-graduate | · | · | X |
| 900 | Others | X | · | · |
| 999 | Unknown | X | X | X |
Can't find the category you are looking for? Try the Detailed codes
Explore how IPUMS created this variable
Most IPUMS data transformations are performed using variable harmonization tables that specify how each value in the source data is recoded. Some variables also require programming logic in addition to the harmonization table. The harmonization documents for this variable are:
- Harmonization table
- Supplemental programming
- Instructions for interpreting harmonization documents
class Educla : public Editor {
public:
Educla(VarPointer varInfo) : Editor(varInfo) {}
void edit() {
long a = getRecoded();
switch (dataSet) {
case dataset_id::la2005a: {
if (LA2005A_0414() == 99 && LA2005A_0413() == 1)
a = 100;
if (LA2005A_0415() == 1)
a = 410;
if (LA2005A_0415() == 2)
a = 420;
if (LA2005A_0414() == 33 && LA2005A_0415() == 3)
a = 510;
if (LA2005A_0414() == 33 && LA2005A_0415() == 4)
a = 520;
} break;
}
setData(a);
}
};
Description
EDUCLA indicates the person's educational attainment in Laos in terms of the level of schooling completed.
Comparability — General
The education system in Laos changed across samples:
- Before 1975, the structure was 6-4-3, including 6 years of primary, 4 years of lower secondary, and 3 years of upper secondary.
- The education system then changed to a 5-3-3 structure, consisting of 5 years of primary, 3 years of lower secondary, and 3 years of upper secondary.
- After 2009, Laos had a 5-4-3 system, with 5 years of primary, 4 years of lower secondary, and 3 years of upper secondary.
The 1995-2015 samples provide information about the level and grade completed up to upper secondary.
Technical vocational education and training (TVET) is offered parallel to secondary tracks or as post-secondary education. Thus, graduates from primary, lower secondary, or upper secondary can access vocational programs. Higher education consists of associate (3 years), bachelor (5 to 7 years), masters (1 to 2 years), and Ph.D. degrees (at least 3 years).
The 2005 sample provides separately information on the level of vocational or higher education attained. Persons declaring high level, university, or post-graduate were classified into tertiary, if they also reported upper secondary complete; while those with the first or middle level are considered to have completed vocational training.
Universe
- Laos 1995: Persons age 6+
- Laos 2005: Persons age 6+
- Laos 2015: Persons age 6+
Availability
- Laos: 1995, 2005, 2015
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