Lao People's Democratic Republic
Peace independence democracy unity prosperity

Lao population and housing census
The 4th Census in 2015

Guideline for the surveyors

The National Steering Committee for the Lao Population and Housing Census
The Central Lao Population and Housing Census Office (the National Statistic Center)
Vientiane Capital, December 2014

The data is accurate
All questions are comprehensive
All answers are transparent
They are the obligations and responsibility of everybody

[The Lao population and housing census logo is omitted here]

The National steering committee for the Lao population and housing census
The Central Lao Population and Housing Census Office (the National Statistic Center)
Telephone: 021-214740, 242022

Preface
The Lao population and housing census in 2015 is the 4th Lao population and housing census organized by the Government of the Lao PDR which will be implemented by the National Statistics Center, the Ministry of Planning and Investment in March 2015. This will be supported by the Government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic; the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the Swiss Agency for Cooperation and Development (SDC), the People's Republic of China, the World Bank (WB), and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). This census will cover every household throughout the country which will consist of all problems relating to the characteristics and housing of the Lao residents, such as original characteristics of all members in the household, disability of household members, education, occupation, birth, death, relocation and characteristic of housing. To ensure the accuracy, comprehensiveness, and completion of the census in accordance with the timeframe, the number of surveyors and inspectors might be up to 26,000 persons. These people will conduct the complete household-by-household census within their responsible area in order to ask questions and write down the answers in the questionnaires.

In this Lao population and housing census, the surveyors will play a significant role to determine if the survey has been achieved or failed. To ensure the surveyors understand the methodology and the technical uniformity; to ease the implementation of their duties, conduct the census on time, and write down the answers accurately; to avoid duplications and omissions; to ensure the information is comprehensive, accurate, and transparent. Therefore, the Central Lao Population and Housing Census Office has provided a "Guideline for the Surveyors", which consists of important contents, such as a definition of the concept, the main principle of the census, an explanation of how to ask questions, how to write down the answers and associated examples. It is very useful and can be used as a manual for a surveyor to conduct the work alone. More importantly, the surveyors have to read and understand the context, purpose, and target of the census and follow all recommendations strictly to make sure the quality and completeness of the census.

I would like to thank you and appreciate all of your contributions, support, and participation in this population and housing census to be completed as planned. Hopefully, the cooperation of all surveyors will be successful, and all information will be kept confidential.

The Central Lao Population and Housing Census Office
[signed]

Table of contents
[The table of contents is omitted here]

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I. Introduction
The Government of the Lao PDR implemented the Lao population and housing census throughout the country 3 times: the first time was conducted in 1985, the second time was conducted in 1995 and the third time was conducted in 2005. The fourth time will be conducted in 2015 in accordance with the Decision of the Prime Minister of the Lao People's Democratic Republic, No. 89/PM, dated 11 September 2013. The fourth Lao Population and Housing Census in 2015 will be implemented at 0:00 o'clock on the 1st of March 2015. The result of this census will provide the required information on demography which will display the population, relocation of populations, livelihood conditions, and the characteristics of the population in provincial, district, and village levels in the Lao PDR.

II. The purpose
The purpose of this fourth population and housing census throughout the country in 2015 is to collect the population and housing data of the Lao PDR to use as baseline data for the socio-economic planning of the Lao PDR. The main targets of the census are as follows:

1) To collect the number of Lao population and foreigners who have been residing in the Lao PDR for more than 6 months, including extension, movements, and housing conditions of the populations every 10 years;

2) To provide the baseline data of the Lao populations on education, health services, housing conditions as the basis of living conditions of each household, movement of populations domestically and internationally;

3) To provide the status of the labor force and occupations of the Lao population;

4) To establish important baseline data for the population's forecast in the future and to be the baseline data for family book registration and population registration;

5) To establish and improve the strong and comprehensive information system of the Lao PDR, and to ensure that the data is up to date and in line with the international and regional data;

6) To be the Terms of Reference for the selection of the surveyors and so on.

III. The scope and overall target of the fourth population and housing census in 2015

1. The scope and target
This census is to count the Lao populations (including Lao people who are working abroad), foreigners, people who have no nationality and foreigners who have been residing in Lao PDR for 6 months or more or those who plan to live in Laos for more than 6 months (the walking-survey is between 1st and 7th of March, 2015) regardless of authorization or non-authorization to stay.

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The persons who will or will not be counted in the census are as follows:
[A table is omitted below]

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2. The responsibilities
This survey consists of 4 main parts for counting. The surveyors must divide their responsibilities clearly, especially for surveying at high-ranking authorities' households and special households, which will have responsibilities of each sector as follows:

1) The Ministry of National Defense is responsible for counting as follows:

- Leaders and soldiers who belong to the Ministry of National Defense and are living on campus, including their family members who have not registered in any village and living on the campus regularly;
- Disabled and sick persons who have not been released from the Ministry of National Defense, Ministry of Public Security regardless of treatment in a hospital or campus;
- Prisoners in jails;
- Family of high-ranking officials who is living in their houses.

High-ranking officials' households include: General Officers, the Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP), and higher authorities by having security guard from the military in place (in accordance with the account book of the high-ranking officials that the Ministry of National Defense records).

2) The Ministry of Public Security is responsible for counting as follows:

- Leaders and Police Generals who belong to the Ministry of Public Security and living on campus or including their family members who have not registered in any village and living on the campus regularly;
- Family members of high-ranking officials at the central and provincial levels;
- Disabled and sick persons who have not been released from the Ministry of Public Security, regardless of treatment in a hospital or campus;
- Prisoners in jails, quarantine, or treatment centers.

High-ranking officials' households include: General Officers, Ministers, Vice Ministers, Provincial Governors, Vice Provincial Governors, the Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP), and higher authorities having security guards from the public security in place (in accordance with the account book of the high-ranking officials that the Ministry of Public Security records).

3) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is responsible for counting as follows:

- Populations in the embassy and consulate of the Lao PDR based abroad, including the workforce of the Ministry of National Defense and the Ministry of Public Security who are working abroad;
- Agencies belong to the Lao Embassy abroad;
-Pupils, students, and researchers who have been studying abroad and funded by the Government, Lao people who have been operating businesses, and working officially abroad for more than 6 months.

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Remarks: pupils, students, and researchers who are studying using their own funds, including convicts and prisoners who have been registered in an embassy will be counted in households in the Lao PDR (shall not be counted at any Embassy).

4) The National Statistics Center has the responsibilities below:
General households, international organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), international experts who are working for the Lao Government, and those who are working on projects in the Lao PDR for more than 6 months.

Remarks: For the households and locations of the special households where the Ministry of National Defense, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs are responsible for counting, the Central Lao Population and Housing Census Office will inform the surveyors before the beginning of the census. This is to ensure that the records are not duplicated, or the high-ranking officials and special households are not missed.

IV. Principle of counting for the census
The principle of counting for this census is referred to as "dejure". Counting for this census is based on an individual household and in-person interview, by directly talking to the head of household or household member who can provide information about the members and status of the household. The count consists of 3 categories:

1. Counting of the household members who are regularly present
The people who are regularly present means the people who regularly stay in the household for more than 6 months before 1st March, 2015. The people who regularly stay are the household members who have been joining meals in a household in accordance with the definition of the household, regardless of the relationship with the household member. The identification of people who stay regularly in the household is done using the following principles:

1.1 The person who has been regularly staying until the date of the census includes:

- The person who has been continuously living in the household until the date of the census for more than 6 months, regardless if his/her name is registered in the family book or not;
- The person who plans to move into another household permanently, but during the time of the census that person has not moved out yet, even though that person has or has not relocated yet. That person is still considered a member of this household.

1.2 The person who has moved to the household for less than 6 months but has the intent to live permanently in the household, this person is considered as the household's member as detailed below:

- The persons who moved into the household officially;
- The persons who moved into the household without any official documentation, but those persons have a clear intention that they will move to this household permanently for any reason, including pupils, students, friends, relatives, and labors who have the intent to live in the household for a long term, even though they will return home by the end of the week.

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1.3 The persons who have been living in the household regularly but may not be present temporarily during the survey including:

- The persons who have been living in the household regularly, but during the interview, they cannot present because they are temporarily working at some place inside or outside the country, no matter if the work is private or public and it must be no more than 6 months. No matter what reason or purpose, these people are considered members of the household;
- The persons who had moved out of the household for 6 months or less without telling any member of the household, and nobody knows where he is. During the survey, this person is still recorded as a member of this household;
- Special circumstance: For those who have been working and studying abroad using their own funding for no more than 10 years. During this time, they have still been communicating with relatives who are living in the Lao PDR (in accordance with the Law on Lao Nationality, Article 20: Moving abroad will be recorded as a member of this household.

2. Record of persons with irregular housing
Persons with Irregular Housing are those who move to several places very often. Those persons or groups of persons will be recorded as a household within the survey area where they are staying during the survey period.

Example: Labor for construction work, i.e., road-bridge constructions or electrical installation, etc. who have left the household for more than 6 months. They do not have permanent housing and have moved to several workplaces all the time.

3. Record of homeless persons
Homeless persons are persons who have no house, move around without a reason, and sleep in public places. These persons need to be recorded at the location where you see them.

V. Appointment for the census
The appointment for the census throughout the country starts from 0:00 o'clock on the 1st of March, 2015. The survey will be implemented for 7 days from 1st to 7th of March, 2015. This schedule will be used for the record of this census.

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To determine who will be counted and not be counted in this survey, he/she must match the following criteria:

1) Children born before 00:00 on 01/03/2015 and still alive at the time of the survey will be counted in this survey. Children born after 00:00 on 01/03/2015 will not be counted as members of the household and will not be included in this survey;

2) People deceased after 00:00 o'clock on 01/03/2015 will be counted as members of the household and will be counted in this survey. People deceased before 00:00 o'clock on 01/03/2015 are not included in the list of household members and will not be included in this survey.

VI. The role of the surveyors
The success of the survey and the quality of the data depend on the surveyors. Therefore, the surveyors must have a clear understanding of the definitions, methods of recording, and their own duties at each stage. In order to get good cooperation from the interviewees, the surveyor should establish a good relationship with the household using the following methods:

- Propose the objectives and goals of the interview to the households;
- Try to use language that is easy to understand to communicate with the interviewees. If an interviewee does not understand, the surveyor must request the village authority to provide an interpreter;
- Create a good impression when meeting for the first time;
- The interviewees must always be approached in a good way;
- It must be emphasized that the interviewees will keep their answers confidential;
- Please answer the interviewee's questions in a straightforward manner;
- During the interview, avoid having other people who are not members of the household present.

In addition, surveyors must understand and know their duties at each stage as detailed below:

1. The duties before starting the survey

1) Building a relationship with the interviewees.

2) Preparing the necessary documents and equipment to complete the survey such as:

- Notices, agreements, and household list;
- The questionnaire;
- The guidebook for surveyors;
- Writing tools: (pencil, ruler, white eraser for correcting wrong words, and the notebooks distributed by the Central Survey Office only;
- Identity Card for surveyors;
- Handbag for keeping documents.

[p.7]

3) Introduce yourself and the purpose of the survey to the local authority;

4) Work with the head of the village and the committee responsible for the survey in the village to recheck the household's accounts and define the survey area clearly.

5) Make an appointment with the households in the survey area that you are responsible for, and make a clear plan to meet and interview the leaders of the households to ensure that the survey is completed on time. In case the household is not present at the time of the meeting, the surveyor should plan and reschedule the interview.

2. Tasks during the survey period
During the interview, the surveyor must be neutral. Do not guess the answer and do not make the interviewee feel that he/she is giving the right or wrong answer from your facial expression or tone of voice and do not suggest the answer to the interviewee or show signs of agreement or disagreement with the interviewee's answer. Do not rush the interview to ensure all questions are asked and answered completely, accurately, and clearly.

During the survey, the surveyor must perform the following duties:

1) Ask all questions step-by-step starting from the information on the cover page until the last question and write down all the answers completely, correctly, and clearly;

2) Cross-check the answers correctly and match the questions before entering them into the questionnaire;

3) Review each questionnaire to ensure completeness, accuracy, and consistency between questions before going to the next household for interviewing;

4) Ensure that you have interviewed every household in your survey area. But be aware that there may be a household you need to interview that is not in your account:

5) Make a note of the household you visited during the interview, where no one was at home or no one could respond. Then, reschedule the appointment for the next day;

6) After completing the household's interview, you must put a tick ([check mark]) in the household list for the survey area;

7) After completing the interview, the survey sticker must be affixed to the top of the house's door or wall where it can be easily noticed;

8) Record the events that you found during the survey.

3. Duties after surveys
Duties after surveys include:

1) Review all questions on each sheet of the questionnaire to ensure accuracy and completeness:

2) Check the number of the questionnaire sheet and the number of questionnaire books to ensure the examiner correctly received them. Return all of those documents to the examiner which includes used questionnaires, unused questionnaires, and erroneous questionnaires;

[p.8]

3) The surveyors in conjunction with the village committee must check the completeness of the documents; sign and seal the village head as well as hand over the questionnaires to the examiner after completing the survey;

4) Write a report in regard to the problems and conditions for the examiner to review as defined.

VII. Definitions of the 2015 Lao population and housing census

1) Foreigners: Refers to a person holding another nationality entering into the Lao PDR to perform/work for a certain duty within a certain period of time and then returning.

2) Aliens: It refers to a person who holds another nationality but has come to live, settle, and reside in Lao PDR permanently. In addition, he/she holds an alien card, and the government of the alien still officially acknowledges that person. A person who is not under the administration of a foreign embassy or consulate in Laos, and refers to a foreigner who is registered by the Ministry of Public Security and has been issued an alien card.

3) Stateless persons: Person, who lives in Lao, and is not a citizen of Lao and cannot verify that he/she has any nationality.

4) Household: Refers to a household with individuals or groups of people who stay and carry out daily household activities together on a regular basis. A household usually includes: a husband, wife, children, parents, children-in-law, grandchildren, relatives, and other non-relatives. There are two types of households: individual households and collective households. The definition is as follows:

Individual households

: It is a household with one person or many people who live in the whole or any part of the house to eat, carry out daily activities and use household items together on a regular basis.

- Individual households include 2 types: single households and households with many people.
- Single household: is a household with only one person in the house or any part of the house, completely independent in terms of living on his own and not depending on others even if he has or does not have his own family book.
- Household with many people: is a household with a group of two or more people living in all or any part of the house, eating together and carrying out daily household activities together on a regular basis and using household necessities together. Household members include persons related to each other: husband, wife, children, parents, children-in-law, grandchildren, cousins, and other non-relatives who live together in the household regardless of whether or not they have a joint family book.

[p.9]

The collective household

: It is a household with a group of people living in a house or building together that is under the management of any organization such as a staff dormitory, student dormitory, worker dormitory, temple, church, etc.

Note:
- If there is an individual household living inside a building of an organization, that individual household must be considered and recorded as the individual household, even if the household members are living inside that building.
- Special case: Primary and secondary school students who build huts in a school area will be counted as a collective household and if they build a hut outside the school area, they will be counted as an individual household.

5) Live birth: Refers to a newborn baby that shows signs of life: heartbeat or pulse, crying, organs or muscles moving even if these signs occur for a few minutes and then the child dies, it is considered to be born alive.

VIII. Guideline for recording and correcting errors

1. Guideline for recording
There are 3 ways to write answers on the questionnaire: highlighting in black, writing numbers and writing answers in the box, and making sure the highlight does not go beyond the box as defined in the question paper as follows:

[Information regarding the guidelines and associated figures are omitted below.]

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2. Guideline to correct the error
If you have written down wrong answers or the interviewee changed the answer, you should take the only white correction tape that was designated and distributed by the Central Population and Housing Census Office. Erase the wrong answer and write the correct answer on it. The error correction includes the following:

- If there were some mistakes, such as wrong number, typo, or wrong highlight on the box, you have to use the white correction tape to remove the wrong answer and then write the correct answer instead.

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[Information regarding the guidelines and associated figures are omitted here.]

[p.12]
[Information regarding the guidelines and associated figures are omitted here.]

IX. The structure of the questionnaire and how to enter information in the questionnaire

1. The structure of the questionnaire
One questionnaire contains 37 pages. One sheet can accommodate the information of 10 people. Each questionnaire has a code marked on the cover. This code will help in tracking the questionnaire throughout the survey period. Surveyors must write information on the cover of the questionnaire before carrying out the survey of each household, such as identity information, name of the province, district, village, location of the village, and other information specified on the cover of the questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 10 sections as follows:

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Part A: Identity information
Part B: Information of all household members
Part C: Information for persons aged 6 years old and older
Part D: Information for persons aged 10 years old and older
Part E: Information for women aged 15-49 (to ask women directly)
Part F: Deaths in the household
Part G: Moving-in in the past 12 months
Part H: Moving-out in the past 12 months
Part I: Household characteristics
Part J: Total number of household members

2. The recording process
Before conducting the actual interview, the surveyor must perform the duties before starting the survey, and the duties during the survey accurately and completely. The actual interview is conducted according to the following steps:

1) Starting from registration of the unique information on the cover page of the questionnaire based on the household list for the survey area distributed by the Population and Housing Census Office;

2) Writing down information about the infrastructure of the village on the cover page of the questionnaire by asking the village authorities in the survey area that they are responsible for;

3) Writing down the unique information in part A, and making sure that it is in line with the unique information on the cover page of the questionnaire, including the code of the province, district, village, number of the survey area, and the type of village. The household type must also be in line with the identified household list for the survey area;

4) Determining who will be a member of the household. Completely list down all names and surnames of everyone in the family book who live in the household at the time of the survey appointment and put them in the record book distributed by the Population and Housing Census Office based on the definition of the regular residents. This is to determine who will be a member of the household and in line with the survey's target. After identifying the household members, write down the names and surnames of the household members on the questionnaire (Question Q2) correctly and completely, starting from the head of the household and the next person until the last person (according to the arrangement of the household members as defined in Question Q2, pages 18-19 of this guideline);

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5) Asking for information about all household members from the head of the household or those who can provide information about the household members, and writing down the answers correctly according to the interviewee's answers to each of the following questions:

- The principle of the interview is to start interviewing each person named in question Q2 completely and correctly. The questions Q3 to Q26 should start from listing the head of the household, and other members in order until the last person;
- After completing the interview in questions Q3 to Q26, continue to interview questions Q27 to Q63 from the relevant person or the head of the household or the person who can provide information about those questions.

6) After completing the interview with each household, summarize the general situation of the household in the note section of the questionnaire that is used to interview the household. Then, the surveyor should sign his name and the date of the interview "the Surveyor, Date" in the box (on the right side of the note section).

7) After completing the interview in each household, summarize the total number of people in each household in the questionnaire, and write the total number of people in Part J (Questions (Q61 to Q63) on the cover of the questionnaire:

8) Summarizing and writing down various circumstances that occurred during the survey in the comment section on the cover page of the questionnaire;

9) Reviewing the correctness and completeness of each answer for every household;

10) Bringing the questionnaire to the head of the village to sign and seal to confirm the completion of the interview, and the survey in the area that he/she is responsible for.

3. Guideline to enter information on the cover page of the questionnaire

3.1. Unique information
The unique information refers to the information about the location of the survey area where the surveyor interviewed and based on the household list for the survey area, which must be written in numbers. The details are as follows:

[p.15]

1) Province code, district code, and village code
Before starting the interview, write the name and codes of the province, district, and village correctly as defined in the household list for the survey area assigned by the Population and Housing Census Office. The province code is two digits starting from 01 to 18. The district code is two digits starting from 01 to 15. The village code is three digits as defined in the household list for the survey area.

2) Survey area code
Refers to the number of the survey area that a surveyor is responsible for, and write the number of the survey area that he/she is responsible for. The survey area code is defined in the household list for the survey area. For example: the first survey area is written 01, if the second survey area is written 02...

3) Questionnaire book serial number
It is the serial number of the questionnaire book used in one survey area. If the survey area used only one book, write 01 on it. If the survey area used more than one book, write the titles "01, 02, 03" and so on.

4) The code of the questionnaire book (barcode)
It is the serial number of the book printed on the cover and back of the questionnaire book. It is used to manage the distribution of the questionnaire in each survey area. This code number is a unique unit number for management -- it is used to check the questionnaire book, which cannot be extracted or changed.

3.2. Information about the infrastructure of the village

1) Village in the municipality of the district/province: is the village located in the municipality of the district or province as determined by the administrative authority of the district or province.

2) Households using tap water: refers to households that use tap water certified by the Nampa Lao State Enterprise.

3) Households that use electricity: refers to households that only use electricity from the state electricity network.

4) The road to the village: refers to all types of roads that can be used by cars throughout the year, or any road that is within approximately 100 meters of the village.

5) Villages with markets: refers to a permanent market with management systems, and regular trading throughout the day. The village with a permanent market is considered to be the main village. Villages that share a market with other villages where the market is not located within the village boundaries are considered villages without markets.

6) A village with a health center/hospital: means a village with a health center/hospital located within the village that can provide services to the public regularly.

7) Village with complete primary school: means a village with a complete primary school located within the village with all grades, from 1 to 5.

8) Village with incomplete primary school: refers to the village with an incomplete primary school located within the village where not all grades are complete. It may have only Grades 1 to Grade 3 or Grades 1 to Grade 4.

[p.16]

9) Urban village: refers to a village that fulfills 3 out of 5 criteria or more and is acknowledged to be an urban village. These criteria include the following:

- The village is located in the municipality of the city/province;
- 70% of all households in the village have tap water;
- 70% of all households in the village have electricity;
- A village with an accessible road and vehicles can travel all year round;
- A village with a market.

10) Rural village with an access road: It means a village that does not meet 3 out of 5 criteria but has an access road to the village that can be used by cars all year round or there is a road within 100 meters from the village. This is considered a village with an access road.

11) Rural villages without access roads: refers to villages that do not meet 3 of the 5 criteria and do not have access roads to villages.

3.3 Number of population
Summary of the number of citizens (total number of women and men) in the summary table on the cover page of the questionnaire. The information is compiled in section J of the questionnaire of each household once surveyors have completed all household interviews in the survey area.

3.4. Comment section
In this comment section, surveyors should write observations and comments about the circumstances of the survey after completing the survey, such as the number of households that are on the list but not interviewed yet and the number of newly moved-in households that are not in the village census.

The section at the bottom left-hand side of the cover page is for the examiners from the district, province, and central to fill up. Surveyors are not allowed to write anything on it.

After the surveyor completes the survey, the village's chief must sign and seal the specific section for signature and seal to confirm the completion of the surveyor's survey.

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[Figures of the enumeration form are omitted here]

4. How to fill up data on the questionnaire
In general, households with fewer than 10 members will use 1 sheet of the questionnaire if there are no mistakes.

In case a household uses more than one sheet of the questionnaire, the answers to the questions from Part E to Part J (Questions 27 to 63) must be written on the last sheet of the questionnaire for that household.

4.1. Part A: Identity Information
Recording the identity information in part A is taken from the household list of the survey area which the Central Population and Housing Census Office distributes to the surveyors.

Identity information refers to information about the location of the household that the surveyor interviewed. It should be written in numbers including the code of the province, city, village, survey area number, building number, household number, household type, village type, and the license number used in this household. The province code, district code, village code, and a serial number of the survey area must be in line with the cover of the questionnaire.

Building number
Write down the building/roof number correctly according to the registration household list for the survey area and write down the number of the building/roof with four-digit code: 0001, 0002 in order until the last building/roof of that village. For villages with multiple survey areas, the surveyor in charge of the 2nd area or the next area must follow the household list for the survey area where the building/roof number may not always start from 0001.

[p.18]

Special case: The building number of homeless people or homeless households should start from 7001, 7002, and so on.

Household number
Write down the household number correctly according to the registration household list for the survey area and write the household number with a four-digit code: 0001, 0002 in order until the last household of that village. For collective households, surveyors should use the household number code issued by the Population and Housing Census Office, starting from 8001, 8002 in order until the last household of that village.

Household type
Based on the household definition, if the household is interviewed as an individual household, then highlight in black on the box with the number 1 "Individual household". If the household interviewed is a collective household, then highlight in black on the box
with the number 2 "Collective household".

Special cases: For embassy personnel or students abroad, they are counted as collective households. For the identification information, write down only the country code.

Sheet number of the household
Refers to the number of questionnaires used for household interviews. If the household uses 1 sheet, put the number 01 on the box "The number of the sheet used in this household" and do not highlight in black on the box in the part that says "If the next sheet is used for this household".

If the household uses 2 sheets, put the number 01 on the 1st sheet and highlight in black on the box on "if the next sheet is used for this household" and put the number 02 on the 2nd sheet. If a household uses more than 2 sheets, the same principle must be followed and in the last sheet of this household, do not highlight in black on the box "if the next sheet is used for this household".

[An example and figures from the enumeration form are omitted here]

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Note: For the identification information, write the same code on all documents used for that household.

4.2 Part B: Use for all households.

Question 2: Names and surnames of household members
The purpose of this question is to collect the name and the total number of persons in the household who are permanently and temporarily absent in the interview in accordance with the definition in Section VI.

Please do not rush during the recording period. Write down the names of the household members in that house completely in order to specify the household members. In writing, the surveyor must rank from the head of the household to the last person. When listing the name of the head of the household and the members of the household, both names and surnames must be written. After the list is finished, you must check by reading the names of the people you have listed to the head of the household and ask him if they are correct and complete. Surveyors must follow the principles of identification of permanent residents as defined in the Definition of Permanent Residents (see page 4).

The head of the household is the person who is recognized by the members of the household. In principle, he has to know the condition of the members of the household and may be responsible for the finance and welfare of the family members.

The list of household members is organized according to the relationship with the head of the household as below:

- Head of household;
- Husband or wife of the head of the household (if there is more than one husband or wife, they should be listed from the first to the last);
- Son or daughter of the head of the household, must be listed in order starting from an unmarried eldest child to the youngest child, the married children followed by their wives or husbands and their children, and then names of the children of the next head of the household are listed:
- Daughter-in-law or son-in-law of the head of the household;
- Grandchildren of the head of the household (child of the son/daughter of the head of the household);
- Parents of the head of the household or father/mother of the husband/wife of the head of the household;
- Relatives of the head of the household;
- Other people who are not relatives.

[p.20]

Note:

- First of all, please ask if this household has a family book or not. If so, ask how many family books exist in this household. Please ask for the family book to review the list of household members;
- Then ask each person or group of people in the same house or several houses whether they have prepared food together or not. This is to determine the household member based on the definition of household and those who are living in the household regularly;
- Write down all the names of the household members on the distributed notebook and check the accuracy and then write it in the questionnaire.

For example: a person who is counted as a household member who is considered to be present on a regular basis

Phonesack's household has 10 people, it is located in Khamkeut District, Bolikhamxay Province. Surveyors interviewed this household on 6 March 2015 and included the following list:

1) Mr. Phonesack, the head of the household whose name is in the family book, but stationed and sleeping in the camp, and every 6 months visiting his family once.
2) Mrs. Sone, the wife of the head of the household.
3) Mr. Keo, the son of Mr. Phonesack and Mrs. Sone. He has been working unofficially in Thailand and has been living there for 8 months. He usually visits home every 2-3 months.
4) Mr. Pan is the son of Mr. Phonesack and Mrs. Sone. He has been studying at the National University of Laos for 2 years. He visits home all the time.
5) Ms. Pook is the daughter of Mr. Phonesack and Mrs. Sone. She is studying in high school in Paksan District. She visits home every Saturday and Sunday.
6) Mr. Chan is the son of Mr. Phonesack and Mrs. Sone. He died on the 27th of February 2015.
7) Ms. Kham is a child of Mr. Phonesack and Mrs. Sone. She is a newborn. She was born on the 2nd of March 2015.
8) Mr. Saeng, a grandson and has been staying in this household for 2 months and he intends to stay there permanently.
9) Mr. Lay, a grandson who is a visitor. He has stayed for 2 months, but he will return to his home in the next 2 months.
10) Mr. Si, the father of the head of the household and died on the 2nd of March 2015.
11) Mr. Noi, who is not a relative, but is a friend of Mr. Phonesack, and has been living in this house for 7 months because he came to work in this city and he has not decided to move back yet. He is from Paksan District and he is still visiting his village.

[p.21]

Based on this information, we can distinguish between the people who are considered and those who are not considered as members of the household as follows:
[A table is omitted below]

4.3. For collective households
In principle, the recording of the corrective households uses the same methodology as the record of the individual household, but the recording of the corrective households should skip question Q3 "Relationship with the head of the household" and Part I "Characteristics of the household".

Note:
1) The number of collective households in a survey area should start from 8001, 8002, and 8003 until the last household;

2) Collective household interviews are to be conducted using the same questionnaires as with individual households;

3) Be aware that there may be individual households living under the same roof or building as the collective household. In this case, the household should be separated into individual households;

[p.22]

For example: In a staff dormitory, the manager of the dormitory has children, wives, or relatives living with him under the same roof or building of the dormitory, but they eat separately. In this case, it is considered an individual household.

4) Interviewing a collective household: First, meet the manager of the dormitory or the head of the collective household to make a list of all members who are living in the household and then start to interview the head and then all other individual members.

Question Q3: Relationship with the head of the household
The relationship with the head of the household means the relationship of all members to the head of the household, such relationships include the following:

1) Head of the household is a person who plays an important role in the household, is respected by the members of the household, is in charge of the well-being, and knows the socio-economic status of the household members. The head of the household may be male or female. Normally, the head of the household will be the main respondent in the survey. If the head of the household is not present or it is not convenient for him to give an interview, a household member who can also provide information about the members and the condition of the household can do so instead, such as: wife, son, daughter, etc.

2) Husband/Wife: refers to the husband/wife of the head of the household.

3) Son/daughter: refers to the child of the head of the household.

4) Son-in-law/daughter-in-law: refers to the husband/wife of the son/daughter of the head of the household.

5) Father/mother of the head of the household, father/mother of the husband/wife: refers to the father/mother of the head of the household and the father/mother of the
husband/wife of the head of the household.

6) Grandchildren: refers to a grandson/granddaughter (head of household's son's or daughter's children ) of the head of household.

7) Relatives: refers to relatives, dependent children of the husband/wife of the head of the household, adopted child, or spouse of the adopted child/dependent child of the head of the household.

8) Non-relatives: refers to non-relatives who live in the household such as maids and helpers.
The surveyor must write down the answers in the box as defined in the questionnaire, accurately according to the answers of the head of the household or the interviewee.

Question Q4: Gender
The purpose of the question is to collect information about the gender of the head of the household and all members of the household.

The surveyor must write down the answers by highlighting in black on the box as defined in the questionnaire, according to the answer code: 1 is male; 2 is female.

[p.23]

Question Q5: Age
The purpose of the question is to collect information about the age of all members of the household. All members must have an answer about their age. The full age of the household members must be as of 0:00 o'clock on the 1st of March 1, 2015.

Record the full age of the interviewee and all household members. The surveyor must record the full age as follows:

If the child is under one year old, write "00"
For those who are over 1 year old, please enter their full age. Full age means the age at the time of the last birthday anniversary.

Note:
- In case of age 99 and above, write the answer as 99 to this question and must write the full age with the name of the said person in the box specified on the second page of the questionnaire used for the said household survey.
- If household members use the Lao calendar (Buddhist year "BE"), please use the comparison table between the Buddhist year and the international year (Christian year "BC").

Example:
1) Mr. A was born on the 2nd of March, 1964 and he was interviewed on the 7th of March, 2015. He shows that he is 51 years old, 11 months, and 29 days. His full age is 51 years old and should write 51 in the two boxes.
2) Mr. B is 103 years old, you must add 99 in two boxes.
[A figure is omitted below]

If there is a member who does not remember their age, the surveyor should try to ask in more detail to find the closest answer, such as compared to the age of the father, mother, brother, sister, younger brother, or friend who studied with them or was born at the same time. Check for important life events from his/her birth and try to find information from official documents such as ID cards, census, vaccination cards, birth certificates, and so on.

[p.24]

If the interviewee remembers the year of birth as a Lao year or Buddhist year, use the comparison table in this handbook to determine the birth year as Lao or Buddhist year, then convert it to an international year and calculate the full age.

Note: Write down the history of how to find the age of family members in a notebook as a reference for the examiner.

Q6: Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the household members: married, never married, divorced or separated, living together, and widowed. The determination of marital status is based on the following:

1) "Never Married": refers to a person who has never been married even once in his/her life;

2) "Married": refers to a person who is married and is living together with their current spouse. If a person has been divorced but has remarried now, record it as "married".

3) "Divorced/separated": divorced means a person who has divorced his/her husband/wife voluntarily and legally and no longer has a relationship as a husband/wife. Separated refers to a married couple who was acknowledged by wedding or non-wedding and no longer live together as husband and wife and "Separated but no divorce certificate yet".

4) "Widow": refers to a person whose husband/wife has died and currently he/she has not remarried yet;

5) "Cohabitation": refers to a couple who lives together without a proper wedding ceremony defined by customs and laws.

The surveyor must write down the answers given by the interviewee and not ask for legal documents about the marital status. If the interviewee answered "single," you have to continue to ask if the single status means he/she has never been married or is single because of the divorce. You will have to highlight in black on the box according to the answer code defined in the questionnaire.

Q7: Nationality
The purpose of the question is to obtain information on the nationality of citizens across the country.

[p.25]

Lao Nationality
It refers to the close political and legal relationship between individuals and the Lao PDR state, which expresses the rights and obligations of Lao citizens to the Lao PDR, the rights and responsibilities of the Lao PDR State to Lao citizens (the Law on Lao Nationality No.05/NA, dated 17 May 2004, article 2: Lao Nationality).

The nationality of a person is to be recorded according to the interviewee's statement as to what nationality he/she is. The nationality code is on the back of the questionnaire. If it is a Lao citizen, highlight in black the boxes of code 1. If not, you must put the country code. Generally, the country code must be 2 digits. For countries that consist of only one code, write 0 on the front. For example, for the United States of America, write 01, according to the country code set on the back of the questionnaire. For those who are not Lao citizens, skip to question 9.

Note: For those who do not know their nationality, enter code 99.

Question Q8: Ethnicity
The purpose of the question is to find out the ethnicity of the household members based on the ethnic code listed on the back of the questionnaire.

Ethnicity refers to a group of people who speaks the same language, have a common historical background, have a common cultural background, and descend from the same ancestors.
Recording the answers, the surveyors should write down the 2-digit ethnic code according to the ethnic code listed on the back of the questionnaire or Appendix 2 based on the answers of the interviewees.

- If the answer does not exist in the ethnic code list, you must put the code "50" in the two boxes.
- If the interviewer does not answer, put the code "51" in the two boxes (including Lao citizens, non-Lao citizens, and foreigners).
- For foreigners who live in Lao PDR and have lost their nationality but cannot identify the ethnic group, enter the code "99" in the two boxes.

[p.26]

Question Q9: Religion
The purpose of this question is to gather information on religion to identify the distribution of Lao citizens' religious beliefs, religions include the following:

- "Buddhism" refers to all sects of Buddhism;
- "Jesus/Christ" refers to the religion of Jesus/Christ (Christians) whether Catholic or Protestant;
- "Baha'i" refers to all sects of the Baha'i religion;
- "Islam" refers to all sects of Islam religion;
- "Others" refers to the other religions that are not mentioned above;
- "Does not believe in a religion/believes in ghosts/ancestors" refers to a person who does not believe in any religion, but believes in ghosts, various traditional practices, or worshiping the ancestors of the clan.
The surveyor must write down the answer according to the interviewee's answer and highlight it in black on the box of the religious code as specified in the questionnaire.

Question Q10: Place of birth
This question is aimed at collecting information about the migration of citizens from birth to the present.

Place of birth means the place of birth of the head of the household and all household members, which is defined as the district, province, and country where the person was born.

- In writing the answer, if the person was born in the same place as where they currently live, the recorder should highlight in black on the box according to the answer code of code 1.
- In case the person was born in a district different from the current district of residence, please write the code of the province and district where he/she was born on the box of code 2.
- In case of birth abroad, please write the country code on the box of code 3.

Questions Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14, Q15, Q16: Do you have the following difficulties?
The purpose of the question is to know the difficulties in seeing, hearing, walking or moving, remembering or concentrating, self-caring, speaking, and communicating in the daily life of the household members (except in the case of injury that prevents movement from time to time).

The data collection is divided according to categories of disabilities as follows:

Q11: Visual disabilities:
Refers to people with abnormalities or difficulty seeing, even if they wear glasses, they still cannot see clearly, such as those who are blind in one or both eyes or people with blurred vision (people with abnormal vision). These people will need to use special equipment, such as wearing glasses regularly (excluding people who temporarily wear glasses for reading).

[p.27]

Q12: Hearing disabilities:
Refers to people who have a disorder or difficulty of hearing due to hearing loss or deafness. These people must use special devices such as hearing aids (cannot hear properly or must use sign language.

Q13: Difficulties in walking or movement:
Refers to people who cannot walk or have difficulties walking/moving from one place to another.

Q14: Difficulties in remembering or concentrating:
Refers to people with mental and intellectual disabilities in remembering or concentrating to work for a long period of time, which is an obstacle in their daily life and living with others in society.

Q15: Difficulty in self-care
Refers to a person who cannot or has difficulty in cleaning their body or dressing, such as people who are crippled, partially paralyzed, or wholly paralyzed.

Q16: Difficulty in speaking or communicating (A mute or deaf person ):
Refers to people who cannot speak aloud or have speech disorders that cause problems in communicating with others or those who have disorders of the vocal organs that make them unable to communicate comprehensibly.
The answer codes for Q11 to Q16 are as follows:

1) No difficulty in seeing;
2) A little difficulty;
3) High difficulty;
4) Unable.

For example: Mr. A has the following difficulties:

- No difficulty in seeing;
- A little difficulty in hearing;
- Highly difficult in walking or moving, the cause is due to a car accident;
- No difficulty in memorizing or meditating;
- No difficulty in self-care;
- No difficulty in speaking or communicating.

[A table is omitted below]

[p.28]

Question Q17: The main cause of the disabilities
The purpose of this question is to gather information about the main causes of difficulties in the physical movement of household members.

The main cause of the disabilities: identified in this questionnaire include:

1) Congenital causes (congenital): refers to a person who is born with difficulty or disability by birth.

2) Caused by war: refers to difficulty or disability caused by the effects of war that cause a person to lose any part of the body or cause any part of the body to be dysfunctional or abnormal.

3) Caused by accident: refers to difficulty or disability caused by various accidents in many cases, such as accidents on land, water, accidents from physical work, playing sports, physical harm, electric shock, fire, hot water, or other causes.

4) Caused by Unexploded Ordnance: refers to difficulty or disability caused by explosives, massive bullets, and explosives left over from war causing the loss of any part of the body or making the operation of any part of the body difficult or abnormal.

5) The cause of the disease: refers to difficulty or disability caused by various diseases that affect people's health, making the operation of any part of the body difficult or not normal.

6) Other causes: refers to difficulty or disability caused by other causes not specified above, such as food poisoning symptoms, drug addiction, and others that make the operation of any part of the body difficult or abnormal.

The surveyor must write down the answers given by the interviewee and highlight in black the box of the causes code that causes difficulty or disability as specified in the questionnaire.

Note: If there are several disabilities, the surveyor is advised to ask the interviewee more about which disability causes the most difficulty (in questions 11-16) and then ask the reason for such difficulty.

[p.29]

4.4 Section C: For individuals 6 years old and above
Section "C" is an educational question that must be asked to everyone who is 6 years old and above. Children under the age of 6 are not required to answer the questions in section "C", the interviewee can stop interviewing that child and continue with other household members.

Question Q18: Can you read and write Lao or other languages?
The purpose of this question is to gather data to calculate the literacy rate of all Lao citizens aged 6 years and above.

Lao language: refers to the official language of the Lao PDR

Other languages: refers to foreign languages such as English, Thai, Chinese, Vietnamese, and other languages but include the language of ethnic groups in Lao PDR.

Cannot speak any language: means not being able to read or write Lao or other languages.
The question is focused on the ability to read and write the Lao language correctly according to Lao grammar, if a person can read but cannot write or can write but cannot read, it is considered that he/she cannot read and write the Lao language. If the interviewee answered that he/she can't read the Lao language, ask if he/she can write another language (foreign language). To get a complete answer from each person (in this question only one answer can be provided).
Noting down the answers, the surveyor should highlight in black the box according to the answer given by the interviewee.

Example: Answering questions Q18 is done as follows:
1) If the interviewee can read and write his language.
2) If the interviewee can read and write another language (foreign language).
3) If the interviewee cannot read and write any language.

[A figure is omitted here]

Question Q19: Have you ever attended school?
The purpose of this question is to know about the school attendance of the household members.
Attending school

It means attending public or private educational institutions both domestically and abroad. This question is specifically for those who have entered school, are studying, or have already left school as follows:

[p.30]

1) "Never" refers to a person who has never attended school to learn any subjects even once in their life.

2) "Studying" refers to a person who is studying in a school or educational institution, including a person who is temporarily absent from school or in the middle of a study break.

3) "Used to attend, but already quit" refers to a person who used to attend a school but has already stopped learning in school and does not attend school anymore.

Noting down the answers, the surveyor should highlight in black the boxes according to the answer given by the interviewee.

Example: Answering questions for Q19 is done as follows:
1) If the interviewee never attended school.
2) If the interviewee is studying.
3) If the interviewee used to attend school but has already left school.

[A figure is omitted here]

Question Q20: What is the highest level of education you have completed?
The purpose of this question is to find out about the highest level of education of the household members.

The highest level of education means the highest level of education that the household members have completed according to the official education system. For the answer code, see the back of the questionnaire

[A figure is omitted here]

Example: Mr. A is studying in the 4th grade, he recently finished the 3rd grade, which means his highest education is the 3rd grade (answer code is 13).

Note:

1) A person who completed grade 6 in high school and grade 3 in secondary school before 2010 should record as follows: grade 6 = grade 7 and grade 3 = grade 4.
2) A person who completed grade 6 in primary school or completed primary school before 1975 is registered as grade 5 in primary school.
3) A person who graduated from abroad is comparable to one who graduated in the Lao PDR.
4) A person who has completed public education Bor 1, Bor 2, Bor 3, the educational level shall be recorded as Bor 1 = grade 3, Bor 2 = grade 4, Bor 3 = grade 5.

[p.31]

Comparing the level or qualifications of monks with general education is to be done as follows:

1) Certificates of completion of the monk class and the completion of the common primary level of monks are equal to the complete primary level of education (general education).
2) Completion of primary education and secondary education is equivalent to secondary education (general education).
3) High school diplomas and high school of a monk are equivalent to high school education (general education).
4) The bachelor's degree of monks is equal to the bachelor's degree of ordinary people (general education).
5) The Master's degree of monks is equal to the Master's degree of ordinary people (general education).
6) The doctorate of monks is equal to the doctorate of ordinary people (general education).

Question Q21: What is the field of study of your highest graduation (for answers 41-46 in question Q20)
The purpose of this question is to find out the highest field of study that the household member has graduated from (not the specialization currently being studied), which can be related to the specialization he has graduated from.

The subject with the highest graduation means the subject that has been completed, if one has completed several subjects at the same level, one must choose a subject.

The surveyor must record the interviewee accurately according to the code of the specialized subject as stated on the back of the questionnaire, which must be recorded in the space for writing the answer and has a limit of 2 digits. For details on the subject code, see Appendix 3.

Example: Mr. A graduated with a bachelor's degree in finance accounting. Thus, the answer code is 34, you need to record accordingly as follows:
[A figure is omitted here]

Attention: This question is only used to ask the person with answer code 41-46 in question Q20.

4.5. Section D: For all students aged 10 and above
Section "D" is related to the question about labor and employment, the questions in this section are for people aged 10 and above.

Question Q22: On March 2005, where did you live?
This question is to gather information on the migration of citizens since the previous survey from 2005 to 2015.

[p.32]

- If in March 2005 the household members lived in the same district as the current district, they should highlight in black the box of code 1;
Note: If the house is still located in the old place, but the name of the district or village has been changed due to the division of the authorization area, village consolidation, village separation, or village dissolution, it is considered to be in the old place (no migration).
- If on March 2005, the household member lived abroad, write the country code in the box of code 3 (the country code, it is written on the back of the questionnaire).

Question Q23: The main reason for moving to the current location
This question is to ask about the reasons for migration during the National Populations and Households survey from 2005 to 2015 with answers 2 and 3 in Q22.

The reasons for relocation are as follows:

- Change workplace: Refers to the change of work or office whether for personal or official work.
- Find a job: Refers to moving to another place to find a new job.
- Do business: Refers to the relocation to conduct business elsewhere.
- Education: Refers to moving for studying.
- Marriage: It means moving to start a new family or get married.
- The family moved: Refers to the relocation of a family or household to a new location.
- The house moved: It means moving the house from the old location to a new location due to various reasons
- Others: Refers to the reason for moving that is not related to the reasons mentioned above.

[p.33]

To record the reason for the migration of a member of a household, you must record the answer in accordance with the answer of the interviewee and highlight in black the boxes in accordance with the answer code of the reason for the migration.

Question Q24: What was your main activity in the last 12 months?
The purpose of this question is to collect information about the activities of the household members during the last 12 months. Moreover, it is to calculate the national employment rate, which will be used to determine the labor force, unemployment, and the percentage of citizens who are not in the labor force.

Activities: Refers to the way of life of people in society by doing business or doing other work according to the passion or desire or profession of each individual. The main activities include the following:

1) Government employees or workers for the government: refers to individuals who work under the management of the government and receive a salary or wages or allowances, benefits, and other policies as required by laws and regulations and civil service regulations.

For example: District administration officers, teachers, soldiers, police, doctors, and village chiefs...

2) Private worker: refers to a person who works under the management of a private sector and receives a salary or wages, benefits, and other policies as required by law and labor contracts.

For example: Lane-Xang Garment factory workers, Somboun Trading, shops...

3) Workers for state-owned Enterprises: refers to individuals who work under the management of state-owned enterprises and are compensated with salary or wages, benefits, and other policies as required by law and labor contracts.

For example: employees of Lao Airlines, Electricite Du Laos, Lao Telecom Company, Water supply state Enterprise...

4) Labor user (employer): refers to a person or organization that employs workers to work, the employer pays salary or wages, benefits, and other policies specified in the law and labor contract to the workers.

For example: the owner of a grocery store, a construction store, a beauty salon, a restaurant...

[p.34]

5) Self-employed: refers to those who run their own business for their own use or for profit but do not hire any workers.

For example: farmers, small traders, carpenters, artisans, handcraft...

6) Work for the family (unpaid): refers to the members of the household who help the family's business, agriculture, or activities without receiving any pay or return.

7) Working with international organizations, NGOs, and embassies: refers to those who work with international organizations, NGOs, and embassies.

8) Unemployed (or those who are looking for a job): refers to a person who is unemployed, can work but does not have a job, or is looking for a job.

9) Student: refers to a person who regularly attends a school, public or private educational institution, who must be a full-time or part-time student, and who usually does not contribute to a family earning such as work or as an employee somewhere.

10) Househusband/housewife: refers to a person who does housework in a household and does not do it for any wage and earning.

For example: cleaning the house, cooking, clothes washing...

11) Others: including those who retired, are sick, religious workers, clergy, prisoners, inmates in custody...

To record, you must write the 2-digit answer in the 2 boxes to code the interviewer's answer based on the 2-digit activity code as indicated on the back of the questionnaire.

Note: For volunteers who are not paid, enter the main activity with 2 digits according to their actual activity such as: Volunteers in the public sector should enter code 01;

Attention: If a household member is involved in many activities at the same time, let the surveyor record the activity that takes more time. In case it cannot be identified, let income be the determinant of activity (except for those who do activities 1-4, even if they spend more time than others, mark activities 1-4).

Question Q25: What was your main occupation in the last 12 months?
The purpose of this question is to collect information about the occupation of the interviewee and household members over the past 12 months. This question must be asked to everyone who answered in the code between 1 and 7 for question Q24.

[p.35]

The surveyor must write down the answers according to the interviewee's answers by writing down their main occupation in the last 12 months clearly, accurately, and easily read.

Question Q26: What was the main economic activity in the past 12 months?
The purpose of this question is to collect information on the main job of the household members in the last 12 months based on the 2-digit code of Lao classification of economic sectors list that is indicated on the back of the questionnaire cover to be written in two boxes.

For more details, see Appendix 4.

Example: How to answer questions Q24, Q25, Q26, you should record as shown in the example:

1) Ms. A is a cashier at the National Statistics Bureau
2) Mr. B is a financial officer at a garments factory
3) Mr. C is a driver at the United Nations Organization in Lao PDR.

[A table is omitted here]

Attention:

- For security and national defense forces, they must specify their actual occupations. If yes, enter the code specified by the relevant ministry.
- As a basis for entering the answer code of question 26 correctly. In question 25 about occupation, after knowing the occupation, before determining the economic sector in question 26, you must ask about the person's place of work first. Write the information in the notebook to check the accuracy before writing it in the questionnaire. The book will be a reference for inspectors to verify the correctness of the identification of the economic sector.

[p.36]

[A table is omitted here]

4.6. Section E: For women aged between 15-49 (ask women directly)
The purpose of section E is to collect information on the fertility of women aged between 15-49 years. They will be interviewed about giving live births, age at first birth, and last birth. Surveyors should ask these questions directly to women. In case the target female interviewee is not at home, the surveyor can ask the head of the household instead.

Question Q27: Individual code number from Q1
Firstly, you need to check if the interviewed households have women between 15-49 years old based on questions Q2, Q4, and Q5.

For question Q27, you must write the code number of women in the age group of 15-49 years from Q1 in the two boxes correctly.

In case of errors in sections E and F, put a black mark on the small boxes below the individual code number in question 27.

Question Q28: Have you ever given a live birth?
The purpose of the question is to gather information about the information of giving live births of women aged 15-49 years old in the households interviewed. Giving a live birth shall be based on the definition set forth on page 9 of this handbook.

Writing the answer is recommended to highlight in black on the box of the answer code as answered by the interviewee or household member, if the answer is "never", highlight in black on the box with code 2 and continue to ask the next woman. If the answer is "ever", you will have to highlight in black on the box with the code 1 and continue asking the next question.

[p.37]

Question Q29, Q30, Q31: Number of live births
Refers to the total number of children born including those who are alive and those who have died. Children who are still alive may be staying with their mothers or elsewhere. Adopted children, loved ones, children of fiancées, or cousins born by other people are not counted.

Write the number of live births for each question below:

Q29: How many children are with you now?
Refers to the total number of children who are living with the mother regularly at present.

Q30: How many children are currently living with others?
Refers to the number of children who stay at other places such as living with relatives in other places, in boarding schools, given to other people to take care of, or children who have their own family. Please ask more carefully because the child who lives in another place is not considered a member of the household because the name of the child is not listed in the family book of the household. So, the head of the household may forget to include the name of the child in the family book.

Q31: How many children have died?
Refers to the number of children born alive during a certain period of time and then died.

How to write for verses 29, 30 and 31

You must specify son or daughter as 2 numbers in the two boxes with code 1 for the daughter, and two boxes with code 2 for the son, for example: 00, 01, 02...

Example: Mrs. Sida has 5 children, of which the number of children with her is 1 son and 2 daughters. The number of children who went to other places is 1 daughter and she has 1 son who died. Therefore, it must be written as follows:

[A table is omitted here]

Question Q32: When you gave birth to your first live child, how old were you?
The objective of this question is to know the age of the mother at the birth of her first child.
The surveyor must record the completed age of the woman at the time of the first birth (not counting the age at the beginning of the pregnancy) in the boxes for writing the age. You will need to record for a completed year of age. If they don't remember or don't know, write the code "99".

[p.38]

Example: Mrs. Sida gave birth to her first child when she was 19 years and 11 months old, record the age of 19 years old in the boxes for the answer (shown as the example)

[A table is omitted here]

Question Q33, Q34, Q35: The last-born child
The objective of this question is to obtain information about the last-born child of each woman in the interviewed household which includes the following information:

Q33: Month and year of birth
Month and year of birth of the last born child of the woman in the household. The surveyor must write the 2-digit answer in the two boxes, code 1 is to write the month and the two boxes of code 2 is to write the year of birth in two numbers by writing the last 2 numbers of the year of birth.

Q34: Gender
Gender of the last living child of the woman in the household. You will have to write down the answers by highlighting in black in the box as specified in the questionnaire: 1 for male; 2 for female.

Q35: Is he/she still alive?
Refers to the last born child of the woman in the household, which you must write down the answer by highlighting in black in the box as specified in the questionnaire: 1 for alive; 2 for deceased.

For example: Mrs. Bounhak gave birth to her last child a boy in July 1991 and now the child is still alive. Therefore, you must write down the answer as shown in the example:

[A table is omitted here]

Special case: If there is a woman aged between 15-49 years old in the household who died in the last 12 months and there is a child in the household, then enter the child's birth information in Section E (Questions Q29-Q35). Also, write the incident in the note.

[p.39]

4.7. Section F: Deaths in the household

Question Q36: In the past 12 months, has anyone died?
The purpose of the question is to collect information about the death of household members in the past 12 months.

The recording of the answer must be correct with the interviewee's answer, if someone died, highlight black in the boxes of code 1 "yes" and continue asking the next question. If no one died, highlight black in the boxes of code 2 "No" and move to section G.

Question Q37: Is the deceased female or male?
The purpose of the question is to collect information about the gender of household members who died in the past 12 months, whether they were male or female who died of any cause.

The answer must be according to the interviewee's answer. If the deceased is male, you must put highlight black in the box of code 1, if it is a female, you must highlight black in the box of code 2.

Question Q38: Age at the time of death
The purpose of the questionnaire is to collect information on any household members who may have passed away in the last 12 months.

You must write down the age of the deceased household member in the box for writing the answer in accordance with the interviewee's answer.

Question Q39: Did she die during pregnancy, giving birth, or within 42 days after giving birth?
The purpose of this question is to collect information about the death of women aged 15-49 years related to their fertility, pregnancy, and childbirth.

The death of the mother

It is the death of women in the age range of 15-49 years old who died due to pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days after giving birth, and died due to various diseases during the pregnancy. If during the pregnancy, the woman dies due to other accidents, it is not considered the death of the mother.

When the deceased person is a female, you can enter code 2 in question Q37 and she should be in the range of 15-49 years old in question Q38. If the deceased is a woman between the ages of 15-49 years old, please ask question 39 and if the woman is not in this threshold, please review from the next person through the last person.

The method of recording must be consistent with the interviewer's answer. In case of a woman dying during pregnancy, while giving birth, or within 42 days after giving birth, you should put a highlight in black on the box of code 2 "Yes", if the woman did not die during pregnancy while giving birth, or within 42 days after giving birth, you should put a highlight in black on the box of code 1 "No".

[p.40]

Special case: If all household members died within the past 12 months, the surveyor has to ask the village authority about their names, genders, ages, and causes of death of the deceased household member in the comment boxes on the cover of the questionnaire.
Attention: Remember that the interviewee may be hesitant when talking about death or sad or regretful when the interviewer asks this question in this situation. The surveyor should use more effort and flexibility to ask this question.

For example: In the household interviewed during the past 12 months, there was one death, a 32-year-old female, who died of heart disease while giving birth in the hospital. You must record the following:
[A table is omitted here]

4.8. Section G: Moving in the past 12 months

Question Q40: Is it possible to move in?
The purpose of this question is to find out information about migration into the household during the past 12 months.

Moving in refers to any person who moved in as a household member in the past 12 months in accordance with the definition of permanent residence.

Recording the answers must be precise according to the answers given by the interviewee. In the last 12 months in your household, has someone moved in? If someone has moved in, highlight in black the boxes of code 1 "Yes" and continue asking the next question. If no one has moved in, highlight in black on the box of code 2 "No" and skip to section H.

Question Q41: Individual code number from Q1
The purpose of the question is to record the code of the person who moved into the household in the past 12 months to match the code of the household member in question Q1.

Before recording the person's code in this question, please ask again the household members in question Q1 who moved in during the last 12 months. Write down the code of all the people who moved in (write down the code and name in the notebook given) and then continue asking questions 42 and 43.

After that, write the personal number code of the person who moved into the household interviewed from Q1 in the two boxes. In the event of an error, highlight in black the small box below the individual number in question 41.

[p.41]

In case of an error in sections G and H, it is recommended to highlight in black the box below the personal code number in question 41.

Question Q42: Move from
The purpose of the question is to find out if the household member moved from somewhere else in the country or abroad during the past 12 months.

- If a member of the household relocated within the same district, the surveyor should highlight in black the box of code 1;
- If the household member relocated from one to another district, please write the code of the province and district in the boxes of code 2 (the codes of the province and district are in Appendix 1);
- If a member of the household has moved from abroad, write the country code in the boxes of code 3 (for the country code, see the back of the questionnaire).

Question Q43: The main reason for moving in
The reasons for relocation are as follows:

- "Change workplace" refers to the change of work or office whether for personal or official work.
- "Looking for a job" refers to moving to another place to find a new job.
- "Business" refers to the relocation to conduct business elsewhere.
- "Education" refers to the moving for studying.
- "Marriage" means moving to start a new family or get married.
- "The family moved" refers to the relocation of a family or household to a new location.
- "The house moved" means moving the house from the old location to a new location due to various reasons.
- "Others" refers to the reason for moving that is not related to the reasons mentioned above.

To record the reason for the migration of a member of a household, you must record the answer in accordance with the answer of the interviewee and highlight it in black on the box in accordance with the answer code of the reason for the migration.

[p.42]

For example: In the past 12 months, the household that was interviewed has 1 member (daughter-in-law) whose personal number in section A is 5. She moved within the same district, and the reason for moving was to get married as a daughter-in-law in that house. You must write the following example:

[A table is omitted here]

4.9. Section H: Moving in the last 12 months

Question Q44: Is it possible to move out?
The purpose of this question is to collect information about anyone moving out of the household during the past 12 months.

Moving out refers to a person who was a member of the household and has moved out of the household in the past 12 months.

The surveyor should record the answer according to the answer of the interviewee. in the last 12 months in your household, has anyone moved out? If someone has moved, highlight in black on the box of code 1 "yes" and continue asking the next question. If no one has moved, then highlight in black on the box of code 2 "No".

Question Q45: Gender
The purpose of the question is to identify the gender of a family member who has moved out in the past 12 months.

How to record. If a person who moved out is male, highlight in black on the box of code 1 "Male", if female, highlight in black on the box of code 2 "Female".

Question Q46: Age
The purpose of the question is to collect information on the age of the household members when they moved out of the household in the past 12 months.
The method of the record is to write the age of the household member who moved by writing the number on the three boxes.

[p.43]

Question Q47: Move out
The purpose of the question is to find out if the household member moved out within the country or abroad during the past 12 months.

- If a member of the household has moved out to a different household in the same district where he is currently living, the surveyor should highlight in black the box of code 1;
- If the household member has moved to another district, write the code of the province and district in the boxes of code 2 (for the code of the province and district in Appendix 1);
- If a member of the household has moved abroad, write the country code on the two boxes of code 3 (for the country code, see the back of the questionnaire).

Question Q48: The main reason for moving out
The reasons for relocation are as follows:

- "Change workplace" refers to the change of work or office whether for personal or official work.
- "Find a job" refers to moving to another place to find a new job.
- "Do a business" refers to the relocation to conduct business elsewhere.
- "Education" refers to the moving for studying.
- "Marriage" means moving to start a new family or get married.
- "The family moved" refers to the relocation of a family or household to a new location.
- "The house moved" means moving the house from the old location to a new location due to various reasons.
- "Others" refers to the reason for moving that is not related to the reasons mentioned above.

1. "Owner" refers to a member of the household who owns the house (has a certificate of ownership or is applying for the certificate of ownership).

2. "Tenant" refers to a household member who rents the whole or some part of the house.

3. "Relative's or other person's house to stay at no cost" refers to a household member who is not the owner of the house.

4. "House of an employer or the government to stay at no cost" refers to a member of the household who is living in the house of an employer, organization, or the government at no cost as part of the salary. If a member of the household leaves work, they must also leave the house.

5. "Others" refers to other rights in the house which are not mentioned above.

To record, please highlight in black on the box the rights on the house or residential area in accordance with the answers of the interviewees.

Question Q50, Q51, Q52: What construction materials were used to build the current house?
The purpose is to collect information on the type of construction materials used to build the household:

Q50: Roof made of: tiles/CPAC/cement, zinc, wood, tree bark, grass, etc.

Q51: Walls made of: brick/cement, wood, tree bark/plywood, etc.

Q52: Floors made of: tile/marble, cement, wood, tree bark, etc.

The record is based on the answers of the interviewee and the actual observation of the surveyor by highlighting in black the box of the answer code as specified in the questionnaire.

Question Q53: Does this house use electricity?
The purpose of the question is to collect information about the electricity consumption of every household that participated in the survey.

[p.45]

"Electricity" refers to electricity networks distributed by the state-owned electricity company or electricity from all types of generators or all types of batteries.

To record this information, you must highlight in black the box of the answer code as specified in the questionnaire based on the answer of the interviewer.

Question Q54: What is the total area of this house?
The purpose of this question is to figure out the total area of the house that the household is living in, in accordance with the construction permit or the surveyor's actual house size measurement.

The total area of the house is the width multiplied by the length of the house. The principle of calculating the total area of the house is as follows:

1) If the household lives in a single-story house, it can be calculated as a single sum, or the size of each room can be calculated and summed up later.
2) If the household lives in a house with two floors or more, the total area of the house is equal to the sum of the total area of each floor.
3) If the household lives in two or more houses, the total area of the house is equal to the total area of all the houses.
4) If there are many households living together, each household must state only the area where they actually live.

The surveyor must write down the area of the house in 3 digits in the blank space correctly, clearly, and in an easy-to-understand manner, such as: 7 m2=007; 65 m2 = 065.

For example: Buonsong Nanthavong's house has a total living area of 96 m2 with 5 rooms (bedroom, dining room, sitting room, kitchen, and living room). Therefore, the surveyor must write down the answers in the questionnaire as shown in the table below:

[A table is omitted here]

Question Q55: How many rooms does this house include?
The purpose of the question is to collect information about the number of rooms in the house where the household lives, which includes: a bedroom, sitting room, hall, kitchen, working room, office, and dining room. Excluding toilet, bathroom, washing room, and balcony.

[p.46]

To record the answer, you must write down the total number of rooms in 3 digits correctly, clearly, and in an easy-to-understand manner. For example, a house has a total of 5 rooms. You must fill up the number 005 in the space for the answer.

Question Q56: Where does the household's main source of drinking water come from?
The purpose of this question is to collect information about the main drinking water sources of the household. This is to figure out if a such water source is safe for drinking or not. The sources of water used for drinking are as follows:

1) "Tap water" refers to tap water certified by the Lao Water Supply State Enterprise.

2) "Covered Wells/Underground Water" Underground Water refers to water obtained by drilling a deep hole to bring water from underground. A well refers to a large hole excavation to collect water/ Both types are used with rods and covers to prevent the inflow of outside water, and prevent water from flowing out While the cover is used to prevent people, animals, or things from falling down.

3) "Un-covered Wells/Underground water" refers to a well or underground water without rods and covers to prevent the inflow of outside water and prevent water from flowing out, while the cover is used to prevent people, animals, or things from falling down.

4) "River/creek/pond/dam" refers to water obtained from natural or man-made rivers/creeks/ponds/dams.

5) "Spring water/fountain" refers to natural water sources.

6) "Rainwater" refers to the collection and accumulation of water from rain that has flowed off roofs or natural water collection areas that are stored in basins or water storage tanks.

7) "Bottled water/drinking water" refers to the source of water obtained from the purchase of bottles/gallons from all drinking water companies.

8) "Water tank" refers to the water purchased and distributed from a water truck.

9) "Others" refer to water sources other than those mentioned above.

To record the answer, you must write down the interviewee's answer by highlighting it in black on the box of the answer code as defined in the questionnaire.

Attention: In the case the household uses many sources of water for drinking, please select the main source that is used most regularly. If the source of drinking water varies from season to season, please mark the water source according to the season being interviewed.

Question Q57: How far is the house from the source of drinking water?
The purpose of the question is to collect information on the distance between each household and a source of drinking water that is regularly used for drinking.

To record the answer, you must write down according to the interviewer's answer by highlighting in black the box of the answer code in accordance with the answer code specified in the questionnaire.

[p.47]

Question Q58: What type of toilet is used by households?
The purpose of the question is to know about the type of toilets that the interviewed households are using regularly. Types of toilets include:

1) Toilet with water for washing: refers to a toilet that requires washing water from a water tank and the toilet has stagnant water to prevent flies and unpleasant smell.

2) Dry toilet with a concrete floor: refers to a toilet with a hole in the floor to collect feces and a stone or wooden plate for sitting. It is higher than the ground level to prevent water seepage into the hole and the floor is paved with concrete.

3) Dry toilet without concrete floor: refers to a toilet with a hole in the floor to collect feces and a stone or wooden plate for sitting. It is higher than the ground level to prevent water from seeping into the hole, but the floor is not paved with concrete.

4) Un-covered toilet: refers to a toilet to collect feces and other organics such as vegetables, grass, and sawdust... which are stored in special conditions to produce biological fertilizer.

5) Tanked toilet: refers to a toilet with a tank or container or another cabinet to store feces. The feces will be removed from time to time.

6) Hanging toilet: refers to a toilet that was built on the sea, a pond, river, and or surface water where feces falls directly into the water.

7) No toilet: means people use the surrounding forest, canal, and river for defecating.

To record the answer, please write down the interviewee's answer by highlighting it in black on the box of the answer code in accordance with the answer code specified on the questionnaire.

Question Q59: What is the main source of heat that the household uses for cooking?
The purpose of this question is to figure out the main source of energy that the household regularly uses for cooking, the choices are as follows:

1. Electricity;
2. Oil;
3. Firewood;
4. Coal;
5. Charcoal;
6. Saw dust;
7. Gas
8. Others.

To record the answer, please write down the interviewee's answer by highlighting it in black on the box of the answer code in accordance with the answer code specified in the questionnaire.

Question Q60: Does your household have the following properties?
The purpose of this question is to collect information about the ownership of basic assets required to access information on daily life.

[p.48]

To record the answer, the surveyor is required to highlight in black the box of the answer code "Yes" as defined for each property according to the interviewee's answer. If there is none, the surveyor must highlight in black the box of the answer code "No".

Note:

1) Property of the government is not considered property of the household, such as the government's vehicle.
2) For collective households abroad, please ignore question Q60.

For example: A household's properties such as: 1 car, 1 motorcycle, 1 radio, 2 televisions, 3 mobile phones, 1 computer, 1 fan, 2 refrigerators, and 2 plots of land, the surveyor shall record as follows:

[A table is omitted here]

4.11. Section J: Total number of household members
The purpose is to check a total number of people in the household, especially as follows:

Q61: Male refers to the total number of household members who are male.

Q62: Female refers to the total number of household members who are female.

Q63: Total refers to the total number (total number of males plus females) of household members.

To record the answer, you are encouraged to sum up the number of males, females, and the total number in the space provided accurately and clearly, as specified in the table in the questionnaire.

Example: Mr. Chanthi's household members include 6 males and 7 females, for a total of 13 people. The record is as follows.

[A table is omitted here]

[p.49]

X. Review the completed questionnaires

1. Inspection of the surveyor's work
Inspection of the surveyor's work is to review the success and completeness of your questionnaire. This is to avoid returning to that household for reinterview, and to ensure that the information obtained is correct according to the purpose of the 4th Lao Population and Housing Census in 2015 as follows:

1) The unique information written in the space provided in section A of the questionnaire is correct and complete.

2) The number of household members, the relationships with the chief of the household, and their ages are correct and reliable, for instance: children must not be older than their parents;

3) All answers are correct according to the objective of the question;

4) Check whether skipping the questions was done correctly and complied with the guidelines;

5) Check whether the gender of a household member is consistent with the prefix name;

6) Men should not be recorded to have given birth;

7) Whether the questions about education in section C had been asked to everybody who is 6 years old and above;

8) Whether the question about the occupation in section D had been asked to everybody who is 10 years old and above;

9) Whether the code of a woman in section E is in line with section B;

10) Whether the individual code in section F is in line with section B;

11) Whether all women aged 15-49 years old were asked questions in section D;

12) If the dead woman in section E is less than 15 years old, please do not ask about the death of the mother;

13) Whether the number of women, men, and the total number of people in the household have been written in the table of section J, and whether the number of women, men, and the total number of people in the household have been recorded on the covered page or not. Please check whether each section of the questionnaire has a complete answer in the blank space and on the box, or if there is any missing section.

14) The surveyor has to write his/her name and the date of the interview in the space provided at the bottom of the note. By entering the surveyor's name, he/she confirms that the information in the questionnaire is complete, correct, and accurate.

2. Review the completion of the survey
The village's chief will sign and seal to confirm that the survey is completed before the surveyor leaves the survey area that he is responsible for.

Once the survey has been certified, the surveyor has to bring all documents to the district statistics officer or inspection officer who is in charge of inspecting the survey documents. Once all the documents are approved, it is considered that the surveyor has completed the fieldwork.

[Pages 50-57 are appendices containing province and district codes, ethnic codes, and ethnic groups. These pages are not presented in this document.]

[p.58]

Appendix: 3 Field of Study Codes of the Highest Degree of Education Completed
[Codes of the Degree of Education, Faculties, Field of Study]

14 Teacher Training and Education Science:

- Teacher training (kindergarten, primary, elementary, college, sport, arts, teacher training for monks, a teacher in teachers' training school and prepare for children with disability, general teacher and specific teacher training)
- Education Science: curriculum development among professionals and non-professionals (Educational assessment, examination and measurement, educational analysis, and others such as education administration...)

21 Arts

- Arts (Painting, Arts, Sculpture -- Carving/Clay/Metal)
- Performance arts (music, communication art, dancing, singing, gymnastics)
- Visual and audio art (photography, filming, music production, production of radio and television programs, printing and publishing)
- Handmade art

22 Humanities

- Foreign languages and foreign cultures
- Theology (philology of religion, lecture of ethics, history of Buddhism, and others related to religion)
- Interpreter and translate, philology, Comparative literature, history, antiquity study, philosophy, and geology.
- Main language (language or local language and the literature of that language)

31 Social Sciences

- Economics
- History of Economics
- Political Science -- Government Administration
- Sociology
- Population
- Geography
- Social Development, Community -- Rural Development (Social)
- Anthropology (excluding Physical Anthropology), Ethnography
- Futurology
- Psychology
- Studies on peace and conflicts, human rights

[p.59]

32 Journalism and information

- Journalism
- Library Technician and Librarian
- Technical Officer of the Museum and other Storage Facilities
- Document Arrangement Technique
- Photocopy

34 Business and Administration

- Retail (marketing, sale, public relation, real estate)
- Business Management, Business Administration
- Financing (Banking, Insurance, Investment Analysis)
- Accounting (Auditing, Accountant, Accounting Informatics)
- Administration (State Administration, Institutional Administration, Human Resource Administration)
- Secretary and Office Administration (Informatics Office Management)

38 Law

- Politics, Administration
- Lawyer (Majority on contract, testament)
- Law (General, International, Labor, Sea, and other)
- Law
- History of the Law

42 Life Science

- Physical (Botany, Microbiology, Toxicology, Cytology, Zoology, Entomology, Ornithology, Genetics, Biochemistry, Biophysics, and other related sciences (Excludes medical and Veterinary Sciences)

44 Physical science

- Astronomy and Space Science
- Physics
- Chemistry
- Geology
- Geological Physics
- Mineralogy
- Physics Anthropology
- Geography Physics and other Geography Sciences
- Meteorology and other atmospheric sciences

[p.60]

46 Mathematics and Statistics

- Mathematics
- Analysis
- Numerical Analysis
- Mathematical Science
- Statistics and others

48 Computing

- Computer science -- IT - Computer
- Systematic Design
- Computer Programming
- Business Computer
- Geographic Information System (GIS)
- Data Processing
- Network
- Operating System, Software Developing

52 Engineering and engineering trades

- Architecture
- Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics, Factory mechanics
- Metalworking (Welding and Plumbing)
- Electric Engineering -- Electrician
- Electronic
- Post and Telecommunication and Communication
- Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Mechanic
- General Technician
- Survey, Cartography
- Irrigation

54 Manufacturing and processing

- Food and Beverage
- Food Preparation -- Hotel Management
- Handcraft
- Tailor
- Shoe Manufacturing
- Leather Manufacturing
- Material (Carpenter-Furniture, Paper, Plastic, Glass, and others)

[p.61]

58 Architecture and Building

- Architecture and Urban Planning (Structural Architecture, Area Architecture, Community Planning, Drawing Maps)
- Building Science, Construction
- Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering
- Interior Design

62 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery

- Agriculture
- Cultivation and Livestock, Livestock, Cultivation, Cultivation -- Soil Science
- Agriculture
- Rural Development (Forestry)
- General Forestry
- Agricultural Economics and Food Technology
- Management and Allocation of Water Resources and Land Use Planning
- Forest Resources Management
- Gardening and Gardening Design, Natural Park, Wild Animals, Forestry, and Production of Non-Timber Products
- Fishing, Fisheries Science and Technology

64 Veterinary Studies

- Veterinarian
- Veterinary Assistant

72 Health

- Medical (Anatomy, Epidemic Disease, HPV Infection, Physiology, Immunology, Pathology, Anesthesia, Pediatrician, Child Birth and Female Disease, Internal Physician, Surgical, Neurology, Psychology, Radiology, Ophthalmology)
- Astronomy and Space Science
- Nursing
- Dentistry
- Pharmaceutical Sciences

76 Social services

- Social Care (disability care, child care, teenager care, elderly care)
- Social Welfare Work

[p.62]

81 Personal services

- Hotel
- Tourism (Conservative Tourism)
- Sport and Recreation
- Beauty Salon, Beauty Care
- Personal Service (Cleaning, Laundry...)

84 Transport services

- Delivery
- Transport Administration
- Sailing, Navigator
- Marine Science
- Flight Attendant
- Air Traffic Control
- Train Operation
- Vehicle Operation
- Postal Service

85 Environmental protection

- Environment
- Environmental Technology
- Water Resources
- Environmental Management
- Environmental Sciences
- Environmental Development Planning
- Environmental Control and Protection
- Air and Water Pollution Control

86 Security services

- Protection of property and persons (Police Work and Related Law Enforcement, Criminology, Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting, Civil Security)
- Military

[p.63]

Annex 4: Main economic sector codes
[Economic Sector Codes, Description of the Main Economic Sectors]

01 Production of Plants and Livestock, Hunting and related service activities

- Growing crops
- Growing trees
- Advertisement of cultivation methods
- Cultivation and livestock
- Integrated farming
- Supporting agricultural activities during the pre- and post-harvesting period
- Poaching, trapping, and related service activities

02 Forestry and logging

- Forestry conservation and activities related to forests
- Logging
- Collecting non-timber products or products from the forest
- Supporting forestry activity

03 Fishery and Aquaculture

- Fishery
- Aquaculture

05 Hard coal and soft coal mining

- Hard coal mining
- Soft coal mining

06 Oil and natural gas exploration

- Oil exploration
- Natural gas exploration

07 Metal mining

- Iron ore mining
- Non-metal mining

08 Other mining

- Gravel, sand, and clay mining
- Unclassified mining

09 Supporting services for mining activities

- Supporting services for oil and natural gas exploration
- Supporting services for other mining activities

[p.64]

10 Food production

- Processing and storage of meat
- Processing and preservation of fish, shrimp, crab, and shellfish
- Processing and preservation of fruits and vegetables
- Processing oils from plants and animals
- Processing of butter products
- Processing of flour products from plants, production of flour and flour products
- Processing of other food products
- Processing of animal feeds

11 Beverage processing

- Beverage processing

12 Production of tobacco products

- Production of tobacco products

13 Production of textile

- Cotton spinning, textile production, and decoration of finished textile products
- Other textile productions

14 Clothing industry

- Manufacturing of clothing except for wool
- Manufacturing of wool products
- Knitting and sewing clothes

15 Production of leather and related products

- Tanning and dressing of animal skins; manufacture of luggage; baggage and wool coloring
- Making shoes

16 Processing of wood and products from wood and rattan, except for furniture; Production of straw products and materials for crafts

- Sawing and sanding
- Production of timber products, straw, and crafting materials

17 Producing paper and paper products

- Producing paper and paper products

18 Printing, photocopying

- Printing and printing-related services
- Photocopying

19 Invention of coal burning and refined petroleum products

- Invention of coal products with stoves
- Refined petroleum processing

[p.65]

20 Production of chemicals and chemical products

- Production of basic chemicals, fertilizers and nitrogen compounds, plastics, and primary synthetic plastics
- Productions of others chemicals products
- Production of synthetic fibers

21 Production of medicines, chemical products for medicines, and medicinal products extracted from plants

- Production of medicines, chemical products for medicines, and medicinal products extracted from plants

22 Manufacturing rubber and plastic products

- Processing rubber products
- Processing plastic products

23 Production of non-metallic minerals

- Glass processing and glass products
- Processing unclassified non-metallic minerals

24 Basic metal production

- Production of basic iron and steel
- Production of basic value metals and non-ferrous metals
- Melting metal

25 Production of invented metal products, excluding machinery and equipment

- Production of structural metal products, tanks, water storage tanks, and steam producers
- Production of weapons and weapons-related products
- Production of invented metal products and other metal service activities

26 Manufacturing of computers, electronics and visual products

- Production of electronic components
- Manufacturing of computers and external components
- Manufacturing of communicable equipment
- Manufacturing of electronic appliances
- Manufacturing of measurement devices, testing instruments, navigational control devices, compasses, and clocks
- Manufacturing of radiation equipment, electric detectors, and X-Ray equipment
- Manufacturing of optical instruments and accessories
- Manufacturing of players, recorders, and related video and audio equipment

[p.66]

27 Production of electrical equipment

- Production of car motors, generators, transformers, power transmitters, and power controllers
- Production of batteries and electric storage batteries
- Production of electrical transmission lines and transmission equipment
- Production of electrical appliances for lighting
- Production of electrical appliances inside the building
- Production of other electrical appliances

28 Manufacturing of machinery and non-classified equipment

- Manufacturing of general machinery
- Manufacturing of specific machinery

29 Manufacturing of automobiles, trucks, and semi-trailers

- Manufacturing of automobile engines
- Manufacturing of automobile bodies; Manufacturing of trucks and semi-trailers
- Manufacturing of automotive parts and accessories;

30 Manufacturing of other transport equipment;

- Building of ships and boats;
- Manufacturing of locomotives and railway wheels;
- Manufacturing of aircraft, spacecraft, and related machinery;
- Manufacturing of military vehicles;
- Manufacturing of other non-classified transportation equipment

31 Production of furniture

- Production of furniture

32 Others Processing products

- Manufacturing of jewelry and related accessories
- Production of musical instruments
- Manufacturing of sports products
- Manufacturing of game machines and other toys
- Manufacturing and distribution of medicine and dental equipment
- Production of other manufacturing processing industries

33 Reparation and installation of machinery and equipment

- Reparation of finished metal products, machinery, and equipment
- Installation of equipment and industrial machinery

35 Supply of electricity, gas, heating, and air-cooling

- Generating, transmitting, and distributing electricity
- Gas production and distribution through large pipelines
- Supplying heating and cooling (indoor air conditioning)

[p.67]

36 Storage, treatment, and supply of water

- Storage, treatment, and supply of water

37 Sewage drainage

- Sewage drainage

38 Storage, treatment and disposal of waste; Device to facilitate recycling

- Waste storage
- Treatment and disposal of waste
- Recycling of waste

39 Others waste treatment activities and waste management services

- Other waste treatment activities and waste management services

41 Construction of buildings

- Construction of buildings

42 Civil engineering

- Construction of roads and railways
- Other construction projects
- Civil engineering construction projects

43 Specific construction activities

- Demolition and preparation of the construction site
- General specific construction activities such as: installing electricity and water pipes
- Complete building construction
- Other specific construction activities

45 Wholesale and retail and reparation of vehicles and motorcycles

- Selling vehicles
- Vehicle maintenance and repair
- Selling spare parts and automobile accessories.
- Sales, maintenance, and reparation of motorcycles, spare parts, and accessories

46 Wholesale, except automobiles and motorcycles

- Wholesale based on common practice and contract
- Wholesale of agricultural raw materials and live animals
- Wholesale of food, beverages, and tobacco
- Wholesale of household appliances
- Wholesale of machinery, equipment, and accessories
- Others specifics wholesale
- Unspecific wholesale

[p.68]

47 Retailing, except for automobiles and motorcycles

- Retail in general stores
- Retail of food, beverages, and tobacco in specific stores
- Retail of fuel in specific stores
- Retail of information and communicable devices in specific stores
- Retail of household appliances in specific stores
- Retail of cultural products and entertainment instruments in specific stores
- Retail of other products in specific stores
- Retail at stalls and markets
- Retail outside stores, stalls, or markets

49 Land transportation and transportation through pipelines

- Transport by rail
- Other land transports
- Transportation via pipelines

50 Water transportation

- Land and coastal transportation
- River transportation

51 Air transportation

- Air transportation

52 Warehouse and transportation supporting activities

- Storage and warehouses
- Transportation-supporting activities

53 Postal activity and information delivery

- Postal activity
- Information delivery

55 Accommodation services

- Accommodation services in a short period
- Camping services, general vehicle parking, and trailer parking
- Other accommodation services

56 Foods and beverages services

- Restaurants and mobile food services
- Services at general events and food service activities
- Beverage service activities

[p.69]

58 Publishing activities

- Book, magazine, and other publishing services
- Software selling

59 Activities in film, video and television production, sound recording, and distribution of music products

- Activities in film, video, and television production
- Sound recording and distribution of music products

60 Broadcast activities and programs

- Radio broadcasting
- Television broadcasting and rent the program

61 Telecommunications

- Wired telecommunication activity services
- Wireless telecommunication services
- Satellite telecommunication services
- Other telecommunication services

62 Computer programming services, consulting and related service activities

- Computer programming services, consulting, and related service activities

63 Information service activities

- Core activities and activities related to data processing
- Other information service activities

64 Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funds

- Financial intermediaries
- Activities of shareholding companies
- Reserves, funds, and other financial instruments
- Other financial service activities, except insurance and pension funds

65 Insurance, reinsurance, and pension funds, except compulsory social welfare

- Insurance
- Reinsurance
- Pension

66 Other financial activities

- Activities to encourage financial services, except compulsory insurance and pension funds
- Activities to promote insurance and pension funds
- Fund management activities

[p.70]

68 Real estate activities

- Own or leased real estate activities
-Real estate activities according to the regular practice or contract's condition

69 Legal and accounting activities

- Legal activities
- Accounting activities, summarizing and auditing; tax consulting

70 Activities of the supervisory office; management consulting services

- Activities of the supervisory office
- Activities of the management consulting service

71 Architectural and engineering activities; technical inspection and analysis

- Architectural and engineering activities, and related technical consulting
- Technical inspection and analysis

72 Scientific research and development

- Research and simulation on natural sciences and engineering
- Research and simulation on the social sciences and humanities

73 Product advertising and market analysis

- Product advertising
- Market analysis and media opinions

74 Professional activities, science and other techniques

- Specific design activities
- Photography activities
- Professional activities, science, and other techniques that have not been classified.

75 Veterinary activities

- Veterinary activities

77 Leasing activities and lease agreements

- Leasing and leasing contract of automobiles
- Leasing and leasing contract of household and personal appliances
- Leasing and leasing contract of machinery, equipment, and others
- Leasing contract for non-financial asset

[p.71]

78 Labor force recruitment services

- Activities of the recruitment office
- Activities of the temporary recruitment organization
- Preparation and management of human resources

79 Tourism activities, travel agents and other tourism promotion services

- Tourism activities and travel agents
- Tourism promotion services and other related activities

80 Security and investigation

- Private security services
- Security system services
- Investigation services

81 Services activities in buildings and outdoor areas

- Integrated facility services
- Indoor cleaning services
-Outdoor cleaning and maintenance services

82 Management office, supporting and activity office

-Management and supporting office
- Information Centre activities
-Conference and exhibition organization
-Others supporting business activities that have not been classified

84 State administration, national defense and public security for the community

- State administration and social economy of the community
- General provisions on community services
- Public security

85 Education

- Kindergarten and primary education level
- Secondary education
- Diploma
- Other education
- Supporting education services

86 Health care activities

- Hospital activities
- Medical and dental activities
- Healthcare activities in other areas

[p.72]

87 Health care activities at villages

- First aid facilities
- On-site treatment in case of drug addiction, mental disability, and those who have mental health problems
- On-site treatment for elderly and disabled persons
- Medical services in other areas

88 Social welfare services activities for homeless

- Social welfare activities for homeless, elderly, and disabled persons
- Other social welfare activities for the homeless

90 Invention, art and entertainment activities

- Invention, art, and entertainment activities

91 Libraries, documentation, museums and other cultural activities

- Libraries, documentation, museums, and other cultural activities

92 Gambling and betting activities

- Gambling and betting activities

93 Sports, recreational and relaxation activities

- Sport activities
- Other recreational and relaxation activities

94 Activities of the organizations' members

- The activities of the members of the business organization, employer, and expert
- Activities of Trade Unions
- Activities of other organizations

95 Reparations of computers, personal devices and household appliances

- Reparation of computers and communicable devices
- Reparation of personal devices and household appliances

96 Other personal services

- Other personal services

97 Activities of households who are employers

- Activities of households who are employers

98 Activity of goods production and services that cannot be separated from household consumption

- Activity of goods production that cannot be separated from household consumption
- Activity of services that cannot be separated from household consumption

[p.73]

99 Activities of international organizations and embassies

- Activities of international organizations and embassies

[Pages 74-75 are Annex 5 containing a table comparing the Lao year to the international year. These pages are omitted from this document.]

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