Sample characteristics: Canada
| Census characteristics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | |
| Title of census | 1971 Census of Canada | 1981 Census of Canada | 1982 Census of Canada | 2001 Census |
| Census agency | Statistics Canada | Statistics Canada | Statistics Canada | Statistics Canada |
| Population universe | Resident population in private dwellings in the areas with a minimum population of 250,000 persons. Foreign residents and non-permanent residents were excluded . Prince Edward, Yukon and Northwest Territories are not included in the sample. |
Resident population in private dwellings in the areas with a minimum population of 250,000 persons. Foreign residents and non-permanent residents were excluded . | Canadian citizens and landed immigrants having a usual place of residence in Canada or residing aroad, on a military base or on a diplomatic mission. The file also includes data on non-permanent residents of Canada. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the population universe of the 1991 Census marks a change from previous census coverage. The file excludes institutional residents, residents of partial refusal Indian reserves or Indian settlements, and foreign residents, namely foreign diplomats, members of the armed forces of another country who are stationed in Canada, and resdients of another country who are visiting Canada temporarily. | The target population includes all Canadian citizens and landed immigrants who have a usual place of residence in Canada or who are abroad, either on a military base or attached to a diplomatic mission. The file also includes data on non-permanent residents of Canada. As non?permanent residents were not enumerated before 1991 (except in 1941), users wishing to make comparisons over time will have to take this factor into consideration. The file excludes institutional residents, residents of incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements, and foreign residents, namely foreign diplomats, members of the Armed Forces of another country who are stationed in Canada, and residents of another country who are visiting Canada temporarily. |
| De jure or de facto | De jure | De jure | De jure | De jure |
| Enumeration unit | Household | Household | Household | Household |
| Census day | June 1, 1971 | June 3, 1981 | June 4, 1991 | May 15, 2001 |
| Field work period | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| Enumeration forms used | The long form which requested information about dwellings, households and individuals. | The long form which requested information about dwellings, households and individuals. | The long form which requested information about dwellings, households and individuals. | The long form which requested information about dwellings, households and individuals. |
| Type of field work | Direct and self-enumeration | Direct and self-enumeration | Direct and self-enumeration | Direct and self-enumeration |
| Respondent | Household questions were answered by the Head of household | not specified | Household questions were answered by the the residents who paid rent or mortgage, taxes, electricity, etc., for this dwelling if they lived in there | Not specified |
| Microdata sample characteristics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | |
| Microdata source | Statistics Canada | Statistics Canada | Statistics Canada | Statistics Canada |
| Sample design | (a) Systematic sample of every 3rd household with a random start was given a long form. (b) The long form sample was then stratified within each georgraphic region. (c) A sample of individuals was systematically drawn from each stata proportionally to represent 1% of the sample. | (a) Systematic sample of every 5th household with a random start was given a long form. (b) The long form sample was then stratified within each georgraphic region. (c) A one-in-fifty sample of individuals was systematically drawn from each strata and one-in-a-hundred sample was drawn for household/family file. Individual and household samples were drawn separately. | (a) Systematic sample of every 5th household with a random start was given a long form. (b) The long form sample was then stratified within each georgraphic region. (c) The final sample was selected systematically using a sampling interval of 100/9, with a random start between 0 and the sampling interval. The sample size is equal to 3% of the target population. | (a) Systematic sample of every 5th household with a random start was given a long form. (b) The long form sample was then stratified within each georgraphic region. (c) Since the objective is to have a self-weighted sample making up 2.7% of the target universe, individuals are selected systematically, in proportion to their weighting factor, with a sampling interval of 37. |
| Sample unit | Household | Household | Household | Household |
| Sample fraction | 1% | 2% | 3% | 2.7% |
| Sample size (person records) | 214,019 | 486,875 | 809,654 | 801,055 |
| Sample weights | Self-weighting (expansion factor = 100) | Self-weighting (expansion factor = 50 for individual data, expansion factor = 100 for household data) | Self-weighting (expansion factor = 33.33) | Calculated by Statistics Canada adjusting to sex, the sampling age groups, and the geographic areas in the Individuals File. |
| Units Identified in Microdata | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | |
| Dwellings | No | No | No | No |
| Vacant units | No | No | No | No |
| Households | No | No | No | No |
| Individuals | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Group quarters | Yes (collective) | Yes (collective) | No | No |
| Settled/Unsettled Population | No | No | No | No |
| Special populations | No | No | No | No |
| Smallest geography | Province | Province and census metropolitan area with 100,000+ population | Province and census metropolitan area with 100,000+ population | Province and census metropolitan area with 100,000+ population |
| Unit Definitions (Census) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | |
| Dwellings | A structurally separate set of living quarters with a private entrace from outside or from a common hallway or stairway inside the building, i.e., the entrance must not be through someone else's living quarters. Dwellings under construction that are not ready for occupancy are not included. | A dwelling is a separate set of living quarterwith a private entrace from outside or from a common hallway or stairway inside the building. This entrance must not be through someone else's living quarters. | A dwelling is a separate set of living quarterwith a private entrace from outside or from a common hallway or stairway inside the building. This entrance must not be through someone else's living quarters. | A dwelling is a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance from the outside or from a common hallway or stairway inside the building. This entrance should not be through someone else's living quarters. |
| Households | A person or group of persons occupying one dwelling. It usually consists of a family group, with or without lodgers, employees, etc. However, it may consist of two or more families shaing a dwelling, of a group of unrelated persons or of one person living alone. | Refers to a person or group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. It usually consists of a family group with or without lodgers, employees, etc. However, it may consist of two or more families sharing a dwelling, a group of unrelated persons, or one person living alone. Household members who are temporarily absent on Census Day are considered as part of their usual household. For census purpose, every person is a member of one and only one household. | Refers to a person or group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. It usually consists of a family group with or without other non-family persons, of two or more families sharing a dwelling, of a group of unrelated persons, or of one person living alone. Household members who are temporarily absent on Census Day (e.g., temporary residents elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. For census purpose, every person is a member of one and only one household. | Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. It may consist of a family group (census family) with or without other non-family persons, of two or more families sharing a dwelling, of a group of unrelated persons, or of one person living alone. Household members who are temporarily absent on Census Day (e.g. temporary residents elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. For census purposes, every person is a member of one and only one household. Unless otherwise specified, all data in household reports are for private households only. |
| Group quarters | Household occupying a collective dwelling. | A person or group of persons who occupy a collective dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. | — | — |
| Unsettled population | — | — | — | — |
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