Sample characteristics: China
| Census/survey characteristics | |
| Type | Census |
| Title | Third National Population Census |
| Statistical agency | National Bureau of Statistics |
| Population universe | All individuals who have Chinese nationality and reside in China, personnel of embassies, consulates and other missions in foreign countries and staff, experts, students and trainees abroad. |
| De jure or de facto | De jure |
| Census/survey day | At 0:00 on July 1, 1982 |
| Field work period | Census registration from July 1 to July 10, 1982; Census review from July 11 to July 15, 1982; Census quality evaluation survey from July 16 to July 31, 1982. |
| Questionnaire | A single questionnaire for regular and collective households. |
| Type of fieldwork | Direct enumeration: grass-roots cadres organized householders or the persons who were familiar with household situations appointed by householders into the census station to fill out the census form, or census takers visited households to fill out the census form. |
| Microdata sample characteristics | |
| Sample design | Systematic sample |
| Sample fraction | 0.01 |
| Sample size (person records) | 10039191 |
| Sample weights | Self-weighting
Expansion factor = 100. |
| Units identified in microdata | |
| Dwellings | No |
| Vacant units | No |
| Households | Yes |
| Collective dwellings | Yes |
| Smallest geography | City/prefecture |
| Unit definitions | |
| Dwellings | Not applicable |
| Households | Domestic household: A group of individuals who are either relatives or non-relatives, live in one residential unit and are registerered as one household. Collective household: A group of individuals who live in the same dormitory in a college (or school) or in the same living quarters for staff and workers in a factory or other organization. |
| Collective dwellings | Collective dorms of work units (including their branch units) such as organs, groups, schools, factories, mines, construction sites, farms, companies, shops, hospitals, nurseries, old people's homes, monasteries, churches, prisons, places for reform through labor and reeducation. |
| Census/survey characteristics | |
| Type | Census |
| Title | Fourth National Population Census |
| Statistical agency | National Bureau of Statistics |
| Population universe | All individuals who have Chinese nationality and reside in China |
| De jure or de facto | De jure |
| Census/survey day | At 0:00 on July 1, 1990 |
| Field work period | Census registration from July 1 to July 10, 1990; Census review from July 11 to July 15, 1990; Census quality evaluation survey from July 16 to July 31, 1990. |
| Questionnaire | A single questionnaire for regular and collective households. |
| Type of fieldwork | Direct enumeration: census takers visited household to fill out the census form. |
| Microdata sample characteristics | |
| Sample design | Stratified cluster sample |
| Sample fraction | 0.01 |
| Sample size (person records) | 11835947 |
| Sample weights | Self-weighting
Expansion factor = 100. |
| Units identified in microdata | |
| Dwellings | No |
| Vacant units | No |
| Households | Yes |
| Collective dwellings | Yes |
| Smallest geography | City/prefecture |
| Unit definitions | |
| Dwellings | Not applicable |
| Households | Households can be classified into two types: domestic and collective. Individuals who live in the same place mostly due to family relationships are counted as a domestic household. Singles who live alone are counted as a domestic household. Individuals who live in the same domestic household should be registered as one household only, regardless of the type of working places and the type of household registrations (agricultural or non-agricultural), and whether they have the formal household registrations. |
| Collective dwellings | Collective dorms of work units (including their branch units) such as organs, groups, schools, factories, mines, construction sites, farms, companies, shops, hospitals, nurseries, old people's homes, monasteries, churches, prisons, places for reform through labor and reeducation. |
| Census/survey characteristics | |
| Type | Census |
| Title | Fifth National Population Census |
| Statistical agency | National Census Office |
| Population universe | All individuals who have Chinese nationality and often reside in China |
| De jure or de facto | De jure |
| Census/survey day | November 1, 2000 |
| Field work period | From November 1, 2000 to November 10, 2000. |
| Questionnaire | Four forms: A census short form, census long form, population mortality survey form, and census appendix form also known as the temporary resident survey form. |
| Type of fieldwork | Census takers conduct direct house-to house enumeration. Enumerators complete and verify census forms at the household residence based upon responses provided by the householder or others in the household. |
| Microdata sample characteristics | |
| Sample design | Systematic sample of households. |
| Sample fraction | 0.01 |
| Sample size (person records) | 11804344 |
| Sample weights | Self-weighting (expansion factor = 10). |
| Units identified in microdata | |
| Dwellings | No |
| Vacant units | No |
| Households | Yes |
| Collective dwellings | Yes |
| Smallest geography | City/prefecture |
| Unit definitions | |
| Dwellings | Not applicable |
| Households | Individuals with family member relationships living together or single persons living alone. |
| Collective dwellings | Individuals without family member relationships living in collective dormitories or other residences together. |