Chapter 6: Instructions to fill out the questionnaire

6.1 Characteristics of inhabited private dwellings
This section presents instructions to fill out the questions that characterize og inhabited private dwellings.

It these dwellings you collect the information requested in the questionnaire and these dwellings are identified in the "property listing" because you were notified that they were inhabited.

Before starting the interview, you must determine the type of dwelling of this particular inhabited house and write it in the subsection "7 type of private dwelling" set in the cover of the Questionnaire.

7. Type of Private Dwelling
This variable allows you to classify the dwelling based in its independence or grouping with respect to other dwellings, the objective of its build, its current use, and whether this house type is fixed, mobile, or improvised.

Circle the code for the type of private dwelling according with your view; it must correspond with the information that you registered in the "property listing" when you asked for the dwelling number on the lot, land, or building.

To correctly classify the type of dwelling, guide yourself on the criteria listed below.

Single home on own land: this type of dwelling is accessed from a roadway or field which does not share the property or land with other houses. This condition was identified when you filled out the "property listing" because the informant said it was a single house on the land or lot.

This type of dwelling can be built in one or more levels; having an accessory or space to an economic activity and be adjacent to other houses as illustrated in the figure below. Dwellings that are part of a horizontal condominium are included in this category.

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Home on shared land: this type of dwelling is located on the same farm or lot, this house can belongs or not to the family, and it is together with other(s) dwelling(s). This house can be located at the front, back, top, bottom, or at one side of those other houses and generally it shares the same access from the road or field.

Consider the answer you got in "property listing" for this dwelling since you should have registered two or more dwellings on the land or lot.

Record in this category the dwellings or rooms for rent not considered as rooming houses by their residents.

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Duplex, triplex, or quadruplex home: This dwelling is part of a building that integrates a set of two, three, or four houses, which were built with resistant materials by a construction company and that is recognized by its symmetrical facade and because each house shares a wall, ceiling, or floor. The entrance of the dwelling can be direct from the street or by an external staircase.

Over the years, some of these houses have been modified or extended; therefore, in order to classify correctly the dwellings, it is important that you consider the neighboring dwellings in the same street or block, or ask to the residents.

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Apartment building:: this type of dwelling is located inside a building, so it shares a wall, ceiling, or floor with other departments. This dwelling can be accessed from a common space, such as hallway, stairway, or elevator.

The buildings where the apartments are located were built with resistant materials by company dedicated to this work. Those buildings are recognized from the street because they have at least two floors or levels and one main door identified with an outside number.

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Dwelling in a cluster or rooming-house: this type of dwelling is part of a group of houses located in same land; and it shares with some of them the wall, ceiling, or floor. This house can be accessed from a patio or walkway and generally the occupants pay a rent to live there.

The housing complex is distributed in around a central courtyard or corridor and its residents recognize it as a rooming-house. Some of these houses share water facilities and the restroom.

Remember that the number of dwellings you registered in the "property list" for this housing complex must be greater than or equal to two.

In case you have doubts because the housing complex looks like a building apartments or houses that share land, check with the informant if the housing complex is known or not as a rooming-house.

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Room on the roof of a building: this type of dwelling is located only on the roof of building departments and, at the time of the survey, it is inhabited by people who are independent of the residents of the department to which the room belongs. Its access is through the interior staircase of the building.

This kind of housing is identified when you walk from the basement to the roof on buildings departments.

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Place not designed for living: This place was built to perform some economic activity (store, warehouse, factory, office, garage, barn, etc.) and that at the time of the survey, someone uses it to sleep because he/she does not have a place to live.

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Mobile home: This type of dwelling is a vehicle or facility that can be transported from one place to another and is used to live. Some types of mobile homes are trailer, recreational vehicle, boat, or yacht.

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Hut: this type of dwelling is a cave or makeshift facility that is used to live at the time of the survey. Some examples of this type of dwelling are: palapa, roof, drainpipe, and tent, among others. The semi built or destroyed buildings are also included in this category.

If the dwelling type that you registered for private housing corresponds to the first six options, continue with the section I "Characteristics of the Dwelling". Instead, if the options refer to a place not designated for living, mobile home, or hut, skip to section II "List of People".

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I. Characteristics of the Dwelling
This section of the questionnaire contains questions that you should apply to the following types of dwelling: single home on own land; home on shared land; duplex, triplex, or quadruplex home; apartment building; rooming-house; and room on the roof of a building.

1. Walls
The question identifies the predominant basic material used to build the walls of the house.

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Note that waste material comprises pieces of cardboard, rubber, tires, among others. The option "Ceramic partition, brick, cement block, stone, stone veneer, cement, or concrete" includes walls made of prefabricated materials; such are the panels, which are based on cement or concrete.

If the walls are made with two or more different materials, ask for the predominant material; in case you find two or more materials in the same proportion, select the first appearing in the options of response.

In some places, building materials can be called with different names; if you know them, mention those names to support the informant.


2. Roof
This question identifies the predominant basic material used to build the roof of the house. The option "metal sheet" includes galvanized sheets, fiber glass, or plastic. The fiber cement sheet is a sheet made of cement, sand, and mineral or synthetic fibers. If they answer that the roof is tile, verify that it is the basic material and not the covering or decorative material.

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If the respondent answers that the roof is built with two or more different materials, ask for the predominant material. In case you find two or more materials in the same proportion, select the first appearing in the options of response.

In some places, building materials can be called with different names; if you know them, mention those names to support the informant.


3. Flooring
This question identifies the coating material that predominates on the floor of the house. The option "dirt" is registered when most of the dwelling does not have coating on the floor. The option "tile mosaic, wood, or other covering" includes floor marble, ceramic tile floor, laminated floor, plank, and parquet.

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Consider the carpet in this last option as long as it is installed on a concrete base; if it only is on other material, register the material underneath.

If the respondent answers that some rooms of the house have floors of two or more different materials, ask for the material that covers most; in case you find two or more materials in the same proportion, select the first appearing in the options of response.

4. Bedrooms
This question identifies the number of rooms used for sleeping. Read the question, listen to the answer and record the number.

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Consider that all dwellings have at least one room. Knowing the difference between room and bedroom will help you to make a correct record, so it is important that you identify the definition of each type:

If the respondent says that there are rooms that sometimes are used for sleeping, include them as bedrooms.

5. Rooms
This question identifies the total number of rooms of the dwelling. Read the question, listen to the answer and record the number. If the respondent has doubts or you perceive that the answer does not correspond what you see, say him/her that he/she should count all rooms (bedrooms, living room, kitchen) that are separated by fixed and complete walls. Further, read the phrase "do not consider hallways or bathrooms" when you consider that the informant may include them.

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Consider that some informants have a different idea about rooms. E.g., some people determine the number of rooms according to the functions performed (cooking and eating), even if they are not divided by fixed and complete walls. Therefore, it is desirable that you spend a little more time to ensure the correct understanding if this question and to support the respondent as needed. Keep in mind the following information:

Remember to check that the total number of rooms of the dwelling is always greater than or equal to the number of bedrooms.

6. Kitchen
This question seeks to know if the house has a room for food preparation.

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A dwelling has a room for cooking when it is bounded by walls and has at the least than a stove or wood-burning stove to prepare or heat food, even if this room is used as bedroom, living room, among others.

It is considered that the dwelling does not have a room for cooking when it has no stove, wood-burning stove, or grill, or when these objects are in hallways, corridors, under an awning, or outdoors.

If the respondent answers that the dwelling has a room for cooking, go to question 8 "Fuel". Otherwise, ask question 7 " Place used for cooking".

7. Place used for cooking
This question identifies the place where the dwelling' occupants cook when they do not have one room for cooking. In addition, this question distinguishes when the occupants do not cook in the dwelling.

Read the question mentioning each option until the respondent answers it affirmative and circle the appropriate code.

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The first option, "in a hallway or corridor" refers to a space that is part of the structure of the house, but it is not a room.

The option "under an awning or roofed shelter" refers to cook outdoors under a ceiling of any size and the material may be: metal foil, cardboard, palm, canvas or cloth, among others.

Outside the dwelling: situation in which the dwelling' occupants cook outdoors, without any kind of roof. This option includes people cooking under a tree.

If the respondent answers "they do not cook in this dwelling", circle the code 4 and pass to question 10 "Electricity"; otherwise, continue with question 8 "Fuel".

8. Fuel
The question identifies the fuel that is used more frequent for cooking. Read the question mentioning each option and when you get an affirmative answer, circle the corresponding code.

The option "wood or charcoal" also includes burning rods, shaving, and several types of wood. The second option refers to gas distributed in cylinders; it is discharged in stationary tanks or arrives to the dwelling through pipes. If they cook mainly on grills, electric stoves, electric ovens or microwave, record the option "electricity". In case the respondent answers that they cook with "other type of fuel" circle code 4. This code can be: oil, solid alcohol, manure, and even garbage.
If they cook in the dwelling using two or more types of fuel, ask for the most used. The respondent must determine it. If the answer is "they do not cook" because they buy or receive food, or they always eat outside, circle option 5. If the answer is "wood or charcoal", continues to question 9 "Stove or wood-burning stove" or fire. Otherwise, go to question 10 "Electricity".

9. Stove or wood-burning stove
In dwellings where the occupants cook with wood or charcoal, you are interested in knowing if the stove or wood-burning stove has a fireplace or smoker tube. Read the question mentioning the options and circle the code corresponded to the affirmative answer. Stoves or wood-burning stove with fireplace are facilities that try to extract the smoke generated into the space used for cooking.

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The fireplace may be just a pipe and be made of different materials such as foil, asbestos, cement, among others. In some places, stoves with fireplace can be called as estufa patsari, lorena, onil, or Ecológica, as they have been named in that way in different social programs.

10. Electricity
This question distinguishes dwellings based on whether they have or not electricity. Consider that a dwelling has electricity if there is at least one lightbulb that lights regularly, though:

It does not matter the source from which the electricity comes, either of a particular plant, a solar panel, from the CFE or any other source. If the answer is "no", go to question 12 "Piped water"; otherwise go to question 11 "Lightbulbs".

11. Lightbulbs
These two questions indicate the number of lightbulbs to illuminate the dwelling, and number of these lightbulbs that are energy-saving. Read the first question and give time to the respondent's answer, since accounting the lightbulbs sometimes involves remember where they are located.

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The first answer includes lightbulbs that are inside or outside the dwelling, in roofs, walls or lamps, regardless of the type: incandescent, energy-saving, halogen, among others. Then, ask the second question, which only takes into account the energy-savings lightbulbs. Check that the number of energy-saving lightbulbs is equal to or less than the total number of lightbulbs in the dwelling. If dwelling has no energy-saving lightbulbs, record "0".

12. Piped water
This question identifies whether the dwelling has faucets or hoses where occupants obtain water, either inside the dwelling or only in the yard or land, regardless of the place of origin of the liquid. Read the question mentioning all options and circle the code corresponding to the respondent's answer.

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Consider that pipped water can be identified in facilities as restrooms, sinks, showers, or simply if a faucet or hose where the occupants get water. The first option, "inside the dwelling", means that the faucets or hoses are located in an enclosed space of the dwelling, the kitchen or the bathroom, either in a sink, shower or in the water tank of the restroom' bowl. When the faucets or hoses reach only the yard or land, they are seen in an open space and are located alone or in a sink or basin. If the occupants take water from another house with a hose as shown in the image, we consider that they have piped water, either inside or outside and it depends how far reach the hoses. Also, if outside the dwelling there is a well from which the liquid is extracted and sent through pipes or hoses to other dwelling' facilities (as shown in the picture), record that the house has piped water inside the dwelling.

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The option "there is no piped water" must be circle when there are no pipes or hoses in the dwelling, yard, or land, where water can be obtained, and consequently, the occupants have to carry it or get it in another way. If the answer corresponds for the latter situation, ask the question 14 "Not piped-in water", but if you record the option "inside the dwelling" or "only in the yard or land," please go to question 13 "Water supply".

13. Water supply
This question indicates the source of piped water in the dwelling, which can be: public water service, a communal well, a private well, a water pipe, another dwelling, or another place. Read the question mentioning each of the options until getting a response from the informant and circle the corresponding code.

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Consider the following definitions:

• The public water service is one that is administered, managed or coordinated by the municipal authority, through a network of pipes, which is generally underground, but sometimes the hoses are seen in the streets.
• The community well is a source of water than usually is managed by the inhabitants of the locality, and where there is a network of pipes or hoses, which distributes the water to the dwellings in the same locality.
• The private well is one that is located on a private property, and it has connected pipes or hoses that supply water to inside the house or outdoors.
• A water pipe means that the water is transported to the dwelling in a truck and it is deposited in cisterns or water tanks that have pipes to lead the water to the bathing facilities, kitchen, laundry, or other facilities where the water is used.
• When the source of piped water is another dwelling means that occupants of the house get water through a neighbor who has piped water, either through hoses or pipes to bring it to their yard or land, kitchen, or bathroom.
• If the respondent says the dwelling is supplied from a different place to the sources and ways mentioned before, circle option 6. Regardless of the answer, go to question 15 "Equipment".

14. Not piped-in water
This question identifies the sources of water in case the occupants do not have piped water into the dwelling, and therefore they have to carry it or get it otherwise. That is, this question applies to dwellings with no tubes, faucets, or hoses where the occupants can obtain water. Read the question and each option until you get a response and circle the corresponding code.

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Consider the following definitions and criteria:

• A well is a hole where water is obtained. It may be near or far from the dwelling; owned by the occupants, a neighbor, or communal. The important point is that occupants take out the water from the well to transport it to their dwelling using buckets or other containers.
• A community tap is a water faucet located in a public space, from which occupants carry water to the dwelling using buckets or other containers.
• "Another dwelling" means that the occupants get water through a neighbor who has piped water, thy transport the water by carrying it.
• The option "a river, stream, or lake" applies when the occupants get the liquid from these places and carry it in containers to the dwelling.
• The option "it is piped-in" applies when a water truck brings the water to the dwelling or near it, depositing the water in basins or barrels where the occupants take it with buckets, pails, or other containers.
• The option "it is collected from rainwater" is the situation in which the occupants of the dwelling build up this water in barrels, basins, or other containers and then they carry it for use in their daily activities.
• If the water obtained by the occupants from a pipe or rain is stored in cisterns, water tanks, basins, or raised water tanks, and these have pipes or hoses to supply water to other dwelling' facilities, therefore they do have piped water, so you must registered it in question 12.

15. Equipment
These questions identify if the dwelling has equipment or facilities that allow greater functionality and comfort in everyday activities of the occupants. Read the question mentioning each item, listen the answers and circle the corresponding codes.

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Use the following definitions to explain to the respondents in case of doubt:

• A raised water tank is a container of large water storage capacity; it can be made of plastic or asbestos. Usually, it is located on the roofs of dwellings, although it can be located at the ground level. Sometimes people call it Rotoplas, because it is the name of the most publicized water tanks brand.
• A cistern or reservoir is a large water container built underground or at ground level; sometimes it can be a buried water tank. The important point is that people can store water in considerable quantities.
• In some places, the informant can respond they have a sink or basin where they collect water. If this basin is a big concave structure made of stone or concrete and it is used to store water, record that this dwelling has cistern or water tank.
• A water pump is a device which has a motor that serves to drive the circulation of the water. It is mainly used to raise water from one level to another, e.g., to a water tank that is located in a high place, or to suck water from a well.
• Note that the cistern or reservoir and the raised water tank can supply water to more than one dwelling and can use the same pump, e.g. in an apartment building or duplex, triple, or quadruple houses, record that each of those dwellings has this equipment.
• A boiler or water heater is a device that serves to raise the water temperature. It can run on gas, electricity, or wood; regardless of the type, record this device in this option.
• A solar water heater, as the boiler, rises the water temperature, but it does through solar cells that capture the sun's energy.
• An air conditioning is a device used to cool closed spaces (e.g., bedrooms). They are common in places very hot.
• An electrical solar panel is a device that captures sunlight to generate electricity. A dwelling can have solar panel regardless it has electricity supplied by the CFE or other source. An electrical solar panel is also known as a photovoltaic module.

16. Bathroom
This question identifies whether the occupants have a facility to dislodge the feces and urine or "go to the bathroom". In addition, this question distinguishes whether there is a toilet, usually connected to drainage, or there is a latrine. Read the question and each option until obtain an affirmative answer and circle the corresponding code.

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A latrine is a facility that has a seat of wood or other material to sit to "go to the bathroom" and also has an excavation (well or hole) where falls the excrement and urine. This type of facility is generally not connected to drainage. It is common that are located in a yard or land to ward off bad smells. This option includes wells or pits used to defecate, even if these do not have a seat.

Dry ecological toilets that have a tank (box) to store the waste and use add ash, sawdust, or lime instead of water, are recorded in the first option: toilet bowl (WC or bathroom) even if it is not connected to the drainage.

Circle the third option "there is no toilet or latrine" when occupants defecate elsewhere, either in a courtyard, mountain, cornfields, yard, or garden.

If the occupants do not have toilet or latrine, go to question 19 "Drainage"; otherwise, continue with question 17 "Water disposal".

17. Water disposal
This question asks whether the toilet or latrine used by the dwelling occupants runs on water to evacuate the human waste (feces and urine). This question also specifies if the water is discharged through a lever, chain, button, or pedal (direct discharge), or if the water is emptied manually with a bucket or pail by the occupants. Read the question and all options and circle the code corresponding to the response of the informant.

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The option "water cannot be flushed" refers to facilities that do not use water to evacuate the waste. They can be latrines, wells, pits, or dry composting toilets.

18. Toilet use
This question identifies whether the toilet or latrine used by the dwelling occupants is for exclusive use of them or if they share it with occupants of other dwellings. Record the option "yes" when the toilet or latrine is used regularly by people who do not live in the dwelling. Record the option "no" when the toilet facility is only used by the dwelling occupants.

19. Drainage
This question allows you to know whether the dwelling has pipes that displace the waste water in toilets, sinks, bathrooms, showers, or other facilities. Additionally, this question distinguishes if the pipes are connected to the public network drainage or a septic tank, if the waste water flows into a ravine or crack, or if it will arrive to a river, lake, or sea.

Consider the following words as synonymous drainage: plumbing, drain, pipe or sewer, among other terms, just in case the informants call the drainage using those words. Read the question together with each of the options to get an affirmative answer and circle the corresponding code.

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Take into account the following definitions to answer questions:

• Drainage connected to the public network displaces the waste water to the public service infrastructure, which goes through the street.
• Drainage connected to a septic tank evacuates the waste water in a closed and buried container which was specially built to receive, separate, and treat liquid and solid waste. Usually the septic tank is located in an excavation in the land of the dwelling.
• A septic system is a prefabricated device and it is installed in a hole to receive, separate, and treat waste water, so it has the same function as the septic tank, but it is considered more modern. If the respondent answers that they have a biodigester and it is working, circle the option "a septic tank or septic system (biodigester)".
• Furthermore, there are some dwellings whose drainage deposits the waste water in a ravine, crack, river, lake, or sea. If the respondent reports this situation, circle code 3 or 4, as appropriate.
• Circle the last option, "there is no drainage", when the dwelling does not have pipes to deposit the waste water somewhere outside the house and they only pour the waste water on the courtyard or land.

20. Waste disposal
This question allows you to known how the population dispose of garbage generated in the dwelling. Read the question mentioning each option until you obtain an affirmative answer and circle the corresponding code.

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• The first option refers to the garbage pickup service.
• The second option identifies whether there are containers or tanks around the dwelling.
• Burning or burying garbage are habits of populations when they do not have a garbage pickup service, or for some reason when they do not use that service. In some places, it is common to burn or bury the trash and these can be performed around the dwelling or away from it, as well these practices can be done individually or with neighbors.
• The public waste dump is a public land or piece of land intended to receive and accumulate garbage in large quantities; generally it is located outside cities and is identified by the large amount of waste that it receives.
• If the informants declare two or more ways to dispose of garbage, ask for the method more recurrent or for account for more garbage. Informants should determine it, but if they are unable to do, select the one that appears first in the answer choices.
• If the answer is "the trash is picked up by a truck or cart designed for trash" or "is left in a container or deposit", go to question 21 "Separation". However, if the answer is different, record the corresponding code 3 to 6, and pass to question 22 "Separation and reuse".

21. Separation
This question allows you to know if the population separates the trash that is daily generated in the dwelling in organic and inorganic waste, before delivering it to the garbage service collection or taking it to the container or deposit. Read the question and wait for the informant response to circle it.

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22. Recycling
These questions identify if the population, before disposing of garbage, separates some food leftover or waste to give them to animals; to fertilize plants or gardens; to separate the PET (plastic), aluminum (cans), or paper (cardboard) to sell it, donate it, or bring it. Read the question mentioning each type of reuse and circle the respondent answers in each one.

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23. Appliances, and information, and communication technology (ICT)
These questions distinguish whether the dwelling occupants have appliances and technology services used for information and communication. Search for each good or service, listen the answer and circle the corresponding codes to the answer of the informant.

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• A radio refers to anything that makes possible to hear some frequency (AM and FM) of massive broadcasting, which includes radio, radio-recording, radio-alarm clock, and modular radio device, as well as devices that have this function, such as cell phones and music players, when this use is indicated by the informant.
• The occupants have TV if the dwelling has a device that reproduces audiovisual signals of television in any form, model, or type of signal.
• The flat screen TV is a device that receives the digital signal. Record that they do have this TV type even if it is the same TV indicated in the previous option.
• The option "computer" includes desktop and portable computers, such as laptop, tablet, or notebook.
• The occupants have Internet access if they access to this communication means, regardless the device they use (desktop, laptop, cell phone, among others).
• The option "cable television" includes any type of provider and technology, either cable, antenna, among others; you can even mention provider names such as VeTv, Dish, Cablemas, Megacable, Sky, TvCable, or others that you have in your work area.
• Consider that the occupants have devices or services if they are in working conditions or if the informant says that are damaged but they will take them to repair.
• If the respondent reports that a device belongs to the company or institution where one household member works, record that they do not have that appliance.

21. Dwelling tenancy
This question distinguishes whether the dwelling owner is living there, if the occupants rent, if the dwelling belongs to a relative, or if the dwelling is lent from somebody else. Read the question and each option until obtain an affirmative answer and circle the corresponding code.

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The owner lives here: means that the dwelling owner is a regular resident of the dwelling, even when he/she does not have the documents that prove the ownership. It does not matter if the occupants have a debt or mortgage.

Rent is paid: this option applies when one of the occupants pays rent or lease to occupy the dwelling.

The dwelling is owned by a relative or it is borrowed: this option applies if the informant says that the dwelling belongs to his/hers husband, son, father, brother, other relative, or friend who lives in another house; this option includes dwellings received on loan by the company or institution where one of the occupants works one or when the owner asked them to look after the dwelling.

They are occupying the dwelling in other circumstance: this option covers cases of dwellings in litigation, intestate, and occupied with no permission of the owner and any other different situation.

If the occupants answer that the owner died, asks the informant to tell you if any of the regular occupants considered himself/herself as the owner or if they are in another situation, by reading the other options.

If the informant declares that the dwelling is owned by one of the occupants, but not the land, circle the first option "the owner lives here".

If the answer is that rent is paid, the dwelling is owned by a relative or it is borrowed, or they occupy the dwelling in other circumstance, pass to section II "List of people". Otherwise, continue with question 25 "Owner's name".

25. Owner's name
This question identifies the name of the occupant who is the owner of the dwelling. Read the question, listen the answer and write the appropriate name.

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If the respondent says that two or more people own the dwelling and they reside there, list the names of the two persons in accordance to the answer of the informant. Continue filling the questionnaire and once you have registered section II "List of People", have identified the informant and have verified the total number of people, return to this question to record the number of the owner from the list. Check that the name of the owner effectively corresponds to one of the residents. If you notice that the owner's name does not correspond to any of the people on the list, clarifies the situation with the informant; if the owner does not live there, consider the criteria described for each option of the tenure question and determine the correct answer.

26. Title or deed
This question identifies whether the owner has the deed or title for the house, or if the document is not under his/her name. Read the question replacing the name of the person stated in the question "Owner's name", for example:

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Generally, the tittle of a dwelling is a public document signed by a notary in which one or more persons are credited as legal owners of the house. Register "yes" when the title is under the name of the owner who resides in the dwelling; also register "yes" if they only have the land title because they built the dwelling or they ordered the construction of the dwelling. If you registered two persons as owners and the title is under the name of one of them, register that the title is under her/his name. It is not necessary that they show you a document or that you request to see it.

Circle "No" if they respond that the title is under the name of a person who does not live in the dwelling or if they comment: "the dwelling is under my dad's name, but he died", "the dwelling is under my ex-husband's name", or "the dwelling is under my daughter's name, but she does not live here anymore".

Mark the option "there is no deed/title" if the informant indicates it or if he/she states that are in the process to get it, or if they only have a receipt or purchase agreement.
Circle the option "does not know" only when the informant definitely does not know the answer.

27. Acquisition

The purpose of the question is to know how the owner bought the dwelling.

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Read the question and each option until obtaining an answer and circle the corresponding code. Consider the following criteria:

• The owner bought the dwelling already built if he/she obtained it in exchange for a payment in cash or by a credit, so the dwelling could be fully paid or have a debt or mortgage. It is a finished dwelling that the owner bought from an individual or a company.
• Take into account that the dwelling was purchased already built if it is ready to be inhabited, though the informants indicate that they constructed another room or they remodeled the dwelling after buying it.
• He/she ordered the construction of the dwelling if he/she hired and paid to a worker, mason, architect, engineer, or building company for its construction.
• The owner or some relatives constructed the dwelling if he/she or other occupants, relatives, or friends constructed the dwelling, so the owner did not hire or pay someone else.
• He/she inherited the dwelling when it was acquired by a provision established in a testament or through a legal judgment. This option includes the dwelling inherited in life.
• He/she received the dwelling as government support when it is given by any public institution because the former dwelling suffered a mishap such a natural disaster.
• The owner obtained the dwelling in another way if he/she states that he/she got it in a raffle, the dwelling is occupied without permission of the owner, as well as any different situation from the previous mentioned before.
• If the answer is "inherited it", "received is as government support", or "obtained in some other way", pass to the section II "List of People". Instead, if you circled codes 1 to 3, continue with the question 28 "Financing".

28. Financing
The question aims to determine how the owner obtained the money or resources to build or pay the dwelling. Read the question mentioning each option until obtaining an affirmative answer and circle the appropriate code.

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Takes into account the following considerations:

If the respondent answered that he/she obtained a mixed credit, i.e. a credit from INFONAVIT and another credit from a bank or FOVISSTE and also his/her own resources, record the first response. If the answer is "own resources", skip to Section II "List of People".

29. Debt
This question identifies whether the owner of the dwelling currently has a debt for having applied for a loan, credit, or financing to buy or build the dwelling. Read the question mentioning the answer choices and circle the corresponding code.

[Figures are omitted]

Consider that the dwelling is fully paid if the owner applied for a credit, financing, or loan, but he/she finished paying. The owner is paying for the dwelling if the owner obtained a loan, financing, or loan to buy or build the dwelling and currently he/she makes periodic payments to a public or private institution (e.g. INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE, PEMEX, or a bank) or a relative, friend, or moneylender. They stopped paying for the dwelling if the owner obtained a loan, financing, or loan to buy or build housing and currently he/she does not make regular payments. If they tell you that temporarily (between one to three months) they could make payments, circle the answer "it is being pay for".

6.2 Instructions for the Questions of Population

Habitual resident
The gathered information through the questionnaire is about each of the habitual residents of the dwelling, who are defined as people who usually inhabit it, sleep there, prepare their food, eat, and protect themselves from the environment. Only when the informant doubts to whom consider as a resident, support him/her with the following criteria:

Is not considered a habitual resident when:

Only if the criteria are not enough, ask to the person where he/she sleeps the greatest number of days of the week within the country; the person will be a habitual resident of the dwelling where he/she sleeps more days during the week.

Section II. List of People

This section contains questions that identify the number of people who are habitual residents of the dwelling, in addition to the family relationships between them.

1. List of persons
This question identifies all persons who are habitual residents of the dwelling.

[Figures are omitted]

Read the full question, avoid reducing or summarizing it, listen the answer and write the names in each of the lines, with no use of abbreviations, of all people who usually live in the dwelling, including small children and the elderly people.

In the first line, write the name of the head, which is recognized as such by the other residents of the dwelling; there can only be one, regardless of the gender. When the respondent does not identify anyone as head because the occupants of the dwelling are a group of friends, students, or other situation, records the first person mentioned in the first line.

If there are some people with the same first name and last name, type the full name and write in brackets his/her relationship with the head, so you can distinguish them throughout the interview.
When the dwelling has more than six people, use another questionnaire. In the "List of People" of the second questionnaire, annul the printed numbers and type the number "7" onwards until complete the total dwelling people. Do the same procedure if you require using more than one questionnaire in the dwelling.

After having the complete list, circle the number of the informant in the column of person's number. In case he/she has not given you prior information about him/her, ask which of the names suits him/her.

If you start with an informant and during the interview comes another occupant to provide more information, circle who have answered the greatest number of questions.
When the informant is in a second or third questionnaire, please ensure that before circling the number, you have corrected the numbering of 7 onwards.

2. Verification of the list of persons
This question confirms that the number of people listed is the same than the number of people who actually live in the dwelling, in order to check that the informant has not forgotten to mention someone.

It is important that you ask this question correctly, because counting all people is one of the central objectives of this survey.

Read the question: "Thus, are (indicate the total number of persons listed) people living here?" If the answer is "yes", records the number and circle the code "1"; if not, check which person is missing from the list and add him/her.

[Figures are omitted]

If you used more than one questionnaire, records the data for this question in the first questionnaire. Once finished with the verification and correction of the list of persons, returns to the question 25 "Owner's name" of Section I "Characteristics of the Dwelling" and record the number corresponding to the owner, if in question 24 the occupants indicated that the owner lives in the dwelling.

Section III. Characteristics of People

This section obtains the information of each dwelling's occupants.

[Figures are omitted]

Before requesting the information from each person, copy their names from question 1 "List of People" and write them in the areas assigned to it. Do not forget to correct the number of the person when you use more than one questionnaire. Start with the phase "now I will ask you about ..." to let the informant know for which person are you requesting the information, and mention the name of the person that you wrote previously. Questions 1 through 12 must be asked to all persons who are habitual residents, including girls and young children, elderly people and domestic workers who sleep in the house.

1. Sex
This information is not asked when you can identify the sex of the person by his/her name or when you are requesting the information of the person. In both situations, only mention the name of the person, confirm the corresponding gender and ask the question about his/her age.

[Figures are omitted]

Example: Ana is a woman, how old is she?
Ask the sex question when the name is unusual such as Andárani, Yuritzi, Erubey, Éder, or if the name is used for both men and women such as Guadalupe, Rosario, Inés, Asunción, Refugio, Concepción, Soledad.
Example: Is Refugio a male or female?

2. Age
This question identifies the age (in completed years) of each resident of the dwelling at the time of the interview. Moreover, this information allows you to apply age cutoffs of the questionnaire.

[Figures are omitted]

Read the question for each person, listen the answers and record the age in years in the space intended for it. If the respondent does not remember or does not specify the age of any person, support him/her mentioning some event, such as marriage, birth of a son or daughter, grade at school, among others or asked him/her to verify the birth certificate, the credential of the voter, the CURP, the driver license or another document that shows the date of birth; help him/her to calculate the age. When the informant says phrases like "33 turning 34", "2 and a half" or "almost 5", verify with him/her the years of age at the time (33, 2 and 4, respectively). Registers three zeros (000) if the person is less than one year, either by hours, days, weeks, or less than 12 months of age.

3. Relationship
This question identifies the family relationship of each person with the head; for example: wife, husband, son, daughter, grandson, granddaughter, among others.

Search the relationship always with respect to the head and no with respect to the informant, unless he/she is the head. Remember that there can be only one head in the dwelling, regardless of the gender.

Read the question, listen to the answer and circle the appropriate code. Write only on the line if the information declared by the informant is another relationship that is not listed in options 2 to 7. For example: niece, nephew, grandmother, grandfather, chauffeur, domestic worker, and so on.

[Figures are omitted]

Since the first person is the head, you must confirm it in this question as follows: "Is Sofia the head?". For the other people ask the question including the word "head": "What is the relationship of Miguel with the head?"

When the informant did not identify anyone as head, circle the code 1 for the first person and ask the relationship with respect to that person.

4. Identification of the mother and 5. Identification of the father
These questions identify the parents of each person residing in the dwelling. Also these questions identify if parents are alive. Read the questions, if the answer in one of the two is "in this dwelling" asks "who is he/she?", and immediately identify the number of that person in Section II "List of People", search for the person's number provided by the informant and write it in the space designated for this question.

[Figures are omitted]

If the answer is "in another dwelling, died or do not known", circle the codes 96, 97 or 98, respectively. When the informant had told you the information about the relationships between the habitual residents, check the information as follows:

6. Use of health services
This question identifies the institution, establishment, or place attended by the occupants to receive medical health care when they have health problems. Read the question, listen the answer and circle the corresponding code.

[Figures are omitted]

If the respondent answers that the person goes to more than one health institution, ask which he/she attends more frequently and circle the option declared. Consider that the response options are read only when the informant indicates doubts about how to answer, with words or with gestures. Moreover, take into account the following information:

If the respondent mentions that the occupants attend an establishment or medical office that belongs to a pharmacy which provides medical care in exchange for a payment, circle option 7 "Clinic in a pharmacy".

When the informant declares that they use health services from the Oportunidades Program (Prospera) or from other charity institutions such as the Red Cross, Green Cross, Amber Cruz, medical dispensary, midwife, health promoter, or they use homeopathy or acupuncture, circle the code 8 "another place".

For people who claim to go to a healer, bonesetter, witchdoctor, herbalist, or homemade remedies, as well as answers like "does not go to the doctor", "homemade remedies", "do not use medical services", circle option 9 "does not go to the doctor". Also, include in this option to persons who indicate that take medications on their own with no recommendation (prescription) from a doctor, i.e. without consulting a doctor or health professional.

Afro-descendants
This question applies to everyone in the dwelling. Its objective is to identify whether any occupant, according to their culture, history, and tradition, it is considered Afro-Mexican or Afro-descendant.

[Figures are omitted]

The Afro-Mexican or Afro-descendants descent from those people from Africa who came forcibly to Mexico centuries ago during the colonial period to work on farms, mills, mines, manufacturing, or as cookers, traders and nurses, among other activities. There were people who stood out as leaders in the independence movement and other times of the history of Mexico. Such Afro-Mexican or Afro-descendent populations in Mexico have been rendered invisible for centuries. Therefore, some people or communities that descend from diverse African cultures hardly know the history of their ancestors; however, many of them know they have particular traditions and particular customs different from those of the indigenous or mestizo populations.
In question the term "black" is used, since Afro-descendent or Afro-Mexican people are recognized with this word in many regions of the country. In some places, they are identified as "black mascogos", "black jarochos", or "black costeños". However, being Afro-descendent does not imply certain skin color or hair texture. For that reason, this question refers to the history, culture, and traditions as elements of identification and not the skin color. It is important to respect the self-description of people, i.e., as they recognize themselves.

Read the question slowly and without omitting words, listen the answer and circle the corresponding option. Always ask this question even if you consider that there are not Afro-Mexicans or Afro-descents in your work area.

Pay special attention to the response of the informant, as sometimes they understand "Mexican" instead of "Afro-Mexican". Therefore, if he/she answers as "we are Mexicans", "we were born here", or something else similar, comment that you refer to the term "Afro-Mexican" and explain it. If the answer is "yes", circle the code 1, but he/she says "maybe my father, but not my mother", "I would say a little" or something similar, circle the option 2 "yes, in part". When the informant does not know the answer of other people in the dwelling, circle option 4 "does not know".

8. Birth Certificate
This question identifies if the occupants are registered in the Mexican civil registry and therefore, they have a birth certificate.

If the respondent says he/she has no birth certificate because it was lost, has not picked it up in the civil registration office, or it is keep in an institution, ask whether he/she is enrolled in the civil registry and if the answer is "yes", circle code 1; only when he/she states that is not enrolled in the civil registry, circle code 2 "no".

If the person was born in another country and he/she say that is registered in that country, circle code 3 "he/she is registered in another country".

9. Health service affiliation
This question identifies if the occupants are affiliated or have a right to medical care in any security social institution, private or public health. Read the question and all options, listen the answer and circle up to two codes if he/she mentions more than one institution.

[Figures are omitted]

Consider that a person is affiliated or has right to medical services when:

If the person is doing procedures to receive medical care, consider that he/she is affiliated or entitled to medical services.

When a person is student at an educational institution that provides the right to medical services, circle the code of the health institution that provides this service. For each response options of this question, take into account the criteria listed below:

[Figures are omitted]

Always ask this question even when you consider that there are not indigenous people in your work area. If the answer is "yes", circle code 1; however, if they say: "maybe my father is indigenous, but not my mother", "I would say a little" or something similar, circle option 2 "yes, in part". When the informant does not know the answer about the other occupants, circle option 4 "does not know". When the informant expresses doubts or does not understand the question, mention that a person is indigenous or is recognized as indigenous by these facts:

Remember that indigenous identity is not always related to language; a person can speak some indigenous language and not be considered as indigenous; in the opposite direction, a person can be considered indigenous without speaking a native language. Therefore, if the person mentions he/she cannot speak an indigenous language, ask whether he/she consider himself/herself as indigenous.

11. State or country of birth
This question identifies the Mexican state or the country where the person was born.
Read the question, listen the answer and circle a code or record the name of the state or country.

[Figures are omitted]

Circle the code 1 when the person was born in the same entity where you are conducting the interview and go to question 13 "Speak indigenous language". If the person was born in the United States of America, then circle the code 3.

Write on the line the name of the state or country where the person was born if he/she is in a different state at the moment of the interview or if he/she was born in a different country from the United States of America.

If the answer is the name of a municipality or delegation, colony, or locality, ask the state of Mexico or the country and record it on the line. Do not use abbreviations. In the case of obtaining imprecise information, record the information received on the corresponding line.
When the informant answers he/she was born in Mexico or Mexico City, ask him/her to clarify if it is the federal district or the state of Mexico and record it. If the person was born in the United States or in another country, continue with the question 12 "Nationality"; otherwise, go to question 13 "Speak indigenous language".

12. Nationality
This question determines whether people born in another country have the Mexican nationality.
A person has Mexican nationality when he/she is recognized by the Mexican State as a member of this nation.

[Figures are omitted]

Therefore, people have Mexican nationality in the following cases:

First age cutoff
Questions 13 to 22 are applied only to persons who are 3 years or older. It is indicated in the Questionnaire in a shaded box:

[Figures are omitted]

13. Speak indigenous language, 14. Name of the indigenous language, and 15. Speak
Spanish
This set of questions identifies people who speak a dialect or indigenous language, the name of the language they speak and also if they speak Spanish. Always asks the first question, even when you consider that in your work area people do not speak an indigenous language. Consider that indigenous languages are the set of languages that historically are heritage of indigenous groups in the Americas. Therefore, foreign languages including English, French, German, Italian, or Japanese are not indigenous languages.

When the answer is "yes", proceed to question 14 "Name of indigenous language". If the answer is "no", pass to question 16 "Understand indigenous language". If the respondent answers, that "he/she speak a little", "I do not speak fluent, but I understand it", "I speak, but I do not write" considers that the person does speak an indigenous language. Also record that the person speaks an indigenous language even when it is not used regularly. For question 14, records the name of the indigenous language as heard, without using abbreviations.

[Figures are omitted]

Make clarifications particularly for the following languages: if the language is Chontal, ask if it is from Oaxaca or Tabasco; if the language is Amuzgo, asks if it is from Oaxaca or Guerrero; and if the language is Tepehuano, ask if it is from Chihuahua or Durango.

If the answer is "the language spoken in the region", "the language spoken by my parents" or answers that do not specify the language, ask for the name of the language and write it. If the informant does not know the name of the language, write the textual answer.

When the informant does not know the answer, write "does not know".

For question 15, if the answer is "a little", "almost nothing", "some words", among others, consider that he/she does not speak Spanish. If the person speaks Spanish, record that he/she does speak Spanish even though the person does not speak it regularly.

When you finish with question 15 "Speak Spanish", go to question 17 "School attendance".

16. Understands indigenous language
This question identifies whether people who do not speak an indigenous language understand it.
When the informant said, "little", "very little", "something", among others, you must search more and ask: "Does Ana understand a dialogue between two people who speak an indigenous language?", if the answer is still "little", circle the code 3 "no".

[Figures are omitted]

17. School Attendance
This question identifies the population that is enrolled in a school in the educational system or its equivalent and regularly attends it.

[Figures are omitted]

Consider that the person attends school when he/she is registered in:

Records that the person does not attend school when:

When the answer is "yes", proceed to question 18 "Municipality of school attended". Otherwise, go to question 22 "Schooling".

18. Municipality of school attended and 19. State or country of school attended
These questions identify the city, state, or country to which people travel to attend to school regularly.

[Figures are omitted]

For question 18 "Municipality of school attended", circle code 1 when the school to which the person is attending is located in the same municipality of the interview and pass to question 20 "Time to commute to school". In case the school is in a municipality or delegation different from the place of the interview, write it on the line.

When the informant mention he/she is studying in another country, circle the code 3 in question 18 and continue with question 19 "State or country of school attended".

Circle the code 1 in question 18 if the state where is located the school is the same as the place of the interview, or circle the code 3 if the person studies in the United States. If the answer is another entity or country type its name on the appropriate line.

If the answer is the name of a city, colony, or locality, ask to which municipality belongs, register it and continue with question 19 "State or country of school attended".

If you do not get accurate information, record in the corresponding line the textual answer of the informant without using abbreviations. Record "does not know" when the person says that.

Ask for the state or country even when the informant says she/he does not know the name of the municipality.

If the informant says that the school is in Mexico or Mexico City, ask whether it is in the Federal District or in the State of Mexico and record the answer.

20. Time to commute to school
This question identifies how long the person takes regularly to go from his/her home to school.

[Figures are omitted]

Pay attention to the answer to circle the corresponding code. For example, if the person declares 10 minutes circle the code 1 "less than 15 minutes", or if the person says an hour and a half, circle the code 4 "between 1 and 2 hours".

Maybe the answer is not stated in not numerical terms, thus consider the following information:

Circle the code 6 "does not commute" when the person studies by distance or online and therefore, he/she does have to attend an educational institution, and go to question 22 "Level of schooling".

Consider that the commute includes from the person leaves the house until he/she arrives at the school, regardless of the mean of transportation used by the person. This answer must include the time invested to go for taking the transport, the waiting time of the transport, and the transfer time in the transport (public or private vehicle, animal or manual traction), even if the person rides a bike or walk.

Do not account for the time that person spends in other activities on the way; even if those activities are done by the person or by the companion, such as going to play sports, or stopping to take a drink or some food. Therefore, explores the time spent by the person if he/she went directly to the school.

If the person does not go from dwelling to school, but goes from work or elsewhere, explores how long he/she would take travelling from the dwelling to school.

21. Mode of transport to school
This question identifies the mean of transportation used by the person to arrive to school. Read the question and circle the answer declared by the informant. Take into account you can choose up to three means of transportation when those are used in the same route.

[Figures are omitted]

For example, some people take a truck, after take the subway and then walk to school. In this case you must check all three means of transportation.

When the informant indicates that some days he/she uses a mean of transportation and other days uses another transportation mode, ask him/her to identify the used most frequently used transportation.

If the answer is trolleybus circle code 1 "bus, taxi, or collective transport".

If the informant mentions a mode of transportation not included in the options, circle code 7 "other".

22. Level of schooling
This question identifies the last grade (year) and educational level of the population in the National Educational System (SEN by its acronym in Spanish) or equivalent and it considers studies from kindergarten to doctorate.

[Figures are omitted]

Because the last degree approved by the person is information of interest, when the person is studying a year or grade level at the time of the interview, record the year or grade already completed, not the current one.

To properly register people according to the latest educational level approved, taking into account the following criteria:

If the person is pursuing a technical career simultaneously to primary, secondary, or preparatory, do not register him/her in this category, instead record him/her in primary, secondary, or technological baccalaureate, respectively.

Consider that technical studies with completed primary are also called job training. Furthermore, technical studies with completed preparatory are also called as technical college degree (TSU for its acronym in Spanish) or associated professional.

When the answer is "baccalaureate with specialty" asks whether specialty studies were taken at the end of the baccalaureate or at the same time. If the specialty was at the same time, it must be recorded as baccalaureate; if it was after concluding the baccalaureate, it is recorded as a specialty.

If the person studied in another country, ask what educational level is equivalent to his/her studies, as well as the number of years approved, and register this information at the corresponding level. If the person studied in the United States of America, to make conversions use the conversion table which is in the Annex.

When the person is on vacations, record the degree that just passed and circle the corresponding educational level.

If the respondent states that has no an educational level, preschool or primary, continue with question 23 "Literacy"; if his/her educational level is secondary or more pass to question 24 "Municipality of residence in 2010".

Second Age Cutoff
Questions 23 to 25 are applied only to persons who are 5 years or older. It is indicated in the Questionnaire in a shaded box:

[Figures are omitted]

23. Literacy
This question distinguishes people who know read and write a message. Consider that the person knows how to do that when:

A person cannot read and write if only can write his/her name, some words, numbers, and read advertisements. When the response is "not much", "more or less", or "write with ugly letter", ask whether the person can read and write a complete message to see if he/she is really literate.

24. Municipality of residence in 2010 and 25. Entity or country of residence in 2010
These questions identify the Mexican municipality, state, or country where the person lived 5 years ago, in March 2010.

[Figures are omitted]

For question 24 "Municipality of residency in 2010", circle the code 1 if in March 2010 the person resided in the same municipality or delegation where you do the interview, and pass to question 26 "Marital Status". When the answer is that the person resided in another municipality or different delegation to the place of the interview, write it on the line.

If the informant mentions that he/she lived in another country, circle code 3 in the question "Municipality of Residence", and continue with the question 25 "Entity or country of residence".
If the answer is the name of a city, colony, or locality, ask to which municipality belongs and register it.

When you do not get accurate information, record the exact information on the corresponding line, without using abbreviations. If the person does not know the municipality, state, or country where was living, write "Do not know" on the line.

Ask for the state or country, even when the informant says he/she does not know the name of the municipality.

If the person says he/she lived in Mexico or Mexico City, ask whether it is the Federal District or state of Mexico and register district.

Third age cutoff
Questions 26 to 41 are applied only to persons who are 12 years or older. It is indicated in the Questionnaire in a shaded box:

[Figures are omitted]

26. Marital Status
This question identifies whether the person lives in free union or marriage, single, widowed, separated or divorced.

Read the question with all the options until obtain an affirmative answer and circle the appropriate code to the response.

[Figures are omitted]
Never make assumptions about the marital status of a person. Ask this question even if the person is young, to avoid omissions of joined or married teenagers.

Register as married to persons who got married through a civil, religious procedure, or both.

When the informant mentions that once he/she was married or cohabiting, register to him/her as separated, divorced, or widowed, depending of the case, but never as a single person.

If the answer is "living with a partner or in union" or "married", continue with question 27 "Partner's identification". For separated, divorced, widowed, or single persons pass to question 28 "Work".

27. Partner's identification
This question identifies the couple of people who said they were united or married and the partner lives in the house. Read the question, if the answer is "in this house", as who is he/she; then, identifies the number of line in Section II "List of People", find the number of the partner of the informant and record it in the space provided in this question.

[Figures are omitted]

If the answer is "in another house" or "do not know", circle the corresponding code. If the interview allows you to know previously who is the partner or spouse of some persons from the list because the informant has provided this information, for example, when he/she gave you the relationship of people, confirm this information as follows:
Is Paco Judith's partner?
You said that Alfredo is your husband, right?

28. Work and 29. Other Activities
Both questions identify if people worked the week prior to the interview, i.e., the period from Monday to Saturday of last week.

[Figures are omitted]

In question 28 "Work", circle 1 when people answer "yes" and go to question 30 "Name of occupation". If the answer is "no", circle code 3 and apply question 29 "Other activities", which identifies if the person worked last week even when sometimes people believe that their activities do not form part of a job.

Consider that a person worked when he/she:

The activities contained in options 1 to 6 in question 29 "other activities" correspond to jobs; options 7 to 11 are used to identify people who looked for a job and those that did not work for different reasons.

To have a proper record of the response, consider the following information for question 29:

If someone states that had two or more jobs during the week preceding the interview, ask him/her to indicate the main job. If the person has doubts, ask for the job in which the person spent more hours. Then, you will refer to this main job for all related questions.

If you circled a choice between 1 and 6, continue with question 30 "Name of occupation"; if the answer is from codes 7 to 12, go to question 41 "Activities without payment".

30. Name of occupation and 31. Tasks
These questions identify the occupation of the respondent who worked the week previous to the interview. Question 30 "Name of occupation" identifies the name of the occupation or trade of the workers and question 31 "Job duties" identifies the specific activities carried out by them at their jobs. Apply question 30 "Name of occupation" only to people who worked during the week previous to the interview, so these people answered "yes" to question 28 "Work" or because their answers were between codes 1 to 6 in question 29 "Other activities". When the answer is code 6, consider the name of the occupation that the person performs usually. Read the question, listen to the answer and record the textual answer; in all cases avoid doing translations or reinterpretations.

Request more information when the answer is too general, no matters in which case.
For example:

[Figures are omitted]

When you obtain an occupation in question 30 and the job duties performed in that occupation are obvious, confirm it with the informant to verify or to correct the information. For example:

32. Position at work
This question identifies the position held by workers in the business, company, or place where they worked during the week preceding the interview. Read the question and each option until obtaining an affirmative answer and circle the appropriate code.

[Figures are omitted]

Take into account the following considerations:

Laborers and farmhands generally perform their occupation in agriculture or construction.
Note that managers or administrators are not always owners of the business or company, but they are employees.

When the answer is employee or laborer, farmland, or paid assistant, continue with question 33 "Work benefits".

If the answer is boss, employer, or self-employed, go to question 34 "Income from work"; if the person is an unpaid worker, go to question "Business, company, or workplace".

33. Work benefits
This question identifies employment benefits of people who worked for a company, business, or employer the week prior to the interview. Read the question and all its options, listen the answer and circle a response code for each option.

[Figures are omitted]

Consider that a person receives work benefits even when he/she has never used them.
If you observe that the informant has doubts, use the following concepts to explain:

34. Income from work
This question identifies the amount of income that people receive from his work. To know this information, ask for the amount of money earned and the period in which it is received. Read the question, listen to the response, records the amount and circle a code for the time period. If the person only mentions the amount, ask "how often do you receive the money?", to obtain the time period.

[Figures are omitted]

Note that workers receive their payment for their jobs in different ways, such as:

When people are dedicated to the field, cultivation, or animal breeding, ask them to consider the profit or payment the money earned for made sales, even when these are seasonal. When the answer is that the person receives a million pesos or more, scores 888,888 and circle the corresponding time period. When the person is an unpaid worker and therefore he/she does not receive or earns money by the job, only circle code 5 "does not receive payment".

35. Business, company, or workplace and 36. Business, company, or workplace activity
These questions identify the business, company, or place where people worked the week before the interview, as well as the job duties in them.

[Figures are omitted]

Note that a list of workplaces appears in the first question, if the answer corresponds exactly to any place circle the corresponding code; otherwise record textually the answer on the lines of "elsewhere". If the person does not have a fixed place to work, record the most frequent place indicated by the person. Avoid making translations or reinterpretations.

Once identified the business name, company, or place where the person works, apply question 36 "business, company or workplace activity" to know the job duties performed by the person, the products or services offered by the person and the type of economic activity done by him/her. Record the textual answer and avoid translations or reinterpretations.

When you get the name of the workplace and the activity performed by the person is obvious for yourself, only confirm your guess with the informant. For example:

When the answer is very general so it does not allow you to identify the specific activity of the company, business, or workplace, request more detailed information; for example:

37. Municipality of work and 38. State of country or work
These questions identify the municipality, state, or country to which people commute on a daily basis.

[Figures are omitted]

For question 37 "Municipality of work" circle code 1 when the workplace is in the same municipality of the interview and go to question 39 "Commute time to work". Instead, if the workplace is in a municipality or delegation different from the place of the interview, write it on the line.

If the informant mentions that he/she works in another country, circle code 3 in "Municipality of work" and continue with question 38 "State of country or work".

In state or country of work, circle code 1 if the person works in the same state or circle 3 if the person works in the United States. If the answer is another state or country, write the name in the corresponding line.

If the answer is the name of a city, colony, or locality, ask for which municipality it belongs, register it and continue with question 38 "State of country or work".

When you not get accurate information record the exact information provided by the informant without using abbreviations. Additionally, write on the corresponding line "Does not know" if the person does not know in which municipality, state, or country he/she works.

Ask for the state or country even when the informant says he/she does not know the name of municipality.

People who work at home are recorded in option 1 "Here in this municipality or township"; for example, if the person has a shop or workshop in the house, if the persons washed or fixed other people's clothes, prepared food to sell, among others.

If the person says that the workplace is in Mexico or in the City of Mexico, ask whether he/she refers to the Federal District or the State of Mexico and register it.

When the answer is that the person has no fixed municipality to work because he/she travel through different municipalities, consider the municipality visited most frequently and write it down.

39. Commute time to work
This question identifies how long the person takes regularly to go from home to work. Pay attention to the answer to circle the corresponding code to the time. For example, if the person declares 10 minutes ,circle code 1 "Until 15 minutes"; or if the person says an hour and a half, circle code 4 "More than an hour to two hours".

[Figures are omitted]

Maybe the informant declares an answer in non-numerical terms, so consider the following information:

Circle code 6 "It is not possible to tell how long" when it is not possible to calculate the commuting time because the person does not go to a fixed workplace, as the case of drivers, taxi drivers, or salesman door to door.

Circle code 7 "Does not commute" when people work at home and go to question 41 "Unpaid activities".

Note that the commuting time includes the time from when the person leaves the house until he/she arrives to the workplace, regardless of how the person does this journey. Include the time spent to go to transportation, the waiting time for transportation, and transportation time in the transport mean (the transportation mean can be public or private with motor, animal traction, or manual traction) even if the person goes cycling or walking.

Do not count the time that the person spend in other "activities on the way", whether these activities are performed by the person or by the person who takes or accompanies him/her, such as going to play a sport, take children to school, or stop to buy a drink or some food. Ask how long the person would take to go to the workplace if he/she goes directly to that place.

If the person does not go from home to workplace, instead he/she goes from the school or elsewhere, ask how long the person would take if he/she goes from home.

40. Mode of transportation to work
This question identifies how the person is transported to work. Read the question and circle the answer given by the informant. Take into account that you can circle up to three transportation means when those are used in the same way.

[Figures are omitted]

For example, there are people who take a truck, then take the subway and then walk to their job. In this case, circle all three media.

When the informant indicates that some days he/she uses a determined transportation mean and other days he/she uses another different transportation mean, ask him/her to identify the one used most often.

If the answer is trolleybus circle code 1 "bus, taxi, or collective transport".

If the informant mentioned a mode of transportation not included in the options, circle code 7 "other".

41. Unpaid activities
This question identifies the number of hours in unpaid activities performed by persons during the preceding week to interview, for their own benefit or their family. Read the question mentioning its options, and record the hours for each option.

[Figures are omitted]

The first five activities refer to health care of sick people or with disabilities of all ages, as well as care of children under 6 years old, children of 6-14 years old, and people aged 60 years or older.

Here are some duties performed when the person provides "special and continuous care":

Note that the options 6-8 are regular activities in the house; if the informant mentions that the household members do them at the same time, ask for approximate hours spent on each activity.
Sometimes the informant mentions that he/she performs several activities at the same time, in these cases, ask for an approximate hours spent in each activity.

To record time, consider the following information:

Age and gender cutoff
Questions 42 to 47 are applied only to persons who are 12 years or older. It is indicated in the Questionnaire in a shaded box:

[Figures are omitted]

42. Children born alive, 43. Deceased children, and 44. Children alive
These questions identify how many sons and daughters born alive each woman aged 12 years or older has had, how many have died and how many live today.

[Figures are omitted]

Consider that a child born alive is someone who had some movement at birth, cried, breathed, heartbeat, or any other sign of life, even after this person died later. Therefore, record the total number of children born alive that woman have had.

Includes all children, whether or not they live or not in the home with the mother, they have got married, have emigrated, have been given up for adoption or have passed away.

Questions apply to women 12 years or older, whether they are married or single, even if they seem very young. Note that there exist teenager mothers.

Do not include abortions or stillborn as died or alive children.

Make sure the total of children who were born alive equals the sum of alive children plus the deceased children. If there is any discrepancy, comment with the informant and correct it.

Record "00" in question 42 when the informant mentions that the woman has never had children born alive; in that case continue with the next person or skip to Section IV "Other Income and Land".

45. Date of birth, 46. Survival, and 47. Age at death
These questions allow you to know some information about the last child born alive, such as the date of birth, if this person is still alive, and his/her age when he/she died case of death.

[Figures are omitted]

If necessary, support the informant to remember those dates related to events such as: baptisms, intervals in the ages of the children, births of other relatives, lactation periods, and other situations that are useful the required dates.

In Question 45 "Date of birth" record the two-digit month and the four-digit year. Do not register as last child born alive if he/she suffered fetal death, i.e., if stillborn.

If the last child survived, circle code 1 in question 46 "Survival" and continue with the next person or skip to Section IV "Other Income and Land".

In Question 47 "Age at death" take into account the following considerations to register age:

At the end the question 47 "Age at death", continue with the next person or skip to Section IV. "Other Income and Land".

Section IV. Other Income and Land
This section has two questions that are asked once you finished collecting the information for all household members.

If you used more than one questionnaire to request information from people, you need to record the information of this section in the last questionnaire.

Before asking questions of this section, read the introductory text: "Speaking of another topic?"

1. Other income
This question identifies houses where some members receive money from people who do not live in the house, from government programs, retirement, or pension.

[Figures are omitted]

Read the question and all its options, listen to the answer and circle the corresponding code to each option.

Because this question refers to money, record in the column "yes" those persons who receive money; while register in the column "no" those persons who receive help in-kind, such as pantries, school supplies, or clothes.

Money received in those options is different from other types of income because:

Some of the programs that provide cash support are:

People who receive retirement are those who fulfilled the working years or the age established and now they receive monthly money from the IMSS, ISSSTE, PEMEX, Defense, or Marine.

Money received from pensions can be for disabled workers, either temporary or permanently disabled by an illness or a work accident, or also pensions can be given by widowhood, food, or orphanage.

2. Agricultural land and 3. Owner of the agricultural land
This question identifies owners of agricultural land, i.e., those lands are used for agriculture, livestock, cutting trees, or have nurseries or greenhouses.

Read the question, mention the two options, listen to the answer and circle the corresponding code to each option.

[Figures are omitted]

Consider that the land is used for planting or is cultivated when the activity is related to the use of plant species grown in land, plots, and orchards, in order to obtain plant products of human, animal, or industrial consumption. If the agricultural activity placed in the backyard is only for self-consumption, circle code 2 "no".

Animal breeding refers to the activity dedicated to the exploitation of any stage of animal growing (breeding, reproduction, fattening, and use thereof), in order to take advantage of its meat, milk, egg, skin, honey, or labor. It excludes cattle bulls and roosters fight. If the agricultural activity placed in the backyard is only for self-consumption, circle code 2 "no".

Cutting trees is included in forest activities known as cutting down or knocking down trees to obtain wood products of forest species whose production cycles last more than 10 years and sell those products.

The greenhouse is a construction or installation structure covered with glass or plastic; the temperature, moisture, and plant nutrients are controlled for growing, reproduction, and commercialization of plants. Instead, the nursery is a construction or outdoor installation where plants reproduce and receive necessary care from their growing, until their sale or permanent transplant.

Greenhouses and nurseries are also known as protected agriculture because they are systems that use transparent or semitransparent covers and serve to create artificial weather conditions.
Seedbeds and seedlings are not considered nurseries or greenhouses (they are very small ground surfaces where exclusively germination of the seed occurs).

When the answer is "yes" for any of the two options, ask for the full name of the owner and record it in question 3 "Owner of the agricultural land".

There are three lines to register the owner's name, one for the name or names, one for the first surname and one for the second surname. Then, register the code of that person recorded in the "List of people". To register this person's number, go back to section II "List of people" and verify the corresponding person's number.

If they indicate that there exist more than one landowner, ask to mention just one and writes that name on the line. Do not forget to add the person's number.

Section V. Eating habits
If you used more than one questionnaire to request information from people, you must register the information of this section in the last questionnaire. This section has four questions. Before asking these questions, read the introductory text: "Now I'm going to ask about eating habits".

1. Adult's eating and 2. Food intake of adults
Both questions identify households with adults, i.e. of 18 years or older, who have trouble satisfying their nutritional needs for lack of money.

[Figures are omitted]

Read the questions, mention their options, listen to the answer and circle the corresponding code for each one. To obtain useful information, it is very important that the answers refer to:

When the informant has doubts about "food variety", take into account that it refers to the availability of diverse food, calories, and nutrients in order to satisfy the needs of a balanced diet; i.e., they provide the nutrients required for daily energy use (proteins, fats, and carbohydrates); they allow maintenance or achieving the ideal weight and provide vitamins and minerals. Therefore, "unvaried eating" means that people do not consume various types of food (vegetables, fruits, cereals, and meat).

If the respondent asks "what they should eat" answer that it is referred to the ideal diet considered by he/she, that is, what does he/she think they should eat in the house.

If the informant has doubts about what "hunger" means, answer that it refers to the painful physical and emotional sensation caused by recurrent and involuntary food shortages.

Age cutoff
Questions 3 and 4 are applied only to households with at least one person under 18 years old. When the household is composed only by the head and his spouse and they are under 18 years old, register their information only in questions 1 and 2.

[Figures are omitted]

Before asking the last two questions of this section, read the introductory text: "Now I am going to ask you the same information regarding the persons under 18 years old that live in this house.

3. Eating habits of people younger than 18 years old and 4. Food intake of people younger than 18 years old
These questions identify households with people under 18 years old who have trouble meeting their nutritional needs for lack of money. Read the questions, mention their options, listen to the answer and circle the corresponding code for each one.

To obtain useful information, it is very important that the answers refer to:

When the informant has doubts about "food variety", take into account that it refers to the availability of diverse food, calories, and nutrients in order to satisfy the needs of a balanced diet; i.e., they provide the nutrients required for daily energy use (proteins, fats, and carbohydrates); they allow maintenance or achieving the ideal weight and provide vitamins and minerals.

Therefore, "unvaried eating" means that people do not consume various types of food (vegetables, fruits, cereals, and meat). If the respondent asks "what the/she should eat" answer that it is referred to the ideal diet considered by he/she, that is, what does he/she think they should eat in the house.