28 April, 2002
Enumerators Manual
Central Statistics Office

[p.1]

Chapter 1: Census of population

Introduction
The Census is carried out every five years and counts all the households and persons in the country. The census is the largest statistical operation carried out in the State, involving around 4,000 enumerators. The next census will be taken on 28 April, 2002 (hereafter referred to as Census Day). Each enumerator will be assigned an Enumeration Area (hereafter referred to as EA) [Footnote: Enumeration Areas refers to the area covered by one enumerator. It is defined on enumeration maps using a purple boundary] and will be required to deliver a Census form/s to each household in the EA before Census Day and to collect and check each form for completeness commencing Monday 29 April.

The enumerators manual
This manual provides instructions on how to carry out the enumeration of all persons and households in your EA.
Because of the detail involved, you are advised to read it through once to initially familiarise yourself with the structure, timing and main tasks involved in enumeration. Then, as each phase of the enumeration arises, study the relevant chapter in detail before beginning that phase. Your Field Supervisor will train you thoroughly in all aspects of your duties. When you are doing your enumeration you will find it worthwhile to refer to this manual regularly. As your work proceeds, use your manual to ensure you are carrying out the enumeration accurately and effectively. If you are unsure of any procedure, ask your field supervisor before implementing it.

Role of the enumerator
1. As a census enumerator you are personally responsible for the enumeration of all persons in your EA. Each enumerator is responsible for the
- identification of all households
- delivery of the correct forms to all households
- collection of all forms delivered
- checking of all forms collected
- documenting and summarising the enumeration process in their own EA.
2. This enumeration must be carried out in accordance with the instructions in this manual and any other supplementary instructions/field circulars, which may be issued by the Central Statistics Office (CSO).
3. You must not delegate or sub-contract any enumeration task to any other person.
4. You must ensure that:
- All persons who pass the night of Sunday 28 April, 2002 (hereafter referred to as Census Night) within your EA are included in the Census enumeration; and
- All persons who arrive in your EA on the following morning (i.e. Monday 29 April, 2002), not having been enumerated elsewhere, are also included in the enumeration.

Main tasks and timetable for enumerators
[Figure of a calendar is omitted here]

Wednesday 20 March - Friday 22 March: training

• Introduction to the Census
• Forms and procedures
• How form delivery is to be carried out (role play)

Monday 25 March - Tuesday 26 March: route planning/kick off

• You plan your route with your field supervisor and prepare for the fieldwork.

Wednesday 27 March - Tuesday 23 April (evening):

• Visual enumeration and distribution of forms

Wednesday 24 April - Thursday 25 April:

• Training
• Collection procedures and summarisation

Friday 26 April - Sunday 28 April:

• Visit communal establishments and tie up loose ends

Sunday 28 April: Census Day

Monday 29 April:

• Collect forms from communal establishments and transient populations

Tuesday 30 April - Sunday 26 May:

• Collection
• Checking of completed forms

Monday 27 May - Thursday 30 May:

• Tie-up loose ends
• Summarisation

Friday 31 May:

• All forms and materials returned to field supervisor

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Confidentiality
1. All information obtained by an Enumerator relating to individuals or households in the course of the Census enumeration must be treated as strictly confidential.
2. An Identity Card (ID) attached to a chain is issued to each Enumerator. It must be worn at all times and produced whenever you are introducing yourself to the householder or any other person.
3. On appointment, each Enumerator becomes an Officer of Statistics as defined in the Statistics Act, 1993. The Enumerator is bound by the conditions of this Act. The relevant sections of the Act are 32, 33, 38 and 44.

Statistics Act, 1993
32. All information furnished by a person, undertaking or public authority under this Act shall be used only for statistical compilation and analysis purposes.
33. No information obtained in any way under this Act or the repealed enactments which can be related to an identifiable person or undertaking shall, except with the written consent of that person or undertaking or the personal representative or next-of-kin of a deceased person, be disseminated, shown or communicated to any person or body except as follows:

38. Any person who uses information furnished under this Act or the repealed enactments in contravention of Section 32 of this Act or willfully discloses information relating to any identifiable person or undertaking in contravention of Section 33 of this Act shall be guilty of an offence.
44. A person guilty of an offence under any provision of this Act shall be liable

You must bear in mind the following in relation to confidentiality:
Information relating to any individual should not be passed on to any other person or body. If necessary, the information may be passed on to another Officer of Statistics.
No attempt must be made to obtain information other than that required by the census.
Remarks, even of a casual nature, regarding your enumeration work in one household must not be made to another household.
Any person guilty of an offence under the Statistics Act, 1993 may be liable to a fine of up to 1,200 Euro on summary conviction or up to 25,000 Euro on conviction on indictment.
Two lockable black cases are provided for the safe storage of all census forms and materials.

• Completed returns must be kept in these cases at all times except when you have them in the field or are actually working on them
• Both cases must be kept locked at all times
• You must ensure that nobody, including members of your own household, has access to census materials
• Only you, your field supervisor or an official of the CSO is entitled to see the returns
• You must also ensure that census documents are never left unattended in cars.

Satchels are provided to hold census supplies including forms, maps, completed returns etc. You must carry all the necessary forms and other materials in your satchel during the course of the fieldwork. Satchels should never be used for any other purpose.

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Chapter 2: Census definitions
Before embarking on the delivery of forms, you must understand the concepts of a dwelling and a household. The census collects information about people not only as individuals, but also about their living arrangements, so that they can be grouped into households, even if, as sometimes is the case, a household comprises only one person.
Each household has to be assigned a unique number (D no.), issued with a separate census form and the household address needs to be listed separately in your Enumerator Record Book (hereafter referred to as the ERB).

Definitions of households


Dwelling unit
A dwelling unit is living accommodation which is occupied or, if vacant, is intended for occupation, by one or more households.
Examples include: a family home, a family home on a farm, a separate flat or bed-sit, a caravan, a caretaker's accommodation located in an office building, living accommodation over a shop.
All buildings in your EA should be visited for the purposes of the census. All dwellings or places of habitation whether vacant or not should be listed in the ERB. No other structures or units need be listed.

Private household
A private household comprises either one person living alone or a group of people (not necessarily related) living at the same address with common housekeeping arrangements - that is, sharing at least one meal a day or sharing a living room or sitting room.

Private household example [with one separate household]
- A person living alone.
Note: If the person is absent on Census Night use procedures for absent households (Form E).

- A single parent living together with his/her children. All present on Census Night.
Note: All household members present on census night should be entered on List 1, page 3 of Household Form.

- A husband and wife (or couple) living together with their children, who all share a living room and usually take at least one meal a day together. All present on Census Night.
Note: All household members present on census night should be entered on List 1, page 3 of Household Form.

- A husband and wife (or couple) living together with their children. The household have an Italian student on an exchange programme staying with them on Census Night. Their daughter is in Trentino staying with the Italian student's family on Census Night.
Note: Only household members actually present on Census Night should be listed on List 1, page 3 of Household Form. The Italian student should also be entered on List 1 as she is present in the household on Census Night. The daughter away in Trentino should be entered on List 2, page 3 of Household Form as she is absent from the household on census night.

- A group of students who are unrelated but all share a living room and usually take at least one meal a day together.
Note: All students are included in one Household Form.

- Four nurses who are unrelated. All share a living room, but only three of the nurses usually take at least one meal a day together.
Note: All the nurses are included on the same Household Form.

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[Example of more than one separate private household]

- Six students who are unrelated. The accommodation does not contain a living room. Two of the students usually take at least one meal a day together. The other four eat their meals separately.
[This example is considered as five separate households.] The two students who take one meal together would count as one household. The other four students would count as four separate households.
Note: The two students who take one meal together would count as one household. The other four students would count as four separate households.
Communal Establishments (CEs) - Non-private households
The following are examples of communal establishments or non-private households.
- Hotel
- Boarding house
- Guest house
- Bed and breakfast
- Hostel
- Educational establishment
- Religious community
- Children's home
- Nursing home
- Hospital/nurses' home
- Prison
- Defence establishment (including ships)
- Civilian ships, boats and barges
- Garda station
- Holiday campsite

- Where the entire establishment or institution makes up one single non-private household, a Listing Form/s for that establishment or institution should be filled in by the person in charge (e.g., manager or administrator). An Individual Form should be completed by each person present in the establishment on census night.

- A proprietor, manager, head or any member of staff who resides on the premises with or without his/her family must be regarded as a distinct private household. The household must be assigned a separate D no., receive a separate Household Form and must be listed separately in the ERB.

- Staff of an institution (e.g. hospital) who are working a night-shift on census night and who return to their own homes the following morning should be enumerated at home.

List 1: Who is to be counted as present in a household on Census Night?
- Include every person who spent census night in the household or who arrived the following morning not having been enumerated elsewhere; even visitors who are only staying temporarily in the household.

- Include all persons alive at midnight on Sunday 28 April. Experience indicates that babies and very young children are sometimes omitted by the householder so care should be taken to ensure that all persons, regardless of age, are included.

- Do not include anyone who is temporarily away from home on census night (see list 2, page 3 of Household Form).

- Do not include students who are away from home on the night of Sunday 28 April (see list 2, page 3 of Household Form).

- Do not include babies born after midnight on Sunday 28 April.

Remember, only persons who are actually in the country at mid-night on Sunday 28 April 2002 should be enumerated in the census. Anyone who arrives from outside the country after mid-night should not be counted as being present.

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List 2 - Who should be counted as absent from a household on Census Night?
Persons usually resident in a private household but who are TEMPORARILY AWAY from home on census night should be entered on list 2 on page 3 of the Household Form by the householder. The householder should also complete the questions relating to absent persons at the back of the form in respect of each person listed as absent.

The following persons or classes of persons should be counted as absent persons:

• Household members who usually live at the address but are away from home on Census Night [Footnote: However, persons in the country at mid-night on 28 April and who return to the household on the morning of Monday 29 April, who were not enumerated elsewhere, should be entered on list 1 on page 3 of the Household Form as being present on Census Night]
• Household members who usually live at the address but who are out of the country on Census Night
• Students who are absent on census night and are living away from home during term time.

Absent persons only applies to private households. Persons absent from communal establishments on Census Night are not covered as absent persons in the census. Persons absent from communal establishments should of course be enumerated wherever they spend census night.

Census geography
An EA is the area assigned to each enumerator for the purpose of census enumeration.

Different types of EAs
For Census purposes EAs are divided into three main types:
- Urban EAs: these are mainly built up areas.
- Rural EAs: these are mainly rural in character.
- Mixed urban/rural: these are for the most part rural EAs which include all or part of a small town or village.

County
For census purposes, the country is divided into 34 counties. These include the four administrative counties that make up the old county Dublin (Dublin County Borough, Fingal, South Dublin and Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown), the county boroughs of Cork, Galway, Limerick and Waterford, Tipperary North and South Riding, and the 24 remaining counties. Each county is identified by a unique two digit code (e.g., 01 identifies County Carlow).

Electoral division
The Electoral Division (ED) was previously referred to as District Electoral Division (DED) or as a Ward in the county boroughs. The Electoral Division is the smallest legally defined area in the state and also the smallest area for which detailed census results are published. The boundaries of Electoral Divisions are displayed in RED on maps. Each Electoral Division is uniquely identified within a county using a three digit numeric code (e.g., 009 identifies the ED of Castle B in Limerick County Borough).

Townland
A townland is the smallest territorial division used for census enumeration purposes in rural areas, each townland is identified by a unique 5 digit code. The boundaries of townlands are displayed in BLUE on rural maps. A townland may be split into urban and rural parts. This occurs when an urban area, a town or village, divides a townland into two or more parts. On the form C these are listed separately under the urban and rural parts of the EA/ED and are distinguished by (PT) after the townland name. These parts are identified by the same townland code in all cases.

[p.7]

Street
A street is a group of adjacent buildings (e.g. houses, shops or businesses) having the same location address within a built up area. Each street within a town is uniquely identified by a 5 digit code. In cities and large towns a street may span more than one EA or ED. In such cases the street always uses the same street code.

Cities/towns
For census purposes, towns fall into two types: those with and those without legally defined boundaries.

Towns with legally defined boundaries
These comprise:
- The five county boroughs (Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Waterford and Galway);
- The five municipal boroughs (Clonmel, Drogheda, Kilkenny, Sligo and Wexford);
- The forty-nine urban districts (e.g., Arklow, Athlone); and
- The thirty-two towns under the towns improvement (Ireland) Act, 1854 (e.g., Greystones, Mullingar).

All of the above have legally defined boundaries (marked in green on enumeration maps) which must be strictly observed during the course of the enumeration.

Where built-up areas have extended beyond the legally defined town boundary, the CSO draws up new boundaries defining the suburban areas of county boroughs and the environs of other legal towns for census purposes. This is necessary for the analysis of population clusters.
CSO extensions to legally defined towns are marked in pink on enumeration maps.

Towns without legally defined boundaries, i.e. Census towns
A Census town is defined as a cluster of 50 or more occupied dwellings, not having a legally defined boundary. Census Town boundaries are determined by the CSO for census purposes only. There were 550 Census Towns in 1996. The boundaries of census towns and the environs of legal towns are denoted in pink on the maps.

Geography codes for your EA - Form C
Form C provides you with a summary listing of the names and codes of all streets and/or townlands contained in your EA. In addition, form C contains information on the population and number of households enumerated in each street or townland in the 1996 Census. The area within an EA is also classified as either urban or rural.
On form C, the streets or townlands within an EA are presented in alphabetical order within area type. The following is the order in which the streets or townlands appear for the different types of EAs:

• Rural EAs: These for the most part consist of one or more complete EDs. Each ED is listed separately by townland in alphabetical order.
• Urban EAs: All streets or parts of streets are listed in alphabetical order.
• Mixed EAs: In this case the townlands in the rural areas are listed first followed by the urban areas listed alphabetically by street. In a small number of cases the EA may contain more than one small town or village. Each is listed alphabetically within EA.

[p.8]

Form C summary
You will find a summary of the EDs and the street/townlands within them at the end of form C. This summary should be carried with you and used as a reference to look up the correct geography codes needed to complete Form ID.

[Figure illustrating Form C summary on page 8 is omitted here]

You should note that a separate form C has been supplied to you for each Electoral Division in your EA. Thus, each ED or part of an ED in your EA must have a corresponding form C. If you notice that you are either short a form C or that you have too many forms C, notify your field supervisor immediately. You should not deliver any census forms without first entering the correct County Code, EA Code, ED Code, street/townland Code on the Form ID of each form.

[p.9]

Codes for streets definitely not listed on form C
Some EAs may not contain information on very recent housing developments, or a housing development may be identified on your enumeration map (usually as a pattern of red dots but with the outline of a house missing) without a street name.
At the end of the form C you will find 10 lines which are blank except for the street/townland codes. On these lines you should enter the details of all new streets which are not already listed on form C.
In cases where you encounter a new street which is not named on form C, you should:

• Write in the name of the new street in the lines available on the last page of form C.
• Use the relevant code (i.e., beginning with X) when completing the Form ID for all census forms delivered on this new street.

Only assign a new street code when you are certain a street is not listed on form C. Always double check the list with your field supervisor to ensure you have not passed over a street name before assigning one of the X: street codes reserved for new streets.

[A picture of form C is omitted]

In rural EAs that contain more than one ED a separate sheet of blank new street/townland codes is included for each EA/ED combination. In each the new street codes are the same. For processing purposes, it is important that the same new street code is not used more than once. If a situation arises where more than one ED within an EA contains a new street, care must be taken to ensure that a different street code is used to identify each of the streets.

Example:
EA 001 which consists of two EDs 008 and 009, an enumerator has identified that each ED contains a new street. Examination of the list of new street codes provided for each ED shows that the street codes in each begin with X0010. In this case the new street in ED 008 should be allocated X0010 and the new street in ED 009 should be allocated X0011, so as to ensure that street codes are not duplicated.

Streets no longer in use and estates not properly defined on form C
If you find that the list of streets provided is not accurate or complete you should:

• Cross out streets no longer in use by drawing a line through their name(s) but do not alter the 1996 figures.
• You may come across a housing estate listed as one entry, for example "Oakfield Estate" which actually consists of named streets and roads such as "Oakfield Drive", "Oakfield Crescent", "Oakfield Grove", etc. You should add each of these individual streets/roads as new streets/roads in form C and enter the relevant census population details for them when summing up your EA. A note to the effect that "Oakfield Estate" now corresponds to Oakfield Drive, Crescent and Grove should be added in red on Form C. Cross out "Oakfield Estate" in red.

[p.10]

Summary of main forms
Forms to be completed by the public:

Forms for completion by the enumerator:

[p.11]

Examine all these forms thoroughly and become fully familiar with their purpose and contents.

Envelopes and labels
You are provided with:
- Census envelopes marked with the census logo which are large enough to fit the census forms without folding;
- Self adhesive labels addressed to your Regional Office (Freepost address).
- Census envelopes are mainly used in Communal Establishments to contain the completed Individual Forms. Census envelopes are also used on the rare occasion when an individual within a household requests an Individual Form for privacy reasons.

Regional Office address labels are used:

• in exceptional circumstances where a householder or a resident in a Communal Establishment indicates that they do not want the Enumerator to see their completed census return and the Form H procedure is used;
• to address envelopes used to accompany forms Rem 2 and Rem 3 where the householder may opt to post back the completed form.

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Chapter 3: Preparation for visual enumeration/form delivery
The purpose of visual enumeration/form delivery is to identify every household and Communal Establishment within your EA and to deliver census forms to them.
Visual enumeration/form delivery, although one process, is carried out in two phases which are summarised below.

Visual enumeration/form delivery - Phase 1
- Familiarise yourself with your EA boundary defined on your map(s).
- Study the map(s) and identify possible dwellings.
- Identify the Electoral Divisions and streets/townlands within your EA.
- Study Form C and familiarise yourself with the codes to be used for completing the Form ID on census forms.
- Agree the best route for covering your EA with your field supervisor.
- Get to know your Enumerator Record Book (ERB) and the census forms.
- Visit every building and other places of possible habitation in your EA.
- Decide which buildings are dwellings. If in doubt make an entry in your ERB.
- For every dwelling/household in your EA, assign a D no., make an entry in your ERB, mark its position on the map with a red dot if it is not already marked and write the D No on the map beside the appropriate red dot.
- Where contact is made with the householder, deliver the appropriate census form/s.
- Regularly report back to your field supervisor on progress and completion of Phase 1.

Visual enumeration/form delivery - Phase 2
- Revisit any dwellings where you were unable to make contact with the householder in Phase 1.
- If you make contact, follow the Phase 1 delivery procedures.
- If you do not make contact, visit the dwelling again on another day and time.
- If you do not make contact on the fourth visit to a household, complete form Cen 1 and deliver it with a Household Form.

Study the EA map
It is essential that you organise yourself properly to carry out your visual enumeration and form delivery. Lay out the required forms and the maps on a large table. Study the relevant instructions, forms and maps carefully and ensure that you fully understand the job you are required to do. Begin by studying the EA maps thoroughly and familiarise yourself with the boundary colour coding scheme used on census maps.

Each enumerator is supplied with one or more maps covering his/her area according to the following scales:
- In rural areas, 1:10,000. In some rural areas which are very sparsely populated, maps on a larger scale of 1:15,000 are supplied.
- In urban areas other than Boroughs, 1:2,500.
- In boroughs, 1:1,000, 1:1,750 and 1:2,500.
- In some urban areas slightly different scales such as 1:1,750.
Where an EA covers a rural area and town environs (or suburbs) the enumerator will be given maps of the appropriate scale for each area. The following colour coding is used to distinguish boundaries and other features on enumeration maps:

[p.13]

Boundary/feature - Color
EA boundary - Purple
ED boundary - Red
Legally defined town boundary - Green
Census town boundary - Pink
Suburbs/environs of legally defined town boundary - Pink
Townland boundary - Blue
Relevant part of EA but included on another map - Purple cross hatched
Buildings - Red dot
Roads in rural areas - Yellow

Colour priorities on maps
Boundaries on enumerator maps are of two types:
(a) those drawn by hand in the CSO; these relate to EA boundary, purple and black hatching
(b) those automatically printed on maps; these include legal town, urban district, municipal and county borough boundaries, ED (electoral division), EA (in urban areas), environs of legal towns or boundaries of census towns, townlands, dwellings and major roads (in rural areas).

Boundaries drawn in CSO
In all EAs the EA (purple) boundary is outlined in marker on every map sheet. In situations where this boundary coincides with an ED (red) boundary, the purple boundary is always drawn outside the ED (red) boundary. The same applies to urban areas.

Boundaries printed on maps
In situations where one or more of the above boundaries coincide on maps, the following rules are used to decide which colour is plotted:
(1) Boundaries of legal towns, urban districts and municipal or county boroughs (green lines) have priority over all other boundaries and are always printed e.g. if a legal town boundary (green) and an ED boundary (red) coincide the green will only appear on the map.
(2) Second in order of priority are ED boundaries (red). These have priority over environs (pink), EA (purple), and townland (blue). If any of these coincide the ED (red) will only appear on the map.
(3) Third in priority are the environs of legal towns or the boundaries of census towns (pink). These have priority over EA (purple) and townland (blue). If any of these coincide only the environs (pink) will appear on the map.
(4) If an EA (purple) and townland (blue) coincide then only the EA (purple) will appear on the map.

Other colours appearing on enumerator maps
Buildings are identified on maps using a red dot, while roads in rural areas are marked in yellow. Black hatching on maps is used to identify areas that while on a map relating to a particular EA are not part of the EA. Purple hatching identifies parts of EAs that while they are part of the EA are provided on a different map.

[p.14]

The first step is to identify your EA
EAs are self-contained geographical areas which do not overlap. You should thoroughly familiarise yourself with the boundaries of your EA (including ED, street/townland, etc.) using the form C and maps provided. If you identify any apparent contradiction between the map and the form C you should immediately alert your field supervisor. Similarly, if you have any queries about the boundary of your EA you should discuss them with your field supervisor.

When you are familiar with the precise location of all significant boundary points in your EA, you must:

• Discuss and decide on the precise location of boundaries with the enumerators in neighbouring EAs
• Inform and agree with your field supervisor the decisions taken on the location of boundaries.

Route planning
You must visit every building and other place of possible habitation in your EA. To ensure that no dwelling is missed, you must plan your route in advance using the map(s) supplied.

Urban route planning:

• Divide the EA into "blocks" of adjoining streets
• Each distinct block should be completed before starting on the next block
• An example of urban route planning is given in "Census 2002 enumerators manual example sets" which accompanies this manual (the order of the D numbers indicates the route).

Rural route planning:

• Take an identifiable land-mark (e.g. an important road or junction) in your EA as a starting point
• Divide the EA roughly into segments
• Each distinct segment should be completed before starting the next.
• An example of rural route planning is given in "Census 2002 enumerators manual example sets" which accompanies this manual

Your field supervisor will provide you with the necessary training in route planning.

By carefully planning your route before you set out on your visual enumeration/form delivery, your time in the field will be kept to a minimum. For your own convenience, ensure insofar as possible to keep traveling to a minimum.

[p.15]

Preparation of enumerator record book/s
The front cover of the ERB should be filled in the presence of your field supervisor. In addition, the County Code and EA Code should be entered on the top of each page of your ERB as you go.

[Figure illustrating the front cover of ERB is omitted here.]

[p.16]

Visual enumeration and form delivery - item checklist
Each time you go to carry out the visual enumeration/form delivery you should bring the following items with you in the satchel provided:

• ID card
• Enumerator Record Book with instruction summary divider
• Clipboard
• Satchel
• Black biro (and spare) for making entries in the ERB and completing the Form ID on census forms
• Red pen (and spare) provided for marking the map(s)
• Map(s) covering your EA
• Form C summary for your EA
• Colour information leaflet
• Household Forms
• Individual Forms
• Continuation Forms
• Listing Forms for Communal Establishments
• Form Cen 1
• Multilingual cue-card
• A copy of the Albanian, French, Polish, Romanian and Russian census form translations
• Form E
• Census envelopes
• Regional Office address labels
• Notebook
• This Enumerators Manual

Obviously you will not be able to carry forms and envelopes for the whole of your EA. Each time you go out delivering take enough for the number of households you are likely to visit. Use this checklist each time you go out on visual enumeration and form delivery.

[p.17]

Chapter 4: Visual enumeration and form delivery

Health and safety
Your first line of support is your field supervisor. Keep in regular contact, discuss progress and potential problems.

On the doorstep:

• There is no need to go into anyone's home.
• Adopt a non-threatening stance.
• If a householder becomes aggressive or you feel threatened, walk away from the situation, make a note in your ERB and report the incident to your field supervisor.

Practical hints:

• Make sure that someone knows where you are going and when you expect to return.
• Wear comfortable shoes and clothes. Don't carry a handbag unless absolutely necessary.
• If you think someone is following you, cross the street, keep moving and head for the nearest place where there will be other people, such as a shop or pub.
• If someone grabs your satchel, let it go rather than risk injury.
• Where possible, face on-coming traffic.
• If you use a car, try to park it in a well-lit, preferably busy area and remember to lock it. Do not leave forms unattended in your car.

Beware of dogs:

• When approaching a property, look for signs on gates or fences that indicate dogs may be present; try rattling the gate to see if a dog appears.
• Remember, it is a dog's instinct to defend its territory; try to behave in such a way that the dog does not see you as a threat.

Dealing with the public
You may encounter people who need help with their census forms for a variety of reasons. Some may find the forms difficult to understand, may have literacy problems, or may not have English or Irish as their first language. The following points may help you bridge the communication gap.

Be courteous at all times:

• Be polite and patient.
• Listen to what people are saying and be prepared to adapt your approach to suit the circumstances.
• Show consideration to householders by not calling after 9:30 p.m.
• If a householder objects to you calling, ask when it would be suitable to call back and make a note in your ERB.

Irish language forms
Every person is entitled to receive an Irish language version of the form should they so wish. There are Irish language versions of all the census forms and reminders. Make sure you always have a sufficient supply of Irish forms available. If a householder requests an Irish language version of the form, write "Irish forms" in the notes section in your ERB to remind you to issue Irish language versions of reminder forms Rem 1/2/3 should the need arise.

[p.18 ]

Foreign language translations
Translations in Albanian, French, Russian, Polish and Romanian of the text of the Household Form, including the household and personal questions, are provided. A multilingual cue card is also provided in the same languages which you can use to introduce yourself where language difficulties arise.
Confidentiality should be stressed as asylum seekers may be reluctant to provide the information requested in Questions 5-9.
If someone only speaks a language other than English or Irish that you don't understand:

• Show them your multilingual cue-card. If the householder understands one of the five minority languages, offer them a copy of the translation form in the appropriate language along with a copy of the Household Form. They must complete the English version of the form. The translation is provided only to assist the householder to complete the English version of the form
• Try to seek help from another member of the household
• If this fails then deliver an English form, make a note in your ERB and notify your field supervisor.

Be mindful of religious customs
Be aware of peoples' religious customs. Be prepared and offer to call back at a more suitable time. Make a record in your ERB.

• Muslims may be at worship on Friday evening.
• The Jewish Sabbath is the 24 hour period from sunset Friday to sunset Saturday with worship on Saturday morning.

Visually impaired persons
Access to the census for visually impaired persons (VIP) was a big issue in 1996 where no specific provision was made.
There are about 7,000 visually impaired persons in Ireland, most of whom can read large print format, with a small number of persons who can only read Braille and a small number who are totally blind who use audio tape.
In all cases where the VIP lives alone the enumerator will have to provide assistance with completion of the Census form. Large print, Braille, and audio tapes are available as aids to give the person some degree of independence in making their census return. In the majority of cases the VIP will be happy for the enumerator to go through the form and complete it for them but would like an accessible version of the form so that they can prepare their replies in advance.
A 16 page large print form has been printed, a single copy of which will be made available to each enumerator. Additional copies are available from you Field Supervisor.
A small number of Braille forms and audio tapes have been produced and will be posted out directly on request to the householder by CSO (phone 01 4984256).
The large print form allows the person to write the answers to the personal questions in respect of themselves. Where a person requesting a large print form lives alone, the enumerator will have to go through the household questions with the VIP as these are not catered for on the large print form. In all cases the enumerator will have to transcribe the answers provided to a standard Household Form.
In cases where large print, Braille or audio tapes are requested and the visually impaired person opts to provide their response on computer printout or diskette, this should be accepted and the response transcribed to a standard Household Form.
It is important that all enumerators carry a large print version of the form and are aware of the availability of Braille and audio tape forms from CSO should they be needed.

[p.19 ]

Your route through your Enumeration Area
You should follow your route in the order as planned out and discussed with your field supervisor.

The Enumerator Record Book (ERB):

[A figure of Form C is omitted here.]

Name of householder:

Address:

• they have common housekeeping arrangements

[p. 20]

• They share their meals
• They share a common living or sitting room.

Dwelling status:

Vacant status:

Record of calls:

[An illustration of a record of calls is omitted here.]

Cen 1:

Form E:

Form H:

Rem 1:

Rem 2:

Rem 3:

Forms issued:

[p.21]

Completed forms collected:

Notes:

• An identifiable feature of the dwelling that may assist you in finding it when you return to collect completed forms.
• If the householder states that they are usually in only at certain times;
• Anything out of the ordinary e.g. a threat from a householder;
• Reasons why forms issued and completed forms collected do not tally;
• Anything which assists you in your enumeration.

Return complete and passed doorstep check:

[p.22]

Marking ERB entries on your map
The maps must be annotated in the field as the Visual Enumeration proceeds using the RED pen provided.

On the map(s) of your EA you must:

• Mark the location of all dwellings not already on the map with a RED Dot (roughly the same size as those already on the map).
• Verify the location of new buildings which the CSO may have marked in pencil on your map. Verified new buildings should be marked in RED on the map.
• Write the D No. of all households/dwellings or places of habitation in RED. In the case of a Street or block of flats it is sufficient to write the range of D No's and outline the Street or block on the map.

[A map is omitted here]

The following additional features must be annotated in RED; they should clearly show:

• The location of known extensive building development not shown on your map; these should be marked in RED.
• Temporary habitations such as caravans, travelers' encampments, etc. must also be marked in RED.
• When you encounter a dwelling unit shown on the maps which has become dilapidated and cannot be used any longer for human habitation, mark it with "D" in BLACK.
• When you encounter a temporary dwelling marked on the map in a previous Census which is no longer there mark an "X" through it in BLACK.

Please study the maps in the example sets which accompany this manual for examples of marking up the map/s for your EA.

[p.23]

Should I make an entry in the ERB for this building?
Visit every building in your EA. Some buildings are not easily visible. To ensure that no dwelling or possible place of human habitation has been overlooked you must traverse every length of public thoroughfare in your EA. You must see all buildings for yourself. Do not take anyone else's word that there is no dwelling in a secluded area or in an area which is difficult to reach.

Examples of buildings which require extra vigilance include:

• Flats over shops
• Houses in alleyways or down narrow lanes
• Caravans or mobile homes in back gardens
• Outhouses converted into living accommodation
• Isolated houses not visible from the roadway, etc
• Multi-storey car parks with apartments on top.

Dwellings or buildings with living accommodation
If the building is a dwelling or has living accommodation attached you should automatically assign a D No. and make an entry in your ERB even if there appears to be no one living there.
When you make an entry in your ERB, ensure that you write the D No. assigned in red on your map.

Structures which should be assigned a D No. and listed in your ERB
Permanent

• Dwelling houses

• Watch out for:
• Separate living accommodation attached (e.g., granny pads)
• More than one bell indicating multi occupancy.

• Blocks of flats/apartments
• Hotels/hostels

• Watch out for:
• Separate living accommodation in grounds for staff.

• Hospitals

• Watch out for:
• Separate blocks attached to the main hospital where patients may be staying.
• Separate living accommodation for nurses or religious orders.
• Nurses and staff on night duty should be enumerated at home.

• Military barracks

• Watch out for:
• Married quarters separate from the main barracks which should be treated as separate private households.

• Religious establishments
• Prisons/places of detention

• Watch out for:
• Officers on night duty should be enumerated at home.

• Schools

• Watch out for:
• Where there is boarding accommodation a listing is required.
• Separate accommodation for religious orders.
• Staff with separate living accommodation. These should be treated as separate private household/s, each having a unique D No.

• Garda stations

• Watch out for:
• Living accommodation attached (treat as separate private household) or persons detained overnight (treat as communal establishment).
• Garda on night duty should be enumerated at home.

Non-permanent

• Caravans/mobile homes
• Traveler encampments
• Camper vans/cruisers

• See Delivery situation 5.

• Ships and houseboats and river cruisers

• Watch out for:
• Should be listed only if they are being used as living accommodation at the time of the census.

• Lorries

• Watch out for:
• Lorries with sleeping accommodation parked in lay-bys or at the port should be listed if occupied on census night

[p.24]

Non-dwellings and buildings without living accommodation
In the case of all non-dwellings, you must satisfy yourself beyond all reasonable doubt that there will be no one spending census night at the address (Night security men should be enumerated at home unless they are normally resident at the premises) before deciding not to make an entry in your ERB. Ask someone in responsibility to confirm that no one will be present on census night. If in doubt make an entry in your ERB and revisit the building as soon as possible after census day to check whether the building was occupied on census night.

If you make an entry in your ERB, ensure that you have marked the D No. assigned in red on your map.

Every premises which is being used or could be used for human habitation must be assigned a D No., recorded in your ERB and marked on the map.

Structures which need NOT necessarily be listed in your ERB UNLESS there will be persons present on Census night who will not be enumerated at home.

*Watch for living accommodation attached.

If in doubt about whether to list a building or not, you should consult with your field supervisor.

[p.25]

Basic form delivery routine
The following routine for form delivery is straight forward and will apply in most cases.
Always be aware that there could be more than one household at any address; use the household definition to identify separate households. There should be a separate entry in the ERB and D No. for each household.

Remember the household definition:

• One person living alone, or
• A group of people (not necessarily related) living at the same address with common housekeeping arrangements -- that is, sharing a living room/sitting room or at least one meal a day.

1. Having assigned a D No. and marked it on the map, show your ID card and introduce yourself.

2. Say that you are the census enumerator and have come to deliver forms for the census on Sunday 28 April and that you need to ask a few simple questions to determine what forms to leave.

3. Ask who lives at the address. Use the household definition to establish how many households there are.

4. Ask for the name of the householder or person who will take responsibility for completing the form. Write the name and address in your ERB and record the date of delivery.

5. Transcribe the house number and street or townland from ERB on to the front of the Household Form.

6. COMPLETE THE FORM ID. Check that the ED and street/townland codes agree with the map and the codes on form C.

7. If there are more than 6 persons in the household, issue a Continuation Form/s and copy the Form ID from the Household Form onto each Continuation Form/s.

8. Complete form information on each form issued e.g.
- "1" of "1" (where one form was issued)
- "1" of "2" on the Household Form and "2" of "2" on the Continuation Form (where 2 forms were issued)
-"1" of "3", "2" of "3", "3" of "3" (where 3 forms were issued)

9. Record the number of each form type issued in your ERB.
[Footnote: A household should never be given more than one Household Form. Where two or more Household Forms were delivered in error, call back to the household and exchange for Continuation forms. If the error is only discovered at the collection stage, details for persons 7+ should be transcribed onto Continuation Form/s. The erroneous Household Form/s should be return with spoiled forms]

10. Hand over the form(s) and tell the householder to:

• Complete the form/s on Sunday 28 April
• List all persons who pass the night of Sunday 28 April in the household on List 1, page 3 of the Household Form
• Answer the appropriate questions for each person on List 1 in the main body of the form and explain that a separate set of questions spanning 3 pages exists for each person present
• List any persons who are usually resident in the household but who are absent on the night of Sunday 28 April on List 2 on page 3 and answer the questions at the back of the form in respect of these persons.

11. Tell the householder that you will call back to collect the completed form/s shortly after census day.

12. Ask the householder what would be the best time to collect the form.

11. Ask if anyone else lives there or if there is any other living accommodation attached.

[p.26]

The following is an example of an ERB entry following the delivery of a Household Form where forms were delivered on the fourth delivery call on 23 April accompanied by a form Cen 1 because contact could not be made with the householder.

[Illustration of the example mentioned above is omitted here.]

Golden Rule: Never deliver any census form without first completing the Form ID and writing the D No. on the map. If you do not correctly complete the Form ID, the form cannot be identified or classified geographically and will be treated as an uncollected form for payment purposes.

Form completion and census processing issues
For the first time ever the census forms will be scanned into the computer rather than keyed in, as has been done in previous censuses. This has important implications for the way the forms are handled in the field and the way they are returned to CSO. Because the forms will be processed in batches of 15-20 forms together rather than one by one (as when they were keyed in previous years) enumerators and field supervisors must pay particular care to certain instructions which did not apply to previous census.
When completed forms are received in CSO they will be unpacked separated into batches of around twenty census forms, ensuring that all forms for a particular household are kept together in the same batch. The spine of each form will be guillotined off the batch to separate the pages.

[p.27]

Each batch will be fed into a scanner to create an image of every page of every form. A computer system will read each batch of images and recognise each individual character and category ticked on the form. Characters and ticks which are unclear will be passed to CSO staff to decide what is the correct character or category ticked.
In order to ensure that the forms can be processed rapidly, the following general instructions should be strictly adhered to.

Instruction:

Possible problems:

• If pencils are used poor character recognition will result. If light pencil is used first then gone over in biro and the pencil rubbed out, the computer will be unable to read the characters because of carbon left by the eraser.
• Red ink will not be visible to the scanner.

Instruction:

Possible problems:

Instruction:

Possible problems:

• If tippex is used it could damage the scanner and a correction written over tippex will not be recognised by the scanner.
• If the correction is written over the existing character the CSO operator will have difficulty deciding which the correct character is.

Instruction:

Possible problems:

• Text such as NA or crosses through a question could be mistaken as responses by the scanner.
• CSO operators will have to waste time looking at extraneous marks and confirming to the system that they are not valid responses.

Instruction:

• Do not attach anything to the form.
• Remove anything attached or inserted into the form by householders.

Possible problems:

Instruction:

• Under no circumstance should any form be placed inside another.
• Forms for household or communal establishments should be ordered correctly and kept together with the elastic bands provided.

Possible problems:

[p.28]

How to adapt the basic delivery routine to particular situations
Above is the basic delivery routine which applies in most cases. You will come across situations, however where the procedure to follow is somewhat different.
The following is a list of situations and how you should adapt the basic delivery in specific circumstances.

Situation 1: No contact at a dwelling
Previous experience has shown that where Enumerators deliver a census form in person and clearly explain when and how to complete the census form, the quality of the census return will be best. Inevitably, however, there may be one or two households where you will be unable to make contact when delivering the form.

No contact on first call (phase 1)
If you are unable to make contact with the householder at your first call:

• Assign a D No., make an entry in your ERB and enter the D No. on your map.
• Record the date that you called in your ERB ([circle] or [cross] the date).
• Visit again during Phase two.

No contact on second/third call (phase 2)

• If you are unable to make contact at your second/third call:
• Record in your ERB the date that you called.
• Try to establish how many households/persons live at the address and when they are likely to be at home. Make a note in your ERB.
• Call again when you expect they might be at home.

No contact on fourth call (Phase 2)
If you are unable to make contact at your fourth call:

• Record in your ERB the date that you called.
• If you suspect that the dwelling contains more than 1 household you should discuss the matter with your field supervisor, who will recommend what action you should take.
• If you are confident that the dwelling contains only one household complete Form Cen1 and deliver it with a Household Form (remember to complete the Form ID).
• Place the completed Form Cen 1 and the Household Form in a blank envelope and drop it through the letterbox.
• [Check] Cen 1 in your ERB.

[p.29]

• If you have found out that there are more than 6 persons in the household you should also include a Continuation Form with ID completed.

Situation 2: Absent households, Form E
You may come across some households where the ENTIRE household will be away on census night, what we term an "Absent household". Form E also applies to one person absent households.

In these circumstances:

• Assign a D No. and write the name of householder and address in your ERB.
• Check temporarily absent in your ERB.
• Ask the householder the address where the household will spend census night.
• Tell the householder that they should be enumerated where they spend census night and that your field supervisor will be in contact with the enumerator covering the area in which they will be spending the night of 28 April to ensure that they are counted.
• Ask the householder the names of the persons who usually reside in the household.
• Complete form E.
• Check E in your ERB.
• Give the completed form E to your field supervisor to initiate form E tracking.

[An illustration of Form E is omitted here.]

Individuals absent from a household

Individuals absent from a communal establishment

[p.30]

Situation 3: Households with more than 6 persons present or absent
7-12 persons in the household (or 7-12 persons absent on Census Night):

• You will be issuing a Household Form and one Continuation Form.
• Mark in your ERB that you have issued 1 Household Form and 1 Continuation Form.
• Remember that you have issued additional forms when completing "Form" on the Household Form. The Household Form should be marked Form "1" of "2" and the Continuation Form should be marked Form "2" of "2".

[An illustration of Continuation Form is omitted here.]

• Explain to the householder the procedure for completing the Continuation Form. Stress that the relationship requested on the Continuation Form relates to Person 1 on the Household Form.
• Follow the rest of the delivery routine.
• Under no circumstances deliver 2 Household Forms. If you do not have a Continuation Form with you, call back later.

13-18 persons present in/absent from the household:

[p.31 ]

Situation 4: Communal establishments
Hospitals, residential homes, boarding schools, prisons, religious establishments and other managed residential accommodation where specific groups of people, such as patients, inmates and students live communally are called Communal Establishments (CEs).

Your field supervisor will have contacted the managers of the larger CEs in your EA in advance and will inform you of this contact. Enumeration of smaller CEs is normally carried out by a manager or person in charge. You are responsible for contacting this person and issuing the appropriate forms and envelopes. It is important, therefore, that you have read and understood the completion instructions for the Listing Form and the Individual Form, so you can advise the manager. The manager completes a Listing Form and all persons present on census night complete an Individual Form.
A proprietor, manager, head or any member of staff who resides on the premises with his/her family which satisfies the definition of a Private Household should be regarded as a distinct private household and must receive a separate Household Form.
Boarding houses with less than five boarders on census night should be treated as a private household. This household should include the manager and his/her family. [Footnote: A boarding house is an establishment run for profit, which provides board (full or partial) and lodging for permanent or semi-permanent residents e.g. persons working away from home or university students during term time. Guest houses / BBs on the other hand cater for transient persons].
Boarding houses with five boarders or more on census night should be treated as communal establishments:
Staff in a communal establishment e.g. nurses who are working a night shift or on night duty on census night, and who return to their own homes the following morning should be enumerated at home.

The procedures to follow are:

Small communal establishments - small hotels and guesthouses - with less than 20 persons

• Contact the manager or person in charge on or before Tuesday 23 April.
• Introduce yourself and explain that you have come to deliver the census forms.
• Go through the Listing Form and the Individual Form with the manager to be sure that he/she knows what is required.
• Ask the manager or person in charge to complete the Listing Form.
• Complete the name and address of the establishment and the Form ID on each Individual Form before handing it over to the manager. Leave the, Form" blank when completing the Form ID as this only applies to Individual Forms in private households. Leave the "Person Number" blank as it should only be completed after collection.
• Leave enough Individual Forms with accompanying blank envelopes for everyone who will be present on census night. Allow a few extra forms to cover unexpected arrivals on census night. Don't forget to complete the Form ID on each Individual Form.
• If the manager or person in charge refuses to distribute and collect the forms, offer to do so yourself (See below the procedure for CEs with more than 20 persons present on census night).
• Update the ERB by recording the name of the manager or person in charge and the number of Listing Forms and Individual Forms issued.
• The manager and his/her family should be treated as a separate private household.

[p.32]

Large communal establishments - hotels, hospitals, prisons - with 20 persons or more

• Arrange a suitable time to meet the manager in order to explain the procedure you will be following to enumerate the establishment.
• If a manager offers to provide a computer generated listing of people staying at the establishment on census night, this can be used in assisting you to write the names of persons on the Listing Form/s.
• Assume the role of the manager and follow the enumeration procedure as instructed on the Listing Form. Where an individual is likely to have difficulties completing a form, ask the manager to provide help or to arrange for the form to be completed on the person's behalf.
• Leave the Listing Form and some additional Individual Forms with accompanying blank envelopes with the manager. Don't forget to complete the Form ID on each Individual Form.
• Ask the manager to ensure that anyone not listed on the Listing Form who arrives later and spends census night in the CE is entered on the Listing Form and completes an Individual Form.
• Update the ERB by recording the name of the manager or person in charge and the number of Listing Forms and Individual Forms issued.
• Arrange with the manager for you to collect the forms on the day after the census (Monday 29 April).

Situation 5: Caravans and other mobile or temporary structures
All caravans and mobile homes should be listed separately in your ERB except where:

[p.33 ]

The following procedures apply to:
- Caravans
- Mobile homes
- Houseboats
- Ships in port
- Converted railway carriages
- Other mobile or temporary structures.

Caravans on a site:

Caravans not on a caravan site (including unofficial halting sites)

Temporary or mobile structures

Situation 6: Confidential returns

Households seeking to make confidential returns

• If you encounter a householder whom you know or who knows you and who therefore does not want you to see their completed form, you should explain that all information collected is confidential and is protected by the Statistics Act, 1993. If this does not reassure the householder
• Give the householder an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached and ask him/her to return the forms in the post. Write "Form H" on the back of the envelope
• Write "Confidential request" on your ERB
• [Check] H in your ERB
• Ensure you receive a form H from your field supervisor confirming that the householder has in fact posted back the forms
• Follow the rest of the delivery routine.

Try to keep the number of such confidential returns to an absolute minimum.

[p.34 ]

Request from an individual member for confidentiality

• Give the person an Individual Form (remember to complete Form ID) and a blank envelope to enclose the form after completion.
• Record on your ERB that an Individual Form(s) was issued.
• Ask the person to enclose his/her completed Individual Form in the envelope and return it with the Household Form.
• If the person is not happy with this arrangement:

• provide an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached and ask him/her to return the form by post (write "Form H" on the back of the envelope).
• [Check] H in your ERB.
• Write "Confidential request" on your ERB and make sure you receive a Form H from your field supervisor to confirm that the person has posted back the form.

• Ask the householder to ensure that the person(s) requesting the Individual Form is entered on List 1, page 3 of the Household Form.
• Remember that you have issued additional forms when completing Form ID. The Household Form should be marked Form "1" of "2" and the Individual Form should be marked Form "2" of "2".
• Follow the rest of the delivery routine.

Try to keep the number of such confidential returns to an absolute minimum.

Situation 7: Multiple households at an address

• Tenements
• A large old house which has been converted into flats or bed-sits
• An address which includes accommodation occupied by a lodger or live-in relative who does not share a living room or meals with the remainder of the household.

• Make sure you have assigned a separate D No. in the ERB for each household.
• Mark the range of D numbers on your map in RED.
• Ensure that each household can be separately identified in your ERB, with a flat number or a letter if it has one.
• Otherwise note the location (e.g. 1st floor front). This is to help you identify the correct household when you return to collect the form.
• Carry out the delivery routine.

Situation 8: Visitors
We want to enumerate everyone where they spend census night.

Visitors staying with a household on Census Night

[p.35 ]

Visiting households on Census Night

• Mark a check in the Notes section to remind you that forms must be collected soon after the census.
• Remember an enumerator in another area may have initiated Form E tracking for this visiting household so it is important to collect the completed forms ASAP after the census.

Situation 9: Refusals
We look to you to gain the public's confidence and encourage their participation.
If someone refuses to accept a form, be courteous and explain that:

• The information is vital for planning the needs of their local area and is the only source of
• Information such as that on the number of people over 65 or under 5 in their area
• The form should only take a few minutes to complete and that although it is a 24 page form that most households will only have to complete less than half the form as it covers up to six persons
• Most of the questions just require a tick
• All information is confidential and is used for statistical purposes only
• The census is compulsory and that the householder is obliged by law to ensure that the form is completed and may be fined up to 25,000 Euro for refusing to do so.

Do not cause any antagonism. Suggest the householder looks through the form.

If the householder still refuses:

• Assign a D No. and make an entry in your ERB.
• Record the date of the call.
• Summarise your interaction with the householder under Notes and record the time of your call.
• Notify your field supervisor of the refusal. She will in turn call on the householder to encourage participation.

Situation 10: Vacant accommodation
You may come across some vacant accommodation in your EA.
Types of vacant accommodation can include:

• New accommodation, ready for occupation but not yet occupied.
• Accommodation in the course of conversion, improvement, renovation or decoration and not occupied at the time of the census.
• Existing accommodation clearly without furniture or which you have been reliably informed is not occupied; for example awaiting new occupants.
• Holiday homes vacant at the time of the census.

If you come across this type of accommodation:

• Assign a D No., mark it on the map and make an entry in your ERB.
• Record the date you called.
• [Check] the appropriate vacant status.
• Try to confirm that the dwelling is in fact vacant when you call to the next building on your route.
• Call again shortly after the census to reconfirm that the dwelling is vacant. Remember to write the date of this confirmation call in your ERB.

[p.36 ]

Situation 11: Derelict dwellings
Treat a dwelling as derelict if there are no indications that the building is being converted or renovated and:

• The roof is partly or completely missing.
• The floors or staircases are missing.
• The entrance doors are missing.

These types of buildings may be unsafe and you should not go inside.

Accommodation which has doors or windows bricked or boarded up is not necessarily derelict as this may be a precaution against vandalism or squatters. If you have satisfied yourself that the building is not inhabited then [check] "Uninhabitable" in the ERB and write the D No. on the map in RED.

Situation 12: Public enquiries at the doorstep
Familiarity with this manual and the census forms will help you answer most questions you are likely to get from the public. If you cannot answer a question, refer the householder to the Census Helpline FreeFone 1800 28 04 02. Below are the answers to some of the more usual questions which may be put to you.

Question - Your response
Householder wants to know who should be listed as Person 1 under persons present.

Householder wants to know why we need their name/address.

Householder wants to know if CSO gives the name and addresses to anybody or the householder is concerned about confidentiality.

Householder wants to know what we do with the information gathered or Householder wants to know why he should co-operate or Householder wants to know why the census is being held.

Householder wants to know if the Census is compulsory; (or) householder wants to know what happens if he/she does not respond will he/she be fined?

Has any householder ever been prosecuted or fined?

Householder wishes to know how or when he/she will be summoned.

Householder asks why the form is so long; (or) householder asks why there are so many questions on the form.

Householder wants to know when the results of the Census will be available.

Householder claims to have provided the same information to a CSO QNHS interviewer.

Can the householder reply by e-mail/internet?

Householder asks were there any advertisements for the census?

Householder wants to know where they can get more information on the Census.

Household asks "Once I have completed and returned the census form will I be contacted again?"

[p.39]

Information about the QNHS and other CSO household surveys

What is the Quarterly National Household Survey?

Main features of the Quarterly National Household Survey

• As the main source of short-term statistics on population and labour force trends, the QNHS complements the more detailed picture given every five years by the Census. The main features of the Quarterly National Household Survey are as follows:
• Every week, 3,000 households throughout Ireland are asked to take part.
• Households take part in the survey for five consecutive quarters. In each quarter, one fifth of - the households in the survey are being interviewed for the first time.
• Almost 150 CSO staff work on collecting the survey data.
• Information is collected on laptop computers.
• The survey has included a range of social topics, with special reports prepared on: Housing and Households; Crime and Victimisation; Recycling and Energy Conservation; Travel to Work; and Home Computing.
• As in all the CSO's surveys, the CSO guarantees the confidentiality of the details it collects in accordance with the Statistics Act 1993.

Why are some households asked to take part in both the QNHS and the Census?

Other CSO household surveys

[p. 40 ]

Chapter 5: Collection
Collection will begin on Monday 29 April, the day after the census and must be completed by Sunday 26 May. You must collect a completed census form from all households who spent census night in your EA. The census is compulsory. Even one missed household per EA could mean an under count of 12,000 persons - equivalent to the population of a town like Mullingar.

Collection on the first day, Monday 29 April will concentrate on:

• Caravans and other mobile or temporary structures (including traveler halting sites)
• Ships in port, lorries, etc.
• Communal establishments
• Visiting households which you suspect may move on soon after the census in that order of priority.

Preparation at home
Thorough preparation will help to ensure that your collection will go smoothly. Before you set out, you should plan your route. The best route will most likely be that used to deliver the forms. You need to visit every address where forms have been delivered and those marked as vacant during form delivery. Familiarise yourself with the content of the census forms because often people will need assistance in completing them.

Form collection - item checklist
Each time you go to collect forms you should bring the following items with you in the satchel provided:

• Your ID card
• Enumerator Record Book with instruction summary divider
• Clipboard
• Satchel
• Black biro (and spare) provided for making entries in the ERB and completing the Form ID on census forms
• Red pen (and spare) provided for marking the map(s)
• Map(s) covering your EA
• Copy of form C summary for your EA
• Spare copies of Colour Information leaflet
• Spare copies of Household forms
• Spare copies of Individual forms
• Spare copies of Continuation forms
• Spare copies of Listing Forms for communal establishments
• Copies of Form Rem 1
• Copies of Form Rem 2
• Copies of Form Rem 3
• Multilingual cue-card
• A copy of the Albanian, French, Polish, Romanian and Russian census form translations
• Copies of form E
• Census envelopes
• Regional office address labels
• Notebook
• This enumerator's manual.

[p.41 ]

Basic collection routine for households
Begin the collection of forms in your EA by visiting each dwelling or household listed in your ERB. In the unlikely event that you notice that a dwelling was missed during delivery or that a caravan, etc. has arrived since you delivered forms, deliver forms immediately, make an entry in your ERB, follow the delivery procedure and arrange to call back in a couple of days for the forms.
You should visit the first dwelling entered in your ERB and proceed to each dwelling, one after the other, as listed in order of your ERB or in keeping with collection times arranged during delivery.
The following collection procedure applies to the collection of all forms:

• If you make contact show your ID card and introduce yourself.
• Explain that you are calling to collect the census form/s.
• Ask the householder how many persons spent the night of Sunday 28 April in the household = "Persons present". If there were no persons present in the household on Census night, initiate form E procedure.
• Ask the householder if anyone who is usually resident in the household was temporarily away on the night of Sunday 28 April = "Absent persons"
• When the householder returns the form(s) to you, you MUST carry out the following checks:

• Check that the householder returns all the forms which you delivered.
• Check that the householder has completed the household questions on Page 2.
• Check that no person has been double counted on the form. Check in particular that any absent persons are not also listed as present.
• Cross check that "Persons present" agrees with both the number of persons listed on List 1 on page 3 of the Household form and the number of persons present for which questions were answered on the Household Form (pages 4-21) and Continuation Form(s) (pages 2-19). If they do not tally you should check with the householder and ask him/her to carry out any necessary amendments. Amendments can be made by any adult member of the household.
• Cross check that "Absent persons" agrees with both the number of persons listed on List 2 on page 3 of the Household form and the number of absent persons for whom questions were answered on the Household Form (pages 22-23). If they do not tally you should check with the householder and ask him/her to carry out any necessary amendments. Amendments can be made by any adult member of the household. Note you can NOT have a Household Form with absent persons but no persons present. This is an absent household so initiate Form E procedure.
• If any Individual Forms were collected, check that the person has not been double counted on the Household Form or any Continuation Forms and complete person number on the ID of the Individual Form. The person number assigned to the Individual Form should be the number of the person on List 1 on page 3 of the Household Form or the next available blank person number on the household or continuation form/s.
• Having completed the above checks, scan all the remaining questions looking for instances where questions which should have been answered have been left blank. You should request the householder to carry out the necessary amendments to questions left blank or correct any inconsistencies you see.
• Check that the householder has signed the declaration on the back page of the Household Form and any Continuation Form(s).

• Note in your ERB the number of form(s) collected and the date of collection.
• Confirm that you have completed the doorstep check on the forms collected [check] "Return complete and passed doorstep check [checkbox]" in your ERB.
• Thank the householder for completing the form(s) and for their participation in the census.

Please note that the best possible check of the accuracy and completeness of the information provided is that carried out by YOU, the enumerator on the doorstep. Under no circumstances should the enumerator amend any information provided on a form once they have left the doorstep.

[p.42]

How to adapt your collection routine in particular situations

Situation 1: If the householder tells you the form is not ready

• Record the date of your collection call.
• Try to have the form/s completed there and then. If this cannot be done, arrange a time to collect the form (record this in your ERB).
• If on your third visit to collect the form it is still not ready, inform the householder that the census is confidential and compulsory and that he/she may be liable to a fine of up to 25,000 Euro if he/she refuses to complete it. Offer to assist the householder to complete the form there and then. If he/she does not take up this offer, you should tell him/her that you will be reporting the situation to your field supervisor who will no doubt be in contact.

Situation 2: If the householder has lost the form(s)

• Complete the Form ID information on replacement form/s.
• Give him/her the replacement form/s to complete.
• Write "Original forms mislaid, replacements provided" in your ERB.
• Wait until the householder completes the form. If that is inconvenient for the householder, make an appointment to return in order to collect the completed form.
• If the householder finds the original copy before you make your subsequent visit to the household, ensure both copies of the household forms are returned to you. The uncompleted copy should be included with any other spoiled forms to be returned by you to CSO.

Situation 3: If the householder asks for your assistance

Situation 4: If the householder refuses to complete the form

• The information is vital for planning the needs of their local area and is the only source of information such as that on the number of people over 65 or under 5 in their area
• The form should only take a few minutes to complete and that although it is a 24 page form, most households will only have to complete less than half the form as it covers up to six persons
• Most questions just require a tick to answer them
• It is vital that the information is complete and that they are included
• All information collected is confidential and is used for statistical purposes only
• You can assist them to complete the form.

• The census is compulsory
• Under the Statistics Act 1993 they may be fined up to 25,000 Euro for refusing to complete the form
• They can post the form back if they are concerned about confidentiality. Offer to give him/her an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached in which to return the form. Write "Form H" on the back of the envelope. See next page Situation 5 on confidential returns.

[p.43 ]

Situation 5: The householder does not want you to see the completed form - form H procedure

• Give the householder an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached
• Write "Form H" on the back of the envelope. Ask the householder to return the form Freepost to the Regional Office. Make sure that the Form ID is accurate and complete
• Write "Confidential Request" on your ERB
• [Check] H in your ERB
• Make sure you receive Form H from your field supervisor confirming that the householder has in fact returned the form by post to the Regional Office.

Situation 6: The entire household was away on census night

• [Check] "Temporarily absent" in your ERB
• Ask the householder the address where the household spent census night
• Ask the householder the names of the persons who usually reside in the household
• Tell the householder that they should have been enumerated where they spent census night
• Ask the householder if they know whether they were included on the census form at the address where they spent census night. Tell the householder that your field supervisor will be in contact with the enumerator covering the area in which they spent the night of 28 April to ensure that they were counted
• Complete Form E
• [Check] E in the ERB
• Give the completed Form E to your field supervisor to initiate form E tracking
• Ask the householder to return their incomplete Household Form(s) or Continuation Form(s) (These should be included with any other spoiled forms returned by you to CSO)
• Amend the number of forms issued to 0 in your ERB
• Make a note "Absent household" in your ERB
• If your field supervisor discovers the household was not in fact enumerated at the address where they claim to have spent census night, you should return to the household. Tell them that you have confirmed that they were not enumerated at the address where they spent census night and that you need the householder to complete a census form for those usually resident at the address.

Situation 7: If you do not make contact on your first/second collection call

• Record the date of the collection call in your ERB and call again (try to vary the time you call next time).

Situation 8: If you do not make contact on your third collection call:

• Record the date of the call in your ERB.
• Write in the Ref, household address, date, name of the householder and your phone number on a copy of Form REM 1 and sign it. Deliver the completed Form REM 1.

[Box: Ref is always entered as County Code/ EA Code/D NO. e.g. Ref 20/026/9]

• [Check] Rem 1 on your ERB.
• Call again in about a week (try to vary the time you call next time) unless you have received a call from the householder in the meantime, in which case you should arrange to collect the form.

[p.44 ]

Situation 9: If you do not make contact on your fourth collection call

• Record the date of the call in your ERB.
• Write in the Ref, household address, date, name of the householder and your phone number on a copy of Form REM 2 and sign it. Deliver the completed Form REM 2 to the household along with an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached (write "Rem 2" on the back) and another copy of the census form/s (remember to complete the Form ID).
• [Check] Rem 2 on your ERB
• Wait for 4 days. If you still have not heard from the householder and your field supervisor has not informed you that a completed return has been received in the post you should call again.

Situation 10: If you do not make contact on your fifth collection call

• Record the date and time of the call in your ERB.
• Write in the Ref, Regional Office address and phone number, household address, date, name of the householder, your phone number on a copy of form Rem 3 and sign it. Deliver the completed Form REM 3 to the household along with an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached (write "Rem 3" on the back) and another copy of the census form/s (remember to complete the Form ID).
• [Check] Rem 3 on your ERB

That is the basic collection routine which applies in most cases. The following is the procedure to be used for collection from communal establishments and for confirming that accommodation marked as vacant during delivery was in fact vacant on census night.

Form collection - communal establishments
Collection from communal establishments will take place early on Monday 29 April.

Small communal establishments - with less than 20 persons

• Make contact with the manager/administrator to collect all completed census forms.
• Ask the manager/administrator for permission to view the register for Sunday night 28 April.
• Check that every person on the register is named on the Listing Form.

• If someone listed on the register is missing, ask the manager to confirm if the person spent census night in the establishment. Enter any persons on the register confirmed as being missed on the Listing Form and ask them to complete an Individual Form.
• If someone listed on the Listing Form is missing from the register for 28 April, ask the manager to clarify the situation. If the manager confirms that the person did not spend census night in the establishment, strike through the person's name on the Listing Form. If the person has completed an Individual Form, write "Completed in error" across the Individual Form and include with any other spoiled forms to be returned by you to CSO. Amend the number of Individual Forms issued and collected on page 4 of the Listing Form.

• If an Individual Form for a person listed on the Listing Form is missing or was not returned, ask the manager to account for the missing form. If the person involved has refused to return the completed form, as a last resort ask them if they are willing to return the form by post. Give the person an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached (write "Form H" on the back). Ask the person to post back the form and mark "Confidential request" on your ERB. [Check] H and make sure you receive a form H from your field supervisor confirming that the person/s has returned the form/s. If the person declines the offer to post back their Individual Form, use the same approach as for household refusals.
• Check that you have an Individual Form for each person who passed the night in the establishment and was not enumerated at home. NB staff working night shift who return home the following morning should be enumerated at home.
• Check that the manager has completed Question E1.

[p.45 ]

• Check that the manager has completed the declaration at the back of the form.
• Record the number of Listing Forms and Individual Forms collected on your ERB.
• You should sign the declaration on the back page of the Listing Form.
• You should complete the Form ID "Person number" on each individual form by reference to the name list on the listing form. Ensure that no two persons bear the same "Person number"

If the manager refuses to co-operate when you go back to collect:
Inform the manager that:

• It is his responsibility to ensure that the establishment is enumerated
• The census is compulsory
• Under the Statistics Act 1993, he may be fined up to 25,000 Euro for refusing to co-operate.

Offer to assist the manager to complete the enumeration of the establishment. If the manager does not take up this offer you should tell him that you will be reporting the situation to your field supervisor who will no doubt be in contact.
Make a full record of what transpired, including any reasons which the manager gives for not co-operating and notify your field supervisor immediately of the situation.

Large communal establishments - with 20 persons or more

• Enumeration is carried out by the enumerator.
• Make contact with the manager/administrator.
• Ask the manager/administrator for permission to view the register for Sunday night 28 April.
• Check that the manager has completed Question E1 on the Listing Form.
• Check that every person on the register is named on the Listing Form.

• If someone listed on the register is missing, ask the manager to confirm if the person spent census night in the establishment. Enter any persons confirmed as being missed on the Listing Form and ask them to complete an Individual Form.
• If someone listed on the Listing Form is missing from the register for the 28 April, ask the manager to clarify the situation. If the person did not spend census night in the establishment, strike through the person's name on the Listing Form.

• If an Individual Form for a person listed on the Listing Form is missing or was not returned, ask the manager to account for the missing form. If the person involved has refused to return the completed form, as a last resort ask them if they are willing to return the form by post. Give the person an envelope with a Regional Office address label attached (write "Form H" on the back). Ask the person to post back the form. [Check] H and write "Confidential request" on your ERB. You should make sure you receive a Form H from your field supervisor confirming that the person(s) has returned the form(s). If the person declines the offer to post back their Individual Form use the same approach as for household refusals.
• Check that the manager has completed the declaration at the back of the form.
• Record the number of Listing Forms and Individual Forms collected on your ERB.
• You should sign the declaration on the back page of the Listing Form/s.

[p.46]

When you are sure that you have a completed form for everyone who passed census night in the establishment, you should:

• Complete the Form ID person number on each Individual Form by reference to the name listed on the Listing Form/s (you should have completed the rest of the ID before you handed out the Individual Forms); make sure that no two persons in the CE are assigned the same person number. Persons listed on a second Listing Form should be assigned Person Number 61, 62 and so on
• Complete the number of Individual forms issued and collected on page 4 of each Listing Form
• Complete the "Listing Form" on page 1 of each of the listing forms. Note that the total number of Males, Females and Persons is only entered on form 1 e.g. as this establishment has 75 residents two listing forms are required.

[Text in the box: Only complete the number of males, females and total on Listing Form 1 of N. This should be the total number of males, females and Persons in the establishment. When completing Person Number on the Individual Forms they will be assigned numbers 1-75.]

Confirmation of accommodation marked as vacant during delivery
You should revisit any dwellings marked in your ERB as vacant during the visual enumeration. One revisit will suffice.

• If the dwelling was vacant on census night, record the date you call and write "Confirmed vacant on census night" in your ERB.
• If the situation has changed and the accommodation was occupied on Census night, follow the doorstep routine for delivery. Ask the householder to complete the form while you wait or, if this is not possible, arrange to collect the form in a few days. Remember to amend the vacant status (black out box ticked) and forms issued in your ERB.

[p.47]

Problems with forms discovered after collection
This should not happen if you have carried out your doorstep check thoroughly.

Incomplete or defective forms

• a person named on page 3 of a form has not completed any of the questions in the main body of the form
• Questions have been missed
• The questions at the back of the form have be left blank for a person listed as absent on List 2, page 3
• A Continuation Form is missing

Soiled and torn forms or forms completed in red biro

[p.48]

Chapter 6: Sorting and summarizing collected forms

Ordering of completed census forms
During the collection phase you should summarise and order the forms in D No. by "Form" (1 of 2 then 2 of 2) order as you go along. This will avoid a rush at the end and will also alert you early if there are any problems. The best time to do this is either when you come in from collecting or by sorting out the forms collected the previous day before you go out each day.
After summarising the forms for each household or communal establishment as instructed below, you should sort your summarised forms in to separate stacks for each Street/Townland within ED5. Within each separate Street/Townland stack, the forms should be sorted in ascending D No and Form (in a two form household the Household Form should come first, then the Continuation Form, etc.). All forms for a multi-form household/communal establishment should be kept together using one of the elastic bands provided. Within the elastic band the order should be Household form -- Continuation Form/s or Listing Form/s -- Individual Forms. Under no circumstance should forms be placed inside one another.

Summarising each household (D No.)
Check that you are not missing any forms for that household.
If some Individual Forms are missing because of "Privacy requests" which may be in the post, you will have to wait until you receive a Form H for each outstanding Individual Form from your field supervisor before summarising the household. The forms for such households should be stacked separately until all outstanding forms are received. Only at this stage can the household details be summarised. All the forms for that household can then be held together with an elastic band and inserted in the correct position in your stack of summarised forms.
If more than one Household Form has been used in error for a household with more than 6 persons, the details from the second Household Form should be carefully transcribed onto a blank Continuation Form. Clearly mark Copied from Household Form on the front beside Donal Garvey's signature. The spoilt Household Form should be returned with any other "Spoiled Forms".

Number of persons present
Count the number of males present 6 for which any questions have been completed on each form for the household (males_p) and write under "Males" on form 1. Count the number of females present6 for which any questions have been completed on each form for the household (females_p) and write under "Females" on the ID of form 1.
Count the number of persons present from List 1 on page 3 of the Household form or the total number of Individual forms in the case of communal establishments (persons_p).
Before writing persons_p under "Total" check that males_p + females_p = persons_p. If this is not the case, something is clearly wrong and you need to cross check List 1 on page 3 against the inside of the form. You may have to return to the household if a person has been missed. This is why the door step check is so important
If males_p + females_p = persons_p write persons_p under "Total"

[p.49]

Absent persons
Count the number of absent persons if any (persons_a) for which any questions have been completed at the back of the Household and Continuation forms. Before writing persons_a under "Absent persons", cross check against the number of absent persons on List 2 on page 3 of the Household Form. If the two counts of absent persons do not agree, something is clearly wrong and you need to cross check List 2 on page 3 against the absent persons declared at the back of the form/s. You may have to return to the household if a person has been missed, etc. If the cross check on the number of absent persons is OK then write persons_a under "ABSENT persons" on the ID.
If there were no absent persons i.e persons_a=0 then write 0 under "ABSENT persons".
In the example below two forms were delivered and collected. Counting across the two forms, questions were answered in respect of 4 Males, 5 Females (pages 4-21 of household form and 2-19 of continuation form) and 9 persons were listed on List 1 on page 3 which agrees with Males + Females. No questions were answered in respect of absent persons and no absent persons were listed on List 2 of page 3 of the Household form.

[Image not reported here]

After summarising forms for a household (D No.) you should put all forms for the household/D No. in form order (1 of 2 should be on top, then 2 of 2). An elastic band should be placed around the forms for multiform households to keep them together. The form/s should be placed in the correct position in your stack of summarised forms which will be sorted in order of D No. (hereafter referred to as your D stack).

[p.50]

Summarising each communal establishment (D No.)

• Check that you are not missing any listing forms.
• If some Individual Forms are missing because of "Privacy requests" which may be in the post, you will have to wait until you receive a Form H for each outstanding Individual Form from your field supervisor before summarising the CE. All forms for the CE should be stacked separately until all Individual Forms are accounted for, at which stage the CE can be summarised. Sort the Individual Forms in order of "Person number".
• Count the number of males on the Individual Forms and write under "Males" on Listing Form 1.
• Count the number of females on the Individual Forms and write under "Females" on Listing Form 1.
• Count the number of Individual Forms and write under "Total" on Listing Form 1.
• Check that when you add "Males" + "Females" the number of persons agrees with the Total number of Individual Forms you have counted.
• After summarising the CE you should place the Listing Forms in order and place them on top of the Individual Forms which are in order. All forms for the CE should be kept together with an elastic band.
• Note that you should only enter the number of persons on Form 1 where more than one Listing Form was used.

Summarizing returns for your EA
A soon as you have completed the collection of forms you should begin your summarization; this should be Monday 27 May at the very latest. At this stage all forms which you have collected should already have been summarized and sorted into D No. by "Form" order as you went along giving you your D stack.

Before you start summing up your EA you should contact your field supervisor:

• Collect any outstanding Forms H from your field supervisor.
• Collect any outstanding Household Forms, Continuation Forms, Listing Forms and Individual Forms received in the post at the Regional Office as a result of Rem 2 or 3.
• Ensure that you update "Forms collected" in your ERB with the details of any forms picked up from your field supervisor.
• Go through your ERB and ensure that you have collected all forms delivered and that you have all the forms you collected in your possession.
• Summarise the number of persons for each household covered by the forms picked up from your field supervisor.
• Insert the summarised forms in the correct place in your D stack.

Sorting your forms into street/townland order:

• Go through your D stack and arrange the forms into separate stacks for each Electoral Division (ED).
• Go through each separate ED stack and arrange the forms into separate stacks for each street/townland.
• Sort each stack of forms relating to a street/townland in order of D No. and "Form". Forms for multiform households or communal establishments should be sorted in "Form" order and should be kept together by placing one of the elastic bands provided around the forms. Under NO circumstances should one form be placed inside another.
• Complete a separate Form B in relation to each street/townland stack.

[p.51]

Completion of Form B for each street/townland:
The purpose of the Form B is to summarise the number of males, females and total persons in each household or CE by street/townland within the ED for your Enumeration area. This serves a dual purpose. Firstly, it provides the relevant population count. Secondly, it provides a quality control of the enumeration carried out compared with the results from the previous census. You will use a separate Form B for summarising each street/townland stack.

• Complete the county name, county code, EA code, ED name, ED code, street/townland name and street/townland code of the stack on Form B.
• Transfer the D No., "Form", Males, Females and Total persons from Form 1 for each household/CE in the stack.
• If there are more than 30 households/CEs in the street/townland, sum each column in panel 1 and carry forward the totals to the first row of panel 2. Continue to enter details for the next 30 households/CEs in column 2.
• If there are more than 60 households/CEs in the street/townland, sum the items in panel 2 and carry forward to Panel 1 on an additional Form B (don't forget to write in the EA code, etc.).
• When you have entered the details for all forms in your Street/Townland stack, sum the columns.
• Transfer the total number of households, males, females and persons to the row on the Form C for that Street/Townland (Use Form C for the correct ED if your EA is made up of more than 1 ED).

The diagram on the next page describes how to complete Form B and transfer the totals for each ED by Street/Townland stack on to Form C.

[p.52]

Summarising your EA - completion of form B and form C

[Illustration of Form B and Form C on page 52 is omitted here.]

[p.53]

Completion of form C
In Columns 4, 5, 6 and 7 you must record the number of households, males, females and total persons respectively for each Street/Townland listed on each Form C. These numbers are transcribed from the Total Line on each Form B for a Street/Townland within an ED.

• Transfer the total figures from Forms B to the appropriate lines (i.e. street or townland listed) in columns 4, 5, 6 and 7 respectively of Form C for each street or townland, as shown on page 52.
• Add up the numbers in columns 4, 5, 6 and 7. Place the totals in the spaces provided at the bottom of Form C.
• The totals for males and females must tally with the total for persons.
• Where there is more than one page on a form C relating to an ED, it is necessary to carry forward the sub-totals to the next page, in the same way as figures for 1996.
• Check to see if there are any obvious discrepancies between the total number of households and persons between 1996 and 2002. If there are discrepancies, provide a brief explanation in column 8 (e.g. new hospital opened since 1996).

This is a very important phase of the enumeration as it represents a first quality assessment to be carried out on the figures from the census. It is of the utmost importance therefore that valid explanations are furnished where unexpected increases or decreases have taken place since 1996.

• When you are satisfied that the form(s) C for your EA are complete and correct you should sign and date each one.

Returning form C
When you are satisfied that the summarisation on form C is complete, notify your field supervisor without delay. Your field supervisor will check and sign off form C and forward it to CSO without delay.
The publication of timely preliminary results of the census based on head count information is critically dependent on the speedy return of completed forms C from enumerators.

[p.54]

Chapter 7: Returning your census materials and completing your work returns

Sorting forms and packing them in boxes for return to CSO
Having completed your summarisation, you will have the forms sorted into separate bundles (one for each line on the Form C) for each Street/Townland within ED. These bundles will be referred to as S bundles in the following instructions. The forms are to be packed and returned in the boxes provided. Each box has space for approximately 160 forms.

• Combine the S bundles into stacks which will fit into a box (approximately 140 forms). Most EAs will require 2-3 boxes.
• If possible try not to break a Street/Townland within ED between two stacks. Under no circumstances should the forms for a household or communal establishment be separated.
• Before placing each stack of completed forms in each box, do a final manual count of the number of forms in each stack. In the case of any Forms H, you should count the number of forms which have been retained by your field supervisor. Your field supervisor will replace any Forms H with the appropriate census forms before the boxes are forwarded to CSO.
• Having counted the number of forms going into each box, complete Form LS -- EA Final box and form count.
• Place the forms in each box and complete the summary on the side of the box.
• Close the top on the filing boxes.
• Transcribe the total number of households from Form C to Form LS.

[Images of two boxes not reported here]

Returning boxes of completed forms and other census materials
Two lockable black cases have been supplied to you for the safe transport of the boxes of census forms and other census materials back to CSO via your field supervisor. These two cases combined should contain the completed returns and materials for one complete EA only. The first black case should be labelled 1, second 2, using the gum back labels provided (write in county and EA code). Eight labels are provided and both cases should be labelled on the four sides to aid sorting in the CSO warehouse. Care should be taken not to cover the field supervisor address label already on the case when putting on the 4 EA labels. The first black case should contain all the items in the following list packed in the following order:

• The first two boxes of the completed census forms (first to go into case one)
• Your completed ERBs with divider/instruction summary
• The map(s) covering your EA
• Forms B (sealed in an envelope marked form B - County Code/EA code)
• Forms E (sealed in an envelope marked form E - County Code/EA code)
• Forms H (packed by the field supervisor in an envelope marked Form H - County Code/EA code after they replace each Form H with the appropriate retained census form/s)
• This enumerators manual
• Enumerators Manual accompanying example sets and map
• Soiled or torn Household Forms, Continuation Forms, Individual Forms, Listing Forms (sealed in an envelope marked soiled forms - County Code/EA code)
• Notebook
• All unused forms
• All unused envelopes
• Your clipboard
• Your satchel
• Your ID card
• Completed form L invoice (in duplicate)
• Completed form LS EA box summary.

On Form L you must list all items being returned. Form LS and form L will be checked by your field supervisor. Three copies of form L are to be given with the materials listed above to your field supervisor who will sign them. One copy will be inserted in the first black case, one copy will be returned to you and one copy will be retained by your field supervisor. Form LS EA box summary should be the last item to go in to the first black case.

Any remaining boxes of completed forms should be packed in the second black case provided.

Both cases must be labelled as instructed above and be locked for transportation. Don't forget to give the keys to your field supervisor.

Reporting progress and recording time worked - WR1 and EP2
1. Recording: In your notebook you must at all times keep an accurate account of the time you spent working on the census. This information is needed to fill in your weekly progress report.

2. Form WR 1: You must furnish weekly progress reports to your field supervisor on form WR 1. This is provided in quadruplicate. You should complete it and forward the top three copies to your field supervisor. Retain the bottom copy for your records.

3. Your work returns should be compiled for each week ending on Friday. On each Saturday the completed returns should be forwarded to your field supervisor.

[p.56]

4. Form EP2: Calculation of an Enumerator's final payment depends on the careful completion of final report Form EP2. This form should be completed when you have completed your Census enumeration, summarisation work and WR1 reports. The figures for the weekly hours worked (see page 1 of Form EP2) should be taken from your retained copies of the form WR1. Sign the declaration that states that you have completed your duties as an Enumerator and forward it to your field supervisor. A final bonus will be paid when you have satisfactorily completed all tasks assigned to you.

Miscellaneous expenses - Exp.1
Form Exp.1: At the end of your period of employment, you should claim on Form Exp.1 any miscellaneous expenses (e.g. postage and telephone charges) which you may incur for the purpose of the census. The claim should be supported, where possible, by vouchers and receipts. This form should be checked and certified by the field supervisor who will forward it through the regional supervisor for payment.

Change of address
If you change your address during the period of employment on the Census, you should notify your field supervisor of your new address immediately.

[p.57]

Chapter 8: Specific notes on questions in the Census

1. What is your name? (Person 2)

2. Sex

3. What is your relationship to Person 1?

[p.58]

4. What is your date of birth?

The purpose of questions 5 to 9 is to study migration patterns, both short-term and long-term. This information will give us a picture of where people are moving to or from and who is moving in terms of age, sex, education, occupation, etc.
Location is a key characteristic that is used with other data to build an accurate picture of our population. It is the basis for population estimates and projections and determining electoral boundaries.

5. What is your place of birth?

6. What is your nationality?

7. Where do you usually live?

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Comparing place of birth (question 5) and place of usual residence (question 7) indicates longer-term migration.
Likewise, if a person lived outside the country for a continuous period of one year or more.
By comparing a person's usual residence one year before the census (question 8) and their residence at census time (question 7), we get an indication of the extent to which people change residence.

Nationality is being asked for the first time and is important in the context of a more culturally diverse Ireland.

8. Where did you usually live one year ago?

9. Have you lived outside the Republic of Ireland for a continuous period of one year or more?

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10. What is your current marital status?

11. Can you speak Irish?

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12. What is your religion?

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13. Are you a member of the Irish Traveler Community?

14. Do you have any of the following long-lasting conditions:

15. Because of a physical, mental or emotional condition lasting 6 months or more, do you have any of the following activities:

• Question 14 is to be answered for all persons.
• Questions 15(a) and (b) are to be answered for all persons aged 5 years or over.
• Questions 15(c) and (d) are to be answered for all persons aged 15 years or over.

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16. How do you usually travel to work, school or college?

17. What time do you usually leave home to go to work, school or college?

18. What distance is your journey from home to work, school or college and how long does it usually take?

The replies to questions 16 to 18 in conjunction with the address where people work will provide valuable information on commuting patterns for planning public transport infrastructure.
Usual means of travel identifies the different modes of transport used by commuters. The time of leaving home will provide information on the volume of commuter travel by type of transportation at different time periods during a typical day. Distance and usual travel time will give us information on the efficiency of different modes of transport.

Some guidelines on answering questions 16-18:

• Where different means of travel are used on different days, then the most frequently used method should be indicated.
• Where the time of leaving home differs on different days, then the most frequent time of leaving home should be indicated.
• Persons who do not work or attend school or college tick "Not applicable" for questions 16 and 17 and leave question 18 blank.
• Persons who work daily from a fixed centre or depot, indicate the means of transport and distance travelled from residence to this centre or depot.
• Persons with no regular place of work such as sales representatives, road workers or others who do not work at or from a fixed centre or depot, indicate "0" miles and "0" minutes for question 18.

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Questions 20 to 36 are to be answered only by persons age 15 and older.

20. Have you ceased your full-time education?

21. What is the highest level of education (full-time or part-time) which you have completed to date?

The replies to questions 20 and 21 will be used to monitor the impact of education policies, changing skill levels and the extent to which people use their formal qualifications.

Some guidelines on answering question 21:

• Persons who received their education when institutional arrangements were different to those currently in place or who were not educated in Ireland, should select an equivalent option.
• A person who attended primary level only should select 2- Primary education. A person who attended a second level school but left without sitting for the Junior Certificate, Intermediate Certificate, Group Certificate, etc. should also select this option.
• A person who has sat for the examinations listed under options 3 (Lower secondary) and 4 (Upper secondary), should select the appropriate level of education completed irrespective of the results achieved.
• A person who successfully completed a Post Leaving Certificate programme (VPT2) or a secretarial or commercial course lasting a year or more in addition to the Leaving Certificate should select 6 - Both Upper secondary or Technical?.
• A person who attempted a third level course but without obtaining the certificate, diploma or degree in question should select the appropriate option at Second Level.

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22. Do you hold any third level qualification(s) which you attained after completing 2 or more years of study?

• Persons answering this question should have ticked a third level qualification at question 21: Highest level of education completed to date.
• This question should only be answered by persons who have attained qualifications after 2 or more years of study at a third level college or university. One year post leaving courses (PLCs) are specifically excluded.
• Persons who completed degrees where more than one subject area was covered should check only those subject areas taken as part of the final examination for their degree or diploma.
• Where a person completes a Masters degree in one year this should be taken as a third level qualification attained after completing 2 or more years of study as the years of undergraduate study would count in this case. The subject(s) should be those taken for the Masters degree.

23. Do you provide regular unpaid personal help for a friend or family member with a long-term illness, health problem or disability?

• The receipt of "Carers allowance" is not considered payment for the purposes of this question.
• "Meals-on-wheels" staff are not considered as carers for the purposes of this question.

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24. How would you describe your present principal status?

• Persons who are self-employed
• Persons mainly engaged as "Assisting relatives" on farms, in shops or in any other commercial enterprises even if they receive no payment or no regular payment
• Priests, nuns and brothers except where they are 6 "Retired" or 7 "Unable to work due to permanent sickness"
• Persons temporarily absent from work due to illness, holidays, etc.
• Apprentices who are in employment and who also attend school or technical college
• Full-time students who are in part-time employment should tick 4 "Student or pupil".

Questions 26 to 31 are to be answered by persons who are working for payment or profit, unemployed or retired (i.e., those who have ticked boxes 1, 3, or 6 for question 24).

26. Do (did) you work as an employee or are (were) you self-employed in your main job?

• The term "Employee" should be used for a person receiving a fixed wage or salary, even if he/she is assisting a relative. However, if a person is assisting a relative without receiving a fixed wage or salary, he/she should 4 "Assisting relative"
• Priests, nuns, brothers, etc. should 1 "Employee"
• Persons employed as managing directors should 1 "Employee"
• Persons in partnership in a firm having paid employees should 2 "Self-employed, with paid"
• Persons in partnership in a firm not having paid employees should 3 "Self-employed, without paid".

27. What is (was) your occupation in your main job?

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29. What is (was) the full name of the Organisation you work(ed) for in your main job?

30. What is (was) the full address at which you actually work(ed)?

• For question 30, the full and exact address at which working is required, not the headquarters or head office of an employer, if that is different.
• These questions should only be answered by those at work or unemployed, i.e. those who indicate on Question 24: 1 "Working for payment or profit" or 3 "Unemployed".
• These questions need not be answered by those who are retired.

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31. What is (was) the business of your employed at the place where you work(ed) in your main job?

• It is vitally important that the description given is detailed enough to enable it to be coded.
• This question should only be answered by those at work or unemployed i.e. those who indicated 1 "Working for payment or profit" or 3 "Unemployed" in question 24.
• It need not be answered by those who are retired.
• The second part of question 31 should be ticked in all cases as it will assist the CSO to categorise the industry fully.

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Questions 32 to 36 will provide information which is comparable to that collected in the quarterly National Household Survey and enable the labour force to be defined according to International Labour Office criteria at small area level. This information is important in the planning of job creation measures in areas throughout the country.

32. In the week ended Sunday 28 April did you do any work, either full-time or part-time, for payment or profit:

• as an employee
• as a self-employed/freelance
• in your own/family business
• on a Community Employment Scheme or other Employer Scheme

Check "Yes" for any paid work, including casual or temporary work, even if only for one hour.
Check "Yes" if you were away from work ill, on holiday, on maternity leave or temporarily laid off.
Check "Yes" if you worked, paid or unpaid in your own/family business

33. Were you actively looking for any kind of paid work in the last 4 weeks?

34. If a job had been available last week, could you have started it within 2 weeks?

35. Last week, were you waiting to start a job already obtained?

36. How many hours in total did you work last week?

• Questions 33-35 should only be answered by those who in the week ended 28 April did not work either full time or part time for payment or profit, i.e. those who answered "No" to question 32.
• Question 36 should also be completed by those working in a family business who do not receive a fixed salary or wage.

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Census Terms

Absent household: Where an entire household was away on census night.

Cen 1: A cover note used when you call 4 times to deliver a Household Form and fail to make contact with the householder.

Communal Establishment (CE): Accommodation such as hotels, boarding houses, guest houses, BBs, hostels, campsites, educational establishments, religious communities, children's homes, nursing homes, hospitals, nurses' homes, prisons, defence establishments (including ships), civilian boats and barges, garda stations, etc.

Delivery routine: The steps to follow at each address when delivering census forms. This may need to be adapted to specific situations.

Dwelling unit: A dwelling unit is living accommodation which is occupied or, if vacant, is intended for occupation, by one or more households.

Enumeration Area (EA): The area covered by one enumerator defined on enumeration maps using a purple boundary

Electoral Division (ED): An ED is the smallest administrative area for which population statistics are normally published. The boundaries of EDs are displayed in red on enumeration maps. EDs are always written on census forms using the 3 digit code specified on form C.

Enumeration: The process of counting people in a census.

Enumerator Record Book (ERB): The book used to record progress at each stage of the enumeration for every dwelling in the EA. Most EAs will require two ERBs.

Form C: The list of street and townland codes for each ED in your EA.

Form E: Form to be completed if an entire household is away on Census Night. Initiates [the] household tracking [process].

Form H: A form completed by the field supervisor where a household or individual posts their form directly to the Regional Office for confidentiality reasons.

Census Night: Sunday 28 April 2002.

Private household: The term used for groups of people living together is a household. A household is:

• one person living alone, or
• a group of people (not necessarily related) living at the same address with common housekeeping arrangements - that is, sharing at least one meal a day or sharing a living room or sitting room.

Ref: County code/ EA code/D No. (e.g. 02/010/131) should be used as the reference for all forms.

Rem 1: A reminder used if you fail to make contact with the householder on your third visit to collect the completed Household Form.

Rem 2: A second reminder used if you fail to make contact with the householder on your fourth visit to collect the completed Household Form.

Rem 3: A third and final demand used if Rem 2 has failed to elicit a completed census form, 4 days have elapsed and you fail to make contact with the householder.

Ref 1: A form completed by the field supervisor where a household has refused to complete a census form despite intervention by the field supervisor. This is a last resort and will only be issued by the field supervisor with the approval of the regional supervisor.

Street: A Street is a group of adjacent buildings (e.g. houses, shops, businesses) having the same address within a built up area. Streets are always written on census forms using the 5 digit code specified on form C.


Townland: A townland is the smallest territorial division used for census purposes in rural areas. The boundaries of Townlands are displayed in blue on enumeration maps. Townlands are always written on census forms using the 5 digit code specified on form C.

Vacant accommodation: Residential accommodation where nobody is currently living.