[p. 4]

I. Introduction

1.1 Usefulness of the Population and Dwelling censuses

Undertaking a Population and Dwelling Census is like taking a gigantic photograph of all the dwellings, households and people present in one determined moment at the same time, without omissions or duplications.

From this, it is possible to know the most simple to most complex information based on the relationship of this information within it or with information from other sources.

For example, information like the total population of the country or of one particular area, how many are men and how many are women, what are their ages, where they live, etc. permit us -- among a multiplicity of aspects -- to detect, quantify and characterize needs in particular places in the territory, linked for example, to inhabitation, education, health, etc.

One can say -- in a general form -- that the Census supplies the statistical data of an essential base for the making and implementing of plans and programs in different areas of economic and social activities of the country, both for the public as well as the private sector.

Also it is important to point out that a Census, along with its value itself, has a relation to the previous censuses which collect information among themselves at an adequate distance (ten years is common). A group of different censuses can be assimilated into a filming made in close up, a great photo every ten years. Comparing the information obtained in each "photo" in succession in time permits us, then, to have an idea of the "movement" or the tendencies of the society photographed at the same time.

Themes like migration, economic activity of people, educational level, satisfaction of the basic necessities of households -- among other aspects -- acquire more meaning and multiply their needs when they are analyzed in this manner.

But along with the direct and indirect statistical information, censuses also provide a continuous essential point of reference provided from other sources, such as the "frame" or the "backdrop" for making of samples for diverse polls and other special studies.

The importance of the censuses is evident, like the benefits that can be gotten from them. It is from here that we, the organizers and you all, who are collaborating in a decided form, are promised to make sure that the next Census "photo" will be as clear as possible.

1.2 Importance of the enumeration

The enumeration is one of the fundamental activities of the Census: on it will depend the quality of information received by the Census, and consequently, the usefulness that can be made from it. The rest of the activities of the Census, both before and after the enumeration, will lose validity if the enumeration does not fulfill the conditions of being total and exact.

Total : register all information that is asked in the Census questionnaires of all people, households and dwellings of this country.

Exact: register loyally all responses that enumerated people tell you, without omitting, modifying, suggesting or inventing any.

So that the enumeration is done in only one day with maximum perfection, many hours of previous work by a large amount of people, including you, will be necessary. All converges on the day of the Census in which you, we and many thousands more people will begin the Census operative. On the effort that you and we all put into the strict completion of the different functions -- attending to your obligations and specific prohibitions in each one of the positions that we will do in this operative -- will the success of the Census depend.

1.2.1 Principal obligations of the enumerator
a) Carefully reading this whole manual before the instruction sessions. It is essential for having uniformity of criteria in the collection of information and for reinforcing information acquired in the course.

b) Attending the instruction sessions.

c) Carefully revising the Census questionnaire and the rest of the documents, to familiarize yourself with its use.

d) Bringing with you the credential that identifies you as enumerator on the day of the Census.

e) Making the marks and registering the numbers and words in the Census questionnaire in the manner established in this manual.

f) Always taking care of the Census materials, since they are very important. They should always be complete and under your control, keeping them free of marks, tears or stains that affect their integrity.

g) Finishing the enumeration the same day of the Census. Excluding special cases that will be authorized expressly by the head of segment, the whole enumeration should be completed in the same day.

h) Turning in the corresponding material to your head of segment in the agreed place for it, with the complete information of the area of enumeration that they assigned you.

1.2.2 What the enumerator should not do
The enumerator is expressly prohibited from:

• Divulging or commenting on information given by an informant. Doing it is equal to violating the statistical secret, especially guaranteed by Law 16.616, which has severe sanctions.
• Delegating your job to another person or doing the interviews accompanied by people not related to the Census. In the case of doing your work with a companion, this person should be authorized by the head of segment and will be armed with their respective Census credential.

[p. 5]

• c) Suggesting responses to those being enumerated. Helping an enumerated person never consists of responding for them.
• d) Abandoning your work before finishing the corresponding interviews in your area of enumeration.
• e) Renouncing your designation as enumerator.

II Functions of the enumerator

II.1 Before the enumeration

• Identify your area of enumeration with the map and make your route previous to the day of the Census, in order to familiarize yourself with the route and particularly identifying the borders.
• Consult immediately with the head of segment in the case of finding any error in the map or if you have any doubt about the route. The errors should be corrected before the day of the Census.
• Investigate in your area of enumeration places in which you will find people who eventually should be enumerated. Find out in businesses, garages, stables, industrial buildings, etc. Also do not omit churches, schools, public buildings, offices, banks, etc. Remember that these might be closed on the day of the Census; nevertheless, households can be found inside of them.
• Verify in your previous route the possible existence of buildings that can have more than one entrance and which can be entered from your area of enumeration and from a neighboring area of enumeration. The most common case is of apartment buildings and also in businesses (stores, bars, drugstores, etc.). Remember that, although it is a business, people can live there. If on your route you find any building with this characteristic, communicate it to the head of segment to determine to which of the areas of enumeration this building belongs.
• If you must enumerate in an area without city blocks or urbanized, the route will not be previously established by the head of segment. In this case, you should previously plan the order in which you will make the visits, identifying each building or dwelling with the purpose of not omitting any.

II.2 The day of the Census

• Meet at the office of the segment at 7 in the morning, receive the Census material and begin the enumeration. In rural segments you will proceed according to the directions of the head of segment.
• Begin the enumeration at 8 in the morning in the first dwelling of the pre-established route of your area of enumeration.
• Identify yourself, in each dwelling, as enumerator, showing your Census credential.
• Always be friendly and courteous during the interview.
• Indicate that the information you receive is confidential.
• Directly ask for information to the head [male] or head [female] of household and to every one of the people age 14 or older who make up a household. The information of those younger than 14 will be given by the head of household or -- in their absence -- by an adult who is a member.
• Register in the Census questionnaire information for each of the dwellings, households and people, without forgetting children or elderly.
• Before finishing the interview, make sure that you have included all the people who correspond to the enumeration in this household and verify that you have written down all the pertinent information of each one of them.
• When leaving the dwelling do not forget to thank for the collaboration given.
• Follow the instructions of the head of segment and inform about non normal situations that can present themselves in the development of your duty.
• When finishing your route, make sure you have enumerated all the dwellings in your area of enumeration.
• Carefully review all Census questionnaires used, verifying that the information of geographic identification written down in each one of is exactly the same as it appears on the sleeve of the enumeration folder.
• Next, proceed to filling out the form of "Preliminary count sheet" of the enumerator.
• Turn in all the material, correctly ordered, to your head of segment and wait for directions.
• Do not forget to ask for your certificate of action before leaving.

II.3 Special directives

II.3.1 How to approach the interviews
All people will be informed of the realization and importance of the Census and -- in a larger or smaller scale -- will know the questions that you will ask in each household.

Upon presenting yourself, show your documents and stress the confidential nature of the information that they will give you. If you find resistance to responding to any of the questions, point out to the head of household that it is obligatory to give the information.

Do not hurry in your duty but also do not delay. Avoid making any conversation about political, religious or sporting themes and, in general, overall what does not refer specifically to the Census.

In every moment you should employ respect, common sense, patience and tact. Always make sure that each question is understood. Each time it is not understood, repeat it, without seeming to be bothered. If some explanation is necessary, try to explain briefly, without suggesting the response to the informant.

The enumerated person is the one who should respond and you should concentrate on registering exactly what they tell you.

[p. 6]

When finishing your interview and before leaving, verify that the Census questionnaire is complete and thank your informants for their collaboration.

II.3.2 How to proceed when they do not respond to your call in a dwelling
If they do not respond to your call, you should find out from the neighbors if a dwelling is unoccupied or it is a momentary absence.

In this last case, assign the Census questionnaire with its corresponding number, fill in the line of the Control sheet of the enumeration, write down "Return to this dwelling" in the space meant for "Complementary notations" and leave this dwelling to be enumerated later. Remember that you should repeat your visits as many times as necessary on the day of the Census.

If in spite of this you are not able to enumerate its occupants, record it in the Control sheet of enumeration and communicate it to your head of segment.

II.3.3 Rejection of the interview
If in any household you find total resistance to giving information, try to persuade the head of household, explaining the objectives of the Census.

If you are not successful, fill out part A "Geographic identification" of the Census Questionnaire and register this household in the control sheet, not forgetting to indicate the situation in the space for "Complementary notations". You should communicate this fact personally to your head of segment.

If in a household they inform you that they already have been enumerated, you should make sure that it was, collecting information about this previous enumerator. Write down this fact in the column of "Complementary notations" of the control sheet and consult with your head of sector.

II.3.4 People without dwellings
If in your route you find any person without dwelling (vagabond, traveler), do not register their information in the Census questionnaire since these people will have been enumerated at a different time by the head of segment.

III Equipment of the enumerator: documents and work materials

You should begin your route carrying the following documents of information:

• The enumeration folder
• Census questionnaires, in number according to the dwellings and households of the route that corresponds to you.
• Control sheets, in number according to the registry of all the buildings, dwellings and households that you are going to find in your route in your area of enumeration.
• Forms of preliminary count of dwellings, households and people of the enumerator.

Also, to do the enumeration you should carry the following work materials:

• Enumerator manual
• Census credential that credits you as enumerator
• The pencil that you have been given to complete the Census questionnaires. Remember that it cannot be replaced with any other.
• The rubber eraser that you have been given. Same as the pencil, you should not use any other.
• Pencil sharpener

When leaving the segment office to begin the enumeration, verify that you have all the reviewed materials and documents, in quantity appropriate for your job.

IV Basic concepts and definitions

IV.1 Geographic identification
For effects of the Census, the national territory has been divided and subdivided into distinct parts with clearly established boundaries in the cartography or Census maps. Each one of these divisions has a number (code) that permits us to identify this portion of the territory in an exact form.

These divisions correspond also to the Census organization, in which each of them is responsible for the Census activities within its borders.

All the documents should include without errors these codes of geographic identification in the places established for this purpose. Any error that is identified in the transcription of these figures will make this Census document be assigned to an incorrect Census division.

Census department: It coincides with the political-administrative departmental boundaries. For effects of the Census organization, the departments of Canelones, Colonia and San José have been subdivided. In these cases, each sub-division is organized as a Census department.

Census section: It is an intermediate subdivision of the Department for effects of the Census.

Census segment: The Census sections are sub-divided once again into segments. They are a group of zones. It is a fundamental unit for the organization of the carrying out of the Census. They should have agreed dimensions so that on the day of the Census it can be covered by approximately 20 to 25 enumerators, the figure according to the organization and supervision that the head of segment will provide.

[p. 7]

Zone: In the urban areas is corresponds generally with a "city block".
In rural areas it in the last differential division in the maps and is determined by physical limits of easy recognition in the land. It is considered a portion of territory that, one hopes, can be covered on the day of the Census by a limited number of enumerators.

Border: It is that which limits a Census zone from city blocks or urbanized areas. Borders of a typical polygonal city block are each of its sidewalks. In some cases, borders can be constituted by a fence or a geographic feature, river, stream, etc. In the case of habitation groups divided into zones, the borders are constituted by pedestrian or vehicle paths.
Each border will have a border number that identifies it in the map of the zone that will be given to the enumerator in the folder.

Number of the enumerator: It will identify the part of the territory that should be covered by a single enumerator on the day of the census. It will be able to coincide with the borders of the Census zone or be part of it. A head of segment also will be able to assign various zones to the same enumerator depending on the density of the population existing dwellings.
In all the cases the enumerator will put the number that has been assigned in the Census materials.

IV.2 Principal concepts
Dwelling: It is any room or group of rooms and their dependencies that occupy a building or a part structurally separated from it and that, by the way in which they have been constructed or transformed, are meant to be inhabited by people and, on the Census date, were not used only for other purposes.

To be considered a dwelling, a group of rooms and dependencies should necessarily have independent and separate access.

Independent means that people who inhabit it return to it without passing through rooms of other dwellings. The dwellings should have direct access to the street or well enough to halls or corridors or stairs of common use by the inhabitants of other dwellings.

Separate means that a dwelling is surrounded by walls that separate it from other dwellings.

The Census considers also as dwelling a fixed or mobile lodging in which any person [slept] the night before the day of the Census.

A building under construction is always considered a dwelling when it has a roof and vertical enclosures even if it is not occupied. In the case of these conditions not being fulfilled, but that -- at the moment of the Census -- a person slept there the night before, it should be considered a dwelling in the conditions referred to in the previous paragraph.

Dwellings are classified as private and collective.

Private dwelling: It is a dwelling that is occupied by one or more private households.

Collective dwelling: It is occupied by a collective household.

People in the household
Remember that the Census is de facto, that is to say, one should enumerate the people in the household where the stayed during the night before the day of the Census, whether they have habitual residence there or not. In each household these people should be enumerated:

• All people who stayed or slept in the household the night before the day of the Census, even if they are not present at the moment that you arrive at this household. The Census is interested in all the people who slept in this dwelling on this night.
• People who -- being absent this night for work reasons -- returned or will return to the household in the morning of the day of the Census, for example: night watchman, doctors, nurses, police, etc.

Remember that you should include all children born in the household before zero hour on the day of the Census and all people who died in the same household after this time. If these people were born or died in hospitals or clinics, they will be enumerated in these places.

[p. 8]

V. Census documents of information

The documents that you will use during the enumeration are:

• The Census folder of enumeration,
• The control sheet of enumeration, and
• The Census questionnaire.

After the enumeration you will also need:

• The form of the preliminary count of the dwellings, households and people of the enumerator.

V.1 Census folder of the zone

[Below the text is a form]

Geographic identification of the area you should enumerate. This identification is composed of codes of the department, locality, Census section, segment and zone and also the number of the enumerator (the number that the head of segment will have assigned to you).

If you are in an urbanized area, this part it will indicate the borders of the zone you should enumerate.

Detail the route that your head of segment has assigned to you in the Census zone where you should enumerate. The folder contains inside it an attached sheet with:

[p. 9]

V.2 The control sheet

It is the form that helps you to enumerate orderly your area of enumeration (See "Control sheet, adjunct").

As well as all the documents of enumeration, you should transcribe in it all the codes of geographic identification that are in your folder of enumeration, always verifying that they are exact.

You will register in every line in the control sheet all the buildings that you find on this route whether inhabited or not and have served or not, as place of lodging the night before the day of the Census.

Each building that you register in the sheet will have as geographic reference the number of the border that is in the map of the zone and the complete address (in urban areas) and other references (in rural areas).

At the bottom of each page of the control sheet you should total the number of men, women and total number that you have enumerated, to transfer later the general total of your area of enumeration, when it has been completed. This total number will help when filling out the form of the preliminary count of the enumerator.

V.3 The Census questionnaire

Seven large thematic blocks can be identified in Census questionnaire (See "Control sheet, adjunct"), they are:

V.3.1 A. Geographic identification
In this part is necessary information for the identification of the dwelling and household that corresponds to the questionnaire.

This identification is made up of:

• The codes of the department, section, segment, zone, enumerator and border, which should be copied from the sleeve of the folder of the enumerator and the map of the zone.
• The address of the dwellings, whose specifications will be different if it is found in an urban or rural area.

V.3.2 B. Type of dwelling and occupation
In this block the type of dwelling should be indicated, according to whether it is private or collective (question 6).

Also the condition of occupation of it will be indicated (question 7).

V.3.3 C. Information about the private dwelling occupied by inhabitants present (only for the first household of a dwelling or a single household)
As indicated in the title, this block of the questionnaire will be completed only in the case of a private dwelling occupied by inhabitants present. The private unoccupied dwelling or occupied with inhabitants absent will have completed the information in question 7.

V.3.4 D. Households in a private occupied dwelling occupied dwelling with inhabitants present
This block of the Census questionnaire is very important, since the number of households that share an enumerated private dwelling is specified in it. Because of this you should remember the definition of private household with precision.

Remember that you should use a Census questionnaire for each household that you find in a private dwelling.

Remember that when there is more than one household in a private dwelling:

• Repeat the information of geographic identification and write down the same order number of the dwelling in Question 2.
• Write down and mark the order number of the household within the dwelling that corresponds to Question 3.
• Leave Blocks B, C and D black
• Continue completing the questionnaire in Block E. Information about the private household -- with the specific information of the Household that is being enumerated.

V.3.5 E. Information on a private dwelling
This block of the questionnaire contains questions about the diverse aspects of the specific household that is being enumerated.

Remember that -- when more than one household exists in a dwelling -- the responses of this block should be referred exclusively to the enumerated.

[p.10]

V.3.6 F. People who make up a household
This is also another block of the questionnaire to which you should pay attention, given that the list and total number of people who make up the household are specified in it, according to the criteria of the de facto Census.

Observe that the list of Question 12 has space for six persons. If you find a household with more than six people, you should use as many additional questionnaires as necessary to complete the total list of persons of this household.

In this case, you should:

V.3.7 G. People in a household
This is the block meant for each one of the people who are enumerated in the household. There will be a different page meant for each one of them, including them in the same order as they were written down in the list in Block F before seeing them.

As you will see, each page has four different parts with groups of questions, whose application depends on the age of the enumerated person.

• For all people. Group of questions to be asked to all people, whatever their age.
• For all people age 3 or older. It means that if you are enumerating a person younger than 3, finish the questions in number 10 and you will go to the next person, if necessary.
• For people age 12 or older. If a person who you are enumerating is younger than 12, the questions starting with this inclusive part are not applicable.
• For women age 15 or older. This group of questions should be applied to all women age 15 or older, whatever their marital status. Only if you are enumerating a man or a woman younger than 15, finish the enumeration of the person with Question 28 (if necessary) and go to the next person, if they exist.

V.4 The form of the preliminary count of the enumerator
This form (see "Form adjunct") is meant for collecting information about the total number of dwellings, (collective and private), total number of households and total number of people (men, women and total number) that you have enumerated in the area that your head of segment assigned to you in a Census zone. If you had to enumerate more than one zone, you should fill out a form for each zone.

This form will permit your head of segment to fill out their own form of preliminary count with the corresponding totals of all the zones of the segment, in order to arrive at total numbers of this level. With these, at the same time, the head of segment will be able to do their own for their section and pass the total preliminary numbers to the departmental delegate and as such rapidly get the first results of the Census at the national level in the hours after finalizing the enumeration.

VI How to complete the control sheet

Before beginning the enumeration, transfer to the control sheet the information about geographic identification, as it is in the folder of enumeration, writing down also the name of the department.

If you are enumerating in a Census area in an urbanized area you should take into account that in column (1) you should always indicate the number of the border in which it is found, according to the numbering of the borders that your head of segment will have indicated to you in the map of the zone.

Many times we do not gain access to buildings directly from the border that makes up the zone, but rather that secondary access ways exist for arriving at them.

These ways of access can be of the various types:

In these cases buildings should be associated with the number of the border by which we access the building. That is to say, within the zone there exists, in some cases, streets or [illegible] with names different than the borders that limit it.

Another possibility is that a building has access by two different borders. In this case, it is recommended to take the principal entrance as access. In cases in which you should go to one of these borders and the other has been assigned to another enumerator, ask for instructions from your head of segment.

In case an entrance of a building is found in a corner, one should write the number of the border corresponding to the street or way that corresponds to the number on the door of the building.
In the control sheet there is a line for each dwelling, each household and each building meant for other uses -- including buildings under construction that you find in your route, writing down each corresponding construction.
In case no buildings exists in any of the borders of the zone that you should enumerate, equally assign to them a line in the control sheet, writing down the number of the border and the name of the street in columns (1) and (2) and indicate this condition ("No buildings exist") in column (16) "Complementary notations".

[p. 11]

If a single building is meant for more than one simultaneous use, (for example store and dwelling) each one of the uses will be registered in a different line on the control sheet, repeating the number of the building in column (3).

If a building is not a dwelling, only write it in columns (1) to (8) of the control sheet, writing down the specific use in column (16), for example: retail food store, workshop for shoe repair, factory of wire fabrics, etc. In this case it does not correspond to the Census questionnaire.

If a building is a dwelling or a place in which any person spent the night the night before the day of the Census (even if it is not a building meant to be a dwelling), you should fill out columns (1) to (9) and (11) to (16). In these cases you should complete the corresponding Census questionnaire.
When it is a dwelling, in column (9) circle the number:

In column (11) (No. dwelling), you will assign a number in correlative order beginning with first, to each house, apartment or place where one or more person has spent the night at least the night before the day of the Census. Also you should consider for assigning of said correlative number, unoccupied dwellings.

In the case of apartment buildings under construction that have finished roofs and vertical enclosures, find out how many apartments it has and consider them as unoccupied dwellings finishing construction or repair. Assign to each unit an order number and its corresponding Census questionnaire. If it is an individual house, proceed in the same manner.
However, if a building does not have finished roofs or vertical enclosures, only register it in the control sheet, writing in "Complementary notations" that it is a building under construction. If it is construction of a building of dwellings, indicate in "Complementary notations" the approximate number of them, without assigning an order number to the dwelling. In this case do not fill out a Census questionnaire.

In case the dwelling is shared by more than one household, each household will be registered in a corresponding Census questionnaire. Also, in the control sheet one line is meant for each household. In each of these lines will be the same order number of the dwelling (because the dwelling is the same), but the number of the private household within the dwelling will be different.
Then fill out columns (11) and (12), you should begin a Census questionnaire and proceed to enumerating the household, registering all information asked for in the questionnaire.
Upon finishing the interview -- when you have completed the Census questionnaire and revised the total numbers of Block F -- return to the control sheet and write down the number men, women and the total number of people who you have enumerated in this household in columns (13), (14) and (15).
Register in column (16) "Complementary notations" the following information if it corresponds:

Once a page of the control sheet is completed, total columns (13), (14) and (15) and when the enumeration of the zone is finished, total these columns on the back of the control sheet.
Remember to number the sheets that you use in correlative order indicating also the total number of sheets that you have completed for your route of the Census zone in the space in the upper right of the sheet. It will avoid that they fall out of order or you misplace them.

Example of filling out the control sheet
Your head of segment has assigned you an area of enumeration made of Borders 1 and 2 of Zone 7 of Segment 11, Census Section 42 of the Department of Montevideo.

[Below the text is a filled out form]

[p.12]

Begin your route on Border 1 (Emiliano Mulligan Street), and these are the situations you will find:

[p.13]VII How to complete the form of the preliminary count of the enumerator

Transfer the codes of geographic identification from the sleeve of the folder of enumeration (see the form "Adjunct").

Number of dwellings

Number of households: Count the lines that are used (those in which you wrote down a number) above column (12) of the control sheet of the enumeration.

Number of people: Extract the figures of men, women and total number directly from the final sum that you have written in your control sheet of the enumeration.

Do not forget to write down your name and sign the form of preliminary count of dwellings, households and people, before turning it in to your head of segment.

Example of filling out the form of preliminary recount of the enumerator
The form that follows has been completed with the information of the example of filling out of the control sheet presented in the previous chapter. Analyze it according the instructions detailed earlier.

[Below the text is a filled out form]

[p. 14]

VIII How to fill out the Census questionnaire

Remember that -- as we said before -- the Census questionnaire has many blocks and parts. Also it has two types of information to complete.

a) On one side, those that correspond to the obtained answers once the questions are asked as they are worded in the questionnaire.

b) On the other:

• Information that responds to the necessity of identifying the questionnaires within the Census group, which are included in part "A. Geographic location" and that you will transfer exactly from your folder of enumeration. Also, within this type of information is the address of the dwelling that you will gather directly through the observation of information of the building. [Below the text is a filled out form]
• Information that responds to the necessity of relating the questionnaires with the control sheet of the enumeration, which are those included in questions 2 and 3 of the first page (Order number of the dwelling and household within the dwelling) and which also will correspond exactly with the figures in said sheet.
• Information that responds to the necessity of ordering people included within a household. This is the number that you assigned to each person in the list of block "F. People who make up the household", which should correspond exactly with the number of people in the beginning of each page of block "G. People in the household".
• Information the responds to the necessity of verifying that all people included in the household have been enumerated. They are the figures that you will write down and also you will mark in questions 13 and 14 of page 2 of the questionnaire and finally,
• A mark that permits knowing if a questionnaire contains more than six people, that is to say, that the enumeration of people of this household will be continued in the questionnaires that follow it. This is the mark ["1"] that you will make -- in those cases -- in the part in the upper right of page 1.

[Below the text is a mark that reads, "When you use additional questionnaires for the same household, mark here"]

Also, in the questionnaire you will have at your disposal short instructions that will serve as guide. These are always printed in the same color as the background of the questionnaire. To help you also, some lines with arrows that indicate to you the order as the questions should follow, within each block will be included.

A. Geographic identification
This block is meant for identifying each Census questionnaire. All information is in the sleeve and map of the folder. Proceed then to go carefully through this information: department, section, segment, zone, enumerator and border, writing the well identifiable numbers within the lines of the blank boxes.

[Below the text is a filled out form]

Address of the dwelling
If a dwelling is found in an urbanized area you should write down here the street, the number of it and the number or letter of the block, tower or apartment if necessary.
If it is a dwelling located in a rural area write down the name of the road or route where it is found.
If a dwelling does not have a number on its door or street, or is not on a street, route or road that has any specific name, you should mention some fixed point that will serve as reference. Any relevant feature can be used for it: intersection of streets or routes, distance from a determined street or route, railroad tracks, kilometer posts, geographic features and in general any point of reference that is relevant permanently.

[p. 15]

[At the top of the page is a form]

Also if a dwelling is found in a rural area you should ask the question: "The piece of land this dwelling is on, is agricultural or livestock production done on it?" The box corresponding to the response obtained ("Yes" or "No") should be filled out. If the response is "Yes" the following question should be asked: "Does it measure 1 hectare or more?" and mark the corresponding response.
Agricultural and livestock production is understood to be any land that is used totally or partially for agricultural, livestock, farming or forestry production. This can be exploited by a single person or many without considering the forms of tenancy, legal condition, surface or location and under the same administration and has the same means of productions such as work by hand, by machine, work animals and instillations.

B. Type of dwelling and occupation
Remember the definition of dwelling that we have repeated for you:
Dwelling: It is any room or group of rooms and their dependencies that occupy a building or a part structurally separated from it and that, by the way in which they have been constructed or transformed, are meant to be inhabited by people and, on the Census date, were not used only for other purposes.

To be considered a dwelling, a group of rooms and dependencies should necessarily have at its disposal an independent and separate access.

• Independent, means that people who inhabit it arrive at it without passing through rooms of other dwellings. Dwellings can have direct access to the street or also through halls or corridors or stairs of common use by the inhabitants of other dwellings.
• Separate means that a dwelling is surrounded by walls that separate it from other dwellings.

The Census also considers as a dwelling any lodging fixed or mobile in which any person has spent the night the night before the day of the Census.

A building under construction is considered a dwelling when it has a finished roof and vertical enclosures even if it is not occupied. In the case of those that do not fulfill these conditions, but that -- at the moment of the Census -- a person spent the night there, should be considered a dwelling in the conditions referred to in the previous paragraph.

Fill in the corresponding box since being within a private dwelling or collective dwelling keeping in mind that:

• Private dwelling: It is a dwelling that is occupied by one or more private households.
• Private household: is constituted by a group of people who, with or without family ties, who live under the same roof and who -- at least for their meals -- depend on a common fund (they participate in a "common pot").
• Collective dwelling: It is occupied by a collective household.
• Collective household: It is made up by an "institutionalized population", that is, people who do not belong to private households. They include people, normally without family ties, who share the dwelling for work, medical attention, studies, military, religious, tourist, reasons, etc. It is understood to be people who inhabit military instillations, correctional and penal institutions, student residences, hotels, etc.

Question 6. Indicate the type of dwelling
Private dwelling

Collective dwelling


[p. 16]

If within a collective dwelling there exist separated rooms for the administration or service personnel of the establishment where they live with their families, they will be registered separately as private dwellings.

In Question 6 you should indicate the type of dwelling.

Private dwellings can be:





Collective dwellings: They can be:


Keep in mind, in a building in which you find a collective dwelling -- besides a collective household -- one or more private households can exist that can be a private dwelling. If this occurs, use separate questionnaires of dwellings, giving them different numbers. Example: an administrator of a hotel who lives there with his daughter, director of school, etc.

In question 7 you will indicate if a dwelling (private or collective) is occupied or unoccupied.
Question 7. Indicate if the dwelling is:
Occupied

Unoccupied


Occupied: It is a dwelling where one or more households live. You will mark the box corresponding to the situation that you find in the following:

If there are indications that the dwelling is occupied, but they do not answer, you should investigate the motive of the absence with the neighbors.
If it is momentary -- being possible that people have spent the night there the night before the day of the Census -- you should leave it unresolved, writing down the order number of the dwelling in the Census questionnaire that it corresponds to, write down this circumstance in the space "Complementary notations" of the control sheet and return as many times as necessary. If when finalizing the enumeration of the zone, you have not succeeded in finding any person responsible for the household in this dwelling, you will leave notation in the control sheet of the enumeration and communicate this situation to the head of the segment.

[p. 17]

Unoccupied: It is a dwelling where households do not live. It can be:


Always keep in mind that, if in any of these dwellings someone slept there the night before the day of the Census, it automatically becomes an occupied dwelling.

Note

• If in question 6 you mark one of the categories of "Private dwelling", and in 7 "Occupied, with inhabitants present", go to the next block of questions.
• If on the contrary, in question 6 you marked a category of "Collective dwelling", and in question 7 "Occupied, with inhabitants present", leave the questions included in blocks C, D and E blank, going directly to block "F. People who make up the household".

[Below the text is a form]

C. Information about the private dwelling occupied with inhabitants present
This block of questions is meant to obtain information about the totality of the private dwelling that is being enumerated, independent of whether this dwelling is shared by many private households.

If you -- after asking the questions of the following block D -- find yourself with a dwelling inhabited by more than one private household, you should record that block C should only be filled out in the questionnaire of the first household of this dwelling.

Question 8. What is the predominant material of the exterior walls?

Specify the material used in predominant form in the construction of the exterior walls. In case of doubt, consult with the occupants of the dwelling. If in the construction there exists more than one material, you will only make reference to the one used in the largest proportion.

The following explanations will help you determine the nature of the some of the materials:

Question 9. What is the predominant material of the roof?

Act like in the previous case. In constructions of more than one floor, fill in the box of the material that corresponds to the roof of the building.

Question 10. What is the predominant material of the floors?

Fill in the box of the material that predominates considering the floors of all the rooms that the dwelling has.

[Pages 18 and 19 of this document are missing]

[p. 20]

On the contrary, if they indicate to you that none are used because they do not cook in this household, fill in the box corresponding to: "None, they do not cook".

Heating
Question 6. Do you use any means for heating rooms?
[The options for this question are illegible]

You should mark only one of the options. In the case of not using any means for heating, Mark the option "None" and go directly to question 8.

Question 7. What is the principal source of energy for heating rooms?
[The options for this question are illegible]

Remember that the principal source is asked for, that is that which is consumed the majority of the time, consequently you should fill in the box of the response of only one option.

Tenancy
Question 8.
Concerning [illegible]

Is this household [illegible]?

Remember that you should complete the question reading successively each one of the options until obtaining an affirmative answer.

Rooms for sleeping
Question 9. How many rooms are used in this household for sleeping?
Fill in the box corresponding to number of the received answer. Remember that it is exclusively rooms that the enumerated household uses, independent of whether there are other rooms that other households use.

If there is any doubt, remember that is does not matter if any of the rooms used for sleeping have another use. If it is also used for sleeping consider it as corresponding.

Also rooms, guest rooms, and any rooms that are used normally for sleeping should be included here, even when during the day they have other purposes (living room, family room, dining room, pantry, etc.)

Comfort and equipment at household
Question 10. Does this household have its own vehicle (car or truck) only for private use?

[p. 21]

What is wanted is if a household has a car or truck, for exclusive personal or family use and not vehicles with a preferentially productive use. If the answer is affirmative, ask: "One", "More than one". Fill in the box of the option of the response that corresponds.

If the answer is negative, fill in the box "Does not have".

Question 11. Does this household have any of the following appliances?

[Part of the text is illegible]

Microwave oven

Videocassette player

Common washing machine

Programmed washing machine

Computer


You should read one by one the appliances listed, waiting for a response and filling in each one of the boxes that corresponds to [whether] a household "Has" or "Does not have".

For appliances that were out of service being repaired, you should mark the box corresponding to "Has".

F. People who make up the household (do not forget babies and the elderly)

Enumerator: The key question that you should ask is:

Question 12. What is the name and surname of every person who lodged here last night, beginning with the head?

[Below the text is an illegible form]

Remember that the Census is de facto, that is to say, the people in the place where they were lodged the night before the day of the Census should be enumerated, whether they have their habitual residence there or not.

In a private household, it should be clarified that the head of household should be named first.
Head of the private household: For the Census it is assumed that each private household has a head, who is defined as the person recognized as such by the rest of the members of the household.

In each household you should enumerate:

• All people who were lodged or slept in the dwelling the night before the day of the Census, even if that are not present at the moment that you arrive at this household.
• People who, being absent this night from the household for reasons of work, who returned or will return during the day of the Census, for example: night watchmen, doctors, nurses on duty, police, etc.
• All children born before zero hour the day of the Census and those who died after this hour, always who are lodged or have been lodged the night before the day of the Census. If they were born or died in hospitals or clinics they will be enumerated in these places.

The list of the boxes should be completed, writing the name and surname of all the people who should be enumerated in this household, following the order indicated in the questionnaire, giving them a correlate number and indicating also their relationship with [the person] who was registered in the first place as the head of household.

If -- by absence -- the head of private household is not enumerated in this household, another adult member of the household should be declared in their place. In these cases, the relation of relationship of the other members will be established with respect to the replacement.

If it is a collective household, leave blank the column meant for "Relation of relationship".

The space considered in the questionnaire is for six people. So if more than six exists, use a second questionnaire repeating the order number of the dwelling, number of the household within the dwelling and the geographic identification. In this case, do not forget to fill in the box that indicates "Continued" found in the upper right corner of page 1 of the Census questionnaire.

[p. 22]

Question 13. Now, how many people in total were lodged here last night?
This question, besides serving to summarize in one figure all the people who are listed in question 12 -- also completes the function of repeating this question. It will permit the informer to remember any other person who is a member of the household and had not been named previously. In this case write down the missing person and proceed to mark the answer to Question 13.

Remember that many times -- in censuses or surveys -- people forget to declare children or very small babies, also -- in some circumstances -- the elderly. It is necessary to give the informant or informants the necessary time so that they can declare the exact number of people, particularly when the households are very extensive.

Observe that here, for the best security in later processing the information, you should indicate the total number of people who make up a household in two different forms. On one side you should write down the number in the blank boxes meant for this purpose and also mark the same number, filling in the boxes that are below. If the number is 3, write down and mark "03". If it is 12, write down and mark "12".

If a household that you are enumerating is made up of more than six people, the total number of members should be written down and marked only in the first questionnaire of the household.

Question 14. Of this total, how many are men and how many are women?
Write and mark the number only in the initial questionnaire of the household.

Write and fill in the corresponding boxes in both columns, following the same criteria explained for the previous question.

Do not forget, once you have finished the enumeration of the members of each household, count the pages of the people who you have completed and verify the numbers that you wrote down and mark in Questions 13 and 14.

Like the previous question, if a household that you are enumerating is made up of more than six people, the total number of men and women of the household should be written down and marked only in the first questionnaire of the household.

G. People of the household
To order your job -- before beginning the individual enumeration of the people of the household -- write the name and surname of each of them in the corresponding space, at the beginning of each page of this block of the questionnaire.

Also write down here, in the blank boxes meant for this purpose (Person no.) the number of the person that corresponds to list of Question 12. Remember, that you always have two spaces to write down a number -- if it is a single number, for example 3, 5, 8, etc., you should put a "0" in the first space.

[Below the text is a form]

After writing down the names and surnames of all the people of a household and the corresponding number of the person enumerate them individually, beginning with the head of household.

You should complete a page of the questionnaire for each person who is being enumerated in each household.

All persons
This group of questions, as its name indicates, corresponds to being applied to all the people of the household, independently by how old they are.

Question 1. What relation or relationship you have with the head of household?
In a private household the different options of answering as follows: head, spouse or partner, child, child of the spouse, son/daughter-in-law, grandchild, parents of mother/father-in-law, other relative, domestic servants and family, non-relative.

For the Census it is assumed that each private household has a head, who is the persons recognized as such by the other members of the household. The relations or relationships should be established with respect to the person who is declared head of household.

Remember that if the habitual head of this household is not included in the enumeration because they are absent, you should consult with the informants of the household about other members of the household who can be included as such in the Census. Do not forget that the relation or relationship is always established with respect to the head declared in the Census.

[p. 23]

A private household can be made up of a group of people not related between themselves who live under family rules sharing expenses of at least meals. In these cases, someone should be recognized as head by the by the group.

In "Spouse of the head", if exists, should be enumerated in the household -- whether man or woman -- and should be included second, whether they are legally married or not.

In "Other relative" are registered: siblings, aunt/uncles, niece/nephews, cousins, brother/sister-in-laws, etc. of the head of household.

In "Domestic servant and family", the members of this servant and their family are included, who eventually have been lodged in the household the night before the day of the Census and who -- besides -- are enumerated in it.

In "Non-relative", other people who are members of the household but do not have a relation with the head of household are considered.

If a household that you are enumerating is collective fill in directly the box corresponding to the alternative "Collective household resident" and "No" establishes the relation of relationship.

Question 2. Are you a man or a woman?
If a person you are enumerating is not present, in all cases ask the question; do not be guided by the name.

Fill in the box that corresponds to "Man" or "Woman".

Question 3. How many completed years old are you?
Write down the number and mark:

You should write down the age in completed years at zero hour of the Census. If the person that you are enumerating had a birthday on the day of the Census you should use the age that they were the day before.

It is very frequent that people tend to round the age to years ending in 0 and 5, because they do not remember well and do not take the time to do so, or for other reasons.

When you perceive that the age declared cannot be correct, point out that it is very important for the Census that the ages of people be exact. In all cases remember that the Census information is totally confidential and this is assured by Law.

Observe that also here -- for the best security in the later processing of the information -- you should indicate the number of years completed in two different forms. On one side you should write down the number in the blank boxes meant for this purpose, and also mark this same number, filling in the boxes that are below. If the number is 3, write down and mark "03", if it is 12, write down and mark "12". If the number is 100 or older, write down and mark "99".

Question 4. Are you retired or pensioned?
It concerns retirements and pensions supplied by public or private organizations. It does not refer to pensions offered by people.

This is a person who has the right to retirement or pension, and not to a person who is their proxy or guardian, as in the case of minors.

Fill in the box that corresponds to "Yes" or "No", according to the response received.

Questions 5 and 6.
The objective of the next two questions is to know if the interviewed person has, at the moment of the interview, any valid right for health service (total or partial) in any institution.

For this they should have a card, receipt, or another valid document in order to use this service, without further procedure, in the moment that they need it.

You should ask each one of the questions (as they are worded in the questionnaire), waiting for and filling in the boxes of the response of each case.

[Below the text is a form]

The options of possible responses, for this question are: "MSP (valid card)" [Ministry of Public Health], "Medical mutual cooperative, etc. (Institutions of medical collective assistance)", "Military health", "Police health", "Others of total coverage" or "Does not have".

[p. 24]

Fill in the box that corresponds, according to the answer given. You should only mark one. If they tell you that they have total coverage in two or more institutions of assistance, ask that they indicate where the person is attended to most frequently.

If the answer is "No", you will fill in the box corresponding to "Does not have" and go to Question 6.

If you observe that an enumerated person has doubts, clarify that:
Total coverage is understood to be when the institution which is affiliated with an interviewed person provides total rights of services before a health problem [preventative care] (consulting, medical, surgical interventions, admissions, exams, medications, emergencies, etc.).

Also, you should take into account that some institutions (for example Police health) -- because they do not have their own installations to attend to people in the place where they reside -- transfers to them some rights of service from other local institutions. Here the interest is the institution that supplies the rights of health service (in this example, Police health) and not the other one -- potentially different -- where the interviewed person was attended to.

After having filled out the box corresponding to the answer of Question 5, you will ask Question 6.

Question 6. Do you have any valid rights in any institution for attending to health and services of partial coverage?

The possible options of response, for this question, are: "Family benefits", "Mobile emergency units", "Other partial insurance (Universal, Anda, etc.)", or "Does not have".

Like the previous question, you should fill in the box of only one option. In the case that they do not have any rights in any institution of partial coverage, mark: "Does not have".

For any clarifications of Question 6, remember that:
Partial coverage is when an institution only offers the components previously mentioned before for immediate health care.

Write with printed capital letters, without going out of the lines.
Do cross out.
Use only the pencil and eraser provided.

Question 7. In what locality or place do you live habitually?

It is defined as:

Habitual residence: The place where a person was lodged normally the majority of the time.

• If a person lives habitually in the same locality or place where enumerated, mark the box "Here". If a person lives habitually in another dwelling of the same locality or place, you will equally mark "Here".
• If a person lives in another locality or place, write down the name of the department. Below, write down the name of the locality or place in which they live habitually.
• If a person lives habitually in another country, write down only the name of the country in the place for the department.

Question 8. In what locality or place did you live habitually five years ago on this date?

You will write down the locality or place where they lived habitually in May 1991. For the rest, they follow the same criteria and proceedings for the previous question.

Remember that this question is in the part corresponding to for all people (of any age). Therefore if you are enumerating a person younger than 5, you should fill in the box corresponding to "Younger than 5".

Question 9. In what locality or place did you begin to live when you were born?

We look to obtain information about the locality or place that constituted the first habitual residence of the enumerated person.

[p. 25]

Generally it was the same place where their parents lived at the moment of their birth.
Consequently, do not consider here a place or locality where the hospital, sanitarium or private house was found where the mother moved for the birth of the enumerated person.

To write down this question, the same procedures and criteria for Question 7 are followed.

If the enumerated person was born in Uruguay and is age 3 or older, go directly to the following Part "For all persons age 3 or older". If born in Uruguay and younger than 3, you will leave the questions of the parts that follow blank and of to enumerate the next person.

If an enumerated person declared to have been born abroad and has habitual residence in Uruguay (Question 7), you should ask the following question:

Question 10. If you live in Uruguay and were born abroad, in what year did you arrive in Uruguay in order to live here?
You should complete the last two figures of the year of arrival in the boxes that follow 19_ _

If they came before the year 1900, write down "00".

Persons age 3 or older
The questions of this part have the purpose of knowing the educational level of the population, both on the plane of regular education, as well as training courses or non-regular education, offered by public and private organizations, in this country or abroad.

Question 11. Do you know how to read and write?
You should fill in the box corresponding to the answer you receive. Remember that you should mark "Yes" only if the person can read and write, whatever the language. If a person only reads or only writes, mark "No".

Question 12. Of all the following levels of education, what is the highest that you attended?
A

B


Read all the possible options. Do not forget that you should fill in the box corresponding to a single option, at the highest level reached within the list.

When a person declares to you more than one level, you should find out which of them came after the other and consider it superior. Remember that in all cases, you should write down only the highest level reached. For example, you should not write "High school" without having finished primary school, therefore the highest will be the secondary level.

If a person claims to attend or attended UTU, remember that you should write in down here only if it is "Basic cycle", common with secondary reached in UTU.

Any other course of UTU -- technical or commercial -- will be considered to be written down in Question 16. In this case, in Question 12 will be written down the previous level reached in UTU in regular, not technical or commercial education.

If a person claims to have never attended any center of education, fill in the box corresponding to the option "Never attended", leave the following questions blank and ask Question 16. If it is the contrary, go to Question 13.

Question 13. With respect to this level, currently you

It should remain clear that any of these options makes reference to the level stated in the following question. In the case of a person doing two courses within the same level (two university majors, etc.), you should respond only to one of them -- the one with the most numbers of years passed. Remember that you should mark only one answer among the possible options.

Question 14. How many years did you pass in this level?

You should fill in the box corresponding to the number of years passed -- in the highest level reached indicated in Question 12. For example, if a person is currently in the third year of high school, that box that shows two years passed will be marked.

If a person attends first year in a determined educational level, the quantity of years passed in this level will be zero ("0"). For example: first of primary, first of basic cycle, first of secondary (second cycle), first of University, etc.

Question 15. What is the orientation or major studied?

Observe in the questionnaire that the options for answers of Question 12 are found marked in two different boxes, which the letters A and B are in, respectively.

[p. 26]

For those people in which you marked any option inside box "B" of Question 12 (Highest level reached in regular education: preparatory or secondary second cycle, university, teaching formation, military or police career), you should ask Question 16.

If the enumerated person has as highest level of education in Question 12, one of the options from box "A", leave Question 15 blank and go directly to Question 16.

Write the complete name of the major that is or was studied (in clear penmanship). Remember not to use periods or tildes.

If the name of the orientation or major studied has more numbers of letters than available boxes:

In the case that they have more than one major or specialty, for example law and sociology, write down the one what they answered in previous questions.

Observe the age of the person being enumerated. If they are age 12 or older, go to Question 16.

Persons age 12 or older

Question 16. Do you attend or did you attend technical or commercial studies of 6 months or more of duration?

This is for revealing information about courses of technical or commercial training, both those offered by public as well as private organizations.

Observe that it concerns organized courses that have a total duration of one semester or more. If a person attends or attended an academic semester or more of any training course, you should respond by filling in one of the boxes corresponding to the following options; "Yes" in UTU; "Yes" in another public institute or "Yes" in a private institute.

If they attend or attended more than one course of this type, only refer to the one with the most years passed. Go now to Question 17. If a person did not attend any technical or commercial study, mark: "No". Leave Questions 17, 18 and 19 blank and go to Question 20.

Question 17. With respect to this course, currently you...

Read the options one by one until they respond affirmatively to one of them, fill in the corresponding box and go to the next question.

Question 18. How many years did you pass in these studies?
You should mark the number of years passed, corresponding to the course referenced in Questions 16 and 17. Fill in the box corresponding to number "0" if the person is attending the course, but still did not pass the first year. If a complete course is only one semester, it is assumed to correspond to a year.

Go to the next question.

Question 19. What is the technical or commercial study attended?
Write the complete name of the technical or commercial study referred to in previous Questions 16, 17 and 18 (in clear penmanship). Remember that, in the case that they attend or attended more than one technical or commercial study, you will write down the one with the most number of years passed.

Question 20. What is your de facto current marital status?
[The options for this question are illegible]

Read the alternatives in the order in which they appear in the questionnaire, asking for the de facto marital state of the enumerated person. The de facto state should not be confused with the civil state. That is -- for example -- if the enumerated person has the civil state of "Widow" but at the moment of the Census lives together with a companion, you should mark the marital state "United".

The following questions of this part try to ascertain the occupational situation of the person you are enumerating.

[p. 27]

Question 21. During the last week, did you work at least one hour?
Remember that:
To get this information you should keep in mind that:

Worker refers to practicing a remunerated activity in money or in specie, or helping -- without receiving direct remuneration -- a family member in their business (commerce, business, garden, small farm, etc.) whose production is meant to be sold. Those who worked for at least one hour during the week before the Census are included.

Examples of remunerated activity are: working in a business, public or private office worker, working in the street (street salesperson, runner), doing activities for others for a payment in their house (washing, ironing, sewing or weaving, for example), helping in a family business, doing paid jobs in other houses (domestic service, caring for children, for example), raising animals, seeding and other agricultural activities for sale.

The Census does not consider as "worker" housekeepers of a household for its members or voluntary workers without pay for the community.

If you receive an affirmative answer to this question, fill in the box corresponding to "Yes", leave Questions 22, 23, 24 and 25 blank and go directly to ask Question 26. On the contrary, if you receive a negative answer, fill in the box corresponding to "No" and go always to the next Question. Many people do not perceive the activity that they do as "work", so many times they are sure they do not do it. The following question is meant to go into more depth in these cases.

Question 22. Last week, did you do something in your house for outside or did you help someone in a business, small farm or job, even though you did not receive a regular payment?
If you receive an affirmative response, fill in the box corresponding to "Yes", leave Questions 23, 24 and 25 blank and go directly to Question 26. If you receive a negative answer, fill in the box corresponding to "No" and go to the next question.

Question 23. Last week, were you on leave for sickness, vacation or suspended etc., but had a job?
It refers to those who have remunerated employment or an occupation or they regularly help families even without remuneration, who did not do their activity the week before due to temporary motives like: sickness, leave, strike, bad weather, suspension, vacation, or other transitory motives, but have a job that they are going to return to.

If the answer to this question is "Yes", fill in the corresponding box, leave Questions 24 and 25 blank and go to Question 26. If the response is "No", then fill in the corresponding box, continue with Question 24.

Question 24. During the last four weeks, did you look for work?
Examples of "looking for work" are any of the following cases: registering or applying for vacancies, and public, private and syndicated work agencies, signing up personally for employment in businesses, writing cards applying for jobs, looking in work places, small farms, farms, factories, markets, and other meeting places, putting in or responding to ads in newspapers, looking for work from friends, parents and other people they know, looking for financial resources and others like earth, buildings, machinery and equipment to establish a building, filling out licenses.

If the response to this is "Yes", fill in the corresponding box and go to Question 25. If the response is "No", fill in the box and observe the sex and age of the enumerated person.

Question 25. Have you ever worked?
If the answer to this question is "Yes", fill in the box and go to Question 26. If the answer is "No", fill in the box and observe the sex and age of the enumerated person.

[p. 28]

If the person is a woman age 15 or older, go to Question 29. On the contrary, if a person is a man or a woman younger than 15, finish the enumeration of this person here and go to the next person
.

Question 26. What is the occupation, profession or office that provides (or provided) you the largest income?

It is important that the response to this question is asked for with as much detail as possible since very general responses do not give the information that is required.

Avoid non precise answers such as "Worker", "Employee", "Public bureaucrat", "Boss", etc. If a person tells you that they are a worker in a factory, you should determine exactly what duty they perform.

For occupation, office or profession, a complete description is needed. This is especially important when it concerns little known activities for which it is necessary to add to it a concept that makes it more precise. Examples: insurance agent, guide operator, automobile cleaner, journalist, couturier, mailman, mechanical engineer, surveyor, fisher, pediatric doctor, hairdresser, secretary, street peddler of candy, operator of textile machinery, bricklayer, etc.

If a person has more than one occupation, write down the occupation that provides the largest income.

Question 27. What does the place or establishment where you work (or worked) principally do?

For the correct filling out, it is necessary to investigate what is the principal activity that effectively is done in the establishment where the enumerated person works or worked.

The description will be the most complete and precise possible about the activity or activities done in the place.

To make the description, it is recommended that you follow certain rules stated below:

• When it is a place of "commerce", you should investigate and always write down: "Commercial wholesale (or retail) of..."
• When it is a place of "industrial manufacture", you should always right down: "Making of..."
• Also when it is places with an industrial activity you should make reference to the products made and sold, in a precise form. It is not enough, for example, to write "Making of shoes". You should explain: "Making of leather shoes", or "Making of sport rubber soled shoes", or "Making of canvas shoes", "or "Making of plastic shoes".
• In the same way, in the making of curtains, you should explain: "Making of cloth curtains", "Making of plastic curtains", [or] "Making of metal curtains"; and of furniture: "Making of wooden furniture", [or] "Making of metal furniture".
• When it is places with commercial activities, you should detail what lines of concrete commercial products are sold. For example: "Retail food store", " Wholesale leather store", "Bazaar", "Hardware store", "Drug store", "Furniture store", "Builders merchant", "Wool storage".
• When it is places with service activities, you should explain concretely what type of service. For example: "Repairing of vehicles", "Distribution of movies", "Cleaning and washing of clothes", "Hair dresser and beauty store".
• In the case of hotels, other places of lodging, restaurants, cafes, and other places where food and drink are served, you will write down: "Restaurant", "Hotel", "Boarding house", "Café", "Bar", etc.
• In the case of mining and quarries, you will write down: "Stone and sand quarry", "Granite quarry", etc.

Resuming, from a precise idea from the activity of the establishment, business, factory, etc., avoiding general names.


If an enumerated person does not share their services in any of the aforementioned places, as is the case of street peddlers or workers who work at household (without having a business), taxi drivers or transport workers who work in their own vehicle, etc. you should ask that they describe what they make, repair, clean, transport, etc. For example: repairing of electric appliances, making of articles of clothing, transportation of cargo, animals, people, etc.

Question 28. Of the following, what is (was) your category in the occupation you indicated?

[p. 29]

Read the following options. When you receive an affirmative answer, fill in the corresponding box. If an enumerated person has any doubt, remember that:

Once this question is concluded, observe what you wrote down in relation to the sex and age of the enumerated person. If this person is a woman age 15 or older, go to Question 29 of the following part.

If on the contrary, [if] an enumerated person is a man or a woman younger than 15, finish the enumeration of this person and go to the next one, if necessary.

Women age 15 or older
The questions in this part should be asked to all women age 15 or older, whatever their marital status.

Question 29. How many children born alive have you had altogether?
Born alive is understood to be those who at the moment of birth showed signs of life (crying, breathing, moving). If they died after birth, they equally should be considered as born alive.

The question refers to all children born alive had by the enumerated mother through her whole life, including those had with other possible partners different than the current one.

Once you have received an answer, you should fill in the box that is below the indicated number. Mark "None" if that corresponds. In that case, finish the enumeration of this person and continue with the next member of the household, if necessary.

If a woman had children born alive, fill in the corresponding box and continue with the next question.

Question 30. Of them, how many are currently alive?
Fill in the box corresponding to the quantity of children currently alive that they tell you.

Question 31. How many were born in the last 12 months?
It refers to children born alive that the enumerated mother had during the last 12 moths before the Day of the Census. The options to mark are: "One", "Two or more", "None".

Fill in the corresponding box, according to the answer received.

Now finish the enumeration of this person and go to the next member of the household, if necessary.

IX How to write and mark in the questionnaire and how to take care of it

For the processing of the information, modern scanning machines will be used that will take the information registered by you directly from the questionnaire and enter it into the computer. These computation machines are capable of understanding the marks and writing that you do.

Because of this, very strict rules of filling out the questionnaire should be followed. Otherwise it could be rejected by the machine and it will not be able to process the information that you received.

[p. 30]

General rules

When you should make marksWhen you should write down words
USE THIS TYPE OF LETTERS. Do not shorten words.
[Next to and below the text is the alphabet in capital letters]

When you should write down numbersWhen you should mark numbers in columns meant for this purpose[p.31]

The very strict rules for the use of the questionnaires

[In the upper right corner is a box that reads: When you use additional questionnaires for the same household, mark here]